DifeN PAN 0 6 1 MCll^Ajl^BAN, TOAN DIEH CIAO PUC DDI MDI DAD TAD NGDIfP VD SD PDAM TRDNG GAC TRDOllG SD PDAM THCO fliRH HinfnG HinH THnnH nnnG Lire H G H C RGHJCP TS NGUYEN THj KIM D U N G '''' 0Viet Nam[.]
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TS N G U Y E N THj K I M D U N G '
0Viet Nam, cong tac tfao teogao TOO (DTG V)
cua cac tru6ng si/ pham noi ehung, dao tao
nghiep vy su' pham (BT NVSP) noi neng
van chu yeu theo phi/ang thij'e cu nen van con nhieu
bat cap, eham doi moi Vi vay, ngay 13/12/2011, Bp
tivong Bp GD-DT da phe duy?t "Chuong trinh Phat
trien nganh su pham va eac truong su pham tiJf nam
2011 den nam 2020", theo do, DT NVSP trong cac
trudng s u pham theo djnh hudng hinh thanh nang
luc nghe nghiep (NLNN) la mot khau then chot
1 Nhung nang luc (NL) NVSP c a n e d doi voi
sinh vien tot nghiep dai hoc s u pham (DHSP)
Theo chuan nghenghiep giao vien (GV) ma Bp
GD-DT ban hanh, nhimg NL NVSP trong cau tnic
NLNN ciia GV gom: • HLiim hieu dol tucmg va moi
trudng giao dtic (GD); - NL xay di/ng vathuc hien ke
ho^ch day hpe (DH): bao dam kien thtic, chuong trinh
mon hpc, van dijng cac phuong phap, phuang tien
DH, xay dting mditrudng hoc tap; quan li hosa; - NL
xay dijng va thuc hien ke hoach GD qua mon hpc,
cdng tae chu nhiem, hoat dpng doan dpi, cac hoat
dpng cdng dong; van diing cac nguyen tac, phuang
phap, hinh thuc to ehu'c GD; - NL kiem tra, danh gia
ket qua hpc tap va ren luyen dao due hoe sinh; - NL
phattrien nghe nghiep Day la nhiJng NL cot ldi, can
thiet cua GV giup ho thue hien cac ehu'c nang, vai trd,
nhi^m vu GD, dap ung yeu cau eija nhatn/dng pho
thdng hien nay
Tren ca sd ehuan nghe nghiep GV da 6udc ban
hanh cung nhu chuan dau ra (CDR) cua cac eo s d
DTGV, yeu cau eua thi/c tidn hoat dpng nghe nghiep
GV, theo ehung tdi, cdthecy the hda nhiing NL NVSP
can thiet sau:
1) NL tim hieu nguai hgc vi moi tnrang GD:
tim hieu ea nhan ngudi hpc; tap the Idp; tim hieu mdi
tn/dng nha trudng; gia dinh; xa hpi
2}NL GD: thong qua DH mon hpc; NL toehue va
phat trien tap the Idp; NL td' ehuc cac hoat ddng GD;
NL giai quyet cac tinh hud'ng su pham; NL GD hoc sinh (HS) ca biet; NL tuvan vatham van; NL pha hpp vdi cac luc luong GD trong va ngoai nha tn/dng; NL xay dung, quan li va sudung ho sa GD
3)NL DH: thehien qua kien thtic, kTnang mdn hpc
seday dpho thdng; kien thtic, kTnang cac mdn htx bd' trocd lien quan; NL phat trien chuang trinh mdn hpc;
NL van dtjng phuang phap, phuang tien va hinh thtic tochiic DH bpmdn; NLDH phan hda,tichhap;NLIap
ke hoach bai hpc; NL to chuc hoat dpng hpe tap cua HS;NLddng vien, tao dpng CO hpctap eho HS;NLxay dung, quan liva sudung khai thac hosa DH
4)NL giao tiep ngon nguva phi ngdn ngiJtrong
cac moi quan he vcri hpc sinh, xa hpi
5) NL danh gii trong G D ; the hien d kha nang to
chCfc danh gia trong GD; thiet kecac edng cy danh gia ketquaGD; thiet kecac cdng cu kiem tra, danh gia ket qua hpc tap; st/dung cac phan mem hdtrp danh gia
6) NL phit trien nghenghiep: gom N L tu danh
gia, tu hpc; nghien ciiu khoa hpc
2 Ooi m d i DT NVSP theo djnh hudng hinh thanh NL
1) Nhirng dinh hudng ehung
• DTtheo dinh huang hinh thanh NL, dinh huang CDR.Cac NL NVSP dexuatdtren can dupc dua vao
CDR dd'i vdi cac ea sdOTG V nhu mdt cdng cy dinh hudng cho viec DT va danh gia sinh vien (SV) tot nghiep Do do, trong DTG V,c/)ua/7 can trd thanh mdt van ban djnh hudng cho viec xay dt/ng chuang trinh DT.Tuy nhien, GDR khdng quy dinh nhung npidung
DT chi tiet ma chi quy dinh nhimg ket qua, mong mud'n maqua trinhOTdatdUdc, tren ca sddd, dua ra
* Vien Nghien ciru sir pham, Truong Oai hoc stf phan Ha Noi
Tap chi Gido due so 308 1
Trang 2phuang phap td'chiic va danh gia ket quaOT nham
dat 6isac cac N L da quy djnh trong COR, gan vdi eae
tinh hud'ng thuc tiln
•DT gin vdl thuc tiSntn/oTig pho thdng:DH-QD
phai ducfc coi la mpt nghe djnh hudng thuc tien, phai
duae tien hanh tai thuc dia la cae tn/dng pho thong
Ngoai ra, khoa hpe ve nhan thiic khing dinh con
ngudi hpc tap mdt each hieu qua han khi nhu'ng y
tudng dupc cung co va kel ndi ca trong li thuyet l i n
thyc hanh TrongDTGV.vaitrdcija tn/dng phd'thdng
ratquan trpng dd'i vdi qua trinh phattrien NLNN cho
SV, thdng qua thuc t i l n , SV khdng chi dupc ren
nghe ma con dupc hpc ca li thuyet Di/a tren viec
phan Iich san pham hoat dpng cda HS, nhifng ke
hoach va bai tap cua giao sinh, bang ghi hinh cija
GV va HS cung nhu nhifng tinh hud'ng hpc tap va
giang day deu cd the gitip SV nit ra mdi lien he gii/a
liluan vathuc tien
2} Nhung dinh huong dol mdi cu the
a) Ngidung chuang trinh DTGV:Car\ dam bao
md'i quan he va ti le hap li giUa khoa hpc chuyen
nganh, khoa hpc GD va thuc tiln phd'thdng trong
DT, dinh hudng nghe DH Cu the: can nang ti trpng
khd'i kien thtic su pham trong td'ng so don vi hpc
trinh/tin chi cua chuang trinh DT len miic trung binh
cua cac nude tien tien tren the gidi la 30%, trong dd
thi/c tap supham (TTSP) chiem khoang 10% Chu
trpng cac hoc phan hinh thanh cac NL cy the lien
quan den hoat ddng su pham nhu NL to' ehu'c cae
hoat ddng D H - G D , N L cdng tac chij nhiem Idp, NL
xd li cac tinh huong su pham, NL giao tiep supham
b) Ngi dung DTN VSP: - Md rgng ngi dung 0 T
N VSP hudng vao nguoi hgc vi thue lien hoat dgng
nghenghiep cua G I'.nhucac kien thiie ve phat tnen
cae li thuyet hpc tap va sunhan thii'c sau s^e cac ye'u
tdtac dpng den viec thue day si/tham gia cua HS vao
qua trinh hpc Trong eae chuang trinh nay, npi dung
hpc tap danh cho SVSP tap tnjng nhieu vao viec s i ;
dyng cac thdng tin ve HS detao ra mditrudng hpc tap
cd hieu qua cho tat ea HS trong kifp hpc Nhu vay,
trpng tam DTGV hudng den viec Hm ronhUngdac
tn/ng cua ngu^hge, den viee giim sit qui trinh hoc
vi sudung cie minh ehung decan thiep ed hieu qua
vao qui tnnh hgc cua HS (2)
Oe SV dat dupe nhung NL NVSP nhude xua't d
tren, ben eanh nhi/ng ndi dung NVSP trong chuang
2 Tap chi Gido dye so 308
dung CO ban sau: - Phat trie'n chuang trinh; - To' chuc va quan li Idp hpc; - Cdng tae ehu nhi^m idp;
- Giao tiep va t/ng xi)su pham; -Oanh gia trong GD;
- Cac chuyen de chuyen mdn nang cao nhuGD gia tri nghe nghiep phattrien cac kTnang mem,thafii van vatuvan hpc dudng, xay dijng mdi tn/dng/tn/dng
hpc than thien, quan li ho sa DH - GD; - Tiep can module trong xiy dt/ng chuang trinh RLNVSP vdi
xu hudng nay, SV khi hoan thanh mdi nhdm module (tuang i/ng mdt dan vj OT trpn ven) se cd dupc mpt
kT nang nghe nghiep tuang dd'i hoan chmh Tinh ddc lap ctJa module DH cho phep nd cd the duoc lip ghep va phat trien theo chieu ngang (nham trang bi cho SV nhi/ng kien thuc rdng, hoae hinh thanh nhifng
kT nang ehung, nhirng kT nang nen tang), dong thdi cung cdthe l i p ghep theo chieu dpc vdl mpt so luong nhat djnh (giiip SV dat de'n trinh dp kien thtic, kT nang cao han) Nhdtinh chat linh hoat neu tren co thexaydt/ngcac module RLNVSP phu hop vdi tutig dd'i tupng SV
c) Toeht/c DT va RLNVSP: Npi dung DT va
RLNVSP can trai deu trong 4 nam hpc ddai hpc d&' dam bao tinh he thd'ng, tinh phat trien trong qua trinh RLNVSP.phtjhopvditung chuyen nganh, tuy nhien,
SV can dupc tiep can vdi thuc tiln G D phd'thdng sdm, cham nhat la tli nam thti 2
Ndl dung OT NVSP nen dupc chia lam 2 phin:
p h i n ehung DT eho toan bo S V cac nganh hpc cda ta/dng dai hpc su pham (NL tim hieu doi tuong va mdi tn/dng GD, NL G D ; NL hoat dpng chinh tri, xa hdi; NL phat trien nghe nghiep ) va phan rieng, dSc tn/ng cho tting chuyen nganh Phan ehung can dUOC thd'ng nhat trong toan tn/dng ve ndi dung, thdi lUOng de'cackhoa van dyng khi ren luyen.Tren cosddd cho phep quy trinh hda mdt each chat che qua trinh RLNVSP cho SV moi nganh hpc; dong thdi, can tich hop, Idng ghep RLNVSP vao cac mdn khoa hpc chuyen nganh co ban de' ren nghiep vy ciing nhucd kien thi/c ea ban sau s i c Cac mdn khoa hpc caban phai dupe coi la mpt ye'u to cua khoa hpc su pham vi
nd dmh hudng qua trinh hinh thanh NL DH bd mdn dtn/dng phothdng
d) Da mdi eong tic quan li, tochdc hoatdgng kien tip, TTSP-f-Xay dung cic tieu chuan, tieu chi danh gia NL NVSP cua SV trong TTSP:l{enccfsaCdR
chua'n NVSP doivdi SV td't nghiep, cac cosdOTGV
Trang 3NL NVSP d a v d S V trong TTSP qua cac dot (kien tap
supham,TTSP dot I v a T T S P dot 2 ) ; + f a n g c t / d n p
m a quan he da tic cung ehiu trich nhiem gida tn/dng
DHSP vi cac tn/dng pho thong CO SVthLKtip:S\Jke\
nd'i lithuyet vathuc hanh chl cdthe phat huy hieu qua
neu cdduac s u g i n kettrong md'iquan hegiiJa trudng
dai hpe va tn/dng phd'thdng Kinh nghiem eac nudc
phat ttien cho tha'y, cd md hinh lien ket trach nhiem
chat chedecoi nha tnj'dng phd'thdng lamdtmditnj'ijng
OT va G V phothdng la giang vien vdi tu each la ngudi
hanh nghe SV den tnj'dng pho thdng ddng vai la mdt
thanh vien trong nha tardng Hudng d i n SV thue tap
lamdttapthegomGVphothdng, giang vien supham,
ngudi quan li phd'thdng De lam dupc dieu do, can cd
sudd'i md^ toan dien md'i lien ket giCfa trudng su pham
va tnj'dng phd'thdng trong OT, phat trie'n nghe nghiep
G V ndi ehung va trong thi/c hanh, TTSP Cac tn/dng
thue hanh can phai duoc xay dyng thanh cae tnJdng
phd'thdng lien ket phat then nghe Dd la each hpc ve
day ngay tren thue dia, tai Idp hoc tht/cgmg nhu bae
sTndi tnJ hoc tai giudng benh, tren lam sang Vi vay, tti
"Clinfcar trong OT ndi tni eua nganh y da trd thanh xu
hudng dupc dung kha nhieu trong eac cai each DTGV
cua cac nude hien nay (3)
Tdm lai, chuang trinh OTGV can dupc dd'i mdi
theo djnh hudng hinh thanh NL, can xac dinh DH la
mdt nghe djnh huifmg thuc hanh vaphai chuan bi cho
GV tuang lai ed nhimg kien thuc bd mdn virng chic,
cac NL NVSP dong bp; ndl each khae, cac npi dung
NVSP phaidupc dae biet chu trpng trong cac chuong
trinh OTGV Ben canh dd, eae chuong trinh OTGV
phai dua tren md'i quan he ddi tae ehat che giifa tn/dng
dai hpc vdi trudng phd'thdng n h i m cijng edca lithuyet
va tht/e hanh trong giang day vadap ting ehuan nghe
nghiep G V a
(1) Nguyin Thanh Binh " X a c d i n h c5c lieu chi danh
g i i nSng Ii;c gido <i\)c cho sinh vien sirpham Ihirc tjlp
tdi nghi$p '• (Di Iili MS SPHN11-96) Vifn nghien cihi
sirpham 2012
(2) Nguyfin Thj Kim Dung "Chucmg trinh diio tao
giSo vien cd hi$u quii d m^l sd nirtit: Iren th^ giai"
T^p chi Khoa hpc gido d^c Vifn Khoa hpc giSo dye
Viei Nam sd58/7/20tO
O) Clinical Preparanon of teachers A Policy Brief
from American Association of Colleges For Teacher
Educalion 2010
1 NguySn Thj Kim Dung "Xac dinh nhihig yfiu ckn
sir pham drii voi sinh vifin tdt nghiep nham dap iing chua'n nghS nghiep giao vien ph6 Ihftng hiftn nay 6
nuoc la" Di lai KH-CN c&p Bp, ma s6':
B2009-I7-177 2010
2 Kiymel Selvi "Teacher competency" ushotsear-ches.com/competencies~0.html, 2005
3 Ki y^u hoi thao khoa hpc "Nang cao chSl lupng nghiep vu su pham cho sinh vien cac Tru6rng DHSP" Truong DHSP Ha NOi ihdng 1/2010
4 Frank Banks - Jenny Leach - Bob Moon Centre for Research and Development in Teacher Education Extract from new u n d e r s t a n d i n g s of t e a c h e r s '
pedagogic knowledge The Curriculum Journal Vol
16 No 7: September 2005 pp }.?, 1 -340
5 VO Thi Son "M6 hinh lien k^t irdch nhifm giO-a iruirng phd ihGng v i trudng su pham irong i6 chiic ihyc tap su pham cho sinh vien" Dfi i^i KH-CN cifp
BO, ma sd: B2008-17-I75, 2011
SUMMARY
Teacherln the21 century must become the edu-cator He needs to have new professional competen-cies knowledge of the learner and educational competencies: communication competencies; assess-ment competencies and professional developassess-ment competencies, in order to gain these professional competencies, the teachers' training must to be reno-ers The teachers' training curriculum must pay spe-cial attenUon on the professional content and closely link Kith school pracUce
THONG BAO Tap chl Giao due ra 1 thang 2 Id, dat mua
thuan tien tai cac bUu cue dia phuong (Ma so
CI92) hoae dat mua true tiep tai Tea scan
(so lUdng Idn) theo dia chi: TAP CHI GIAO DUC,
4 THnh Hoai Btic, quan Ddng Da, Ha Noi
Kinh mdi ban dQC, cac ddn vi giao due,
trudng hQC tiep tuc dat mua Tap chi Giao diic
ndm 2013 Moi lien h? xin giTi ve dia chl tren
hoae lien lac qua sd dien thoai: 04.37345363; Fav: 04.37345363
Xin tran trong cam dn
TAPCHiGlAODUC
(ki
2-4/2023)-Tap chi Gido due so 308 3