28 TAP CHf PHAT T R I ^ N NHAN Li;C, S6l(27) 2012 TUf Tl/ Tl/dNG Hd CHi MINH v i GIAO D\fC NGHI o i N V X N Oi D 6 | Mdi GIAO DUG H | £ N NAY d NjaC TA NGUYEN LONG GIAO T| ong di sin ttf tifdng Ho[.]
Trang 128 TAP CHf P H A T T R I ^ N N H A N Li;C, S6l(27)-2012
TUf Tl/ Tl/dNG Hd CHi MINH v i GIAO D\fC NGHI o i N V X N Oi D 6 | Mdi GIAO DUG
H | £ N N A Y d N j a C TA
NGUYEN LONG GIAO<'>
T|-ong di sin ttf tifdng Ho CM Minh, ttf gdm cde van dd mang tinh vT md nhtf: vi fri, vai
Itfdng vd gido due ludn cd f ngMa \f frd cua gido due; tinh chit gido due; muc dich
Man vd tiitfc tidn sau sic ddi vdi stf he tiidng gido due; nguydn 1^, nguydn tic gido ngMdp cdch mang Viet Nam Dd Id stf ke tiitfa due; quin I^ gido due Van dd mang tinh vi md nhiftig ttf Itfdng tid'n bd cda cdc nhd vdn hda, nhtf: muc dich nhan cdch; ddng cd hpc tip; noi gido due di trtfdc Id thdnh qui cda stf kdt hdp dung gido due day bpe; phtfdng phdp gido diK tinh td giffa tmh hoa vdn hod ddn tdc vdi vdn day hpc; hinh tiitfc td chtfc gido due day hpc hda nhdn loai, mang dam hdi thd cda cudc sdng Vd nhiftig van dd Udn quan dein didu kidn, nwi
De ddng nhan ra ring giffa 1^ Man gido due vd tiifdng gido due, dd id: dpi ngfl gido vidn; tap thtfc tien gido due frong ttf ttfdng gido due cda the hpc sinh, gia dinh vd xa hdi Do vay, dd Ngtfdi ludn cd stf thdng nhlt hihi cd, khdng tdeh ngMdn ctfU sau vdo cau trdc, bin chat, cdc vlui rdi nhau, htfdng tdi muc tidu xdy dtfng vd phdt de tix)ng ttf ttfdng Hd CM Minh vd gido due, ddi tridn mdt ndn gido due Viet Nam todn dipn, ddn hdi cdng stfc cua nMdu ngtfdi, phii tidn hdnh chd, nhan vdn Men dai, phdt huy hdt nhffhg ndng Idu ddi Trong pham vi hep cda minh, ehdng tdi life sin cd cda con ngtfdi, ttf ttfdng ly cdn Id kim cM dd cap dd'n mdt sd' vlh dd:
cM nam cho vide thtfc Men cdng eude ddi mdi Thff nhd't, vi muc dich gido due: Trong sudt
gido due vd cMdh Itfdc phdt trien con ngtfdi cda cupc ddi cda minh, Chd tich Hd CM Minh ludn Viet Nam giai doan Men nay mong mud'n cho dan tpc, nhdn dan ta cd cudc Chd tich Hd CM Minh dd dtfa ra quan didm sd'ng I'm no, ttf do, hanh phdc Chinh vi vdy,
gido due hdt stfc sdu sic vd mdi md, nd dtfdc muc dich trong tdm vd xuydn sudt ttf ttf^g gido
xem nhtf mpt he thdng nhffhg yd'u td tifdng dhg due Ho CM Minh Id tit ci vi eon ngtfdi, cho con vdi nhflhg pham tiii frong gido due hpc, cd Udn ngtfdi, nhim xdy difhg eon ngtfdi mdi - eon ngtf^ quan mat tMd't vdi nhau, nhim chi dao vide xd hpi chd ngMa Tuy nMdn, do ydu ciu cda ngMdn cdti 1^ luan vd cii tao thtfc tidn gido due mdi thdi ky cdch mang khdc nhau, Ngtfdi da dl Viet Nam, md theo cdc tdi Udu Men cd, nd bao ra nMem vu gido due khdc nhau cho phd hc^ ^
mdi giai doan Ching ban: trong thdi k^^ chuin
n ThS., Hifeu trudng tri/dng THCS Khdnh Binh, ^^ ^"^ ^P ^ ^ " S , muc « c h gido due cda Ngtfdi
Qudn 8, Thdnh phd Hd Chf Minh Id t i p trung vdo vide tiien khai edc Idp h u l h luydn
Trang 2NGUY§N LONG GIAO - T U TU T U 6 N G H 6 CHf MINH 29
lai Quing Chau, Trung Qud'c nhim ndng cao ra, cin phii hpc 1^ Man Mdc Ldnin, kd't hdp
tiinh dp nhan thtfc cho cdn bp vd con dtfdng vdi dd'u franh, giii quyd't nhffhg cdng vide hdng
cdch mang Viet Nam vd cdch mang thd' gidi ngdy phii luydn tdi, rdn dtfc, md dac bidt Chd
Dd'n giai doan todn qud'c khdng chie'n vd xay tich Hd CM Minh nbin manh tdi gido due dao
dtfhg ndn dan chd, tM Ngtfdi kdu gpi sda ddi dtfc Ngtfdi ndi "day cQng nhtf hpc Id phii bid't
gido due cho phd hdp vdi vide ddo lao nhdn tdi chd frpng c i tdi vd dtfc", dtfc dtfdc coi nhtf Id
khdng cMen kid'n qudc, gido due tap tnmg phuc "edi gdc" cda cdy, "ngudn" cda sdng, ndu khdng
vu khdng cMdn kid'n qudc Btfdc sang giai doan cd dtfc tM ngtfdi cd tdi cdng vd dung Do dd,
each mang xa hpi chd ngMa d midn Bic, muc theo Ngtfdi: "Ngtfdi cdch mang phii cd dao dtfc,
dich gido due lai gin Udn vdi tinh binh mdi, dd nd'u khdng cd dao dtfc dd ldi gidi dd'n miy cdng
la thdi k5^ rlt cin nhffhg con ngtfdi ldm chd xa khdng lanh dao dtfdc nhdn dan"'^' Didu dd cd
hpi, ldm chd sin xuat, bid't quin 1^ cd quan, xi ngMa Id, gido due dao dtfc phii ddnh tfu tidn
ngMdp, trtfdng bpc Vd kM da't ntfdc ta da dtfdc nMeu vd npi dung, thdi gian, chtfdng trinh, kdt
dpc lap, dan ta da dtfdc tif do, thanh nidn da Id hdp gido due dao dtfc vdi cdc khoa hpc khdc dd
ngtfdi Idm chd dd't ntfdc, Ngtfdi da cM rd muc hodn iMdn nhan cdch con ngtfdi xa hpi chd ngMa
dich cda vide hpc do la: Hpc dd ldm vide, ldm Thii ba Id vi phuang phdp gido due: Tuy Chd
ngtfdi, lam cdn bd Hpc dd phung stf Dodn the, tich Hd CM Minh khdng dd lai cho chdng ta mpt
"giai cap va nhan dan To qudc vd nhdn loai"*'', ldc pham, mdt he thd'ng 1^ luan vd phtfdng phdp
rlt diing vdi muc tidu gido due cda thd' ky XXI gido due, nhtfng nhffng vide lam thie't thtfc,
dd Id: "Hpc dd bid't, hpc dd lam vide, hpc de nhiftig bdi vidt ngin gpn, sdc tich cda Ngtfdi da
sdng vdi nhau va bpc dd tdn tai" ham chtfa cdc phtfdng phdp giao due mlu mtfc
Thii Irni, vi ndi dung gido due: De xay dtfng Ngtfdi ld'y nguydn tie thd'ng nha't giffa 1^ luan
xa hdi chu ngMa theo Chd tich Hd CM Minh: va thtfc tien lam nguydn tac cd ban cho vide
"Mudn cd xa hdi chd ngMa, phii cd con ngtfdi xay dtfhg cac phtfdng phap ve giao due Nguydn
xa hdi chd ngMa, mud'n ed ngtfdi xa hdi chd tie ndy dtfdc Ngtfdi sd dung frong vide giao due
ngMa, phii ed ttf ttfdng xa hdi chd ngMa"^\ dao can bp, ding vidn, tiianh iMd'u mdn, cdng nhdn,
tao con ngtfdi xa hdi chd ngMa khdng cd con ndng ddn, bp dpi, tri tiitfc, hpc sinh, sinh vida
dtfdng nao khac ngoai giao due tri thtfc khoa Nd dtfdc coi nhtf "kim cM nam" de ldng dan
hpc, 1^ ttfdng, dao dtfc xa hdi chd ngMa, nhim nhdn thtfc, hanh ddng vd bdi dtfdng tinh than
phat tridn con ngtfdi todn didn frong thdi dai mdi ydu ntfdc cho td't c i mpi ngtfdi Hdn nffa, nguydn
Chin vi vay, Chd tich Hd CM Mmh cho ring: ndi tic ndy ed tinh chit quyd't dinh frong vide chuyen
dung gido due phii tdng hdp tri thtfc nMeu Hnh htfdng gido due vd frd thdnh dac tnftig cda ndn
vtfc nhtf van hda, chinh tri, the chat, khoa hpc giao due xa hdi chd ngMa Ngtfdi nhd'n manh:
ky thuat, qudn stf, dao dtfc each mang, 1;^ ttfdng "Hpc vdi hdnh phii di ddi Hpc md khdng hdnh
each mang, xdy dtfhg ndjp sdng vdn hda Dong tM vd ich, hdnh md khdng hpc iM hanh khong
flidi, frang bi, cung d p kidn thtfc, phdt trien ndng frdi chiy "^'*\
life ttf duy, md mang tii Md; tang ctfdng gido due Trong gido due, theo Chd tich Ho CM Minh,
chinh tri ttf Wdng, dao dtfc cdch mang cho ngtfdi cin cd phtfdng phdp phd hdp vdi didu kidn gido
hpc, mudn vay ndi dimg day bpc phii tiieo htfdng due vd dd'i ttfdng gido due Gido due phii can
"day thiit thuc, chu ddo han tham nhiiu" Ngodi ctf vdo "tiinh dp vdn hda, thdi quen sinh boat,
trinh dp gide ngd, kinh ngMdm franh diu, ldng
(^> H6 Chf Minh Toan tdp t.5 Nxb Chfnh tri qu6c
gia, Hd N6i, 2002, tr.462, 684 (3) H6 Chf Minh Toan t^p t.9 Nxb Chfnh tri quoc
<2) H6 Chf Minh Toan tdp t.9 Nxb Chfnh tri qu6c gia, Hd N6i, 2002, tr.293
gia, Ha N6i, 2002, tr.296 <") Ho Chf Minh Sdd., t.6 tr.50
Trang 330 NGUYEN LONG GIAO - T U T U T U S N G H 6 CHf MINH
ham, f mud'n linh hinh thiet thtfc cda quin
chdng"''^' Cin cd phtfdng phdp td chdc gido due
sao cho bio dim dtfdc stf phd hdp giffa didu
kidn, hodn cinh gido due vdi dd'i ttfdng gido due
Ngtfdi viet: "Cdng nhdn ndng ddn ban ldm dn,
nd'u day khdng hdp vdi ngtfdi hpc, vdi lam dn,
bli phii dd'n Idp cd bdn c6 ghd' Id khdng dn
thua Phii tdy theo hodn canh ldm an md id chtfc
hoc mdi duy fri dtfdc liu ddi mdi c6 kd't qui
ldi"'" Chu lich Hd CM Minh ddc Met coi trpng
vice ket hdp cac Mnh tiitfc giao due, khdng luypt
ddi bod bat ctf mpi hinh thtfc gido due ndo Ngtfdi
viet: "(fido due dd frong nhd tiifdng cd td'l miy
nhffhg tiiid'u gido due frong gia dinh vd ngodi xa
hpi thi ke't qui cQng khdng hodn todn" Cudc
ddi vd stf nghiep cua Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ludn
Id tam gtfdng sdng cho mpi ngtfdi noi theo Trong
cupc sdng, frong vide ldm, Chd tich Ho CM Minh
ludn la ngtfdi di diu, cMnh phtfdng phdp ldm
gtfdng Id mpi bidn phdp hffu Mdu nha't frong vide
thd'ng nha't giffa ldi ndi vd vide ldm Ngtfdi day:
"Minh phii ldm gtfdng, ging ldm gtfdng frong
anh em, vd kM di cdng tie, ging ldm gtfdng cho
dan Lam gtfdng vd ci ba mat: tinh thin, vat chat
vd vdn bda"'^' Dd'i vdi Chd tich Hd CM Minh,
lit ci cde phtfdng phdp gido due nhtf phtfdng
phdp dd'i thoai, phtfdng phdp bpe di ddi vdi hanh
If Man gin vdi thifc tien, phtfdng phdp ldm
gtfdng, phtfdng phdp kd't hdp giffa gia dinh, nhd
trtfdng vd xa hdi deu nhim muc dich "ndu
cao tdc phong dde lap suy ngM vd ttf do tif ttfdng ",
nang cao nhdn thtfc, chit Itfdng vd Mdu qui gido
due Cdc phtfdng phdp ndy vtfa mang tinh truyen
thd'ng, lai vffa Men dai, vffa hp thdng, khoa hoc,
lai vffa cu tiid, tMd't tiitfc, ludn gin vdi ddi sdng
vd thdi dai
Phii nhin nhan ring tiidi gian qua, dtfdi stf ldnh
dao cua Ding, nhd stf nS life cda tiily cd gido,
cda cde em hpc sinh, cda nhan dan, cda cdc cd
quan vd chinh quydn cdc cap, ehdng ta da dat
dtfdc nhffng thdnh ttfu vd gido due hd't stfc to
Idn: "C^y md gido due tid'p tiie dtfdc phdt tiidn
<=' H6 Chf Minh Sdd., t.5 tr.248
(«) H 6 Chf Minh Sdd., t.8 tr.206
<^ Ho Chf Minh Sdd., t.4 tr.150
Dd'n ndm 2010, ill ci cde tinh, tiidnh ph^dd dat chuin phd cdp gido due tiling bpc ed sd T^ 16 lao ddng qua ddo tao tdng, ndm 2010 dat 40% ldng sd lao ddng dang ldm vide"'*" vd dang phlh diu phd cap trd mim non 5 tudi; cd sd vdt chit nhd Irtfdng ngdy cdng khang trang vd Mdn dai, nhidu ldi ndng da dtfdc phdt tiidn khdng cM vang danh trong ntfdc md cdn ra ci Ihd^ gidi Gido due ntfdc nhd da gdp phim ldm tdt vide chdm sdc, gido due thd^ hd tr^ ngay ttf tudi thd lu cho ddn ldc tnfdng thdnh, nhim phdt tridn todn didn con ngtfdi Vidl Nam vd dtfc, tri, thd, my, ky ndng,
nghd nghidp Qny md gido due, ddo tao ngdy
cdng md rdng, Iffng btfdc bio dim chit Itfdng ddo lao ngudn nhdn life (dpi ngfl lao ddng mdi), phd hdp vdi ydu cau lao ddng Irong ndn kinh id thi trtfdng dinh htfdng xa hdi chd ngMa hdi nhdp qud'c td gdp phin ndng cao dan tri, ddo lao nhan life, bdi dtfdng nhan tdi cho dat ntfdc Tuy nMdn, bdn canh nhffng thdnh ttfU da dat dtfdc Gido due vd ddo tao Men nay cdn tdn tai khdng
it ban che, bat cap "Chat Itfdng gido due vd d^o tao chtfa ddp dhg yeu elu phdt tridn, nhat Id d^o tao ngudn nhan ltfc trinh dp cao van cdn ban chd'; chtfa ehuyen manh sang ddo tao theo nhu elu cda xd bdi Chtfd giai quyd't tdt mdi quan he giffa ldng so Itfdng, quy md vdi nang cao chat Itfdng, gifld day chff vd day ngtfdi Chtfdng tiinh, ndi dung, phtfdng phdp day va hpc lac hau, doi mdi chdm; ed cd'u gido due khdng hdp 1^ giifa cdc Hnh vifc, ngdnh nghd ddo tao; chat Itfdng gido due todn didn giim sdt, chtfa ddp dhg dtfdc ydu elu eua stf ngMdp cdng ngMdp hda Wen dai hda C^in 1^ nhd ntfdc vd gido due ddo tao cdn bat cap Xu htfdng thtfdng mai hda vd sa siit dao dtfc trong gido due khic phuc cdn cham, Mdu qui tiid'p, dang ti^ thdnh ndi btfc xdc ciia
xa hpi"'^\ Nghi quyd't Dai hpi XI tidjp tiic xk
dinh: "Gido due vd ddo tao ed stf mdnh ndng cao ddn tri, phdt trien ngudn nhdn life, bdi diftig
<•> Ban Tuyfen gido Trung uong, 2011, Tdi li$u hoc tdp - Cdc vdn kidn Dai hdi dai biSu todn qudc lin thO
XI cda Ding (ddng cho cdn bd, ding vi§n dcdsd,
Nxb Chfnh tri qu6c gia - Su that, Hd N6i, tr 88
<« Ddng C6ng sdn Vi§t Nam Vdn ki$n Dal hdi d$i
Trang 4NGUYEN LONG GIAO T U TU TU(5NG H 6 CHf MINH 31
nhan tdi, gdp phan quan trpng phdt trien dd't
ntfdc, xdy diftig ndn vdn hda vd con ngtfdi Viet
Nam Phdt tridn gido due vd dao tao cdng vdi
phat tridn khoa hpc vd cdng nghd Id qudic sdeh
hang diu; dau ttf cho gido due vd ddo lao Id diu
ttf cho phdt tridn" De gido due vd ddo tao gdp
phin quan frpng phdt tridn ngudn nhan life, Dai
hpi XI di ra quan didm: "Ddi mdi cdn bin, todn
didn ndn gido due Viet Nam theo htfdng chuan
hda Men dai hda, xd hdi hda vd hdi nhdp qudc
td, frong dd ddi mdi ed che quin 1^ gido due vd
ddo tao, phdt tridn dpi ngQ gido vidn vd cdn bp
quin 1^ Id khau then chdt Tdp trung nang cao
chat Itfdng gido due, ddo lao, coi frpng gido due
dao dtfc, ldi sd'ng, ndng life sdng tao, ky ndng
thtfc hdnh, khi ndng lap ngMdp Doi mdi cd che
tai chinh gido due Doi mdi manh me npi dung,
chtfdng hinh, phtfdng phdp day vd hpc"'^°'
De van dung ttf frfdng Ho cM Minh ve gido
due vdo thtfc tien dtfdc thudn ldi, ddi hdi cin
phii ddi mdi ddng thdi va ddng bp frdn tat c i
cdc yeu to cau thanh cda boat dpng gido due:
Mdt Id, ve muc tieu, can phii b i o dim tinb
toan didn (dtfc, tri, the, nu, ), phii ddi mdi con
ngtfdi khoa bing thanh con ngtfdi thtfc td'; thay
nhdi nhet kid'n thtfc ban lam thanh nang cao ndng
life lam chd cupc sdng; tff ed chd' dpc quydn vdi
tiihg boat ddng ddn le chuydn sang phuc vu xa
hpi, canh franh da dang vdi tinh thin hdp tac,
thdn tMen Ndi each khdc, muc tidu gido due,
dao tao phii dtfdc didu chinh theo htfdng dd cao
tinh Mdu qui tiud't thtfc Sin pham cda giao due,
dao tao phii ddp tfng dtfdc ydu elu phdt trien
kinh td' - xa hdi cda dd't ntfdc trong didu kidn
kinh td' thi trtfdng vd hpi nhap qudc td Men nay
Gido due vd dao tao khdng cM la ndng cao dan
tii, ddo tao nhdn life, bdi dtfdng nhdn tdi, md
didu quan frpng Id phii dao tao ra nhiftig con
ngtfdi phdt tridn loan didn, ed dao dtfc, tri thtfc,
stfc khoe, tham my ma frong do "day ngtfdi" Id
biSu toan qudc lin thd XI, Nxb Chfnh tri quoc gia
-Sir that, Ha N6i, 2011, tr.167, 168
<^'" Dang Cong san Vi§t Nam Van ki$n Dai hdi dai
biiu todn qudc lin thd XI, Nxb Chinh trj qu6c gia
-Su that Ha Noi, 2011, tr.216, 217
hd't stfc quan frpng, nd bao hdm c i muc tidu lan ndi dung vd phtfdng phdp gido due Vi thd', "day ngtfdi" phii trd thdnh ttf ttfdng xuydn sud't cM dao mpi boat dpng, mpi Hnh vtfc Udn quan ddn gido due vd ddo lao, phii trd thdnh nMem vu cda todn ding, todn dan chd khdng ridng gi cua cdc nhd gido hay cdc bac cha me Ndi cdch khdc, phii gin day chff, day nghd vdi day ngtfdi Do
dd, be thd'ng kid'n thtfc gido due vd ddo tao cin thtfc Men theo phtfdng cham cd bin Men dai, tMd't thtfc, bdm sdt ydu elu phdt tridn kinh td
xa hpi cda da't ntfdc vd xu thd' tid'n bp cda thdi dai
Hai Id, ve ndi dung chuang trinh can phii
phong phd, todn didn, lly chat Itfdng ldm cd't dd phat frien con ngtfdi todn didn c i ve ddc, tri, the, my, Mud'n vay, ndi dung phii dim bio tinb nhdn dan, dan tpc Men dai, khoa hpc; tinh
he thd'ng, Udn tuc cda qua trinh day hpc, bao gdm he thdng tri thde, ky nang, ky xio, phtfdng phap boat ddng sang tao; dim bio tinh vffa stfc, phd hdp vdi ddc didm Ida Moi, tinh viftig chlc frong day bpc Do dd, cin phii ddi mdi tff phan hda theo mdn hpc thanh tich bdp theo muc tidu dao tao; giim 1^ thuydt tff chtfdng, tang ctfdng thtfc te; ddi mdi manh me tff nha trtfdng khep
km, gd bd sang giao due xa hpi, md rdng cda tiifdng dtfa nha trtfdng tham nhap vao cupc sdng Giao due va dao tao khdng cM frang bi cbo ngtfdi hpc nhffhg kid'n thtfc thuan My vd khoa bpc, ky thuat, cdng nghd, chuydn mdn nghd ngMdp, ma cdn c i nhffhg kid'n thtfc vd van hda, nhffhg gid tri nhan vdn sau sic cda con ngtfdi Viet Nam,
gido due ldng ydu ntfdc, f cM vtfdn ldn, khdng
cam chiu ddi nghdo, lac bau ngay tff kM cdn nhd, phii gido due linh thin lao ddng, trdch
nMdm cdng dan, f thtfc ddn tdc, frang bi cho
ngtfdi hpc vd'n Mdu bid't vd mdi trtfdng sinh thai,
vd vdn hda phdp luat vd van hda dan chd, chuin
bi cho hp tam 1^, thdi quen sd'ng vd lam vide theo phdp Mat, nhim tao ra nhffhg con ngtfdi cd nhdn each phd hdp vdi ydu elu phat tiidn da't ntfdc Dao dtfc la yd'u td cd bin dem lai stfc khde tinh thin, tao mdi trtfdng xa hpi lanh manh de phat tridn con ngtfdi, vi vay gido due dao dtfc
Trang 532 NGUYEN LONG GIAO - T U TU TUdNG H 6 CHf MINH
phii Id bd phan tMd't yd'u frong npi dung gido
due Hdn thd' nffa, ndi dung gido due cin khai
thde cde gid tri truydn tiid'ng, bin sle ddc trtfng
cda con ngtfdi, ddn tpc Vidl Nam trong qud trinh
giing day, truydn bd tri thtfc cho thd he trd, cho
ngtfdi lao dpng ching ban nhtf: tinh quit ctfdng
bit khud'l frong cMdn dd'u chd'ng ngoai xdm; cin
cd, chiu thtfdng chiu khd frong lao ddng sin xult;
tiet kidm frong tidu ddng, giin di trong ldi sdng;
dodn kd't gidp dd nhau frong quan he cdng ddng,
bam hpc, coi frpng stf hpc, "ldn stf frpng dao"
Tuy nMdn, dang ldn tai mpi thtfc td' ddng budn
Id do chiu stf tie dpng bdi mat frdi cua cd chd thi
trtfdng, nhiftig gid tri tniyen thd'ng ldt dep cua
ddn ldc dang cd nguy cd bi mai mot bi ldng qudn,
nhat Id d ling Idp thanh nidn Ddnh mdt bin sic
vdn hod, ddnh mat tiiiydn thd'ng ddng ngMa vdi
vide mdt di lit ci, do vay, nMdm vu bio tdn vd
phdt huy cdc gid tri truyen thdng bin sic ddc
trtfng, con ngtfdi, cda dan tpc Viet Nam Id nMdm
vu cda tat c i mpi ngtfdi chdng ta Kinh ngMdm
Ueh sd cho thd'y, mud'n dat Mdu qui gido due td't
iM phii bid't khai thde edc gid tii truydn thd'ng
mpt cdch tdng hdp, ed kd' thtfa, ed cdch tan, sao
cho muc (Beh dat tdi Id ddp dhg dtfdC ydu elu
eua thtfc tiln, ngMa Id dim bio tinh truydn thd'ng
nhtfhg phii cdch tan Men dai Ching ban, bdn
canh vide gido due con ngtfdi Viet Nam sd'ng ed
tinh, cd ngMa, ddm bpc chd che, gidp dd lan
nhau, tM cdng cin phii gido due hp phong cdch
sd'ng Men dai, cd ldc phong cdng ngMdp, bidl
lao ddng cin cd di ddi vdi tinh todn khoa hpc
frong sin xult Idm dn, bid't sin xud't kinh doanh,
budn bdn gidi, tidt kidm frong cM tidu, frdnh xa
hoa lang pM, Nhtf vay, mudn cho con ngtfdi cd
dd ndng life vd phim chit cin tiud't, tiiich dhg
dtfdc vdi didu kidn Men nay vd c i frong ttfdng
Iai, tM ndi dung gido due phii dtfdc dinh htfdng
dly du tiieo cdc muc tidu: kinh Id', xa hdi, ky
tiiudt, nhdn vdn, cMnh tii vd phdt tiidn nhffng
dinh htfdng gid tri cd bin nhim xdy dtfng vd
hodn tMen he tiling gid tii con ngtfdi Viet Nam
frong tiidi dai mdi, gidu Idng ydu ntfdc, tif ctfdng
ddn tdc, phan dau vi dde lap dan toe vd chd
ngMa xa hpi, ed f cM vtfdn len, dtfa di't ntfdc
thodt khdi nghdo ndn, lac hau, dodn kd't vdi nhdn ddn Ihd' gidi trong stf ngMdp dd'u tranh vi hda binh, dpc lap ddn tpc, ddn chd vd tid'n bd xd hdi,
cd f thde ldm chd, frdch nMdm cdng ddn, f tiitfc
Idp thd, dodn kd't, phin dd'u vi ldi ich chung; c6 tri thi'fc, thtfdng xuydn hpc lap, nang cao Mdu
bidt, trinh dd chuydn mdn, tiinh dd tfilm mf; c6
stfc khde; cd vdn hda nghd nghidp, lao dpng chdm cM, ed k5' thuat, sdng lao, ndng suit cao vi ldi ich cda bin thdn, gia dinh, tdp tiid vd xa hdi,
cd khi ndng sdng tao vd tfhg diing khoa hpc cdng nghd vdo qud trinh lao ddng sin xult vd
quin 1^; cd ldi sdng ldnh manh, nd'p s6ng vdn
minh, sd'ng cd ngMa tinh, cd tinh tiiln qudic td chdn chinb, cin kidm, trung thtfc, nhdn ngMa, ldn frpng k^ ctfdng phdp ntfdc, quy tfdc cua c^g
ddng, cd f thde bio vd vd cii tMen mdi tiifdng
sinh thdi Cung cin quan tdm thdm ddn v ^ de gin npi dung gido diie phd thdng vdi gido due nghd ngMdp; tri thtfc hdn lam vdi tri thtfc chuy^ mdn, lao ra stf Udn kdt, phdi hdp chat che gifla khoa hpc, cdng nghd vd thtfc tien cudc sdng, nhim pbtic vu tMdt thtfc cho stf ngMdp cdng ngMdp hda Men dai hda dll ntfdc
Ba Id, vi phuang phdp, cin sd dung mdt cdch
phd bidn vd tridt de edc phtfdng phdp gido due
vd ddo tao tidn tid'n theo htfdng kdt hdp Men dai vdi truydn Ihdng, nd bao gdm nMdu con dtfdng, cdch Ihtfc, bidn phdp, nhtfng phtfdng phdp c6 Mdu qui cao, phd bid'n nhd't dd Id Men qud binh ddo tao tiidnh qud trinh tif ddo lao Flitfdng phdp ndy cd tdc dting kich tMch tinh chd ddng tich ctfc, tilde dly stf phdt tiidn tii Me vd khai tiidc khi ndng sdng lao cda ngtfdi hpc, gidp hp hinh tiidnh ndng life vd phtfdng phdp ttf duy khoa hpc Phtfdng phdp gido dtic phii tiud't tiitfc, lly tif hoe ldm cd't, hpc tap sudt ddi, ddng tiidi phii day cdch hpc cho ngtfdi hoc nhtf Chd tich Ho Chi Minh ttf rdt sdm da khlng dinh gido dtic phai ndng cao vd htfdng din vide tif hoc, ttf gido due cho ngtfdi hpc, "khdng phii cd tiily tiii hpc, tiily khdng dd'n tiii dda Phii bid't tif dpng hoc tap"^"^ Mat khdc, Mdu qui cda gido dtic, dao tao khdng
cM tinh bing Itfdng kid'n thtfc da tiuydn dat dtfdc
md chd yd'u dtfdc tinh bing stf phdt tridn ciia
Trang 6NGUYEN LONG GIAO - T U TU TUdNG H6 CHf MINH 33
nang ltfc sang tao, phtfdng phap tif duy khoa hpc,
khi nang bid'n tii thtfc tiidnh ky ndng lao dpng
Day la ndn ting vd phtfdng tidn quan frpng gidp
ngtfdi hpc dat Mdu qui cao khdng cM frong boat
dpng thtfc tien md c i qud frinh tid'p tiic ttf ddo
tao, cap nhat kid'n thtfc thtfdng xuydn sau ndy,
nd'u khdng mud'n Itit hau Mpt cdch thtfc gido
due khac gin day dtfdc dd cap dd'n dd Id khai
thae cac gia tri truyen thd'ng gia <£nh, ddng hp,
qud htfdng frong giao due thd' he trd Truydn
thdng dd cd thd la truyen thd'ng cdch mang, anh
hung bat khua't, la truydn thd'ng hpc hdnh, do
dat cao, la tmyen thd'ng sin xult kmh doanh gidi,
each thde gido diie d day Id khdi day d thd' he
fre mem ttf hdo chinh ddng vd Iruyen thdng td'l
dep cda gia fflnh, ddng hp, qud htfdng, qua dd
khuyd'n kMch f thtfc hpc lap, tu dtfdng, ren
luydn, de hp sd'ng, bpc tap vd lao dpng xdng
dang vdi truyen thd'ng cda gia dinh, ddng bp
qud htfdng, Nd'u bid't cdch khdi day, phdt huy
nhQhg gia tri Iruyen thd'ng d6 cda gia dinh, ddng
hp va Met each kich iMch vao danh dtf, ldng ttf
frpng ea nhan cda cac thanh vidn gia dinh, ddng
hp, tiii se gdp phan tao ndn gia dinh, nhffhg ddng
hp didn hinh frong tffng phtfdng didn bpc tap,
lam an, doan kd't cpng ddng Stfc manh cda mpt
qudc gia, suy cho cimg bat ngudn tff stfc manh
cda moi ca nhan, moi ddn vi xa hpi gdp lai Do
vay, ed thd ndi, frong bdi cinh phdt tridn kinh td
thi trtfdng dinh htfdng xa hdi chd ngMa d ntfdc
ta Men nay, stf gan kdt giao due dao dtfc vdi gin
giff ndp sdng van hda gia dinh truyen thdng cin
phii dtfdc xac dinh la nMdm vii mang linh cMd'n
ItfdC va cd f ngMa hd't stfc quan frpng khdng cM
ddi vdi cdng cudc phat tridn dlt ntfdc mdt cdch
ben vffng, ma cdn ddi vdi stf ngMdp xdy dtfhg
gia dinh van hda vd cMd'n Itfdc phdt tridn con
ngtfdi todn didn^^^^
Bdn la, vi to chiic qudn ly, ein dpng vidn ngtfdi
bpc ttf bpc, tif M dtfdng, rdn luydn, ttf quin dtfdi
stf htfdng din eua thay cd gido Ngoai ra, cQng
cin ddi mdi tff quan Udu bao elp sang cd che ttf
chd nhd trtfdng, khdng y lai vdo cap tren md
phii tao didu kidn cho cdn bp quin \f gido due, gido vidn sdng tao, thtfc Men quy chd' vdi f thtfc
td chtfc k;^ luat cao, ddng thdi de cao linh phd'i hdp chat che giffa boat dpng cd nhdn vd lap thd, xay dtfng mdi tiifdng gido dtic ldnh manh, dodn kd't, dan chu, binh ding, tifdng frd Chd tich Ho
CM Minh tffng nhic nhd: Ld nhd gido phai cd tinh than dodn kd't, ky Mat phdt huy dan chd,
dd Id md'i quan he gin bd giffa thiy vdi thay, thay vdi frd, can dodn ke't lodn thd nhd trtfdng thdnh mpt khdi, phdt huy cao dp tinh thin dan chd xa hpi chd ngMa, tao ndn stfc manh, phdt buy tinh ndng dpng, sang tao vd ddi mdi frong gido dtic Ngtfdi ndi: "Trong Irtfdng can cd dan
chu, dd'i vdi mpi van di, thiy vd frd cdng nhau
thio Man, ai cd van de gi deu that tiid phdt bidu, dieu gi chtfa thdng sud't iM hdi, ban cbo thdng sud't, dan chu nhiftig frd phii phii kinh thay, thiy phai qu^ trd, chtf khdng phai "Ca doi bang dau ""'">
Va frdn hd't, khdng the khdng kd dd'n do la yd'u to ngtfdi thay, chd'l Itfdng sin pham giao diic, dao lao phii thupc chu yd'u vao chat Itfdng cda dpi ngd nha giao Vi thd, can phii xay dtfng dtfdc dpi ngQ nhd giao dd vd so Itfdng, bio dam
ve chat Itfdng, cd frach nMdm va Itfdng tdm nghe ngMdp, tap trung tdm tri lo cho stf ngMdp giao dtic va ddo tao Dieu do ddi hdi, cin cd nhiftig chinh sdeh tich ctfc, dd'i vdi vide dao lao, sd dting dpi ngQ nha giao Ma trtfdc tidn la, nang cao mtfc sd'ng vd didu kidn ldm vide cho nha giao,
b i o dim cho ngtfdi thiy cd the lao dpng hd't minh vi stf ngMdp "frdng ngtfdi", nganh gido dtic ndn cd nhffng kid'n nghi ddi vdi trung tfdng xdy dtfhg vd didu cMnh lai he thd'ng thang bac Itfdng bdnh cMnh, stf ngMdp, cd nhQhg cMnh sdeh nang cao thu nhap cho nha gido ttf boat
HHHHIH6 Chf Minh Toan tap, t.6, Nxb Chinh tri quoc
,, I, I, I, L, Ha N6i, 2002, tr.50
12) Vu Van G i u Gin giao due dao ddc vdi gid gin
nep sdng van hoa gia dinh truyen thong trong boi cinh phdt triin kinh te thi trudng d Viet Nam hien nay Tap chf phat triln nhan Mc, s6 3(24)-2011, TP
Ho Chf Minh, tr.48
(13) H 6 Chf Minh, To^n tap t.7 Nxb Chfnh tri quoc
gia Ha N6i, 2002, tr.456
Trang 734 NGUYEN LONG GIAO - T U TU TU^NG H 6 CHf MINH
ddng nghd ngMdp cMnb ddng, phd hdp vdi ydu
elu xd hpi dc hp cd the lif sd'ng bing chinh
ddng Itfdng cda minh, tao dpng life cho ho
chuydn tdm vdi nghd nghiep, md khdng phii
qud ban lam cho vd'n dd mtfu sinh Kc dd'n Id,
can dd cao vi fri cao qu5' cua ngtfdi Ihly, phdi
huy truydn thd'ng "tdn stf trpng dao" Irong xd
bpi, nang cao thang gid trj nghd gido, sao cho
thu bdi ngdy cdng nhidu ngtfdi tdi gidi mudn
ldm nghe day bpc, din tidn ldi chuin mtfc cM
cd ngtfdi tdi ndng, mdi dtfdc tuydn chpn ldm Ihly
CM nhtf tiid mdi cd tiid sin sinh ra Idp Idp ngtfdi
tdi gidi Thtfc tien cbo thd'y, sd hpc sinh tiii vdo
stf pham nhifng ndm vffa qua cdng ngdy cdng
thtfa din di, hing ndm Itfdng gido vidn ngM, bd
vide cMd'm ly Id ldn hdn sd gido vidn mdi tuydn
vdo, dan dd'n tinh frang iMd'u gido vidn didn ra
ngdy cdng frim frpng, mdi phin Id do Ihu nhap
cda ngtfdi gido vidn cdn nMdu ban chd' Chinh
vi vdy, ndng cao ddi sd'ng vat chat, tinb thin,
dao dtfc, uy tm ngtfdi thiy se Id life hdt cd bin
de thanh mdn chpn nghe stf pham md lap than,
lap ngMdp, dau M thda ddng cbo ngtfdi Ihly ludn
ludn Id diu tif cd ldi nha't, bdi le "ddu tu cho
ngudi ddn dng, ta duac ngudi chong tdt; ddu tu
cho ngudi phu nff, ta dugc mdt gia dinh tdt; ddu
tu cho thdy gido, ta dugc mdt thih^ tdt"
Tdm lai, tif tifdng Hd CM Minh vd gido due vi ddo tao Id ndn ting quan frpng dd Ding vd Nhd ntfdc la hoach djnh cMd'n Itfdc gido dtic Vidl Nam trong nhffhg ndm qua vd thdi gian tdi Ding ta ludn xdc djnh "gido due vd ddo lao cdng vdi khoa hpc vd cdng nghd Id qudic sdeh hdng diu
Id ndn ting vd ddng life thde dly cdng ngMdp hda Mdn dai hda dlt ntfdc"""' Do dd, phii khdng ngiftig "Ddi mdi chtfdng Irtnh, ndi dung, phtfdng phdp day vd hpc nang cao chit Itfdng dpi ngu gido vidn vd ldng ctfdng cd sd vdt chit cda nhi Irtfdng, phdt huy khi ndng sdng tao vd ddc lip suy ngM cda hoc sinh, sinh vidn Coi trpng bdi difdng cho hex; sinh, sinh vidn khdt vpng manh Uct xdy diftig dlt ntfdc gidu manh, gin Udn lap nghipp bin than vdi Itfdng lai cda cdng dong, cda dan tpc frau ddi cho hpc sinh, sinh vidn ban Hnh, pham chat vd ldi sdng cda the he tre Viet Nam Men dai""'' Ttf ttfdng eua Ngtfdi vd gido due, khdng cM Id cd sd 1^ Man cho vide xdc dinh cdc chd Irtfdng, chinh sdeh, cMeh Itfdc phdt tridn con ngtfdi cua Ding ta, md cdn Id nhiftig bdi hpc, nhffhg kinh ngMdm thtfc tien gido due hd't stfc smh ddng, tMd't tinfc vd Mdu qui ddi vdi ngtfdi ldm cdng tdc gido diic ndi ridng, ngdnh gido dtic ndi chung
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<^*) DCSVN Vdn kidn Dai hdi dai biiu toan qudc lin thdX, Nxb Chfnh tri qu6'c gia, Hd N6i, 2009, tr 94,
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