niiii; TRANG VA D I XDAT MOI SO GIAI PHAP NANG GAO NANG IOG TII HOC MON HI l i l l G 00 CHi MINH GHO SINH VI IN mOONG CAO D ING S I I PHAM HA IAY Doi mdi phuong phap day hgc la yeu cau tat yeu trong s[.]
Trang 1niiii; TRANG VA DI XDAT MOI SO GIAI PHAP NANG GAO NANG IOG TII HOC MON HI lillG 00 CHi MINH GHO SINH VIIN mOONG CAO DING SII PHAM HA IAY
Doi mdi phuong phap day hgc la yeu cau tat
yeu trong sunghiep dd'i mdi GD-DT dnudc
ta Xu hudng day hgc theo hudng nang cao
nang luc tuhgc(NLTH)cua ngudi hgc dang trdthanh
phuong cham hanh dpng cua hau het giang vien (G V)
Bay cung la phuong phap giao due can duqc ap dyng
trong day - hgc mon Tuti/SngHoChiMlnhlronq giai
doan hien nay T d thue trang NLTH cua sinh vien
(SV) Trudng Cao dan^ su pham (CDSP) Ha Tay,
Chung tdi dua ra mgtsogiai phap co ban n h i m nang
cao NLTH mon Tutudng Ho Chi Minh cua SV nha
trudng hien nay
1 Quan niem ve "nang l u c " (NL) va " N L T H "
"NL la kha nang lim viee 0t, nhd co pham chat
dao ddc va trinh do chuyen mdn"{'\; tr458) NL cd
tiieduoc hieu theo nghTa tam li hpc, tuc la chdc nang
tam li, cho phep ea nhan thyc hien hoat dgng; hay
dupc hieu ttieg nghia ttiuc hien edn^ viec ttii;c su Dd'i
vdi SV nganh s u p h a m , do dac diem nghe nghiep,
NL thyc hien cong viec can dupc uu tien phattrien
trong qua trinh dao tao
"NL TH la khi ning ti/minh tim tdl, nhin tilde va
van dung klen tiidc vao tinh huong mdi, hoac tUdng ti/
vdichatluc»ig cao"(2; tr 169) NLTH dupe the hien
qua viec ctiu the tu xac dinh dung d i n dgng co hgc
tSp cho minh; cdklia nang tuquan li viec hgc, tich cue
trong eae hoatdgng de tujam viec; dieu chinh hoat
dpng hgc tap vadanh gia ket qua hpc tap cua ban ttian
nhim cd the doe lap lam viec va lam viec hpp tac vdi
ngudi khac,
Cdphathuydupc NLTH, tunghien cdu, SV mdi
hieu sau, nhd lau kien thdc Chinh trong qua trinh
nay,tuduydgclap,tudu^phephan,tuduy sang tao
duoe nay sinh va phattrien.De bien nhdng kien thuc
khoa hpctichliiytdnhieu the hecua nhan loai thanh
ki&'n ttiiic cua chinh minh, ddi hoi mdiS V phaituhpc
Day lacosddengudi hoc cdthehgc suotddi, nang
caotrinhdptrong eupc song
2 Thuc trang NLTH m o n Tu tudng HoChi
Minh cua SV Trudrig CDSP Ha Tay
Chiing tdi da tien hanh khao sat 150 SV cua
ThS P H A M TH! BICH N G Q C Tmdng(nam hgc 2014-2015} dedanh gia thuc trang
tuhgc mon TutiJdngH6ChiMinh6\sa tren cac ngi
dungsau:
2.1 NL TH eua SV bieu hien qua nhan thue ve tam quan trpng cua mon hpe J uhqccovaWroh^t
sue quan trgng vdi SV, gop phan giup eac em ren luyen kha nang tuduy vasang tao cua canhan Hau het S V deu nhan thdc dupc van de tu hpc la can tiiiet khi ap dung theo hgc che tin ehi (94%) va thdi gian danh eho tu hgc la tren 2 gid/ngay (52%) Phan tich tam quan trpng va mdc dp can thiet eua viec ttf hpc
mdn Tutudng Ho Chi Minh, phan Ion SV cho rang:
mon hgc co tinh tiiiet thue (72%), mdc do kien tiidc can hgc (82%); song, cung cd 54% SV cho biet kien ttidc mdn hgc khd, trdu tupn^ va kho khan
2.2 NLTH cua SV bieu hien qua thii dp ttf
hpc bp mon Oe danh gia tiiai do ttr hpc eua SV,
Chung tdi neu cau hoi: Anh/Chitt/hgckhinao7 Muc
dich ti/hgccuaanh/ehiiigl?K^\q[ianQh\en cim cho
ttiay,dasoSVTrudng CDSP HaTayehudpng, tich cue frong hgc tap Trong do, SV tu y thdc vdi viee tu hge eiia minh m6i ngay, vao thdi gian ranh va cd ke hoach, muc dich rorang dedat ketqua cao (62%); de hieu sau kien thde (68%); phattrien tinh tich cue va de chu dpng trong hpc tap (66%)
2.3 NL TH eua S Vbieu hien qua m ue dp thue hien cae kTnang (KN) tuhpc bp mon KN tuhgc
la nhan tdquan trgng nhattrong NLTH cua S V, bao
gdm: xay dung kehoach ti/hgc; It/a chgn tii lieu; iua
ehgn hinh thdc tu hgc; van dung tii thdc vio tiiuc tien; trao doi va phobien thong tin; KN kiem tra,
Ketqua nghien cdu cho thay: SV tiiudng xuyen xem xettongthecaecongviec can lam khixaydung
ke hoach hpe tap (54%); thudng xuydn xem lai ke hoaeh, muc tieu chung eua mon hpe, bai hge (61 %)
Ve KI^ dge saeh, tai lieu: 42% SV khi dge biet lap dan y, tdm t^t ngi dung, ghi lai npi dung quan trgng can ttiiet; 52% S V xae dinh rd m yc dich cua viec dpc
* Tnrtfng Cao dang sir pham Ha Tay
Trang 2sach 0 tren kip, 83% S V tap taing vao nhung phan
G V nhswi manh, luu y; 59% ghi dupc ngidung chinh
cua bai
SV cho rSng: tu hpc ttieo nhdm se giup mpi
nguditiehcucphatbieu, trinh bayquan diem (56%);
tich cue tiep thu y kien cua nhdm (76%); the hien
dupc NLTH va giiip dd ban trong nhdm (65%)
Ngoai ra, SV tu kiem tra, danh gia hoat dpng tu
hpc bSng each dua cae van de va tu tra Idi thudng
xuyen (57%); biet van dung kien thdc da hpc vao
ban than va cudc song (47%)
Nhu vay, da sd SV cua Tardng da nhan tiidc rd
tam quan trpng eua viec nang cao NLTH trong mdn
hpc Tub/mg HoChi Minh Ban Xhan cac em cung
cho r^ng viec tu hpc va nang cao NLTH la can tiiiet
cho minh trong quafrinh hpc tap
Qua phan tich thyctrangveNLTH mdn Tuti/dng
HoChiMinhciiaSVlnjcing CDSP HaTay cdn cho
ttiay mdt so trd ngai, han che can phai kh^c phyc,
nhu: - Mptso SV chua nhan ttiue dupc vai trd, vj tri
cua mon hpc; - Mgt sd SV ludi dge sach, on bai d
nha mac du da dupc trang bj giao trinh, de cuong
mdn hgc; - Cac phuong phap hpc tap tich ci/c dSV
cdn han che; - Thdi lupng giang day mon hpc co
ban la hpp li, song do Idp hgc dong SV, phan bo d
cac khoa khdng ddng deu nen gay khong it kho
khan cho ca G V va SV trong quan li, kiem tra, danh
gia, nhan xet, khen thudng kip tiidi mgt each khach
quan dd'i vdi viec tuhgc
3 De xuat giai phap nh^m nang cao NLTH
cuaSVTrudng CDSP Ha Tay trong day hpc mon
Tutudng HoChi Minh h\en nay
3./.fld/Va/GKDe nang cao NLTH, tunghien
cdu eiia SV, GV can cd su doi mdi ta)ng phuong
phap day hpe va ddl mcfl ngay taing tdng chuong,
qua tdng bai hpc cu the De lam tdt dieu nay, GV
can: - Khong ngdng tu hpc, tu boi dudng chuyen
mon nghiep vu;tich cue ap dyng cac phuong phap
day hpc hien dai trong day hgc; - Xay dung de cuong
mdn hpc, ke hoach day hgc chi tiet Neu rdnpi dung
nao sy phaiti/hpe, tunghien euu, muc dich kien
thdc can datdupc, cactieu chivahinh thdc danh gia
san pham tU nghien cdu, de cuong the hien rd each
thdc, eac budc trien khai cu the eua ngudi day va
ngudihpc, eung nhuphuongphE^ sddung,phuong
tien ho trg; - Danh ttidi gian hudng din S V phuong
phap ti/hpc: xay dung ke hoach ti/hpc, lua ehgn tai
lieu, lua chgn hinh ttidc ju hge, xu li thdng tin, van
dyng tri thdc vao thuc tiln, hudng d&n SV tu kiem
tra, danh gia kien ttiue tu hpe cua minh, gidi thieu
62 Tqp chi Giao due so 361
cho SV cac Website can tra cuu; - Tang cudng cac hinh ttidc day hpc nhdm, trao doi thao tuan, neu len chinh kien cua minh , qua dd yeu cau SV phai nghien ctiu tai lieu, phan tich, mo xecae van detren nhieu khia canh khac nhau deed tfiettiam gia ddng gdp hoae tranh luan de bao vey kien cua minh; -Cd kehoach tham gia danh gia qua trinh tuhgc eiia SV dudi nhieu hinh thdc: trao doi, gid thao luan, bai kiem tra, dgng eo thai do hpc tap ; xac dinh cae tieu ehi danh gia va phobien den SV (trong de cuong mon hgc); bai kiem tra SV nop cho G V (baiea nhan hoae nhdm) phai ed y kien niian xet, danh gia kip thdl cua
G V de SV cd tiie tu dieu chinh kien tiidc
3.2 Dd'i vdi SV:-Xac djnh dpng eo, thai dp hpc
tap dung d^n de cd thai dp hoc tap nghiem tue S V
can tu tra Idi cac cau hdi: Hoc eho ai, hpc deiam gi,
hgc nhu tiie nao? Trong qua trinh hgc tap phai tu
dat ra cho minh nhihig cau hdi: Taisao?Nhuthe
nao?, - Nam vdng myc tieu cua mdn hge va tung bai
hge deiam cosd xay dung kehoach tuhgc phu hpp
va nghiem tiJC tiiuc hien ke hoach do; - Dam bao hoan thanh tot cac nhiem vu tu hpc, tu nghien ciili tardc gid len Idp (dpc tai lieu, thao luan nhdm, xay dung de cuong) theo yeu cau cua GV; -Trong qua trinh tu hgc, dgc saeh dupe eoi la khau q^uan trgng dau tien giup SV tiep ttiu tri thde va phatti'ien phuong phap tu hpc hieu qua De dgc sach hieu qua, SV phai cd phuong phap dgc va ghi chep lai ngi dung quan trpng can thiet
3.3 Boi vdf Nha trudng: - Dam bao tot nhat eac
dieu kien de SV van dung tot each tu hge (trang bj day du CO so vat chat, thiet bj, do dung cho eae giang dudng, phdng hpc, phdng chue nang, ttiu vien, phdng thi nghiem, phdng tu lieu); - Dam bao dieu kien de
SV thi/e hien KN dpc sach, phdng Thu vien nen to chdc nhdng "ngay hpi sach", "gidi tiiieu sach" phyc
vy eho viee tu hpe cua S V; - Dam bao cac dieu kien tam lideSV van dung,ren luyen cac KN CO ban frong KNti/hpc
Nang cao NLTH eua SV trong quatrinh day - hpc mon hpc 7f/ft/(»J^A/oC/)/M/n/?lamgtddih6ixuatphat tdban chatcua ddi tupng nghien euu valamptphuong thdc hdu hieu can dupc ap dyng deviee day hpc mon r(/ft/(mfi'/yoC/)/)W//7/7dat hieu qua mong mud'n.Q
(I)Tiirdi^n m& Wiktionary NXB Tudiin Bdch khoa,
H.2011
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(ki 1 - 7/2015)