HUONG DAN QUAN Li sir DUNG KAV DUnq vn sO otinq Luac DO TU DUV DE DAV HOC CFIC; Bfli LUVm Tflp HOfl HOC LClP 12 f̂^ Trdn Tht Ngf c Anh Tnrdng Dgi hgc Dong Thdp M d D A U kiln thftc da hgc, hp thong hd[.]
Trang 1KAV DUnq vn sO otinq Luac DO TU DUV DE DAV HOC
CFIC; Bfli LUVm Tflp HOfl HOC LClP 12
f^^ Trdn Tht Ngf c Anh
Tnrdng Dgi hgc Dong Thdp
M d D A U kiln thftc da hgc, hp thong hda gidng dgy cdc bdi luypn tgp
Luge dh tu duy (LDTD) cdc kiln tfufrc' h^a hgc dugc hda hgc ldp 12 phdn nguyfin
cdn ggi l a b d n d l luduy, s a d o nshi6n cuu rdi rgc qua mgt t l kim logi, nhdm nguyen ll
lu duy Id mOt hinh thft^ ghi sd bdi, mgt ehuang ho$c mgt
phan thdnh mgt h§ kiln thftc
i ^ quan hp ch$t chg vdi nhau
"uico logic xdc djnh dong thdi cung giOpjtido vien ed dicu kipn cimg c^*ftinrghinh xdc
chep sft dyng mdu sdc
dnh de md r^ng vd ddo
cdc y tudng, dugc xay dyng
va phdt trien bdi Uic gid Tony
Buzan Ddy la mgt cdng cy tu
duy cd tinh dgt phd mgt cdeh
khai thdc tidm ndng vd tgn ciia
bd nao da dugc hon 250 tripu
ngudi d cdc qude gia trdn the
gidi sft dyng trong tat ca cdc
ITnh vyc
Sft dung LDTD trong dgy
hgc la mdt ky thugt dgy hgc
lich cue giiip gido vien chii
ddng, linh hogt, tiet kiem thdi
gian teong viee thiet kg bai
dgy, truyen dgt kien thuc mdi,
cung cd kign thftc bdi hgc,
tdng hgp kien thftc chuong,
hgc phan , hinh thanh cho
hgc sinh phuong phdp ty hgc
hieu qud, phdt huy tdi da tinh
sang tgo, kha nang tu duy,
nang khieu hgi hga, ddng thdi
tgo tam li thodi mai, kfch thfch
hftng thu hgc tap ciia hgc sinh
Bdi luyen tap la dang bdi
hoan thien kien thftc vd dugc
thuc hipn sau mdt sd bdi dgy
nghidn ciiu kien thuc mdi ho^c
kgt thuc mdt ehucmg, mgt phdn
cua chuong trinh Bai luypn
tap cd gid trj nhan thftc to Icin
va cd y nghTa quan trgng trong
vipc hinh thdnh phuong phdp
nhgn thftc va phdt trien tu duy,
giup hgc sinh tdi hien lgi cdc
Ngay nhgn bai 29/9/2012; Ngay duyft dang 25/12/2012
kim logi theo hudng dgy hpc tfeh cyc
H N Q l DUNG Sdch gido khoa Hda hgc 12 phan kim logi gom ba chuong (chuong 5, 6, 7) trong dd co chinh Ii, phdi triln v d m d rgng 6 bdi luypn tap Cdc bdi hpc kien thuc cho hgc sinh Day Id vg kim loai hodc chuong kim dgng bdi hgc khdng the thieu
trong chuong trinh cua mdn hgc
Tuy nhien, qua thye tg dgy hge cho thdy, da sd gido vien thudng ed tam ly ngai day cdc bai luypn tgp ddc biet trong cac dgt dy gid, thao gidng hodc cdc hgi thi vi khd lya chgn phuong phdp de td chuc hgc sinh hogt dgng lich cue, phuang phap dgy hgc chu yeu dugc dp dyng la lipt kg kien thftc, tao ra cdm gidc nhdm chdn, khdng kich thich dugc hihig thu hgc tap ciia hgc sinh,
vi vay bai viel nay se dua ra mgt sd ggi y giiip giao vien
su dung LDTD de thilt k l va
logi thudng gdm cdc phan: vi tri vd cdu tgo nguyen tft, linh chat vdt li, tfnh chat hda hpc, dieu che, img dyng, cdc hgp chat tieu bieu
Cd the torn tdt hogt dpng dgy vd hgc tidt luypn tgp bai nguygn td kim logi, nhom nguygn Id kim logi vdi LDTD thdnh cdc budc chinh nhu sau:
1 Buvc 1 C h u a n bj Chuan bi ciia gido vign va hgc sinh la yeu td quyet djnh den chat lugng va sy thdnh cdng ciia tiet luypn lgp
Chudn bi cua gido
v/en.Gido vidn xde djnh myc ligu bdi hgc, lya chgn phuang phdp va phuang tipn cigy hpc
Trang 2phu hgp vdi rigi dung cua
bdi, sau dd thiet kg gido dn
bang LDTD vdi sy ho ttg
cua cde phan mem tin hge
nhu Mindjet MindManager,
Concept Draw.Mindmap
Pro.v5.2.2, e-Min(IMap_4.0
Chudn bi ciia hgc sinh:
Sau khi ket thiie mdt chuong
hay mdt hgc phan, giao vien
yeu cau cac nhdm hpc sinh
(mdi nhdm lu 4-6 em) lap mgt
LDTD tdng hgp cae kiln thftc
CO bdn teong chuong, vdi tft
khda la ndi dung chinh cua
ehucmg (cd the la tieu de cua
ehuang) Mdi hgc sinh trong
nhdm sg phu teach mgt mang
cua ndi dung chfnh tuong
ling vdi mdt nhanh chinh cua
LDTD, thidt lap mdi lien he
cua ngi dung kien thftc minh
phu ttdch vdi cac nhanh ndi
dung kien thuc khac ttong
LDTD
Gido vien khuyen khich hgc
sinh phat huy tdi da su sdng
tao, nang khidu hdi hga, ket
hgp sft dung nhieu mau sac,
hinh anh minh hga lam ndi bat
kidn thuc ttgng tam, thu hiit
dugc sy chu y, giiip ngudi dgc
de nhd, de lien tudng
Giao vien cd the hudng dan
hgc sinh thiet ke LDTD theo
quy trinh sau:
a Xdc dinh tir khda cua
LDTD la ten nguyen to kim
logi hogc tin nhom nguyen to
kim logi
b Lap cdc nhdnh chinh
cua LDTD, la cac phdn kien
thftc chinh, cd the gdm: cdu
tao nguyen tft, tinh chat vat
If, tinh chat hda hgc, dieu che,
ftng dyng, cac hgp chdt tieu
bilu, Trong timg nhdnh
chinh cd the chia thanh cdc nhdnh nhd rtiiu: tinh chdt v^t
If gdm nhipt dg sdi, nhi^t d0 ndng chd>^ ti khdi, Tinh chdt hda hgc gdm: tac dyng vdi phi kim, axit, dung djch muoi,
c Thiet lgp moi -liin hf giua cdc nhdnh Vi dy: tft
cau tgo nguyen tft kim loai
ed thd dy doan dugc linh chat hda hgc, tu tinh chat hda hgc
cd the dy dodn dugc phuang phap dieu che, tu cac tinh'thW vdt li cd thl dy doan dugc cdc ftng dyng,
Ngoai lign he cdc kien thftc teong chuong, hpc sinh cd thd lign he vdi cac kien thuc ciia cdc ehucmg khac ttong chuong trinh
thl ldp, hgc sinh trong nhdm phy trdeh phdn nao se trinh bdy phdn dd
Hogt d0ng 2: Hgc sinh cdc nhdm-khdc sg ddng gdp, b l sung y kiln cho nhdm bgn, gido vidn Id ngudi hudng dan, chlnh sfta giiip hgc sinh hodn thi§n LDTD
Hogt dOng ndy giup hgc sinh dn tgp va ndm viing cac kiln thftc bai hgc mdt each nhanh chdng dong thdi ren cho hgc sinh thai do tu tin khi ndi trudc tap the, thuyet trinh trudc dam ddng, tinh than hgp tdc va lam viec theo nhdm hieu qua
b Van dung kien thirc de ldm mgt so bdi tap lien quan
2 Budc 2 To chftc hoat dong day vd hgc trSn ldp
Mpt tiet luyen lap thudng
cd cau tnic gdm hai phan chinh: On tap kien thuc co bdn can nam viing va van dyng kien thftc de Idm mdt sd bdi tap lidn quan Trong timg phan giao vign cd the chia thdnh nhieu hogt ddng^ nhd
a On tap kien thuc ca ban can ndm vimg (15-25phut)
Hoat dgng 1: 2-3 nhdm hpc sinh len bao cao, thuyet minh
ve LDTD cua nhdm trudc tdp
(15-25phiit)
Giao vien lya chpn mpt sd bdi tap phu hgp de cung cd kien thuc bai hgc cho hgc smh LDTD giup hpc sinh de dang thay dugc mdi lien he giua cac kien thftc co ban vdi cac dang bai tap lidn quan tft do khac sau va nhd Idu kien thftc
c Cung CO kien thirc bdi hgc (5 phdt)
Gido vien yeu cau mdi hgc sinh vg nhd lap mgt LDTD
vd ndi dung kien thftc ttong chuong teen co sd da duge
Trang 3chinh sfta, bo sung Day Id tdi
li^u cho hgc sinh khi cdn dn
tgp ho$c xem lgi cdc kiSn thftc
dd hgc
3 Vi dy: Dgy bdi 37
Luypn tfip: Tinh chdt hda
hj^c cOa sftt vd hgp chdt ciia
sdt (SGK Hda hfc 12)
dodn phuong phdp dilu chl, trgng thdi ty nhign Ngodi ra hgc sinh cd thl lidn h$ vdi cdc kicn thftc khdc dd dugc hgc trong chuong trinh nhu ddy di^n hda cua kim logi, kim logi kilm, kim logi kilm tho, nhdm
Hgc sinh da dugc hgc ve
Sal trong chuong trinh tdp 9,
den Idp 12 hgc sinh dugc tim
hieu sau hem ve tfnh chat ciia
sat va cdc hgp chat ciia sdt Sat
la kim logi cd rat nhieu img
dung trong ddi sdng, vi vdy
giao vien cd the ggi y hpc sinh
su dyng hinh anh trung tam
trong LDTD Id mdt ftng dyng
gdn gui cua sal de thu hiit su
chu y, giup ngudi dgc dd nhd,
de lign tudng
Cdc nhdnh chinh ciia
LDTD cd thg gdm cau tao,
tfnh chat vat li, tinh chat hda
hgc, cdc hgp chat ciia sdt
Hgc sinh thidt lap mdi lidn he
gifta cdc nhdnh trong LDTD,
nhu tft tinh chat vat li cd tinh
nhiem tft img dung dg san xuat
la ban, tft cdu tgo nguygn tu dy
dodn cdc sd oxi hda (+2), (+3)
cua sdt, tinh chat hda hgc cua
sdt, su bien ddi sd oxi hda cua
sdt khi tdc dyng vdi chat khdc
nhau, tu tinh chat hda hgc dy
III KET LUAN Sft dung LDTD trong day hpc ed tinh iing dyng cao vi
cd the dp dyng teong bdt ki dieu kien co sd vat chat ndo eua trudng hge, cd the thidt
ke LDTD tren gidy, bia, bdng phu vdi chi mdu, but, tdy
hodc thiet kg tten mdy tinh vdi cdc phdn mgm hd trg Qua kgt qua thuc nghipm su pham cho thay, su dyng LDTD dgy cdc bdi luyen lap giup hgc sinh sang tgo hom, hftng thii ban, tu
do tich cyc vd dat ket qua cao hon
Ngodi vipc thilt kl LDTD cho cdc bdi luypn tap, gido vien cd the hudng ddn hgc sinh lap LDTD cho bdi mdi, ghi chep kien thftc tten ldp, dn tap khi thi eft, lap kl hogeh ca nhan, minh hga cdc y tudng, quan ly Id, ldp, LDTD thye
su Id mdt cdng cy tu duy hi^u qua mang lgi nhihig lgi ich to ldn ttong hogt dgng dgy vd
hgc, gdp phdn dii mdi phuong phdp, nang cao chat lugng gido dye, hudng hgc sinh din
sy phdt triln todn dipn Id co so
dl xay dyng mgt nen gido dgc tien tiln vd ben vChig diing vdi chu truong ciia Dang vd Nhi nudc la
Tdi lipu tham khdo
1 Nguyen Xudn Trudng, tong chil bien, Sdch gido khoa Hda hgc 12, NXB Gido dgc
2011
2 PGS.TS Nguyen Thj Suu (Chu bign), TS Le Vdn Ndm - Phucmg phdp dgy hpc hda hgc - NXB Khoa hgc va
ky thugt, 2009
3 Biii Phuong Thanh Hudn, "Ddi mdi phuang ph£^ dgy hgc hda hgc d tiudng trung hgc pho thdng viing ddng bdng sdng Cim Long" Lugn dn Tien sT gido dye
hpc-2010
4 Tony Buzan - So dd tu duy - NXB Tdng hgp - TP H6 Chi Minh, 2008
Summary Mind Map is a diagram used colors, visuals to present and expand ideas and il is constructed and developed by Tony Buzan Using Mind MJ^ in studjong is
an active leaming method which helps teachers and leameis to take initiative, flexibility, promote creativity, thinking abihty, ails skill, and create a psychological comfortable This article will give some suggestions to help teachers use the Mind Map for leaming and teaching (I!hemistry
in grade 12 in die part of metal