MOT SO BIEN PHAP REN LUYEN Kf NANG THITONG LITONG CHD SINH VI[N NGANH OUAN 1EI NHAN lUG M I I N G DAI HOC NO! VU HA NO! ThS DO KHANH NAM'''' Abstract Negotiation skills are essential for students of huma[.]
Trang 1MOT SO BIEN PHAP REN LUYEN Kf NANG THITONG LITONG CHD SINH VI[N NGANH OUAN 1EI NHAN lUG - MIING DAI HOC NO! VU HA NO!
ThS DO KHANH N A M '
Abstract: Negotiation skills are essential for students of human resource management To form and develop negotiation sklUs to.students firmly we launched a number of measures to train Each measure has a positive effect in eveiy different angle and train a certain number
of skills The harmonious combination of measures will enable the negotiating skill happening softer, more efficiently bring success to students in career Selds as well as in life
Ngay nay, khi xu the "doi thoaf dang dan thay
the cho "doi dau" thi kl nang thUdng lupng
(KNTL) dong mpt vj tri, vai tro het siic quan
trpng trong ddl song xa hpi Sinh vien (SV) nganh
Quan tri nhan luc (QTNL) - Tardng Dai hpc Npi vu
HaNpi lainhung "nha thuong thuyet tuong iai" ve lao
ddng, khaith^vasu'dung nguon nhan luc cho motto
d ^ , don vj hay doanh nghiep; trung gian hoa giai
khongchinhthufcvequaahelao dpng; nha tutudng
va chien lupc; nha lap kehoach vaphan tich nhan luc;
nha tuvan cho mpi cap tochu'c ve nhan su; til uc hien
cac "giao te nhan sy" , nen trong qua trinh dao tao,
giang vien (GV) khong chi cung cap kien tiiiJc cho
SV maphai trang bj cho hpve KNTL Hon nOa, nang
cao KNTL cho S V se giiip cho nhung kT nang (KN)
mem khac cung dupc hinh thanh va phattrien ohp
1 Ren luyen KNTL cho SV nganh QTNL trong
gidhpc lithuyet
Trong gidhpc lithuyet G V cung cap daydu nhiJng
kien thiJc, nhu: Khai niem ve thuong lupng (TL), quy
trinhvacacbudctien hanh,cacKN can thiet, nguyen
tic/yeu cau co ban khi tham gia TL, each thuc to chiic
ten hanh ren luyen KNTL de SV n§m dupc nh§m
nang cao hieu qua ren luyen KNTL cho SV nganh
QTNL GV CO the tien hanh theo cac budc:
1.1 Lam viec chung ca idp:-Gidi ^leubai:GW
gi6ith|eu bai bang nhieu hinh thiic khac nfiau taost/
hap dan, l6icuonSVthamgia;quan triet cho ca ldp ve
myctieuvanpidungcan dat du'pc; cac phuong phap,
phucfng tien, tai lieu tham khao se sudung trong gid
hpc; • Giao nhiem vuhgc tap cho 51/;Tiiy vao tinh
huong cuth^' GV botriso'SV tham gia TL nhieu hay
it trong moi dpi (itnhatmoi dpi 1 ngudi, nhieu nhait la tuf
5-7 ngudi)va phai dam bao deu hieu ro nhiem vy cua
minh GV can tao s u hting thii, hop tac lich cue khi
giao nhiem vu hpc tap cho SV
1^ Toehuc cho SV tien hanh TL:
- Giaidoan 1: Chuan bi Doi vdi cac nhdm, SV
phai bau chpn trudng nhdm va phan cdng cdng viec
cy the cho tung thanh vien Sau dd, cac nhdm thao tuan dethong nhat npi dung, dat ra muc tieu, tim hieu doitac, frtu thap flidng tin can thiet, len kehoach, phucmg
an detien hanh TL Tung thanh vien se dam nhan cac
vj tri, vai trd khac nhau trong quatrinh TL; liing nghe, trao ddl va thd'ng nhat y klen trong nhdm u day, G V can chti y hudng dan cac em each thiie ren luyen eac
KN tham gla TL, nhu: giao tiep, dat myc tieu, lanh dao, lam viee nhdm,thao luan theo yeu eau cua mue tieu gidhpc
Vetochtic Idp hpc: Idp hpc bd'tri hinh chij U, hinh trdn hole hinh chu nhat (iiiy khdng gian Idp hpc) sao cho tatca cac thanh vien trong Idp cdthequan sat
va nghe rd nhung thdng tin khi lien hanh TL Trudng nhdm phai bao quat, bao dam quan sat dupc tat ca nhun^ thanh vien chu chot tiiam gia TL Tuy nhien, khi sap xep chd ngoi cho cac nhdm, each tiep xue d ^ tac thdng qua nhin tn/c dien la ratquan trpng, giiip eae thanh vien trong nhdm dpe dupc tam trang cua ddl tac; dong tiidi, trudng nhdm nhan dupc suphan hoi td cae tiianh vien trong nhdm cua minh Ngoai ra, GV phaldvj tri bao quat dupc hoatdpng cua eac n h ^ ,
de dang tiep can vd^ tdng nhdm (khi can} Sau khi cae nhdm chuan bi xong, GV ehpn 2 nhdm nhau nhien tham gia TL _ ^
- Giaidoan 2: Tiep xue De cudc TL datket qua,
viee tao ra bau khdng khi cdi md, tin cay lan nhau, tiianh ttiat hpp tae la rat can thiet Trudc khi budc vao cudc TL, ddi ben can danh mot it tiidi gian ndi v^ nhflng van de khdng lien quan gi den qua trinh TL tao khdng khi thoai mai, hirng tiiii {nhu: the tiiao, phim
* TniSng fiai liqc Ngi vg Ha Noi
Tqp chi Gido due so 367 63
Trang 2de hai ben hieu nhau hon va b i t dau tien hanh TL
Giai doan nay r ^ cho SV mptso KN: giao tiep, lang
nghe,phan doai
- Gmldoan 3: Tien hanh ri Day la giai doan quan
trpng nhat,quyetdinh den suthanh bai cua qua trinh
TL Khi cae nhdm ket thiie giai doan chuan bj, G V to
chut cho SV tien hanh tham gia TL dudi s u dieu
khien cua cac tardng nhdm vdi hinh thuc chpn n g i u
nhien 2 nhdm hoac theo y kien de xuat cua SV Cac
nhdm, SV thuc hien tiieo cac bude sau:
+ Dua ra yeu cau ehinh xac: Hai ben phai dua ra
yeu eau cua minh, viec dua ra yeu eau chinh xac la rat
quan trpng (cupc TL se xoay quanh van de dd) SV
can luu y, neu yeu cau tiiap qua, cupc TL se klidng
diln ra, cdn cao qua, cudc TL dd di vao the be tac, hay
bi pha vdva dd'i tae eho la khdng cd sy thanh y
+Oieu chinh yeu cau: Khi hai ben dua ra yeu eau,
chic ehan se cd susai lech Vi vay, hai ben can phai
ban bae, thda ttiuan de dieu eh inh Ipi ieh sao eho hqp
IL NhaTL mud'n duy tri lpi ieh cua minh tdt nhat, can
phai hieu day du yeu eau eua ddi tac, hoac de ngh j hp
trinh bay rd Nha TL dd'i chieu vdi yeu cau cua minli
dexem giira minh va dd'i tac dang cdn khoang each d
chd nao va tai sao lai ed khoang each dd
+Thuyet phyc: Neu yeu cau cua da tac labathpp li,
hai ben eung nhau xem xet tiiuyet phyc Trong qua
trinh thuyet phyc, hai ben can giubau khdng khichan
hda, gat bd nhiing cam xiie tieu cue Vdi ben dua ra
yeu cau eao, nen can nhic xem cd can giu'nguyen lap
trudng eua minh hay khdng (dac biet khi "dd'i phuong"
da phat hien ra chd bat hpp li), "phia ta" nen chu ddng
nhupng bd Tuy nhien, trong quatrinh nhupng bd, nhat
thiet khdng nhupng bd hoan toan, bdi: nhupng bp de
doi lay nhupng bp, ctiu khdng nen nhupng bp don
phupng va T L la suhpp tac hai ben cung cd Ipi"
+ Dat dupc tiioa tiiuan, du thao va ki hop dong
Trudc khi hai ben khd^ ttiao hpp dong, can kiem tra lai
ndidung TLcy tiie, eung xac nhan nhiing vande Ihoa
thuan datdupe-trong quatrinh TL.Ddi vdinhimg van
de chua dupe thd'ng nhait, tiep tuc ban bac de thda
hiep lan eucS; khi da ttidng nhat, khdng COTI cdnhung y
kien nao khae thi ket ttiue TL Trong qua trinh thao
hpp dong, can chiiy: Cau van phai rd rang, mach lac,
diing td chuan xac, tranh tdda nghTa; nhung quy djnh
trong van ban phai cu ttie, chi tiet, khdng viet chung
chung Hpp dong diJpc ttiao xong, haiben phai kiem
tra lai cac chi tiet, sua ddl, bd'sung ye trach nhiem,
quyen tpi khi khdng cdn vudng m i c nao, dai didn
trudng nhdm ki vao van ban
64 Tqp chi Giao due so 367
nhflng khainiem CO ban veTL, quy trinh vacac budc tien hanh TL, nguyen tic/yeu eau eo ban, each thuetd chdctienhanhTLvacungnhuKN can thiet phd'i hpp khitham gia TL mdt each tudng minh
2 Ren luyen KNTL thong qua cac tinli huong
phu hpp trong ITnh vuc hoat dpng nghe QTNL
Can cfl vao ndi dung dao tao chuyen nganh
QTNL, GV hudng d i n SV tiiiet ke cac tinh hud'ng^
phu hpp vdi linh vyc hoat ddng nghe de tien hanh to chuc f L, cy the': - Ve cdng tac tuyen dung va bd tri nhan su(g6m;TLdeajyen chpn dupe nlian vien dap flng nhu cau cdng viee, s i p xep nhan su phii hpp cdng viec ); - Quan li ve luong, thudng^ va phuc Ipi ( T i d e dupc tang tuong, nghi phep, nghi tet, di tham quan du lich, nghi thai san, che dp thi dua khen thudng ); - Phan tich cdng viee, nganh nghe (TLde bdtri sap xep viec lam phii hpp, sa tiiai nhung ngudi khdng dap flng dupc nhu eau edng viee ); - Quan II duan, hdtrp nhan vien (bao dam an toan cho ngudi lao ddng, kham ehua benh, che dp nghi huu, mat sflc ); - Quan ti ve dao tao, huan luyen va phattrien (TL de dupc hpc tap nang cao trinh dp, dao tao va dao tao lai )
Cach thfle tien hanh:
Bi/dc 1) Kham pha:- Md dau, GV ed the eho
S V x e m mpt doan video clip, td'ehdc mpttrd choi hoac dua ra mpt tinh hudng ey the trong Hnh vue nghe QTNL; - Hudng dan SV thao luan tim hieu ndi dung tinh hudng; - GV he ttidng hda, chinh xac hda kien thflc ve KNTL, quy trinh va cae bude tien
h a n h T L
Budc 2) Ket noi:-Hddng dan SV ttiao luan, dua
ra each thflc xuli tinh hudng b i n g phuong phap TL; -GVhethdnghda.chinh xac hda kien thuc ve KNTL
va phan cdng tflng nhdm/eap SV eunp nhau phan tieh mdttinh hud'ng cy the dethong nhat vequy trinh, cae budc tie'n hanhTL; chl ray nghTa, vai trd eua qua trinh TL ddivdi'cdng viec nganh QTNL Thdng qua budc nay, SV vfla dupc trai nghiem cae thao tae ve quy trinh, budc tien hanh, nhiJng xue cam, tinh cam khittiam giaTL;quadd, hetiidng hda dupe kien thuc
CO ban ve KNTL
Budc3) Thuchanh:-QN hudng d i n SV thie't ke/
chuan bj tinh hudng SV van dung quy trinh va cae bude tien hanh TL degiai quye't tinh hudng dat hieu qua; • SV lam viee ttieo nhdm/eap/ea nhan de h o i n thanh nhiem vu;-GV giam satmpi hoat dpng cua SV
va dieu ctiinh khi can thiet; - GV khuyen khieh SV
Trang 3mpi tinh hud'ng trong thuc tedat hieu qua
Budc 4) Van dung:- GV hudng dan SV l$p ke
hoaeh hoat ddng, dua ra nhiJng tinh hudng g i n vdi
KN nghe nghiep d a hdi phai van dyng quy trinh va
cac budc tien hanh TL degiai quyettinh hudng dddat
hieu qua; - SV lam viee theo nhdm/eap/ca nhan de
i hoan thanh nhiem vy; - G V vaSV eiing tham gia hdi,
tra Idi trong sudt qua trinh to'ehfle hoat dpng; - SV van
dyng KNTL trong cac tinh hud'ng thuc tien; -G V danh
gia ketqua hpc tap eua SV tai budc nay
3.Ren luyen KNTLthongquatochflc cac hpi thi
Ren luyen KNTL thdng qua "hpi thr la cdng viec
quan trpng trong gua trinh dao tao nghe d Tnidng
Dai hpe Ndi vy, n h i m gay hflng thu, ldi cudn SV vao
cac hoat dpng tap the, phat huy dupe tinh nang ddng,
sang tao Cae npi dung ren luyen KNTL dupc SV
ttuyen tai thdng qua nhflng cau etiuyen, vdkjch ngin
hay mot tinh hud'ng day kjch tinh Vi vay, ddi hdi SV
phai nam v i ^ g ve nguyen tic/yeu cau, quy trinh cae
budc tie'n hanh TL; phai sang tao truyen tai nhflng npi
dung dddudi cac hinh thflc nghe thuat san khau hda
khac nhau Hinhthircnayvflanhenhang, tranh tning
lap, cflng nhac, nham ehan, vfla mang lai hieu qua
cao Qua "hdi thi", SV dupe ren luyen KNTL; ddng
thdi la eae KN mem khae, nhu: giao tie'p (phi ngdn
ngL?vabing Idi), flng xfllinh hoat, phan doan, dat mue
tieu, lam viec nhdm, tu duy sang tao
4 Ren luyen KNTL thong qua cac tinh huong
eg the trong cupc song
Hoat ddng thue te vd eiing phong phu, S V se dupc
tlq3 xue vdi cac tinh hud'ng cu the, da dang xay ra
trong ITnh vue nghe nghiep, eudc sdng de ren luyen
KNTL Qua dd, SV dupc cung eo, ren luyen, van
dungKNTLdegiaiquyeteae tinh hudng xay ra trang
ddi sdng mptcach hieu qua Tien trinh dupc thuc hien
nhusau:
Budc 1) Kham pha su hieu biet cua SV:- Bang
nhung cau hdi gpi nhd, SV nhd lai cac tinh hud'ng da
dien ra trong cupe sdng cua minh (quan he gia dinh,
ban be, thay ed, xa hpi ) va trinh bay each ung xu cae
tinh hud'ng dd bing phuong phap TL; - SV neu each
van dung quy trinh; eae budc tien hanh TL; nhiing
thanh edng, that bai; nguyen nhan cua suthanh cdng
va that bai
_ Budc 2) Tochdc cho S V thao luan: - G V hudng
din SV chpn cae tinh hud'ng hay, ed tinh da dang
trong cudc sdng; - To'chflc cho SV tien hanh ttiao
luan phan tich tinh hudng, tim ra nhflng nguyen nhan
ctia SLJ thanh cdng, ttiat bai; - Dua ra each giai quyet
khi tham gia TL
Budc 3) Tochdc cho S V tham gia tinh huong TL,
cuthe:
-Tinh hud'ng 1: Cua tuin nay, ban vanhdm ban runhau dian uong Trong do, 3 ban dua ray Iden nau
an dnha, 3 ban con lai de nghi ra tiem an Tinh hudng
nay dupc cac ban "nliap vaf kha sdi nd'i vaea hai phia
ma mdi ngudi njt ra la can biet nhupng bp, chia seva tiidng cam ciing nhau trong cude sd'ng
- Tinh hud'ng 2: TL mdc luang trong phong van xin viec Tinh huwig nay dupc SV tham gia rat hao
hung, sdi nd'i, bdi ndgan gui va dang Jachude'ndncj" vdi SV hien nay Sau khi n h ^ vai, SV ehia se, thao luan, GV rut ra hai nguyen tac khi dam phan TL ve the va khdng bao giddupc so sanh Ngoai ra, sai lam
ma mpi ngfldi thfldng gap phai la hay so sanh giua minh vdi ban be, ngudi than de tfl do djnh ra mflc
luong tuong xiing vcA minh
- Tinh hudng 3: Ban cd200.000 dong, caiao ban muon rnua gia 250.000 dong Ban hay TL v& chd tiem demua dugc chiec ao do Tinh hudng tren tudng
chung don gian (vi thudng xay ra trong eudc song) nhung khdng phaiaiciJng cdthe xuli kheo leo dedat dupc muc dich Bau khdng khi than thien, cdi md se
la bi quyet giiip ban phan nao thanh edng trong viee
TL gia ea
Nhu vay, qua mdi tinh hud'ng dupc trai nghiem,
SV se cdthem each giai quyet kheo leo va cai nhin da chieu hon trong cupc sd'ng
Cae bien phap deu ed mdi quan he ehat che, tac dpng qua lai, hdtrp nhau nhim hudng tdi ket qua ren
luyen KNTL cho SV nganh QTNL (Trudng Dai hoc
Npi vy Ha Npi) dat hieu c;ua cao nhat Moi bien phap
cd tac dyng tich cue de ren luyen KNTL cho SV d nhflng gde dp khac nhau vacd y nghTa tich cue nhat djnh S u ke't hpp hai hda gifla cac bien phap se giup cho quatrinh hpc tap cua SV dien ra nhe nhang, hieu qua hon, mang lai thanh cdng trong ITnh vuc nglie nghiep cung nhutrong cudc sdng •
Tdi lieu tham khao
1 Nguyen Ngpc Bao Td chirc d^y hpc, mot sfi van
de li luan day hoc NXB Gido due, H 1998
2 Nguyen Thanh Binh Giio dye ki nang song NXB
Dgi hgc Suphgm, H 2009
3 Dang Thanh Hung Day hpc hi^n dai - Li ludn bien
phap kl thuat NXB Gido due H 2002
4 A X Macarrenco Giao due trong thuc tiln NXB
Tre, TP Ho Chf Mmh 2002