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NGHItNClluffll NANG Ll/C XA HOI • • TRONG NOI DUNG HOC VAN PHO THONG I Boic inhvavande NhOfng yeu cau phat trien con ngUdi trong qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai ngay cang da dang va sau sac Nang l[.]

NGHItNClluffll

NANG Ll/C XA HOI

• •

TRONG NOI DUNG HOC VAN PHO THONG

I B o i c i n h v a v a n d e

NhOfng yeu cau phat trien con ngUdi trong

qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai ngay cang da

dang va sau sac Nang liic con ngurdi ngiiy cang phdi

phong phu hon, chuyen biet hon nhi/ng d6ng thdi

phcii tich hop, CO dong va linh hoat hon Hoc vin ph6

thong can the hien duoc nhCirng doi hdi nay de bSo

dSm sir phat triln day dCi nang luc cCia ngifdi hoc

Til quan diem phat trien nang lac, hoc van ph6

thong phdi phan anh daoc nhdmg thanh to c6t loi cCia

nhCJfng nang liic co ban cua con ngirdi khi vao tuoi trudng

thanh, budc vao hoat dong xa hoi Neu to chufc cac nang

luc theo ITnh viic hoat dong ttfong ilhg thi trong giao due

phcii quan tarn den nhCfng nang lUc sau day

1 Nang luc logic-toan

2 Nang lire khoa hoc

3 Nang luc nghe thuat, tham ml

4 Nang liic xa hoi

5 Nang life the chat

6 Nang liic cdng nghe

7 Nang liic ngon ngOf va giao tiep

8 Nang liic dao dOfc

9 Nang liic van hoa

10 Nang liic kinh te, kinh doanh v.v

Va con rat nhieu dang nang liic khac tuy theo

each chung ta chon tieu chi phan loai nhu the nao

Chang han neu lay tinh triTu tuong tang len cua hoat

dong thi nang liic co cac loai:

1 Nang liic thiic hien cong viec chan tay

2 Nang liic quan If

3 Nang liic lanh dao

4 Nang life hoc tap

5 Nang luc thiet ke

6 Nang liic giao tiep

7 Nang liic ngon ngOf

8 Nang liic tU duy v.v,

Khai niem nang liic xa hoi theo If thuyet noi

dung hoc van pho thong dirong nhien co lien quan

den nhOfng loai nang liic ke tren, nhUng khong the

dong nhat vdi chung vi hai le sau:

1 Ndi dung hoc van pho thdng tat phSi tinh

gon hern va chon loc hon f~

PGS.TS.DANGTHANHH(mG

Trung XM NghlAn c^ Tim If hgc vi Giio due hgc

2 Ndi dung hoc van pho thdng phcii diioc to chufc khai quat hon v^ mat gia trj nhung lai cu the hon v^ mat hlnh thCfc trong chirong trinh giao due Theo logic sU pham thi h§ thdng nang liic ngUdi tCr

gde do giao dgc va phat trien ca nhan cd the dMc phan

chia tuong doi doe lap thanh nhOfng ITnh viie hoat ddng

CO bSn cCia ngudi hoe Hoac cd th^ dugfc to chufc cac nang lUc do trong cac hoat ddng phufc hop Dd cung la van de to chufc nang liic xa hdi trong ndi dung hoc van Van d l hien nay la md t3 nang liic xa hdi nhu the nao de phan biet vdi nhflng nang liic khac? Tren thiic te cac nang liic tich hop d ca nhan va chung diioe huy ddng cung nhau trong hoat ddng Ngay ca van de nang liic xa hdi bao gdm nhOfng thanh to nao

cung chUa 6MC lam rd ve mat khoa hoe

2 Quan niem nang lUc xa hoi

2.1 Tong quan

Cd nhieu each hieu khac nhau ve nang liic xa hdi Cho den nay, khai niem nay ehUa that rd rang ve mat khoa hoc Trong khoa hoe tam If thudng ddng nhat nang lire xa hdi (Social Competencies) vdi nang liic xuc cam (Emotional Competencies) hoac

ke cS nhOfng nang liic hanh vi nhan thufe lien quan den tinh cam Trong khoa hoc giao due, kinh te hoc,

xa hdi hoe, van hda hoc nang liic xa hdi thudng duoc hieu gan vdi kl nang song, kl nang xa hdi, nhan thufe va hanh vi van hda xa hdi NhOfng quan diem dd

rd rang khdng sai nhung chUa xae djnh va chUa day dCi Don giSn la nang liic hay xa hdi thi deu khdng chi bao ham tinh Ceim va xuc Ceim, ehl gdm cd hanh

vi van hda, cung khdng chi la ki nang song

Neu hieu theo nghTa rdng Idn nhat, nang lire xa hdi la bein chat chung ciia nang life eon ngudi Moi nang life eCia con ngudi deu la nang luc xa hdi Tat nhien chung deu ed tien de la nhOfng tiem nang sinh hoc va di truyen ca nhan Nang life ngudi vdi chufc nang hanh ddng thiic tien ludn la cai xa hdi, ehCf khdng the la cai gl khac.Tuy vay, each hieu nay cung chUa dCi xae djnh de ehl rd pham vi cua nang life xa hdi vdi tif each thanh phan co bSn eCia ndi dung hoe

"vail trlfdng pho thdng

C:\/M.JDJ KHOA HQC GlAO DUC • !

GQl NGHieNCOU

2.2 Khai niem nang It/c xa hoi trong hpc v6n

pho thong

Nang life xa hdi 1^ sifc manh tinh t h i n v l h^nh

ddng cua el nhan difoc t6 chOfe difa tr§n nh$n thOfc

xa hdi (tri gilc xa hdi, ki nang xa hdi), thii dd v l tinh

elm xa hOi M dgo dufc, van hda, t h i m mi, phip

lult ) v l cle kT nang, hanh vi song giup eon ngUdi

tuong tic vdi mdi trudng xa hdi v l gili quy^t cle

van d^ x l hdi cua mlnh ed hi§u qui, thfeh Ofng thinh

cdng vdi mdi trudng sdng va l l m vide

NIng life xa h^i difOc hi^u I I nhQng nang life

hudng vio holn cinh xa hdi, ufng xCr vdi cle v i n d^

xa hdi v l tham gia cle quan h§ xa hdi Ndi cich khie,

dd I I ning life hilu ddi sdng xa hdi, ning life hlnh

ddng v l hlnh vi phu hop vdi cle quan h^ v l holn

cInh xa hdi, nang life bi^u hi§n xuc elm, t h i i do v l

tinh elm e l nhIn dung trude nhOfng sif ki§n v l vin

de xa hdi, nang life gili quyet cle v i n de x l hdi v l ra

quyet djnh phu hop vdi holn einh Ning life x l hdi

cd cau true tUong tif nhif nang life ndi chung, gom 3

mat: Tri thufe, KT nlng,Thli do vlTinh elm

3 Khung nang lUc xa hoi cua hoc sinh pho

thong

3.7 Khung nang lUcxa hoi theo tieu chi quan

hexahoi

3.2 Khung nang li/cxa hoi theo tieu chiti/Ong tdc xd hdi

N M n t h t k x i h d i

Social Ctmgnition

1 Tri thCrc vi lu

nSng sCr dung h i ^

qui hinh vi xa h6i

thdng thtximg (giao

ti^p, giao djch, trd

chuyen )(1)

2 Nhin didn v i hilu

cicquitic,tiptucxi

hdi hi£n hinh trong

mdi trudng x i h ^ (2)

3.Hi^uvic6kTning

tu U6m soit, tir

giim sit hinh vi cCia

mlnh (3)

4 Nhin thCrc cd

djnh hudng v£

tuong lai trong

cdng vi$c, ddi sdng,

hoincinh (4)

5 Phin bl$t v i H&i

rd nhOng inh hudng

tich cue v i t i ^ cue

trong mdi trudng d ^

chinhmlnh(5)

6 Nhin thUc ngudn

gdc xa hdi v i qudc

gia cOa mlnh v i gia

dinh (6)

T h i i d ^ / t l n h c i m , Social Emotion(."i

A t t l t u d * ' "

1 Cim nhin duoc tic ddng cija mlnh dfri ngudi loiic v i cOa ngudi l(hic d6in4nh(7)

2 Tin tudng khi ning inh hudng cCia mlnh d^n hoin cinh cCia ngudi khic (8)

3 Tdn trong nhCfhg khic biet c i nhin cd ngudn gdc gidi v i sic tdc (9)

4 Thii d^ xCr SI/ thin thl^n vdi c^ng ddng

v i ngudi khic (10)

5 Tdn trpng h?nh phiDc, phCic M h ^ phip cOa ngudi khic bing thii d$ cd trich nhl^mdD

6 Th6 hien thi^n cim,

quan t i m trong quan h£ x i h^i v i l^c quan trudccudcsdng(12)

7 Tdn trong vi qui trong cic gii trj hda blnh, phit trl€n b€n vCimgxihdl(13)

1

; KiningsJngvi

^r'-'^kSh^l Social/UvlngSMIIi

1 Giio ti^p hi^u qui trong cic d^ng quan

M x i hdi khic nhau

(14)

2 Tim d u ^ glii phip

cd tinh xiy di/ng t r u ^ cic bit ddng v i xung ddtxiyra(15)

3 Ra quyft d|nh v i giii quy^t cic vin d£

x i hdi cOa mlnh v i cOa ngudi khic khi hd trohpOe)

4 Nim bit thdi CO v i

t | n di^ng d u ^ hd tro

x i hdi hay cOa ngUdI khic (17)

5 Khdi xudng v i duy tri cic quan h$ x i h^i cOa mlnh v i cOa nhdm(18)

6.Chi:id$ngviki£ntr1 hpc t i p d^ phit tri^n

c i nhin (19)

7 Lim v i ^ nhdm v i cdng tic hi6u q u i vdi ngudi khic (20)

V M chfnh m l n h

1 Nh^n thijtc v i ijfng xCf vdi bin thin

1.1 C i m nh^n

diing v4 chfnh

mlnh 1.2 ThCra n h i n sijfc m^nh, nhu c i u , g i i trj cOa mlnh 1.3 Cim nhin di/(;c inh hudng c i nhin cda mlnh d^n chinh mlnh 1.4 N h i n ra v i thCra n h i n nhCrng xOc c i m , tinh c i m cda mlnh

2 T I / q u i n If h i n h

vi, t h i i d $ cda mlnh 2.1 K i l m s o i t xung dOng v i t i m tr^ng

b i t 6 n trong chlnh mlnh

2.2 Ch^ ngi/ stress

v i nhCfng r6l lo^n

c i nhin

2 3 T I / C 6 V U vigiCf

kl luit c i nhin cho mlnh

2.4.Xiclipvithvrc hi^n mgc dfch s6ng v i lim v i ^ cda mlnh

2.5 Cic kl ning t6 churc c u ^ s6ng c i nhin

Vdi c^ng d6ng

x i h ^ l

1 N h i n thdc v i

i j r n g x d v d i x i h ^ l 1.1 L^c quan, hudng tdl trl^n vpng t 6 t d?p 1.2 Thi^n c i m vdi mpi ngudi v i ddi sdng chung 1.3 Ki ning ling nghe v i ddi thoai 1.4 Tdn trpng g i i

trj cua i\f da d^ng

x i h ^ i

15 Tdn trpng

nhCrng ngudi khic

2 Cic ki ning quan h$ v i tuong tic x i hdi

2.1.Giao t i ^ x i h ^ i 2.ZThamgiasuki^

23.Xiydungviphit tii&i cic quan h$

2.4 Lim vi#c h ^ tic

2.5 Cic kl ning thuong lu^ng, hda giii

2.6 C i c ki n i n g khudc tCr, chdi tCr

k h i c i n 2.7 Quin II v i giii quy&xungd^t 2.8 Tim kilm v i

cung c i p SI; hd xnf

ngudi khic

G i i i q u y ^ t v J n d J

v i ra quyet djnh

p h i n tog

1 G i i i q u y A v i n

d 4 X H 1.1 N h i n thdc

duoc v i n ai xa hOi

cda mlnh 1.2 Phin tich tinh hudng v i bdi cinh

1 J Giii quy6 vin d«

1.4 Dinh gii cich

l i m v i kA qui 1.5 Suy n g i m ,

pM p h i n v i dmh

hudng l^i 1.6 Chju trich

n h i ^ c i nhin,

t r i c h n h i ^ d^o dOrc v i x i h$i

2 Ra quyft dinh phin Omg vdi hoin cinh

2.1 Tir duy da phucmginviphin k)

22 DM doin hiu

q u i hoic nhCfng lite h^ phg thu^c khic nhau 23.Ti^pnhin,xCrll

v i quin 11 thdng tin 2.4 Ap dung thdng tin trong suy ngh? vi phin doin si/vi^c

23 Ra quy^ djnh d\f phdng hay

phdng ngda

4 To chufc ndi dung d cac cap hoc

Cic nhdm thanh to nang liic xa hoi chgng (mot dang g i i trj khii q u i t trong no! dung hoc van pho thdng) tam thdi cd the duoc to chCfc trong chuong trinh giio due cac cap hoc theo logic ddng tim Tit c l nhOmg thanh t6 nay d^u can thiet cho moi hoc sinh pho thdng, chi khac nhau d mufc do thiic hi^n trong thifc t^ v l chieu sau, do on djnh cOa dinh hudng gia trj 20 thanh to nly deu phli dUgfc the hien trong hoc van pho thdng Chung tdi chon phuong an to chufc noi dung theo Khung quan he

x l hdi

2*Sli70-THANG7/2011

NGHllN COU

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4.1 Noi dung h9c vin

pho thong ciia Giao due

cor$*

The hi&n trong mdi trUdng

gin gui dja phuong

NhCrng quy tic, tip quin

cythe

Trong pham vl hoc tip, ddi

song gia dinh, cdng c^ng

dia phuong

Tim nhin den tuong lai

gin nhU: hoc tip, chpn

nghe

Trong ph?im vi mdi trudng

gin gui dja phuong

Ngudn c^i ddng hp qu§

huong

Cim nhin nhufng inh

hudng de thiy v i tri/c tiep

Cim nhin nhCfng inh

hudng de thiy va true tiep

Trong ddi song xa hoi qudc

gia

Trong cong ddng gin gui,

dia phuong

Tdn trong thuc sif va biet

qui gii

Vdi cac quan he va sir kien

xa hoi gin gui, true tiep d

dia phuong

Cic vin de dao dure, phip

luit trong ddi xd vdi mdi

trudng v i moi ngudi xung

quanh

Trong cic quan hf hoc

tip, gia dinh, sinh hoat c i

nhin, ban b^

Cic xung ddt tUOng ufng

vdi liifa tu6i v i vdi trong

nhCfng quan h$ die trUng

eda \<ia tudi

Ra quyet cHnh v i giii quy^t

vin d^ xa hdi cd tinh eye bp

vdi Sif ho trp cda ngudi Idn

Nim bit v i sd dgng cd ich

y ^nh v i hinh ddng ho trp

cda ban b^, ngudi thin,

nhi trudng

Quan h$ x i hpi phCi hpp

vdi die trung Ida tudi v i

trong mdi trudng gin gui

dja phuong

4.2 Noi dung hoc vin phi thdng sau Giio d^c cat sd

Thi hi^n trong mdi trudng

xa h$i rpng Idn NhCfng qui tic, tip quin khii quit

Md rdng hon trong mpi mdi trudng xa hOi r$ng Idn

Tim nhin din tuong lai xa din khi trudng thinh v i lao ddng nghl nghif p Thi hifn trong mdi trudng

x i hdi rdng Idn T6 qudc, qudc gia, din tdc,

t h i gidi Cim nhin siu sic v i vCfng chic

Cim nhin siu sic v i vCfng chic

Trong ddi song qudc gia v i qudetl

Trong cdng ddng qudc gia

v i qudc te xung quanh Tdn trpng thuc su va biet qui gia

Vdi cac quan he va su ki^n

xa hdi qudc gia v i qudc t l rdng Idn

Vdi mpi vin d l cda hda blnh

v i phit triln bin vCrng eda dit nude v i loii ngUdi

Trong cic quan h$ chinh trj,

x i hdi, vin hda, kinh t l cda dit nude

Cic xung ddt da dang trong cudc sdng c i nhin, gia dinh, quan h^xa hdi ngUdi Idn

Ra quylt djnh v i giii quylt vin d i xa hdi da dang mdt cich dpe lip

Nim bit v i sd dgng cd ich

t i t c i cic ngudn ho trp tCrxi hOi v i ngudi khie

Quan hf x i hOi rOng Idn

v i trong nhCfng hoin cinh khic nhau d ph^m vi toin

qudc

19

20

Hpc t i p d l phit triln c i nhin v i vl tUong lai thinh cdng gin

Lim v i ^ nhdm v i cdng tic trong hpc tip, vui choi, sinh hoat, giii tri trong hoin cinh eg t h i gin gui

Hpc t i p d l phit trien ca nhin v i vl tuong lai ci ddi mlnh

Lim vi?c nhdm v i cdng tie trong mpi Unh vgc mi mlnh tham gia d cic hoin cinh khie nhau

5 Ket luan 5.1 Ning life x l hdi gdm 20 thinh to khic nhau

v l cd nhCfng mCfc 6g th^ hien tuy thudc vIo lufa tuoi

hoc sinh ph6 thdng Od I I d i l u ein lifu y trong phit trien chuong trinh giio due

5.2 Ning life xa hdi duoc hieu theo nghTa thife ti^n, ehuf khdng phli theo nghTa t i m If hoc No I I sif the hien tich hop cic sifc manh t i m If, sinh hoc v l x l hdi eCia eon ngudi trong cle quan h§ eija con ngudi vdi nhOfng hien tifong, qua trinh x l hdi

5.3 Ning life x l hdi I I bd phan quan trong khdng th^ thieu trong ndi dung hoe van pho thdng

v l d l y chfnh I I khiu yeu nhit trong cle chuong trinh giio due d nifde ta trude day m l ngly nay can phli triet de khic phuc

TAILIIUTHAMKHAO

1 Amy G Halbestadt, Susanne A Denham, Julie

C Dunsmore (2001) Affective Social Competence,

North Carolina State University, USA

2 Goleman, Daniel (1998) Working with

Emotional Intelligence; Bloomsbury

3 Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence,

Apr 06, 2001 by Janet A Welsh, Ph.D and Karen L Bierman, Ph.D The Pennsylvania State University

4 German Council for Social and Economic Data

(2009) Measuring Social Competencies Working

Paper No 58

5 A! Davis (2009) Building Social Competencies

Kansas State University Research and Extension USA

SUMMARY

Social skills are important content of the general school knowledge, and according to the author this

is the weakest part of the old school curriculum In this article, the author gives concepts of social skills, analysis of social skill framework by school children and proposes the content of social skill for all levels ofschool

KHOAH9CGiAODUC«3