NHIING THUAN Ifll VA KHD KHAN KHI SH DUNG PHITONG PHAP DAY HOGVI i i MOT S l TROONG CAD HANG SO PHAM TtiS UONG TH! L£ NA'''' 1 Muc tieu dao tao giao vien cua cac tn/dng su pham ia dao tao nhiing giao vie[.]
Trang 1NHIING THUAN Ifll VA KHD KHAN KHI SH DUNG PHITONG PHAP
TtiS UONG TH! L£ NA'
1 Muc tieu dao tao giao vien cua cac tn/dng su
pham ia dao tao nhiing giao vien/nha giao due nam
vQng tri ttiuc chuyen mdn, cd kha nang hoat ddng
giao due; gidi nghiep vu, tam huyet vdi nghe; cd
dao ddc taong sang, lap tnrdng tu tudng virng vang;
day va hpc tap sudt (3di, cd nhan each va nhiJng
ptiam chat cua ngudi thay ; phat huy dupc nang
lue supham cua ban ttian trong ITnh vi/c giao due,
day hpc, dap ting nhu cau hpc tap va giang day d
cac trudng su pham Day hgc Vimo (DHVM) ia
phuong phap day iipc (PPDH) lay "hoat ddng cua
ngudi hpc lam tmng tam", cho ngucrt hoc tu nhan
xet ban than, sau dd giao vien mdi cd niiung nhan
xet, gdp y, ddng vien, khich le de ngudi hpc phat
trien tdt nhat nang luc cua minh Phuong phap nay
da chiing minh dupc hieu qua trong dao tao giao
vien d Hoa Ki, cac nude chau Au, mdt sdquqc gia
cd nen giao dtjc phat taien khac tren tiie gidi 0 Viet
Nam, DHU'Wcung da dupc nghien cuu va ling dting
dmdtsdtn/dngdaihpcvacaoding supham Muc
tieu cua phuong phap la tiidng qua viec ren luyen,
sinh vien (SV) hinh thanh va phattrien nang luc su
pham; khi ra tn/d^g, SV cd tiie dap dng dMc yeu
cau cua xa hdi trong ttidi dai CNH, HDH dat nude
DHVM cho phep ren luyen cac nang luc day hoc,
giao due thong qua cac bai hpc vi md duoc ttiiet ke
chu dao, tien hanh dudi su kiem soat cua giang vien
(G V) vdi st; ttiam gia tich cue eua SV
2 Nhiing thuan lpi va l(hd khan khi su dung
DHVM a cac trudng cao dang su pham
Chung tdi da tien hanh dieu taa, nc^hien cuu vdi
600 SV ttiudc 3 ttudng (TiUdng Cao dang su pham
Binh Phude, Tnrdng Cao dang su pham Thai Binh
vaTnrdngDaihoc Pham Van Dwig), nam hpc
2014-2015, cung vdi 60 GV cua 3 taudng detim hieu nhung
ttiuan Ipf va khd khan khi su'dung PPDH nay Ketqua
dieutaactittidnhusau:
2.1 Nhirng thuan Igi va kho khan dd'i vdi G V
thudng gap trong DHVM:
• Thuin to?(xem bang 1)
Bang 1 Nhimg lhu$nl0'GVff}udng gap Irong DHVM (Trong do: 1 Rat lhu$n lgi 2 Thuin loi; 3 Binh Uiudng:
4 it thuin It?!) •r^ t-A^
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
g
10
11
12
13
14
NOiduna
5Vhttigltiu,ttchGilC
SV ctiuSn bi U l m$t cich dtc liD
sv h; en ktiSno (I[nh klii n i i ^ cda minh
Nhjn xit tu nhin xfl cia SV
SV Fmti hOi mc Unh ngtiKm tD
Oi^v/cd/ ban Xill[tinhhu6nabStnad l/ng xt} sU ph^in l^oa hoc PhSl huy khi ning sing tao cQa
SV R6n nghi^D vu sU Dhsiii cho SV PhStln^n ning li;c supham
GV dinh gii dung ning lut ciia tdrnSV
Qinh gii si/ ti; tin llnh hoat, sing tao cGa SV Rgn cho SV ning li/c sir pham trong cic man hoc
GV nhin thiy hlnh inh ciJa mW\
NhOhg thuin l<^ khic
MDCi
1 78.3 86,7
33,3
SS,3
33,4 0,0 75,0 78,3
100
70,0
100
100 75,0
2 m7 13,3
20.0
0,0
46.6 50.0
ei,7 0,0
30,0
0,0
0.0 25.0
l ( » c ^ 3"^
0.0*
13.4
0,0
0,0 50,0 5,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
0,0
0,0 0,0 13,4
•4 .(ypL (i>^ 16,7
0.0
20,0 0,|1 0,0 0.0 0,0
0.0
0^0
0,0' 0.0 o:a
Bang I eho thay, ed nhflng thuan lpi rat eo ban
trong qua trinh day hpe bJnghinhthiJcDHVM,gom:
- Ren luyen nghiep vusupham cho SV, PhaltrA nang iuc supham cho SV, banh gia suu in, Inh hoat,sanglaocuaSV,RenchoSVnanglucsuphm Irong cac mon hoc, nhflng tieu chi thuSn lpi nay cac
GVdIu lua chpn ia100%;-Sl/c/ii/ahW6a/m^ca5/i
doc lap, Nhan xetva tunhan xet cua SVS^b^ror^
nhflng tieu chi nay GV cung chpn chiem t^ le cao tur
86-88,3%; - SVrathdng Ihu, ticii cue, Phathuykhi nang sang tao cua SVdeu chi§'m mpt t? le kha cao
78,3% Ben canh do, con nhieu thuan lpi l<hac khi sii dung phuong phap nay
-Khdkhan {xem bang2)
* TrnSng lUodaiigstfphanBhibPbHttc
30 Tap chi Giao due so 363
(ki 1 - 812015)
Trang 2(Tiong do: I Raii(hd ldian;2 Kho khan: 3 Binh
thucng:4.itkh6khanj
n
1
2
3
5
6
7
8
9
to
NOiduno
SV cdn e ngai, (dua tl/til
dAqnOcIA)
CO sdvat era ch^aiUp
tlngtUIcyeuclu
SV chua chu iJOiq
SVtronamMUD n i i nana
\Wiiiaa\aa\iotAtti6a
TtalMipandiutifcOnQ
silc cho bij giing
Bin ttian chua hOna ttii
Anh huihg tidl phnng phip
day hoc tniyb thdm
Bin thin chua IhMC SI;
Midi lti90vA PPDH VimO
KiftiglM khan khic
1 0.0
0,0
0 0
100
0,0
0.0
0,0
30.0
0,0
0.0
? 53.3 83.3 30.0 0.0 91.7 58,3 83,3 36.6 50.0 26,7
3 0,0 0.0 0.0 8,3 41.7 16.7 0.0 0.0 25.0
4 18.3 0.0 33,3 0,0
0,0 0,0 43.4 0,0 0.0
Bang 2 cho thay, kho khan Ion nhat ma GV gap
phai khisfldung PPDH Vi mo la: S f c i i a mpri^qua
dong Ngoai la, con mpt so kho khan khac nhfl: Anh
hUdng bdi PPDH tmyen Ihdng: Thdi gan tren tdp
chua du: Ban than chua hung thu, Cd sd vit chat
chua dap dng dudc
Co the noi, DHVM la mpt PPDH, nhflng cung
chinh la mpthinh thflc day hpc Doi vdi bp m6n/?en
luyen nghkp vu supham, day bing phflong phap
nay tn/dc khi SV di thuc tap se mang lai ket qua ngoai
mong dpi Tuy nhi§n, also SV dong cung giam mat
phan nao hflng thu cua ngflcii GV
2i Nhung thuin lal va khd khan cua SVkhl
hgc PPDH vimd:
• Thuan tglixem bangSj
Bang3 Nhiing thuin k;ikhiSVh</c vdiPPDH vimo
TT
1
7
4
6
7
a
4
10
fMUMg
DHVHatiriiMtllpglina
INuiid
HocdUUCBtaiU
HgcAMCttMrcOaMtaSP
MIIMiBdilmvlklikilHin
IWiilildaNinnlwiNnii
nriAlDMy (dng M: BfiAp
edi bfa M i
flOQcHtilnnlnoWEeiiibln
M B
Hoc iraM M tMu od cao hoi
n k
MdCdt
G
a
311
376
415
215
531
416
192
411
X
% 51.8 62,6
692
67,0
88.5 69,3 32J>
G8A
X
8M
SL
162
122
80
52
0
122
63
U
•Dnp
% 27J) 20,4
MA
6./
OJ) 2DJ 10J 0.1
X
KMki{
SL
127
102
0
333
GO
62
345
134
X
%
215
174)
175
<y>
555
115
10.4
575
22.4
X
bm ftann)«/i; tuy nhien, 57,6% SV lai chpn "khong
dung", vdi li do: thieu tfl til, thieu trai nghiem
-Kh6Uian{)iism bang4) Bang4.NhiingkhdkhankhiSVhxvdiPPDHvimd
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
S
9
10
11
Hoidirg
DWMiaB lit iMtu flidi pan cong sO: chuii bi bai tftapfpinii BaqKnHnffiagiftsa Kldog ding ptiMng phip dWiUfc Sangdlikhicpliahl^ia
I f i n V ^ cua nunh Thi£u nbOig Irang tiet bj Ldp vddOnn ThdilpntenUpcdh^
n^c&cHgqinhaig nguHoiatav Dfli U l cfl v i ban dMi ^ chua cMhh xic # ciia tic D0
Nhanxfttaig.t4L s9 miliana i* kiin khic
Mijcdfl Dun
SL
477
301
427
386
512
600
298
246
488
112
%
79.5 50.2 71.2 64.3 85.3
100 81,2 49,7 41.0 61.3 18,7
BMithuemg
a
123
217
0
0
0
0
0
76
0
X
%
20.5 36.2 0.0 0.0 0,0 0,0 0,0 12,7 0,0
X
n d n g A ^
SL
0
82
173
214
88
0
113
302
278
112
X
%
0.0 13.6 28,8 35J 14.7 0.0 18,8 50,3 46,3 18,7
X
Sanp^chothay.thuankifnhatdoivdiSVdola: Tu
nhinthi^nangldcsuphamcuabanthan,^y\am&t
yeu to lat quan tipng, ia dpng luc cho SI/ phat liieh
Yeu toIhuan k;iithfl2 chinii la Rutkinhnghiem vatu
ran luyen (87%) Mpt diem ma nhom dieu tra cho 1^
Bang 4 eho thay, doi vdi ca G V va SV, khd khan
nhat van la i:^ qua dongva tidigian tren ldp laico
han, lai tfiji§u tiang Ihietbiday vahgc Co tdi 71,2%
SV cho ling khong si} dung phudng phap nay sau
khira tnJdng cung day duac Theo chung toi, li do
chinh ia khi day cho SV, GV khong noi la dang sfl ding phucmg phap gi, SV vin hpc, van tam makhdng bi^minh dang Ihiic hanh theo phuongphap DHVM Day ia mpt kho khan k)n, SV khong bilt ten cua
phuong ghap, chua hiai pove phuang phap DHVM
nhung van 1 ^ theo
3 DHVM ia mpthinh thflc day hpc hieu qua; dae
biet doi vdi mdn Ren luyen nghiep vu supham va
PPDH bg mdn D e phat trien nang luc cho SV su
pham, tiong day hpc,tap giang khong ttethieij l i n h
bdiig' cua PPDH vimo DHVM la mpt mat xfch
quan trpng noi SV tfl li thuyet den thuc hanh, tiJ kho kien thiJe "batdpng'trdnen "sinh dpng' Tuy nhien,
de siidung hieu qua phuong phap nay, can: - Sund luc ldn cua ca thay va tro (tam huyet, thdi gian, cdng sflc ): - G V can duoc ghi nhan, quan tam hon tul cac cap ianh dao; - Ldp khong nen qua ddng (iam
(Xem 6ap trang 27}
Tap chi Gido due so 363 I 31
Trang 3lan khac
2.7 Nghe ldi dgc truy&i qua bang ghi am ket
hgp theo doi chu viet va tranh minh hga tren
sach in
Cach tiwi hanh
Budc I.GV iija chgn tmy&i^nh CO chi7, chuan
bi bang ghi im kjilcectja ciu tmyen do
Btfdc 2 Cho tre ghep doi hoic tao nhom nho va
cung nhau thio kiin vecuoh sach tuyen tre da It/a
cftpn.GVbao quatgiup ddta^e taong qua tainh ta^ettiao
luan, Wiuyen khich tae ndi ve y tudng cua minh va dl/
doan cau chuyen
BUiJc 3 Cho OB nghe bang ghi im Icet hap vdi
xemsxh
Budc 4 Cung ca G V cd tiie dpc lai cho tre nghe
sau ddcho tae dpc bit chudc h^cacau chuyen Hoac
ga vai tae dpc t ^ fen dpc lai mpt each ti-di chay cho ca
ldp nghe
Nhung bien phap chiing tei dua ra cd mdi quan
he chatche vdi nhau, khdng cd bien phap nao la sd
mdt, ma hieu qua chi dat duac khi cac bien phap
dupe sudung ddng tiidi, xen ke Idng ghep vdi nhau
GV khi ap dung can linh hoat, sang tao va hop li, phli
hpp vdi dac diem, hiing thii cua tre Ben canh dd
cung can cd tiidi gtan tac ddng tiiudng xuyen ttii
hieu qua mcScao Odng ttidi, can dam bao phuang
tien,taangttiietbj,ph6ng hpc, may chieu, man hinh,
sach tnjyen sunang ddng sang tao cua G V vdi su
quan tam chi dao sat sao cua nha tnidng Cd nhu
vaymcltanghieu qua cua hoat dpng hinhtiianh kha
nang dpc cho tre •
T&iU#u t h a m khdo
1 Nguyen Thanh Hung Kl nfing dpc hieu vfin ban
NXB DQi hoc supham, H 2011
2 Trin M^nh Huong "C3n quan tSm d^y ire mSu
giao nhUng gi di hgc ttft itiOn Tie'ng Vi$t a ldp 1"
T^p chi Gido d^c mdm non, stf
4/2008-3 Otto Beverly P h a t trien k h a n3ng doc viet tu6i
m4ni non (ban dich tir li^ng Anh cua Dinh Hfing Thai)
NXB Pearson Hoa Ki 2009
4 Dinh H6ng ThSi Gifio t r i n h p h a t t r i l n ngdn n g *
turfi mAm non NXB Dgi hpc supham, H 2011
5 Dinh HAng Thdi Gilio t r i n h phfit tri^n kha nfing
t i i n d9C vi£'l tu6i oAm non theo hu&ng tich h o p
fJXB Gidoduc ViitNam H 2014
6 COng li c& phdn L9C Vi$t Phdn m^ni HappyKid
The ability to read and write is an essential part
of every student's learning skill during their school time This plays an important part in helping student acquire knowledge as weU as improve their life expenence Preschools have no responsibility to teach children to read and write but set the foundation for their reading and writing skill This process should l>e conducted during the preschool period, especially the period of5-6years old
Over the last few years, parents and education have paid special attention to developing language skill for their children at the age of five when they are 5 years old before they enter primary school However in r^ard to the requirement for training, there are variety of different opimons about how to from the ability to read and write properly for chil-dren This article aims to figure out the education situation and bring about some solutions for appfy-ingHappyKidssoftware in order to helpchildren hom the age of 5 to 6 in preschool able to read and write
NhOng thuan ldi valdioklian
(Tiep theo trang 31)
han che chat tuong cua day-hpc}; SV can hieu rd ban chat ciia DHVM; - SV can chu ddng, tich cue, sang tao han nuata^ong quatrinh hpe, tutin vao ban tiian dequata'inh hpc tap mang lai hieu qua •
Tfii lieu t h a m khfio
1 Tran Ba Hoanh Khung nfing luc sir pham d6\ vdi nguoi giao vien mo! vao nghe NXB Gido due, H 2001
2 DSng TTianh Hung Cdc bien phdp phdt huy tinh tich cue cua hoc sinh trong gi& len l&p Trung tSm
giao due phd thOng, 199.1
3 Nguygn Canh Toan "Soan bai giang day trfin ldp
theo tinh than dan ddt hpc sinh s^ng t£io tu gi^nh My kifin ihiic" Tap chi Nghiin cuu gido due, sO' 2/1995
4 BO GD-DT Quy dinh Chudn nghi nghiip gido viin trung hoc cosd gido viin trung hgc phd thdng 2009
5 M L Fernandez Investigating how and what prospective teachers learn through Microteaching lesson stady Teaching and Teacher Education 2010
SUMMARY
Advantages and disadvantages of using micro teaching methods Micro teaching is very effective, especially in subject teaching methods To develop pedaffjgical competence for students, micro teach-ing method is indispensible in learnteach-ing, teachteach-ing Micro teaching is an important link connecting stu-den ts from theory to practice, from inert knowledge
to active one
Tap ihi Gido due so 363 I 27