60 50 1 2012 DauvaHoc jNGAYSAt Sang kien kinh nghiem Sir dung do dung day hoc trong giang day IVIT thuat THCS NGUYEN QU6C BAO Trddng THCS Binh Long Chdu Phu An Giang A DAT VAN DE 1 Li do chpn de tai D[.]
Trang 160 5 0 1-2012 DauvaHoc
_ jNGAYSAt
Sang kien kinh nghiem - Sir dung do dung day hoc trong giang day IVIT thuat THCS
NGUYEN QU6C BAO
Trddng THCS Binh Long Chdu Phu An Giang
A DAT VAN DE
1 Li do chpn de tai
Day MT thudt trong trodng trung hpe cd sd khdng p h i i
la dao tao HS trd thdnh hop sT ma Id giup cdc em bidt
cdch cam nhdn cdi dpp eua cude sdng, eua nhQng tdc
pham nghd thudt vd biet each tp tao ra cdi dpp cho b i n
thdn minh, eho eupe sdng
Gido dye tham mT chfnh Id gido dye eho HS bidt each
van dyng cai dpp vdo trong hpe tap vd eupe sdng, n h i m
khdi day khieu tham mT vdn cd d tudi thd TO dd bdi
dodng eho cac em nidm say me, hdng thu tim cai hay,
cai dpp trong nghd thudt tao hinh MT thudt edn giup ede
em lam quen vdi eac ngdn ngQ, phddng tidn eua tao hinh
nhO: Dodng net, hinh khdi, mdu sdc, bd eye Qua dd HS
ed them nhQng kTnang d l van dyng nhQng kidn thde giup
cac em hpe ede mdn hpe khae vd trong eupe sdng hdng
ngdy Theo qui ludt phat trien eua tp nhidn thi mpt khi ddi
sdng vdt chat eiia xd hpi dope ndng cao thi nhu e i u vd
mat tham my cung phat t r i l n , chfnh vi t h l trong chOdng
trinh gido dye mdi thi myc tieu giao dye ddt ra dd Id p h i i
lam sao d l hpe sinh bidt c i m nhdn, b i l l tpo ra cdi dpp da
dope doa Idn ngang hdng vdi cac myc tidu khde
Mdn mT thudt l i y hoat ddng thyc hdnh phdt trien ndng
lye c i m thy, thdng qua dd n h i m phdt huy kha ndng td
duy, tinh ddc lap, sang tao giup HS thyc hdnh dope theo
each nhin, cdch nghT b i n g c i m xuc ridng
H i u hdt t i t c i cdc HS ddu thfeh hpe MT thudt, tuy
nhidn d l khdi gpi c i m xuc ban dau eua ede em Id m^t
vide khdng dd dang, vl ndu khdng ed c i m xuc, khdng ed
so hinh dung vd dd tdi thi HS se khdng t h l the hien hdt
dope tfnh sang tao eua minh cung nhd sy nhdn biet d i y
dii v l eac hinh i n h ma minh se t h l hidn
Chfnh vi vay md thyc td da dat ra p h i i lam sao HS cd
dope kien thOe, hinh i n h mpt cdch trpc quan vd sinh
dpng nhd't Qua dd khdi gpi dope c i m xuc ve dd tdi eho
HS Vd lam sao d l HS ed t h l khai thae hdt dope ede ydu
td tham mTciia ddi topng v l bd eye (each s i p xdp), hinh
the (hinh dang, kfch thode, tf Id, dam nhpL ) de HS c i m
nhdn vd the hien theo k h i nang vd sd thfch rieng
2 Mue dfeh y nghTa
De gdp p h i n ndng cao chd't lopng Day vd hpe mdn
MT thudt trong trOdng Trung hpe cd sd Giup ede em HS phdt huy tdi da tinh sang tao eua b i n thdn cung nhy kha ndng c i m thy t h i m mT ciia HS ddi vdi cae phdn mon Mi thudt
- SO dyng DDDH mdt c i c h khoa hpe vd hi^u qua trong day MT thudt
Giup HS tidp thu npi dung bai hpe mpt each sinh dpng vd d i y du qua dd khpi gpi c i m hOng, tinh sang tao trong HS
Gdp p h i n thyc hidn myc tidu cua nganh giao dgc ddt ra eho mdi ngdnh hpe, mon hpe
3 Phddng phdp nghien cdu
K h i o sat
Quan sat, phan tieh rdi tdng hpp
So sdnh vd ddi chieu
B NQI DUNG
1 Cd sd If l u ^ n :
Cha dng ta cd cdu "Trim nghe khdng bing mot thay'
Vi v$y eho du GV cd g i i n g hay the ndo, md ta ddi ta<?ng
cy the nho thd ndo di chdng nOa thi t i t ca HS cung deu khdng the hinh dung ra hoan toan ve ddi topng dd Nhii vdy HS cd the hinh dung choa dung ve ddi topng dan tdi
ed the hieu sai vd ddi topng, hieu sai kien thOe
MT thudt la mdn hpe ciia thj giac, thong qua thi giac
HS cd t h l nhin thay cdi dpp, cai chOa dpp tO dd eo the
t i i p thu kidn thOc ciia bai hpe
Hpe mT thupt chii yeu la hpe bang DDDH vi DDDH chinh Id sy hipn dipn cua kien thOc: C i c khai nidm, thuat ngQ mT thupt dope t h l hipn mpt each ro rang thong qua DDDH
Vide sir dyng DDDH mpt each cd he thdng se giiJp
HS tiep thu kien thde mpt each day du v i khoa hpe Qua
dd HS biet tap trung vao dung npi dung c i n the hienva tfnh sang tao ciia HS ddi vdi bai ve se dupc phat huy toi
da Vi^c sO dyng DDDH cdn giup HS cd nhieu lya chpn eho minh khi t h l hien tren mpt de tdi ey the
Day hpe MT thuat la ngddi GV truyen cam hdng cho
HS giup HS bidt cam thy cai dpp thong qua nhQng hinti
i n h cy the, sinh ddng qua dd giup cac em biet thdi hon eho nhQng bai ve eua minh cQng nho Id bid't cam nhSn cai dpp cua mdt tac pham mpt each chdn thae nhi't
Trang 2DifUvaHlK S01-2012
Vdi tdm If lOa tudi eua HS trung hpe ed sd la k i l u to
duy "true quan sinh ddng", cae em quan sat, nhin, hpe
tap, b i t chode Vi vdy vide sO dung DDDH se giup eac
em hieu ngay ve npi dung kien thde md khdng p h i i hinh
dung hay todng topng lech lac vdi kidn thde bdi hpe
2 Cd sd thOc t i i n
Trong nhd trodng, h i u hd't cac em HS deu rat thfch
hpe mdn hpe MT thudt Tuy nhien, sy quan tdm den mdn
hpe ndy d cae bdc phu huynh edn nhieu han ehe, nhidu
em edn thieu sdeh MT thudt, mdu ve, vidt ehi Cae bac
phy huynh chu ydu yeu c i u eac em chu trpng vdo nhQng
mdn nhdToan, Tidng Anh, nen nhidu khi mdn MT thudt
bj coi nhp Chinh vi vdy eac ydu td tren da i n h hodng rat
nhidu den vide tiep thu bdi cua eac em
Vide sO dyng DDDH thidu tham mT, chOa he thdng,
ehoa khoa hpe, khdng phu hpp vdi tdng phdn mdn, trong
day hoc tidt cd sd dyng dd dung tiet khdng sd dung ndn
Idm HS tidp nhdn kidn thOe khdng sdu vd khdng khdi gpi
dope d l tai eho HS qua dd HS se khdng cd hdng thu lam
bdi, tiet hpe se khdng dat hieu q u i
Mdn MT thudt trung hpe ed sd ed 4 phdn mdn: phdn
mdn Ve tranh, phdn mdn Ve trang trf, phan mdn Ve theo
mdu vd phdn mdn Thddng thde mT thudt Vdi mdi mdt
phdn mdn lai ed nhQng net dae trdng rieng bidt cho nen
vide sO dyng DDDH cung phai linh hoat theo tdng phdn
I mdn va npi dung eua tdng bdi hpe eu t h l
Chinh vi vdy md thyc tien ddi hdi ngddi GV lam sao
p h i i tim ra mpt phddng phap sO dyng DDDH mpt each
hdp If vd hidu q u i vdi tdng phdn mdn ey t h l trong giing
day mT thudt
3 Cac giai phap cu the
3.1 Dam bao cac nguyen tie khi stif dung DDDH trong
day MT thuat
a Tinh chinh xic:
DDDH day hpe phai d i m b i o phu hdp vdi npi dung
bdi day Mang trong nd kidn thOe eua bdi day Tranh dOa
, DDDH khdng dung hope khd hieu vdi ndi dung bai hpe se
lam HS h i l u sai kidn thde hope h i l u kidn thOe mpt each
' ehung ehung khdng rd rang
b Tinh he thd'ng:
Qua trinh day hpe dope coi la mdt he thdng, nd bao
gdm nhidu thdnh td va cae thanh td ndy ed mdi quan he
\ phy thupc l i n nhau, i n h hddng qua lai vdi nhau, quye't
djnh chd't Iddng cua nhau Chfnh vi vdy khi sO dyng DDDH
c i n p h i i dda ra hdp If, phu hpp vdi npi dung, hddng HS
quan sat theo c i u true: tO ddn g i i n den phdc tap, td bao
quat ddn ehi tiet
c Tfnh tham mT:
Hpe MT thudt Id hpe v l cai dep, hpe each c i m thy cai
• dpp nen yd'u td dau tien p h i i quan tdm den dd Id "Cai
'• dep" Chi'nh vi vay ma DDDH khi GV sO dyng p h i i dep vd
mang tinh tham mT, qua dd mdi ed the khdi gdi eho HS
sy sang tao vd xuc c i m vdi cai dep
d Tfnh cap nhit:
GV nen sO dyng DDDH mang hinh i n h eua dja
* phddng vd nhQng hinh anh mang tfnh thdi sy nhd: Id hpi,
' mdi tradng , giao thdng de qua dd HS nam dope npi
' dung bdi mpt each da dang nhQng van g i n gui vdi minh
e Tinh phii hdp:
DDDH ndn phu hpp vdi trinh dp cua HS vi khi GV dOa
ra nhQng bOc tranh r i t dpp nhOng lai khd ddi vdi HS khi eho HS quan sat ede em se r i t thfeh nhdng eac em cung
se n i n Idng vi khdng ve dope nhd vay Qua dd se lam
m i t hdng thu cua HS, vl vdy khi dOa DDDH GV ndn tim nhQng bOc tranh phu hpp vdi trinh dd vd sd thfch cua HS minh
3.2 SUU tam vi lim DDDH ti/ tQo
MT thudt Id mdn hpe eua "thi giac" Thdng qua "thi
giae"se giup HS "tri giic"dUdc ddi tdpng mdt each toan
vpn nhit Chfnh vi vdy trong t i t c i cac bdi hpe trong chddng trinh mT thudt deu phai e i n ddn cac giao cu trde quan nhO: tranh, anh, vat m i u , may chidu va cd khi Id
c i khung canh xung quanh eac em (ve ngodi trdi)
Do vay vide sO dyng DDDH trong tdng phdn mdn r i t phong phu va da dang, vdi mdi mpt bdi hoc de dat hieu qua cao thi ngddi GV phai sd dung rat nhieu tranh anh vd dd dung khae nhau Vide sdu tam va lam dd dung to tao se lam phong phu them kho dd dung cua mdi
GV, qua dd tidt day se trd nen trOc quan vd sinh ddng hPn, gpi eho HS nhidu c i m xuc cung nhd cac lya chpn npi dung the hidn cho minh
3.3 L/ng dijng phUdng tien nghe nhin, CNTT trong giang
day MT thuat:
Viec sd dung phddng tien se giup GV hddng HS tdi kidn thde mpt each sinh dpng va toan ven nhd't Thdng qua nhdng doan phim, anh chup thyc td, am thanh sinh dpng se giup HS cd them nhidu hao hdng trong hpe tap
D i m b i o HS tri giac dope toan ven ve ddi tddng Vi dy nho cac em HS d ndng thdn se thd'y dope hinh i n h nhQng ngdi nhd cao tang, dddng phd, xe ep ddng due d thdnh phd Idn hay thd'y dddc cac hinh i n h le hpi dang dien ra sinh dpng vdi nhidu mdu sac Qua dd HS se the hien bai ve mpt each trung thyc thdng qua each nhin eua tre
thd.3.4 Sifdtjng DDDH trong tUngphan mon cij the
a Phan mdn Ve tranh
Vdi phdn mdn nay GV chu yeu la gpi md npi dung de tdi cho HS Vi vdy
DDDH ehu yeu mang tfnh gidi thidu ve cac hinh i n h , ndi dung eiia chu de can t h l hidn Do dd GV sd dyng DDDH e i n nhan manh khai thae ve ehii de, td tddng each t h l hien eac ehu de khae nhau trong cung mdt de tai Mdi lien quan giQa hinh i n h nhdm chfnh, nhdm phum Mdu sac dam nhat trdn tdng t h l bdc tranh
Khi sO dyng DDDH vdi phdn mdn ndy GV ndn gidi thieu mpt sd chu de trpng tdm, tranh gidi thieu trdn lan.-nhieu ehii de se lam eho HS khd khan trong vide lya chpn ehii de eho minh Ndn hodng HS vdo nhQng ehii dd g i n gui vdi HS, dja phddng minh
b Phan mdn Ve theo miu:
6 phan mdn nay ed 2 dang chfnh:
+ Mau md phdng: Ve theo trf nhd + Mau thyc: Ve theo mau ddpc bdy sdn trddc mat
Do vdy vide sO dung DDDH d phan mdn nay r i t quan trpng vi HS se tim hieu e i u true eua mdu, qua dd tim ra hinh dang, dae d i l m vd tf Id cua m i u Vide sO dyng DDDH hddng HS quan sat tO tdng t h l tdi ehi tiet bam sat vdt mau khi t h l hien tren bai ve eua minh
Vdi k h i nang cua HS trung hoc ed sd thi ydu e i u e i n
Trang 362 SO 1-2012 DauvaHoc
_ — ^NGAY NAY
dat eua phdn mdn nay Id ve hinh edn ddi vdi khudn khd
g i i y vd ve ddpc ndt dpc trdng eua vat m i u , vd dope 3 diJ
dam nhat chfnh
c Phin mdn Ve trang tri:
Sd dyng DDDH khai thde tridt de vd: hop tidt, c i c h
s i p xep ming, mdu sdc, tfnh yng dyng trong thyc td cua
ehung
Khai thae dd ddm nhpt eiia mdu vd n h i n mpnh kidn
thyc ve mdu d hop tidt trpng tdm Khai t h i e sy thay ddi
ciia cdc ming vi ddy chfnh Id sy e i n thidt d l sdng tpo ra
nhidu bai trang tn dpp
Cho hpe sinh thiy dope bai trang tri c i n vd tf mf, e i n
than vd edn ddi
d Phan mdn Thudng thUe Mi thuit:
Day Id mdt phan mdn mdn ngddi GV cd t h l p h i i sd
dyng DDDH sudt c i tidt hpe d phdn mdn nay ddi hoi
p h i i khai thde tridt d l DDDH dd HS nhdn ra cdi dpp, c^i hay eiia tde p h i m
Ndn sou t i m nhidu DDDH phye vy cho bdi day d phSn mdn ndy d l HS ed t h l
so sdnh vd rut ra kdt ludn dung eho bdi hpe
Ddy Id phdn mdn mang tdng hod kien thOe cua ck
phdn mdn trdn,vi v^y GV p h i i khai thde h i t vd hinh anh,
bd eye, ndi dung, m i u sdc
4 K^t q u i dpt dope
- K h i o sdt trdn todn khdi 7 bao gdm 7 Idp vdi tdng so
240 HS
Thdi gian k h i o sat Id trong cdc tidt mT thudt d hpe ki
1 ndm hpe 2009 2010
K i t q u i thu ddpc nhd sau:
Kit qiKi
khao sat
Khdng sir dung
DDDH
Co sirdung
DDDH
Hoan thanh san
So luong
73
173
phi'im lot
1 i Ic
30,42%
72,1%
Hoa
So knniL
167
67
Hoan thanh san pham
Tile
6^^.58^
7.Q%
C KETLU.VN
.\g/7c^ ihucil la sir sdng lao ra nhCrng sdn phdm vdt the
hoac phi vdt the chica dirng nhung gid tri Idn vi' tir tuang
thdm my, mang tinh chdt vdn hoa Idm rung clung cam
xiic, tu tuang tinh cam cho ngucri thudng thirc
Do va\ "cai dep" la mpt pham tru rat da dang \a rong
Idn, nd mang tinh thdi sy, tfnh dan tpe va tfnh Ijch sd
Chfnh vi vay, day cho hoc sinh cam nhan dugc cdi
dep' la mpt dieu vd cimg khd khan Vi cdi dep cua
cac em la cai dep thdng qua con mat cua tre tho, sy ap
dat cua ngudi ldn ve cdi dep " ddi khi sg ••,t,'/t'/ diet" su
sang tao hdn nhien, ngay tha trong cac em
Day hoc la khd, day nghe thuat lai cang khd han, c5n
phai mang tinh nghe thuat cao, day cho cac em \hi\\
duoc "cai dep" nhung lai phai phu hap vdi lira tudi ciia
cac em Phai thay dugc cdi nhin" cua tre tha tron" mdi
bai lam cua cac em Day hoc MT thuat khdng nham dao tao HS tro thanh hoa sT ha\ ngudi lam nghe mi thuat, ma
cai chinh la da\ cho cac em "thdm mT" da> cho cac em nhan biet dupc cin Jcp trong cac tac pham nghe thuat
cung nhu trong cuoc song hing nga\
Vice khoi ggi nhiing cam \uc, hung thu cho cac em
\ d cung quan trpng trong mdi bai hoc No chinh la khdi ngudn cho sy sang tao va nd cung la li^u thudc kich thich giiip ciic em hung thu hoc tap \a lam bai thirc hanh Do \a> su dung DDDH dung each va hgp li se ddng vai trd qu>et dinh sy thanh cdng cua ti^t day MT thuat d trudng trung hoc ca sd
KIEN NGII! DEXUAT
Vdi t5m quan trpng cua DDDH trong mdn MT thuat R5t mong cac cap quan li cung cip, hd trg diy du DDDH giup GV len ldp hieu qua va dat chit lugngcao