MllSil DANG BJIITiiPNIiiiMHiNHTtiANII 1(1 NANG t l l l lHVJItHini l f TRDGHtnHOGtAPCHDtRiiDGIAOCUASlVttNCAOiitNGSIlPNAMMiNON O ThS V U O N G THj LUAN Vui choi Id mdt trong nhung logi hinh hogt ddng ch[.]
Trang 1MllSil DANG BJIITiiPNIiiiMHiNHTtiANII 1(1 NANG tllllHVJItHinilf TRDGHtnHOGtAPCHDtRiiDGIAOCUASlVttNCAOiitNGSIlPNAMMiNON
O ThS V U O N G THj
LUAN-Vui choi Id mdt trong nhung logi hinh hogt
ddng chO dgo d hirdng mdm non (MN) di/ge
gido v i i n (GV) td ehde, hudng dan nhdm
giup t r i riiod mdn cdc nhu cdu vui choi, nhdn
thuc vd phdn dnh hien thye khdeh quan mdt cdch
dde ddo Dde b i i l , trd ehoi hge tdp (TCHT) cd y
nghia gido dye Idn, g d p phdn eung ed' nhung
hieu b i l t eua t r i v l t h i gldl xung quanh, phdt
t r i l n cde qud trinh nhdn thdc nhu cdm gide, tri
gide, tu duy, ludng t u g n g ; gdy dugc hung thu
h-ong hgc tdp, kich thieh de td md cda t r i n h d cdc
tinh hudng cd vd'n de duge ddt ro trong ndi dung
choi, ddng thdi phdt t r i l n edc gide quan vd ngdn
ngS eOa tre Khdng nhCrng t h i , TCHT edn Id phuong
Min, hinh thue dgy hgc, g d p phdn ddy mgnh sy
phdt t r i l n td't cd mgi m$t cuo cd nhdn tre Neu
gido v i i n mdm non b i l t t h i l t k l vd lya chgn logi
h-d choi (TC) ndy mdt cdch kheo leo thi se dem Igi
h l i u qud rd't Idn trong v l f c t d chuc ede hogt ddng
gido dye cho tre mdu gido (MG)
1 Thye t l cdc tnjdng M N cuo nude ta hien nay,
TCHT chua dugc khai Hide vd ddu tudung muc Trong
cdc gid hgc cuo fre, TCHT duge td chuc edn don
d i i u , n g h i o ndn; sy lya chwi TC khOTig phu hgp vdi
ndi dung vd n h l i m vy hge tgp Idm cho tre khdng
thich b g i TC ndy dan den hieu qud khdng eao
H i i n nay tgi ede h-udng M G dong thyc h i i n
ehirong trinh gido dye mdm non rfieo hudng tich
hgp theo chO di vai phuong phdp phdt huy tinh
ticli eye hogt d d n g eua t r i D l fre dugc thye sy
hung riiu tham gia vdo hogt d d n g vui choi ndi
ehung vd TCHT ndi rieng vd phdt huy duge vol
frd cua TC dd'i vdi sy phdt t r i l n eua tre thi d i l u
ndy phy riiude rd't Idn vdo ndng tyc lyo chgn vd
riiilt k l TC cho fri eua G V M N V i vdy, ngoy tir
khi cdn hgc frin ghe nhd frudng, gidng v i i n edn
hinh rtidnh cho sinh v i i n (SV) h i eao d d n g su
phgm M N kt ndng lyo ehgn vd riiilt k i T C cho fre
- nhd't Id riidng qua cdc d g n g tjdi tdp (BT) nhdm
d d p ung nhu edu thyc H§n v l ddi mdi frong edng
tdc g i d o dye mdm non
Tap chi Blao due so 2 8 1 (ki i • a/aoiai
2 Yeu edu khi l u a chgn v d ihilTl k ^ T C cho fri MG: 1) Giup t r i gidi quyet cdc nhi^m vy hge tdp di/dl hinh riiuc nhe nhdng; 2) PhCi hgp vdi vdn h i l u biet vd ndng tyc nhdn riiuc cua fre d cac gloi dogn lua Kidl, ndng ddn y i u cdu riieo sy phdt frien eua fri; 3) PhO hgp vol nhu cdu, hung thu eua fre; 4) E)dm bdo ndng cao tinh tfch eye hogt dgng nhdn thue cua f r i ; 5) Chgn TC phdi da dgng, phong phu vdi cdc myc dich r i n luyin khde nhau; d) Huy dgng vd Igo d i l u k l i n eho td't ed fri deu dugc tham gio
N g o d i ra, mdi TC khi riiilt k l cdn ddm I M O
cd ddy du 3 thdnh phdn co ban sou:
- Ndi dung choi: Id n h i i m vy hgc tdp - cd Hnh
chd't nhu mdtbdi todn - md fri phdi dya frin dieu kien d d cho, kich thieh hung thu sinh dgng cua t r i
- Hdnh dgng ehoi: Id h i riidng ede thoo Ide eOo
fri phdi riiye h i i n frong qud frinh ehoi de gldl quyet nhiem vy hgc tdp chua dyng frong ngi dung choi
Vi vdy, TC cdn phong phu, da dgng vd mong Hnh
«phuc tgp d d n " rfieo sy phdt frien cua fre
- Ludt choi: Id quy djnh, quy irdc v i i e thye
hien cdc hdnh ddng choi frong qud trinh choi; Id Hiu chudn ddnh gid hdnh dgng choi dung hoy sol, n i n G V thiet k l ludt ehoi phdi ehinh xde, rd rdng, de hieu
Ngodi ra, v l i c t h i l t k l TC phdi ddm t w o tfnh
h i thd'ng, phu hgp vdi ndi dung hge; cdn ghl ro ngi dung chudn bj cdc logi dd ehoi hge tdp (dde
d i l m , so lugng ) vd chi Hit, ro rdng trong cdch
hudng ddn
3 Cde d g n g BT n h d m hinh thdnh kT n d n g
l y o chgn v d riili'l k i ' TC cho fri M G
7^ Hinh thdnh kTndng lua chgn vd thiet k^
TC theo myc dich cho trudc Di Idm duge dgng
BT ndy, SV cdn tjdm sdt mye dfeh dd eho G i d n g
v i i n dua ra cdc myc dfeh eua TC vd y i u edu SV hdy lyo chgn hode riiiet ke TC - ehdng hgn: Hdy lyo chgn hode riiii'l ke TC nhdm phdt friln sy nhgy edm cua ede gide quan (nhu ngdn n g i j , ede rfiao
* Tnrdis Cao d i i i sir phan Bic Ninli
Trang 2tdc t u duy, fri nhd ); y i u edu SV ghi cy riie ten
TC, edeh ehoi, ludt chert, chudn bj dd dijng d d
choi V i dy: Vdi myc dich jshdt t r i l n ngdn ngu
eho t r i 4-5 tudi, SV ed riie lya ehgn TC: «Ct?a
hdng ctuan do"
- Cnudn b j : bup be, qudn d o , (do len, d o
bdng, do khode, do so ml ddi lay, cde toy, qudn
sode, qudn d d i , d o , mu ten, mu vdi |, do choi
edc logi, bdn d l bift' qudn d o , nhung t d gidy
dugc cdt nhd (Idm Hen)
- Ludt ehoi: Chi ban khi ngudi mua md td duge
dde diem qudn do minh mudn mua
- Cdch choi: T r i ddng vol ngudi bdn hdng,
Id'y ciudn do d l bdy hdng riieo hjng logi G i a
dinh De bop be dl mua qudn do cho b6p be Tre
d i n cuo hdng qudn d o , md td dde d i l m , t i n quan
do minh djnh muo Cdm cm sou khi mua N g u d i
muo frd H l n , ngudi bdn nhgn t i l n
2) Hinh thdnh kTndng lya chgn vd thiet kd
TC pho hgp vdi dd tuol, chO dli'm Di Idm dugc
BT dgng ndy, SV cdn ndm vi/ng dde d i l m nhdn
riiuc cde glal dogn lua tudi vd phdi dugc «phue
tgp" ddn meo sy phdt trial eOo fri; ngi dung ehoi
phdi pho hgp vdi chu d i l m gido dye
G V n i u ehu d i l m , hdy lya etign vd rfillt k l
TCHT eho fri V i dy: Hdy riiilt ke TCHT cho fri M G
be (3-4 hJoi), M G nhd {4-5 ludi), M G Idn [5-6
hjdl) vdi ehu d i l m : «Phuong flin giao fhdng"{yiu
cdu SV ghl cy riil ten TC, cdch ehoi, ludt choi,
chudn bj d d dilng d d choi, edeh hudng ddn )
V i dy: Td ehuc cho fre ehoi TC; «dtd vdo ben"
a} Vdi triMGbe (3-4 tudi)
- Chudn b i : 3 Id cd cd mdu khdc nhau (xanh,
d o , vdng) cho GV M o i fri ed mgt Id ed ed cCing
ede mdu vdi mdu ed cua GV
- Ludt ehoi: dtd phdi vdo dung b i n eOa minh,
oi nhdm phdi ra ngodi mdt Idn chcrl
- Cdch choi: GV phdt cho mSi fri mdt Id cd, fre
Idm «dtd" (edc Rdtd" ed mdu sdc khde nhau) G V
hd: «Cdc dtd chudn bf ve ben do!"vd cho fri chgy
h/ do VCra chgy, fri vua quay toy frudc ngye nhu
[6\ dtd, vua ndl «bim bim" Cu khodng 30 gidy,
GV g i o tfn hieu mdt Idn Khi G V g i o mdu c d ndo
rtii dtd cd mdu ed d d ehgy vdo b i n (phfa GV) Cde
dtd khdc van t i l p tyc chgy nhung chgy chdm hon
A i ve nhdm b i n phdi ra ngodi mdt Idn choi
2} Vdi tri MG nhd (4-5 tudi)
- Chudn b j : 5 b i l n so' (hj 1 -5) eho G V ; moi
fre cd mgt bien sd ed cOng cde b l l n sd cOa cd
- Ludt ehoi: dtd phdi vdo dung befn cOa minh,
ai nhdm phdi ro ngodi mgt tdn choi
- Cdch ehoi: G V phdt cho moi t r i mgt biwi s^
Tre Idm «dld", cde dtd cd b i l n so khdc nhou GV
hd «Cdc dtd diudn bi vi bdn do!" vd cho fri chgy
h/ do Vua ehgy, fre vuo quay toy trudc ngye nhu tdi dtd, vOa ndi «blm bim" Cu khodng 30 gidy,
GV gio tin h l i u mdt Idn Khi GV gio b i l n sd ndo riii dtd cd b l l n sddiD chgy vdo b i n (phia GV) Cdc did khdc vdn Hep h^e ehgy nhimg ehgy chdm hon
K i t rtiue moi tdn choi, GV eho fri ty k i i m fra M ve
nhdm l^ln phdi ra ngodi mgt Idn etioi
3} Hinh thdnh kTndng lya chgn vd thiet ke
TC pho hgp vdi myc dich vd n^l dung cua
tidt hgc Di Idm duge dgng BT ndy, SV cdn ndm
vijng myc dfeh vd ngi dung cuo Het hgc
G V n i u myc dich vd ngi dung cy i h l cOa Hit hgc, y i u edu SV hdy lya chgn hode riiill k l TC etio fri (ghi ey the t i n TC, cdch choi, ludt ehoi, chudn bi d d dOng d d choi, cdch hudng ddn )
V l dy: l<hi cho fre tim hieu v l cdc ddng vdt nudi frong gia dinh cuo fri M G be (3-4 tudi), cd
t h i td chdc TC «Chlic fui ki Ig" di giup fri nhgn
b i l t vd phdn b i f t duge sy khdc nhau co ban cOa
mdt sd' ddng vdt nudi frong gio dinh
- Chudn b j : 2 edi b d n , moi bdn bdy mgt chile hjl vdi d y n g ede ddng vdt nudi frong gia dinh ladng d d choi ( g d , vjt, mio )
- Ludl choi: chi dugc dijng toy sd vd tdy dung eon vdt riieo y i u edu eua G V , Ithdng duge nhin vdo frong tul
- Cdch ehoi: GV chia tdp riidnh 2 nhdm, x i p riidnh 2 hdng vd dung dudi vgch xudt phdt KhlGV
hd: «hQt ddu!", Kmg fre Idn lugt ten tti6 lay vdo tul
(nhung khdng duge nhin) vd I d / riieo y i u cdu cOa
G V (vi dy: l ^ cho GV con vdt keu «meo meo", hode eon vdt k i u «egp cgp" ) Sou mdi Idn choi (30 gidy), G V i d chuc cho fre kilm fra xem dgl ndo
l ^ dung vd nhieu tion rfii dgl dy se rfidng •
T ^ i l i $ u tham khdo
1 Dio Thanh Am (chii bien) GiAo due hpc m&m non
{t?lp III) NXB Ddi hgc suphgm, H.2008
2 Ph^m Thi ChSu - NguySn Thj Oanh - Trin Thj Sinh
Gi6o due hoc m4m non NXB Dgi hQC qudc gia,
H.2007
3 Trdn Thj Trong Tuy^n tSp Ird choi m&u giio NXB Gido rffiC.H 1994
SUMMARY
This article presents some kinds of exercises to help preschool education college students develop the skills of selecting and designing learning games for pre-school children Should prepre-school teachers know to property design and select these games, their educa-tional activities will be much more effective
Tap chi filao due so 2 8 1 (ki i • a/aoia)