II HUdNG DAN O U A N LV/SCTDUNG'''' REN LUYEN KY NANG THUC HANH CHO HOC SINH TRONG DAY HOC LjCH SUf THE Gidl LOlP 8 (PHAN LS THE Gidl CAN DAI Tir THE KY XVI DEN NAM 1917) Xu hfldng ddi mdi phfldng phdp d[.]
Trang 1II HUdNG DAN O U A N LV/SCTDUNG'
REN LUYEN KY NANG THUC HANH CHO HOC SINH TRONG DAY HOC LjCH SUf THE Gidl LOlP 8 (PHAN LS THE Gidl
CAN DAI Tir THE KY XVI DEN NAM 1917)
Xu hfldng ddi mdi
phfldng phdp dgy hpc ljch sfl
(LS) trong giai dogn hifn nay,
chu yeu tgp trung vdo vifc phat
huy tinh tich cflc, chu dpng,
sdng tgo, ddng thdi nang cao
ndng lfle tri tuf vd ren luyfn ky
nang thflc hdnh cua hpc sinh
(HS) Dgc bift d cdc trfldng
THCS, vifc rfn luyfn cac ky
ndng thfle hdnh cho HS cdng
thflc sfl can thiet Ren luyfn ky
nang thflc hdnh khdng chi cd
tde dyng ldm cho gid hpc them
sdi ndi, md edn cd tdc dyng kich
thich hogt dpng tfl duy dpc lgp
vi khd ndng phdn tich, quan sat
eung nhfl vifc chu dpng chiem
linh tri thflc cua HS Vi vgy,
trong dgy hpc LS, vifc ren luyfn
ky nang thfle hdnh ket hpp ehgt
ehe vdi cdc hpgt dpng khdc se
gdp phan ndng eao hifu qud
bdi hpc Tuy vdo mye tieu, npi
dung, khd nang cua HS vd dieu
kifn cy the eua tflng trfldng hpc
md xdc djnh eac ky nang thfle
hdnh phu hpp Bai viet ndy chi
trinh bdy cde bifn phdp nhim
ren luyfn mpt sd ky nang thiet
ke cdc logi dd dung trfle quan
quy fldc qua dgy hpe phan LS
the gidi, ldp 8, giai dogn tfl the
kyXVI den nam 1917
1 Rin luyen ky ndng lap
Nhdn bdi ngdy 29/2/2012
32 • TAP CHi THlfTBIGlAO DMC-sd 79-3/2012
niin bieu
Nien bieu Id mpt logi do
diing trfle quan thupc nhdm
cdc do dung trfle quan quy
fldc sfl dyng trong dgy hpc LS, nhdm hf thdng hda cdc sfl kifn hay bicn cd LS quan trpng theo thfl tfl thdi gian, ddng thdi neu len mdi quan hf gifla chung vdi nhau Trong dgy hpc LS the gidi giai dogn the ky XVI den 1917, chung ta can r^n luyfn cho HS
lap mpt so nien bieu sau:
Nien bieu tdng hpp:
Lgp nien bieu ve cdc sfl kifn chinh eua LS the gidi cgn dgi
Phan Thj Chdu
TrUdng CDSPN^i An
(Tfl thef ky XVI den nim 1917) khi dgy bdi dn tgp LS the gidi cgn dgi, sdch gido khoa LS ldp
8, bdi 14 (xem bang 1)
Nien bieu ehuyen de: Lgp nien bieu nhflng sfl kifn chinh eua edeh mgng tfl sdn Phap (1789 -1794), khi giing dgy bai
2 "Cdch mgng tfl san Phdp 1789 1794", nhim cho HS thay rd hdn tien trinh cua each mgng tfl sdn Phdp (xem bdng 2)
Nien bieu so sdnh: Khi hpe bai 6 "Cdc nflde Anh, Phdp, Dflc, Mi cudi the ky XIX dau the ky XX", de HS thay rd hdn Thdi gian
1566 - 1648
1642 1688 1774-1783
1789 - 1794
1848
1857 1859
1861
1864
1868
1870
1871
1905 1907
1911 1914-1918
Cic sfl kifn quan trpng Cdch mgng Nedeclan, md dau thdi ki LS the gidi cdn dgi
Cdch mgng tfl sdn Anh Chien tranh gidnh dpc lgp cua 13 thupc dai Anh
d Bic Mi Cdch mgng tfl sdn Phdp
"Tuyf n ngdn cua Ddng Cpng sdn" ra ddi Khdi nghla Xi - Pay d An Dp
Cdi cdch ndng nd d Nga Qudc t^ thfl Nhit thdnh lgp Minh Trj Duy tdn d Nhgt Thdng nhat Italia
Cdng xd Pa - ri, thdng nhat Dflc Cdch mgng Nga
Cdch mgng Tan Hpi Chien tranh the gidi thfl nhat
Bdng 1
Trang 2HUOfNG DAN O U A N LV S U DUNG' II
Thdi gian
14-7-1789
8 - 1789
9 - 1791
21-9 -1792
21 1-1793
1793
2 - 6 -1793
26 - 6- 1794
27-7-1794
Sfl kifn quan trpng Tan cdng phdo ddi Ba-xti
Tuyen ngdn Nhdn quyen vd Dan quyen Che dp qudn chu lgp hien dUpc xac lap Thiet lgp nen cpng hda
Vua Lu-i XVI bj xfl tfl Lien minh phong kien chdu Au tan cdng nUdc Phap Khdi nghla thang lpi, nen chuyen chinh dan chu cdch mgng Gia-cd-banh thdnh lgp
Lien minh chdng Phdp bi ddnh bgi Ddo chlnh phdn cdch mgng Cach mgng Phdp ket thuc
Bdng 2
sa dd cde dang cap trong xa hpi
Phap trfldc khi cdch mgng bung
nd Qua dd, khdng nhflng giup
HS rfn luyen ki nang ma ci'ic
em cdn hieu sau sac hdn thuc trgng ciia xd hpi Phap (xem sd
do ljch sfl)
3 Do thi LS
De dien ta qua trinh phat trien, sfl van dpng cua mpt sfl kifn LS, tren cd sd sfl dung sd lifu, tdi lifu thdng ke trong bdi hpc
Vi dy, khi dgy hpc bdi 9
"An Dp the ky XVIII - dau the
ky XIX", ehung ta yeu cau HS quan sdt bang "Gia tri Ifldng thflc xuat khau vd sd ngfldi chet ddi"(trang 56, SGK LS 8)
md thflc dan Anh da thfle hifn
^""S^ d A n D p t r e n c d s d d d v e d d t h i ,
sfl phdt trien khdng deu gifla cdc i
nfldc de qude, gido vien (GV)
cd the eho HS "lap nien bieu so ' '"°
sdnh vi tri cua cde nfldc Anh,
Phap, Dflc, Mi trong sin xuat
edng nghifp d hai thdi diem:
1870 vd 1913" (xem bdng 3)
2 Rin luyen ki ndng lap sd
do
Sd dd LS n h i m cy the hda
npi dung mpt bien ed LS, de HS
nam dflpc nhflng net ehu yeu
Id gich trong sfl van dpng, phit
trien eua LS Tren ed sd dd HS Vi dy, khi dgy hpc bdi 2 , " Cdch
se nam dfl<?e nhflng dge trflng mgng tfl sdn Phdp 1789 -1794", de thay rd hdn chlnh sdch dp
Cd ban GV cd the g(?i y, yeu cau HS ve bfle, bde lot cua thflc dan Anh
Vitri
Nam
1870
1913
Thfl nhit
Anh
MI
Thfl hai
Phdp Dflc
Thflba
Dflc Anh
Thfl tfl
MI Phdp
nooo
3000
sooo
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
aooo noo
0
• 3800
• es8
Biiu do 1: Bieu do bieu diin gid trf luimg thuv xuat khSu
Co nhieu dac quyen Khong phai dong thue
Bj ap bih: nang ne, phai dong thue
Dang cap thu- ba
Sadollchsu
(xem bieu dd 1,2)
Qua bieu dd HS thay rd vifc tang gid tri xuat khau Ifldng thfle d An Dp ty If thugn vdi sd ngfldi chet ddi md thflc ddn Anh thfle hifn d An Dp
Hpge khi hpe bdi 6, "Cdc nfldc Anh, Phdp, Dflc Mi cudi TAP CHi THIET BI GlAO DUC - Sd 79 - 3/2012 • 33
Trang 3II H U O N G DAN O U A N L V S C T DUNG
16000
14000
12000
10000
6000
6000
4000
2000
0
Trifu Llvrof
• 15000
• 400
I82S-I85U
• 5000
Bieu dd 2: Hieu du \o ngudi chh doi ufAn Dif
Thdi gian
Anh
Dflc
My
Phdp
1840 7,7 2,5 3,8 1,7
1990 9,0 7,5
13,8
2,7
1913
10,3 19,3 31,0
5,2
Bang 4
35
30
25
20
B
B >
-5 ^ •
0 J
A 31
A M ?
• 77
BC
• 7S
._^ _^ • -tu
X 5 2
X 2 T
-HD BO
Bieu do 3: Biiu dd sdn xuai Gang cua cic ntr&c tu- bdn
dien sfl sdn xuit gang cua eie nfldc tfl bin Anh, Dflc,
Mi, Phip (xem bdng 4 vi bieu dd3)
4 Rin luyin
ky ndng lap hiiu do
thi ky XIX diu the ky XX", , , ,, ^'f^ , J°
r^\r " it u c - J- 1 X." "him dien ti, so sanh sfl thay
GV yeu ciu HS ve do thj bieu j * ^ ^ - u -t-^tc^^L
' doi trong cd eau hay mgt ciu tgo
2000 n
1800
1600
1400
1200 i
1000 \
soo i
too !
4 0 0 I
200 •
oJ
Bieu do 4: Bieu do ve sif gia tdng so km duvng sdt
cua mdt hifn tflpng LS Thdng thfldng chung ta ve hai dgng
bi^u d6, bieu d6 hmh trdn hay bieu d6 hinh cpt
Vi dy, khi hpc xong bai "Sfl phdt triln eua ki thuat, khoa hpc, van hpc vd nghf thugt the
ky XVIII XIX", ehung ta cd
the yeu cau HS ve bieu d6 vi sfl
gia tdng cua sd km dfldng sat
trfn thi gidi cudi the ky XVIII
-XIX
Nam 1830:332 km dfldng sat Nam 1870: 200.000 km dfldng sit (xem bieu dd 4) Rfn luyfn ki ndng thflc hdnh Id phfldng phdp quan trpng de phat trien tinh tfl giac, tich cflc, dpc lap vd tgp nen sfl hflng thfl cho HS trong hpe tgp
LS Ki nang thflc hdnh giup HS biet van dyng nhflng kien thflc
dd hpc vao gidi quyet mpt van
de cy the, tren ca sd dd, HS se
hieu sau sic hdn eae sfl kifn LS
Tii lifu tham khao
1 Bp GD-DT LS 8 NXB
Giio dye, H 2004
2 GS.TS Nguyen Thj Cdi
(Chu bien) Rin luyen ki ndng
nghiip vu sU pham mdn Lich sii NXB Dgi hpc sfl pham H
2011
3 TS Dgu Ihj Hda -Tran
Thi Phfldng PhUdng phdp
hudng ddn HS dgc sdch gido khoa trong dgy hgc dia li 10 nhdm ndng cao hiiu qud dqy hgc Tgp chi Giio dye, sd 257,tr
52 - 54
4 GS.TS Phan Ngpc Lien
(Chu bien) PhUdng phdp dqy
hgc Lich sit tgp II NXB Dgi
hpe sfl pham H 2002
34 • TAP CHi THII^BIGlAO DMC-sd 79-3/2012