DANH GIA HIEU QUA nCH HUP GIAO DUC Vl SINH AN TOAN THIIC PHAM INGDAYHOCPHAN HDA HOG iliJIlCIIIHilAHpCII GHIIONGTRi NANG CAO) ThS VU PHL/ONG UEN" Nhung nam gan day, hien tugrng ngo dpc thuc pham tfd ne[.]
Trang 1DANH GIA HIEU QUA nCH HUP GIAO DUC Vl SINH AN TOAN THIIC PHAM INGDAYHOCPHAN HDA HOG iliJIlCIIIHilAHpCII-GHIIONGTRi NANG CAO)
ThS V U P H L / O N G U E N "
Nhung nam gan day, hien tugrng ngo dpc thuc
pham tfd nen r ^ p h o b i a i , vivay viec giao due
ve sinh an toan thuc pham (VSATTP) ctio
cong dong noi chung vacho hpc sinh (HS) noi rieng
ngay cang cap thiet Woa/7pc(IHH) la mon l<hoa hpc
CO moi quan he chat che v i i npi dung ve VSATTP
Nhiing l<ien thiic HH segiup HS giai thich dupc: each
siidung cac hoa chat cam tmng bap quan, che bien;
cac nguy ep nhilm dpc khisudung thuc pham lihong
dung lieu luong, quy trinh ; hinhSng hieu bietdo.cp
thetim ra nliiing bien phap ngan ngila va giai quyet
cac hien tucmg ngp dpc thue pham Dpng thoi, viee
tich hep giao dye VSATTP trpng mdn H H lam elio
men hpc co y nghla, gay hdng thu vdi HS hon, qua
do, hieu qua hpc tap dupc cat thien Trong nhunq
nam qua, van de ttiuc pham, VSATTP da dupe de
cap trong day hpc HH Tuy nhien, thdi lupng ccn it; ve
kien thilc/noi dung tich hop: chu yeu la gidi thieu mpt
each Chung nhat ye thuc pham, an tpan ttiuc pham
ma chua chl ra mpi lien quan vdi npi dung balhpe cu
the; ve phucing phap day hpc: chu yeu la thuyet trinti
tmc quan b^ng tranh anh finh Cach giang day nhu
vay chua dat dupc hieu qua cap ca ve npi dung H H
cung nhu giap due VSATTP
Bai viet nay xac djnh nhung ngi dung CO th§'tich
hpp giao due VSATTP vatien hanh thuc nghiem s u
pliam nhim muc dieh danh gia miie dp dat muc tieu
ve kiS'n thiic, kT nang, thai dp cua HS khi tich hpp
giap duo VSATTP trong day hpc phan HH hOu ca
(HH11 - chuong trinh nang cap)
1 N p l d u n g cdthetich hpp giao due VSATTP
phan "HH huu cor" (xem bang 1)
2 Nguyen t i c xay diing ke hoach day hpc
tich hpp giao due VSATTP
Muc ti§ud^hpcphai dam bap vua nang cap dupc
nhan Ihiic, k ^ qua Iipc t ^ mdn HH, vua nang cap
nhan thiic cua HS ve van de: an toan thuc pham,
VSATTP Npi dung day hoc HHkhi tich hpp giap due
VSATTP cpihedmptphan hoac mptsdnpi dung ciia
bai hoc nhu: cau tao phan t i , tinh clial vat li, tinh chat
HH, dilu che va ung dung Phuong phap day hpc khi
Bang 1 Nhung ndi dung phan HH huu CO CO lhe&:h hgp giao due VSA TTP
m dung HH
Bdi 35: Ankan B^ 40- Anken
Bai41:Anlcadien
BAi42;K)i^
liemvetecpefl
Bii 43- Ankin
e^46:
BenzenaByl benzen
Bii 47: Stiren vd
Naphtalen
B3i51' Dlnxu^t halogen cua hidrocacbon
BJi 54: Ancol
BdJ 55: PI»Kri
Ba 58 A n d ^
-Xeton
BSi 60 Axilcacboxylic
NOI dung giio due VSATTP Quy trinh bao qucln tnJng gd bing d ^ parafh Polieblen (RE) dOng dg sSn x u ^ bao bi di/ng ^ A ;
pham gidp bia qain thgc p h ^
SS dung Pheromon din di; difpc birdm siu gay
haj cSy trong se g i ^ di/dc s6 luUng thuoc bao
ve Ihi/c v$t dS tigu di$t Chung iam cho thuc p h ^ sach hdn
each sif dung ca r6t ca ctiua g ^ (chia caroten) phd hQp
Sd dung d ^ dan OS giim hoa qud Chat benzm g3y b ^ ung thi/ vin Citfc sH dung
vdi ham liJdng cao trong mdt s6 km do uOng
Siidung hop xdp hOp nhua dung thUC ph&n ( 1 ^ bing Polistiren) nhi; thg nio cho an toin Teflon (poll tetrailoetilen* (-CFj-CF^-Jn-dung iam chtit ct)6ng dinh cho xoong chio: KhOng ddng
xoong chSo cd Idp chiing dinh bi bong ra dS
khfie
- Mat \(A va mat hai ciia ru\}u d6i v& siic kttde
- Vi sao nldu qii cd <t\6 lim cl)£t ngifOi?
Ctial phu gia thi/c phjm E232- Natn ortliophenyl
Nd la mu6i natn ciia 2- phenyl phenol
Si) dung Foocmon trong' bio quin va ch^ b i ^ banh phd "gSy hai cho silC kt)6e
• Disig vitamin C bka cao cd khi nang g i ^ marfi S[}c d^ khang cua cd Vii chdng b ^ c ^
lanh
• NhQng cdng dung bit ngd cua giim an dii vdi siJickhde
tieh hpp giao due VSATTP ttiudng la suket hpp inh hpat cua mot sd phuang phap nhu: neu va giai q u y ^ van de, dam ttioai tim toi, day hpc nhom, tnjcquan Khi ttiiet ke cac hoai dpng eiia giao vien (QV) va HS can
dam bao GV ia ngudi hudng dan, td ehiic cac tinh
hudng hpc tap, giai dap tti^ m4c; HS chu dpng ttiam gia vap qua trinh nhan ttiiic, qua dd, hinh ttianh duoc cackinang:ttiuyeltrinh,lam viec nhdm,raquyeldinh Qua nghien ciiu.ehiing tdi xay dung kehoach tieh hep
giao due VSATTP trong day hpc phan 'HH hOu of
(HH11,chuong 6,7) (xem bmgi\
* TnAng fiai hoc Giao dgc - fiai boc qD6c gia Ra Npi
Tap chi Giao due so 363 53
Trang 2Muctieu
-Giaitheh
dUdc nguyen
dUdc dung de
giim chin hoa
qua va ll do
khi nem dil
den xuong ao
lam cho ca
chet hang kiat
dua vao phin
di^u ch^ va
tinh chit HH
cua axeuien
- Nhan bi£t
difdc mot so
khi gi^m bing
dit Ohn qua
mau sic va
miii vi va n6m
dat den xuong
ao \i mOt
tfong nhJng
nguygn nhin
\im cho ci
chit
Ndi dung
KM
-Tmh
chitHH
ciia
axeuien:
phan
ling
cong
-Silu
ch^
axEtJten
iLfdat
den
Noi dung
VSATTP
• Anh hudng
Ciia dat 6in
tffithUcvat
(giim hoa
q u i kich
^ich dia ra
hoa bai vu)
va vdi dgng
vat { n ^ dit
den xufing
chit)
Noi dung
VSAHP
-Cachh/a
chon, bao
quan va su*
dung hoa
qua, ca tUdi
ve sinh, an
toan
PPDH
- Oam thoai
goi md
- v i n dap
- Thao loan nhdm
Hoat dong cua GVv^HS Sau HII HS vilt xong ptiuong triih dieu ch£ axetaen Irong phdng ttil nghidm (PTN)
GV: Chia 1 ^ thanh 4 nhdnn flidi gian hoat dfing nhdm 10'
Nhiem vu nhdm 1.2:
a Hay ke ten nhjTng biSn phap tht/dng dung d£
gilm chrn hoa qua ma em bl£t7
b Tai sao dat den cung duoc si} dung 66 gilm
chin hoa qua?
Ntiiem vu nhdm 3,4:
Tai sao khi n^m dit den xuong ao cd bi chit hang
[nlu cd)?
Cach chon ca nhu thl nao cho tuoi ngon?
KS Thao luan va cd dai dien tiinh bay
GV Tong kS Vdi nhdm 1, 2- GV gidi thieu th^m bing c l ^ nhihig
dung de giim chin hoa qua Tu dd, dua ra biSn
to do flhiJng hda chit nay gSy la
Vdi nhdm 3 4 GV b6 sung thdng tin va gill
thich dit den la mot loai hda chit dgc hai iam cho ca c h i t Vi vSy, khi di chd mua cd v i chi
khuyen vg each chon ca do mfit s6 chuyfin gia dmh dudng de xuit)
^ xet, ket luan Chung vivipe
dayhpccdsudunggiaoan tich hpp giao due VSATTP, Chung tpi cho HS lam cac bai kiem tra, dong thdi ket hopcachinhttiufc danhgia thdng qua dieu tra, phong van va quan sat Muc Ueu day hpc trong Giao an tich hpp npi dung VSATTP Sa
Anion dupe xac djch a ca
ba phuong dien: ideh thuc,
ifinang, thai do, ket hop vdi
muc tteu ma HS can dat dupc venoidung VSATTP
(xem bang 3)
Viec xay dung muctieu day hpc nhi/vay lacosdde dinh hudng cac hoat dpng day hpc: tdviec hieu eau tao axetilenivietdupc phuong trinh phan ling axetilen vdi S.Thircnghian.Chungtoitienhanhttiucnghiem nude, neu dupc phuong phap dieu che axefflen td
Bai43:Anlfin (HH11 - chuong trinh nang cao) Sau dat den lis dd HS giai thich dupc dat den diing de
khi span giap an ttieo hudng tich hop giao due giam chin hoa qua, nem dat den xudng ao lam ca
VSATTP (xem bangs, bang 4), chiing tdi (en hanh chet GV tich hop cac bien phap giao due VSATTP;
day djdp 11 Tn/dng tmng hpc phd' thdng (THPT) chpn mua hoa qua va ca dam bao VSATTP (xem
Nguyin ThjMinhKhai-TP.HaNpilaldpthucnghiem bang4)
(TN).Vdildpll Tnrdng THPT Viet Ddc-TP Ha 4 Ket qua thuc nghiem
Ndi la Idp ddi ehurig (BC) day hpc ttieo giao an chigidi - Mifc rfp dai muc tau ve Itien thik HH khi tich thieu npi dung ve an toan thi^c pham Hai Idp nay co hop giao due VSA TTP Irong day hgc HH Hieu sd ket qua hpc tap, ket qua kien thdc nen (diem tmng i<ij^_Bf) diem tmng binh gida Idp TN va OC cua cac
binh la 6.11 va 6.17) va ythuc hpc tap dupe danh gia bai kiem tra deu duong: 0.74 -> 1.06 -> 1.07, dieu
la tupng duong nhau De danh gia ket qua sau ttiuc nayehiJmgtpldpTNdatketquaeaehonldpDC.HS
Bang3.t»ucmu,iayhcclichhapg,aoducVSATTP, "J^^J'^f, ^ T l '^^"jji"'^'^'?' hop giao
BaiAnkin due VSATTf trong day hpc HH Sau 3 lan kiem tra, ti
leHS dat diem dudi tmngbinh,tmng binhdkSpTN la 6,38%va21,27%;ldpeCla14,18%va41.13%,til^ HSdatdiSn kha, gididldpTN la 56,03% va16,32%; Idp DC :a31,17% va 13,52% Nhu vay.tich hpp giap due VSATTP da budc dau cai ttiien dupe ketqua hpc tap cua HS vatao dpng co, hdng ttiiichp HS ddiviSi hpc tap mdn HH
-Muc do dat muc Ueu vekien thtic VSATTP khi tich hap giao due VSA TTP trong day hoc HH M uc
dphieu biet eua HSdkSpTN vecac van de VSATTP tmdc khi tich hpp ehl dat dudi miirc tmng binh
(12%-21 %), sau khi tich hpp da dat dupe muc kha (76%-86%) Day chinh la su chuyen bien kha rp ret trong
Kienthijc
• Niu duUc khai n i ^ cong thdc chung
cdaaMn
- ^ dutjc cfing thdc ciu tao, goi ten
thdng thudng va thay thl
• Chdng minh duoc tinh chit HH ciJa
ankin dua vio ciu tnic phan h) va
chdng mmh dUdc cac hifin tuting trong
chin hoa qui va ngm dit den mong ao
HH cua axeHen
- Du doan dut^ dng dung, phuang phap
dilu chl axetilen
- So sinh duQc tinh chit HH cua ankin
vaanken
Kin3nq
- Vifit dUdc phUdng tiinh phan litig the hien tinh chit HH cua anion, minh chdng cho ndi dung VSATTP dd dmh tich hdp
- Dung phan d)ig
HH de nhan ttiel axeSlen va cac
dQngdSngank-l-in
- Tlnh duac Bianh phan % v l the tich khi trong hon hdp
Thai do -HSnhan
Ankin d3c tnetla axehlencd nhieu dhg dung tmng
•Cfi^thdc trong viec
sddung hoa qua,
ca
an loan
Trang 3bM Ankin
2 Oinodino
dllng pfdd danh
TrSTciS^
icOaanUn
15 phfl)
4TlnlichitHH
cuaarion
(ISphiit)
5 Diiu chi,
ikigdung
(to phdt)
COngciva
tuMno din hgc
dnha
(3 phdi)
Phuann phia dw hoc
T l c h h « U i t ^ H H W
chuy^visuraddiciia
eV: Din (tat chit diu day ding ding la Axeblen ma HS dUOc hoc d idp9
GV: Trinh chiiu md hinh ptanfSatsSen ' veu ckiHS nhan xei cong tbOciBc di&n clu t^o cua axefilen tir
thiil lap cdng IhOc, vifit d ^ phaa GVHiMngdanHSdoctfin
HS Quan sai mo tati phan Id, nhan xfit thill lap cdng thilc phan td arian Vifit iBng ph^i va goi Ifin ^^ GV: Yfiu d u HS doc sich ^ khoa va tdm tit y ctiinh vao vd
HS-Ghi bai
cam tho^i gqi md
v i n dip
Thuyil trtnh Uch cue
Hoat dpng cua GVvaHS GV: i J n i M Dft td ldp din dit ¥30 bat m$
HS' l i n g itffK tap fiing vao bai mdi
GV: Din dit HSbdH hfi thing CW hoi v i » i i chil HH cda anion diA via d}c diim ciu I30
HS Tia Ui cac cau hiii v i ^ cac phuong trinh phan dtig dudi sU hudng din cua GV
Rifing phin uhg axeSen cdng nidc (HgSOt WK) tao andehit axebc,
GV yd thifiu qua v l tfic hai ciia d i l t nay lam Gin dfi cho HS tia Idi cau
hdi d [diin difiu chfi dng ( M v (cd ndi duig tich hi?p giio due VatTTPl
GV t i chDc cha HS hoat dgng nhdm nhu da blnh tiSy d bang 2
HS Thaolu3nvatmht>avyid^
GV; G(^ y HS chu 1^ t M chit HH cua axe&len (phan Ung cgng nddc tao andetHt inh hUdng din hfi hap cua ca)
GV nhan x ^ cfiu ta IA cac nhdm, i>6 sung thdng bn Tir dd de xuit
cac bifin phip tiong vific kia chgn, sd dimg hoa qua va ca an toan
ihgdvng
litnh chiiu clip cac i»iD difig cda aiMn dac bifil la axeblen, HS: Tl/ ghi chfip tai cac ain dung
Nghifin cdU ntHJhg n$i Amg cd lifin quan din Dfii hoc qua cac tai lifiu
Nim vfhg kiln Ihuc cd ban cua bai hqc
Tl/ Bm hilu mfit sd vin dfi vfi VSATTP liong cujc song
dung (Jan khi^gap phai tinh humg cutheve VSATTP trong thi/cte
Tich hep giao due VSATTP tiDng day hpc
HHdua fren viec kk htjp
fmh hoat cac dang bai tap, cau hoi, tinh huong lien quan toi chude VSATTP
da mang lai ket qua kha quan Viec tich hop vija gop phan nang cao su hung thiJ, hieu quaday hpc
bp mon; viJa giao due va hinh thanh kTnang, thaidd
tich cue doi v6i ve^i de
VSATTP cho HS trong cuocsong hien nay •
Tai li^u tham khdo
1 BO GD-DT "Hudng
ddn thuc hi^n chudn ki/n thiic, kl ndng mdn Hda hgc ldp 11".Ukmi2009
2 NguySn Diic Lugrng
-Pham Minh TSm V^ sinfa
va a o toan thirc p h a m NXB Dai hgc ki thudt TP
Hd Chi Minh, 2005
3 Nguydn XuSn Tnrcmg 385 cau hoi va ddp An vi hoa hpc va doi stfng NXB Gido dy.c, H 2006
4 Xavier Roegirs Khoa sir p h a m tich hQqp hay lam
the nao de p h a t trien cac ndng \ac & nha trudng
t^XB Gido due, H.1996
nhan thiic cua HS Tich hcfp giao due VSATTP trong
day hoc HH da t w thanh kenh thong tin bo ieh tac
dpngdennhanthirccijaHS.dlcp DC, kien tiiuc eua
HS v^cac npi dung VSATTP trade va sau khi tich
hpp v i n d mtJc ducrt tmng binh Nhu vay, cac em
chua CO su chuyen bien nhieu trong nhan thuc ve
VSATTP
i - ^ ^ '.- .- S.NgOMinhOanh-TruongCengThanh.'TAKCfrti/iP -Muc tig dat mijc tieu ve ki nan^: HS biet Itja ^^^ ^^^ „.,^ ^^ pf^„ y,^^ ;„.^„ „^y ,^ ^^ ^^aiphdt chpn, bap quan va su dung thue pham ve sinh an ,^g„ ^^uang trinh, sdch gido khda cho gido due phd
toan ,dongthdicodieukiencaithienmpts6kinang thang Viii Nam sau 2015" Hoi thao day hpc ifch
nhu:thuy§ttrinh,hc^tac,lam viec nhom; bUffC dau hgp, day hoc phan hoa Truang Dai hpc su pham
coduflc nhQng phuang phap, each thuc kham pha T P H 6 Cht Minh, 2014
npi dung van de khoa hpc nho
- Mtic do dat muc tieu vethaidaSau khi tich hdp S U M M A R Y giao due VSATTP trong day hoc HH, tai kJp TN eo
now '.L:A'» u o „ i k, ;'_u r i i / j : - u u'_w, •• J - Recently, there are more and more interests in 93% y kien HS cho rang each GV lich hpp giao due stud,u,gJd discoveringth^M^^t^ieducaoon m VSATTP vao day hgc la rat thu Vj (ldp DC la 31%) teaching, in this papa Wc research on some
Inte-CdngopphantaOhungthUChoHStronghpCtip.Ket mg organic chemistry and to assess die
effecUve-qua dieu Ira chi thay da so HS lop TN (70%) muon "T!'!S!!^T"ni''i",^iZfI,'°'^^u'^'" 'T"',
^ , , J.,„ _„, ^ / mg ll"'grade OrganicChemistiy on the results of nollenyl(ienCuaminhveVSATTP(ldpfiCla30%) leamlngandcogmaon.atutudestowardsfoodaafety Nhung nhu cau tam iitranghgctapsehinhthanhcho of students
Tap chi Gido due so 363 55