GIJlD DUC PHAP lUJlT CHO HOC SINH TRHNG HOC PHO THONG QHA OAY HOC GAC NDI DONG P H A P I D A T T R O N G MON GIAO OHG CONG OAN O ThS D U O N G THj THUY N G A '''' 1 Gido dye phdp luQt (GDPL) cho hpc sinh[.]
Trang 1GIJlD DUC PHAP lUJlT CHO HOC SINH TRHNG HOC PHO THONG QHA OAY HOC GAC NDI DONG PHAP IDATTRONG MON GIAO OHG CONG OAN
O ThS D U O N G THj THUY N G A '
1 Gido dye phdp luQt (GDPL) cho hpc sinh
(HS) trung hpc phfi thdng (THPT) Id yfiu cdu
td't y l u vd cdn m i l t trong cdng eudc ddi nf>dl
dd't nudc h l f n nay
Trong qud trinh xdy dyng nhd nudc to thdnh
nhd nudc phdp quyln, vifc GDPL cho mpi cdng
dfin ndi chung vd HS THPT ndi rifing Id mft ddi
hdi tdt y ^ vd cdp thill, nhdt k!i trong Hnh hinh tfl
phpm, dde blft Id tfl phpm nguy hilm ed xu
hudng gta tang, trong od tfi phpm d Ida hjdl v|
thdnh nlfin ehilm m f l tf If ddng k l
GDPl Id cdn thilt eho mpi cdng dfin, song do
dejc dilm lua hi6\, vlfc GDPL cho HS THPT lpi
cdng Ird nfin vfi eung cdp thilt Bdi vl, HS THPT sfi
Id nhung chO nhdn tuong b l cOo ddt nude, cdc
em s3 Id nhOng ngudi H ^ h;c thyc hifn sy nghifp
ddi mdi ddt nude trong nhung nfim sfip tdi; sfi Id
nhijng ngudi sdng, Idm vlfc vd dilu hdnh, Idnh
cdc em rd't cfin dupc gido dye f thuc cdng ddn
trong vlfc chdp hdnh PL, dupc hinh thdnh hdnh vl
cd sue Kin Ida \dn, cd tac dyng kfip bdi vi n l u
dupc GDPL tdt, mdi HS THPT sfi trd thdnh mft
Kryfin hiiyln vifin Hch eye v l PL cho nhOng ngudi
thdn trong gia dinh vd bpn bfi xung quanh, sfi
too dupe du lufin xd h f l tich eye trong gidl hrfi,
trong cfng dfing vd trong xd h f l
2 Dpy hpc (DH) mdn Gido dye cdng ddn
(GDCD) d cdc hvdng THPT Id m f t trong nhiJng
con dudng quan trpng d l GDPL cho HS
Trong nhd hvdng THPT, vlfc GDPL cho HS
dupc thyc hifn thdng qua nhilu con dudng,
h-ong dd GDPL thdng qua DH mdn GDCD Id m f t
eon dudng quan trpng, bdi vl: - Mdn GDCD
hvdng THPT gdp phdn thye hifn myc Hfiu gido
dye dTHPT,gdpphdn hinh thdnh eho HS If hidng
sdng dung dan, ninh thdnh nhung phdm chd't vd
nfing lpc cOa ngudi cdng ddn V l f t N a m ihdl kl
cdng nghifp hdo, hifn dpi hda; - Mdn GDCD
hvdna THPT frang h\ cho HS nhOng W thdc PL
phd thdng, co bdn vd cd hf thdng v l bdn chd't
ddn, da't nudc vd nhdn lopl, v l cde quyln vd nghTa vy co bdn cua cdng ddn trong ede Ifnh vyc cua ddi sdng xd h f l ; - Mdn GDCD hvdng THPT cdn hinh thdnh cho HS kr nfing v f n dyng
cdc hifn higng, sy klfn h-ong thye tiln cude song
cOo dja phuong, eOo ddt nude, gido dye cho
cdc em jr thuc cdng ddn trong vlfc tdn h-png vd
Idm vlfc theo H i l n phdp, PL Nhi>ng ndm vda qua, vlfc GDPL cho HS ndi chung vd DH n f i dung Pt trong mdn GDCD cho
HS THPT ndi rlfino dd dupc quon tdm, chu y vd dpt dupe nhung kit qud nhdt t^nh, nhung nhin ehung chdt lupng vd hlfu qud cdn chua cao Dilu
dd Id do nhilu nguydn nhdn, ftx>ng dd cd nguyfin nhdn v l phfa HS, v l phfa gia dinh HS, v l phfa
xd h f l vd v l phfa nhd hvdng Trong cdc nguyfin nhdn v l phfa nhd Irvdng, cd nguyfin nhdn do chfnh nhOng r>gudl Idm cdng tdc DH n f i dung PL h-ong mdn GDCD - gido vlfin (GV) GDCD Thyc
l l eho Ihdy: M f t b f phdn G V GDCD chua ndm bdt dupe nhOn^ dde dilm tdm If Ida h>di eua HS THPT, chua thdy dupe nhung nguyfin nhdn tdm li ddn d i n hifn h-png HS vi phpm PL Nhilu GV edn chua tfch eye h-ong vlfc ddi mdi PPDH, cdn ngpi thay d l i thdi quen DH eO, v5n thlfin v l si) dyng PP thuylt h-lnh, hxing b| kiln thuc Id chinh, khlfin cho cdc gid hpc PL trd nfin khd cung, ndng
nl, khdng Idl eudn dupe HS M f t b f phfn GV
PP edc kr thuft DH cdn chuallnh hopt ddn din hlfu qud DH cde n f l dung PL hrong mdn hpc chua cao Do vdy, d l ndng cao chdt lupng vd hlfu qud gido dye vd DH PL trong hvdng THPT hlfin nay, vlfc hllu bilt v l dde dlfim tdm If Ida hidl vd xdc ^ n h dung cdc djnh hudng co bdn h-ong dli mdi PPDH cdc n f l dung PL h-ong mdn GDCD Id rd't cdn thilt vd cd ldm quon trpng dde bift
3 NhOng dt&rn c6n\uuf trong vifc GDPl cho
HS THPT qua DHodc n f l dung PL trong mdn GDCD -Tn«HB9ib«cttfpl^«UN(i
Trang 2din hiin trgng vi phgm PL cua HS THPT hiin
nay ditdddlim dugc nhOng biin phdp gido
dye y rftvc K cho HS m^t cdch phO hgp Hifn
hpng vi phpm PL cOo HS THPT hifn nay dang Id
vdn d l nnue nhd'l md xfi hfl rdt quon tdm, Nhilu
kit qud nghifin cuu dfi cho kit lufn HS THPT vl
phpm PL phdn Idn Id do nhOng nguyfin nhdn sou:
chilu, so sdnh mpi hdnh vl cOa minh vdl cdc quy
phpm PL, chua cd thdi quen suy nghTdya hfin nhOng
kiu bilt v l PL Rdt nhilu HS Ididng bilt d i n vol
Hd eua PL h-ong ddf sdng xd h f l , col PL chi Id
nhihig vdn bdn trong dd chua dyng nhung dilu
nghlfim edm ed tfnh didt hinh thdc, khdng cd sy
eOa minh Vdl suy nghT nhu vfy, m$c nhlfin edc
em dd ty Idch minh ro khdi sy quy djnh cua PL vd
v l PL nhilu khi dua edc em dfin nhihig hdnh v\ v\
phpm PL gdy h f u qud h 6 sue nguy hilm Do sd
nhiJng hdnh vl vl phpm cOa cdc em dupc thyc hifn
kilm c h i cOa mft f thuc hf glde dya frSn sy hllu
bilt PL; - Do sd HS khi thyc hifn hdnh vi vl phpm PL
d l u khdng ddnh gid dupe ddy dO Hnh chdt nguy
hilm vd khdng hflu dupe h f u qud nghlfim trpng
do hdnh vl cOa minh gdy ro ddi vdl xfi hpi Dilu
ndy llfin quon d i n diSc dilm vi sy phdt h i l n t h l
chdt vd nndn thdc ndi chung eua ede em Trinh
d f nhfn thuc, kinh nghlfm dudng ddi cOa cdc
em chua du d l giup cdc em suy xfit, ddnh gid
mft cdeh ddy dO mpi hdnh vi cOa minh Chua
quon hfi gli/a hdnh vl cuo ed nhdn vdl mdi trudng
xfi hfii xung quanh; - Sy nhpn thuc PL cOo HS
sy hdng ngdy d ede em khdng phdi Tuc ndo cung
bilt ddnh gid ddy dO nhung hdnh vl xu sy eOo
minh hvdc nhung tinh hudng cy t h l d l dp dyng
nhung kiln thuc PL dfi dupc hpc t f p , hudng dSn
Vdn dyng kiln thuc li lufn cua PL vdo ddi sdng
thyc t l Id mpt vdn d l phuc tpp, ddi hdi mft sy
cOa ede em Ididng phdi lOc ndocOng ddp ung
dupe tdt ed nhung yfiu cdu dd; - U d f hidl h>
15-18, hdu hit HS THPT giao tilp hong nhung nhdm
bpn bfi n h d t ^ n h Nhung nhdm bpn bfi ndy dnh
hudng rdt ldn d i n h/ edeh, hdnh vi eOa cdc thdnh
vlfin trong nhdm Trong nhilu hvdng hpp nhdn
thdc dung ddn cOo mdt sd thdnh vlfin tfiong cuong
ndi nhu ( B U hdnh dfng chung cua cd nhdm Nhiaj
em bilt minh tham glo vdo hdnh dfng chung dd
Tap chi filao dye s6 2 8 9 (w i • y/aoia)
cung hdnh d f n g solldm mft cdch khdng V gi^c
M f l sd em khde do sy khdng c h i de dpo cOo sd dfing thdnh vlfin h-ong nhdm nfin mfc ddu hllu bilt PL song cde em khfing dO sde d l td rS thdi
d f cuo mlnTi md cudi cOng ddnh phdi thyc hifn hdnh vl h-dl PL; - HS THPT cdn phy thufe hodn hsdn vdo gia dinh v l m$t kinh t l , do dd chju dnh hudng tn/c tilp todn b f edc mdt ddi vdl bd m?
vd nhung ngudf thdn h-ong glo dinh boo gdm ed
H n h d f nhfn thOc vd y thuc chdp hdnh PL Thyc
l l ddi sd'ng xa hfii cho ihdy v thue PL cOo HS THPT phy thufe rdt Idn vdo Wnh d f nhfn thdc vd
•^ thdc chdp hdnh PL cOo bd m? vd nhOng ngudi
ihdn h-ong gfo dinh
2} Xdc dfnh dOng cde dfnh hudng ca bdn trong qud hinh dii mdi PPDH cdc n f / dung PL trong mdn GDCD nhdm ndng cao hiiu qud
<:k>Pl cho HS COng nhu cdc mdn hpc khde, vlfc
dd'i mdi PPDH nhOng n f l dung PL trong mfin GDCD d cdc hvdng THPT phdi phu hpp vdl yfiu
edu dfi dupe quy djnh trong Dilu 5, lOiodn 2,
Luft Gido dye, dd Id: PP gido dye phdf phdt huy tinh tfch eye, h/ gfdc, chO d f n g , hr duy sdng tpo cOa ngudi hpc; bdi dudng cho ngudi hpe
ndng lye hf hpc, khd ndng thyc hdnh,ldng scn^ mfi hpc ffp vd f chf vuon lfin Cy t h l , vlfc doi
mdi PPDH PL cdn dupc thyc hlfin iheo cdc d|nh hudng sou: - DH edc nfl dung PL phdi theo djnh hudng hopt dpng Qud h-lnh DHPL eho HS THPT phdi fe qud hinh G V td chuc, hudng ddn cho cdc
em thyc nlfn cdc hopt dfng hpc t f p phO hpp d l thdng qua dd edc em ed t h l phdt hifn vd ehilm Irnh kiln thuc vd kr ndng mdi Cdc hopt ddng ndy dung cOa bdi hpc; phu hpp vdl hinh dp cOo HS
vd sd hvdng cOa GV, phu hpp vdi dilu klfn, hodn cdnh thyc tiln eOo k p hpc cua nhd hvdng vd A a phuong Cdc hopt dfng DHPL cho HS THPT rdt phong phu, do dpng, boo gdm nhCrng hinh thdc nop! d f n g chO y l u nhu: thdo lupn Idp, thdo lu^n
nhdm; f^fin tfch, ddnh gid cde f kiln, quon dilm,
Hn, sy kifn, cdc hifn hjpng trong ddi sdng thyc tfSn cd llfin quan <Kn nfl dung bdi PL; xu li cdc Hnh hudng PL; ddng vol, diln tllu phdm; ehol cdc hd ehol R.; suu tdm, tim hiiu cdc hr lifu cd lifin quon d i n n f l dung bdi PLvd Wnh bdv, gidl thifu sdn phdm suu tdm dupc; dilu h-a Hnh hinh thyc hifn PL hong cfng d ^ g vd bdo cdo kit qud; xfiy dyng vd thyc hien cdc dy dn hiyen hvyin,
v f n dfng thyc hifn PL h-ong cfing ddng Cde
_ #
Trang 3bdo ddm thyc hifn dupc myc tlfiu bdt hpc, vdo
gdy dupe hung thO hpe t f p eho HS.; - DH PL phdi
kit hpp glOa hpc t f p ed m l vdt hpc tdp hpp ldc,
giOa hinn thuc hpc cd nhdn vdl hinn thuc hpe
theo nhdm, theo ldp Dde blft, G V cdn tpo co h f l
cho HS dupe hjong tac vdl nhau vd vdl thdy cfi
gido Cy t h l Id cdn h^o co hft eho HS dupe cung
pn bfi hpp tae, hd hv, glup dd Ifin nhau thyc
hifn ede nhifm vy hpc t f p ; dupe h'Inh bdy, chia
sfi kinh nghlfm, suy nghT, quon dilm cOa cd nhdn
v l n f l dung cde quy djnh cOo PL vd vifc thyc hifn
PL h-ong cufc sdng thye tiSn; dupe Idng nghe vd
ddnh gid cde y kfln cOa nhOng ban khde, nhdm
khde v l cdc vdn d l cd llfin quan d i n bdi hpc PL;
dupc nfiu nhdng bfin khofin, thdc mdc, nhdng
vdn d l cdn gidl ddp v l Hiln phdp, PL vd vlfc
thye thl PL d dja phuong; dupe ddt edu hdi cho
thdy, eho bpn; Chfnh h-ong qud trinh hiong tac
cdi md, do chilu nhu vfy, HS sfi phdt huy dupe
Hnh Hch eye, ehu d f n g , sdng too, ty glde trong
hpc t f p PL Tuy nhlfin, d l Idm dupc nhu vfy, G V
cdn phdi xdy dyng dupe mdi trudng Idp hpe thdn
thlfin, on lodn vd Hn cfy Ifin nhau, mpf ngudf
d l u phdi b i l l Idng nghe vd tfin h-png y kiln cOa
nhau, hd trp, glup do nhau hodn thdnh nhifm vy
hpc t f p ; - DH cde n f i dung PL phdi ehu trpng d i n
vlfe rfin luyfn kr ndng, hinh thdnh hdnh vi, thdi
quen chdp hdnh PL cho HS Bdi vi, myc dfch cudi
cung vd quon hrpng nhdt cOo gido dye, DHPL chinh
Id hinh thdnh hdnh vi vd thdi quen ty glde hjdn
thu PL cho HS, ddng thdi phdi xdy dyng dupe du
lupn xfi h f i Hch eye, Ong h f cdc hdnh vl thye hifn
dung PL vd Ifin dn nhdng hdnh vi vi phpm PL trong
nhd Irvdng vd cpng odng Chinh vl v f v , tror>g
qud hrinh DH, G V con thudnig xuyfin id enue cho
kiln thuc trong bdi hpe d l If gidl, ddnh gid, bdy
ta thdi d f hvdc nhOng hifn hjpng dOng/sal h'ong
vlfc thyc hifn PL hdng ngdy d trx/dng, d cfng
ddng; td ehOc eho HS xd If, Hm cdch ung xd phO
hpp h-ong cdc tinh hudng PL vd ddng voi d l rfin
luyfn cdcn kr ndng dng xu; td chuc cho HS thyc
hdnh dilu h-a, tim hllu vlfc thyc hifn cdc quy
djnh PL cOa ngudi ddn d dja phucmg eOng nnu
tham gia edc hoot d f n g hjyfin h v y I n , ohd b i l n ,
thyc hifn PL trong cfng dong Dong thdi, hong
thyc l l cy t h l , gdn gOl, d f e bift Id nhdng vf dy
h-ong ddi sdng PL d hvdng, d cfng ddng dja
bdi hpe PL trd nfin nhp nhdng, d l hllu, sfing d f n g
PPDH, ede phuong tifn DH: Trong qud h-lnh DHPL,
G V khfing nfin "dpy chay" md phdi tdng cudng
sd dyng vd su dyng cd hlfu qud ede thilt b|, dd dOng DH dupe eung cdp theo danh myc vd cdc
thilt bj dd dung DH do G V hf Idm nhu franh dnh,
so dd, b i l u dd, mfi hinh, bdng hinh, D f c blft,
G V edn luu "jr sd dyng cdng nghf thfing Hn d l
thilt k l cdc phdn m I m DH Vlfc su dyng hpp If cdc thilt bj, dd dung DH vd dp dyng cdng nghf thdng Hn h-ong qud Wnh DHPL sfi glOp HS d l hllu bdi hon, hpc t f p hung thO hon, hlfu qud hon
PP vd hinh ihuc DH ede n f l dung PL rdt phong pho, da dpng M5i PP, hinh thue Id chuc DH d ^
cd n^t tfeh eye vd hpn e h i rifing, phO hpp vdl Kmg k>pl bdi vd ddi hdi nhOng dilu klfn thyc hifn rifing
Vi vfy, G V khdng nfin phO ^ n h hodc qud Ipm dyng rnft PP ho0e hinh thuc DH ndo Dllo quan
^png Id G V cdn cdn ed vdo n f l dung, Hnh ehdt h>ng bdi, cfin cu vdo h'Inh d f nhfn thuc HS vd ndng lye, sd trudng cOo GV, edn cu vdo dtlu klfn, hodn ciSnh cy t h l cOa tdp, cuo hvdng md lya chpn
vd su dyng phdt hpp ede PP, cdc hlrih thuc DH mfl
cdch hpp If, dOng mOe, dOng lue • Tdi lifu tham khdo
1 Tr&n DUc Chdm Thanh, thi^u nifin ldm trdi phdp luf t • thyc tr^ng vd gidl phdp NXB Chinh tri qf^c
gia H 2002
2 Nguyfin Minh Doan "Y thuc phdp lu$t vdi din stfng xa hfi" T^p chi Ludt hpc Tru^g Dfi HQC Lujit
HdN0i.stfOl/2OO6,tr.22-18
3 Luf t Gido dvc f « B Chinh tri qude gia - 5K ih^t,
H.2012
3 Trdn Thi Nguy$( "Vai trd cOa y thdc phdp lu9l&6\
vdi ho9t dOng xdy dvng vd thvc lii^n phdp lu^t" T^p
chi Nhd nu&c vd phdp lufit, srf 8/2005, tr 42-49
4 NguySn Thi Thyy f thOc phdp lufit vd vdn di gido
dvc phdp lufit trong nhd tru&ng nii^m ndng cao S thiic phdp iufit cho hpc sinh, sinh vien & nudc ta hifn
nay Lu^n vfin tO't nghifp, Trudng D^i hpc Lu9t
Hd Nfi, 1996
SUMMARY
Nowaday, the Innovation in VIetrxjm requires the understanding thekjwofcltt^n So, Legal educatlor^ education Is one of the tjestsultalDle subject tor that students, we r^eed to ktenttfyttiefxyctK^ogkxl causes vi/hlch led ttwm to vlolatk3n of law Besides, we aSp need to identify some bosto orientation In Innovating the teaching of law which Is a content of civic education
Tap chi filao due so 2 8 9 cfc* i - 7/aoui