Ho Thj Mai Phuang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE MOT SO GIAI PHAP NANG CAO CHAT LlTONG DAY HOC THEO HE THONG TIN CHI TAI TRll"(>NG DAI HOC SlT PHAM DA! HOC THAI NGUYEN Ho Thi Mai Phuong Truang Da'''' hoc S[.]
Trang 1MOT SO GIAI PHAP NANG CAO CHAT LlTONG DAY HOC
THEO HE THONG TIN CHI TAI TRll"(>NG DAI HOC SlT PHAM
-DA! HOC THAI NGUYEN
Ho Thi Mai Phuong
Truang Da' hoc Supliam - DTI Thai Nguyen
TOM TAT
Thuc hien d^o t^o theo hgc che tin chi 1^ mpt yeu cau ciia doi mdi gi^o dye theo hudng hien dai hoa de nang cao chat lugng dao tao, dip ung nhu c5u ngudn nhSn Iuc ciia dat nude v^ du6i kip
Irinh do tien tien cua the gidi Chii lucmg v^ tien ich ciia dao tao theo tin chi so vdi 6ho lao nien
che la dieu da dugc khang djnh De dcip ijng dugc yeu cau ciia dao lao tin chi, vdi su khac biet rieng va die thu ciia mgt trudng su pham da nganh, trong dieu kien cho phep can boi du&ng day hpc tren co sd gan lien vdi viec xay dyng he thong ca sd vat chat, phuong tien day hoc Tat ca ciia xa h6i
Til' khoa: dai hoc Supham Thai Nguy en, ddo lao lin chi, Quy dmh, vdn de ddo lao ddi mdi
DAT VAN DE
Giao due Dai hgc Viet Nam dang bat dau mpt
cupc each mang mdi, tao mdi trudng va dieu
kien cho ngudi hoc dugc hoc tap suot ddi
trong mpt xa hdi hpc tap Chuygn doi hinh
thirc dao tao tir nign chg sang hgc che tin chi
la thuc hien cugc each mang giao due nham
dap irng nhu cau xa hgi Viec doi mdi phuang
thirc dao tao theo tin chi khdng ngoai myc
dich tim dgn mgt chSt luong cao cho nen Giao
due Dai hgc Tuy nhign, chiing ta ciing can
phai nhan thirc rd vg nhirng uu the va thach
thirc trong dao tao theo hpc chg tin chi d bac
dai hpc
Nhii'ng nam gan day, nhieu trudng dai hpc d
Viet Nam da va dang lien hanh dao tao theo
hoc chg tin chi Tir thuc tg cho thay hinh thirc
dao tao nay cd nhieu uu diem ddi vdi ngudi
hgc, dd la:
- Sinh vien dugc chii dpng lap kg hoach, lua
chgn lien do hgc tap cho minh Nhirng tin chi
chung cd thg ap dyng cho nhieu nganh, sinh
vien cd the lua chgn de hgc tap, tich luy phii
hgp vdi dieu kien di lai va hoan canh ciia
ban than,
Thdi luong len Idp giam manh, giiip cho
sinh vign cd nhigu thdi gian tu hgc, tu nghien
* Tel-0915 590027, Email hophuongl864@gmail.com
cuu Hau het cac mdn hpc dgu giam khoang trgn dudi 40% sd tiet len Idp, nhu vay, se cd mot phan Idn kign thuc sinh vien phai tu nghign cuu dg nam vdng ma khong can phai len lop Dieu nay cd tinh hop ly, cd nhieu van
de sinh vign cd the tu minh doc higu Tu hgc
se tiet kiem dugc nhieu thdi gian de sinh vign
cd thg hpc dugc nhieu kign thiic hon D-y la digu can thiet nham phat huy tinh chu ddng sang tao cua ngudi hpc
- Nhd tinh lign thdng nen cd the giiip sinh vien thay doi chuygn nganh ma khdng phai hoc lai tir dau Sinh vien ciing co the hgc them nganh hgc de giai quyet van dg viec lam cho tuong lai va dap img dugc nhu cau xa hoi
Nang cao kha nang lien thdng giiia cac trudng dai hgc trong nude va tren thg gidi, nang cao kha nang hgi nhap ddng thdi khai thac dugc dgi ngu giang vien gidi, trinh do cao trong khu vyc va ca nude
Bgn canh dd cdn nay sinh nhiing thach thiic,
dd la su canh tranh trong viec dap ung ygu cau ciia ngudi hpc Ngudi hpc se tim den nhijng gi^ng vign cd uy tin, cd trinh dp chuyen mon cao, nhiet tinh va phuong phap day hoc tdt Thong qua qua trinh lua chgn cua ngudi hpc, uy tin cua giang vign se dirge ciing cd va nang cao
Trang 2Nhu vay, iru diem liyn nhat ciia ddo tgo theo
h{)c che tin chi do Id tinh mcin deo cua qua
Irinh ddo tao, tinh hi^u qua ve chi phi khd
ndng thich ung cao cua ngudi h()c , nhung
ddng thdi ddo tao theo hgc che tin chi ciing
the hien tinh canh tranh vd ddo thdi trong qua
Irinh ddo tao, ddv Id m(>t irong nhiirig nhirng
thach thirc Idn ddi vdi ngirdi hoc vd ddi ngu
gidng vien
THUC TRANG CHUNG
Thyc hien dao tao theo hgc che tin chi la mgi
ygu cau ciia ddi mdi giao due theo hudng hicn
dai nham nang cao chat lugng dao lao, dap
ling nhu can ngudn nhan Iuc cua dat nude va
dudi kip trinh do tien tien ciia the gidi Chat
lugng va lien ich ciia dao tao theo tin chi so
vdi dao tao nign chg la dieu da dugc khang
dinh qua qua trinh dao tao nhigu nam d cac
trudng dai hoc uy tin tren the gidi Ciing vdi
cac trudng dai hpc trong ca nude, Trudng Dai
hpc su pham- Dai hpc Thai Nguyen bat dau
dao tao theo hgc che tin chi tir nam hpc
2008-2009 Nhin iai qua trinh thuc hien may nam
qua ai cung cd the nhan thay uu diem ciia loai
hinh dao tao nay so vdi dao tao theo nien che
trudc day Tuy nhien, tren thyc te dang trong
qua trinh trign khai, viec chuygn ddi cdn
khong it khd khan- thach thirc vg nguon nhan
Iuc, CO sd vat chat, phai tap chung thao go
Cy thg la:
+ Kha nang tu hpc, tu nghien ciru ciia sinh
vign cdn thieu tinh chii dpng, tu tudng va thdi
quen hgc tap chua phii hgp vdi viec dao tao
theo hoc chg tin chi Dao tao lin chi vdi viec
giam thdi lugng Ign Idp khdng phai la giam
ygu cau hoc tap Tuy vay, hien nay mpt so Idn
smh vien chua hieu dugc dieu nay, ngn khdng
phai sinh vign nao cung dimg thdi gian ddi ra
de tu nghien ciru Vi vay, viec giam thdi gian
Ign Idp vg ly thuyet la cd Igi, nhung tren thuc
te ddi vdi da sd sinh vien chua pliai la tdt dac
biet la sinh vign viing mien nhu cua chiing ta
+ Sinh vien chtra chii ddng lua chgn mdn hgc
va thay day, viec hgc cai thien theo kha nang
va nguyen vong cdn nhieu vudng m k do chii
quan cung nhu khach quan, dieu dd din den
nhirng kho khan ddi vdi sinh vien khi mudn
hgc them nganh de phdng bi cho tuang lai
+ Vg dpi ngu giang vign: Chua co dpi ngu trg giang theo md hinh ciia hpc che tin chi, ti |^
so sinh vien tren mpt giang vien cdn qua Idn, Dgi ngu giang vien day kinh nghiem con mdng chua dii de dap ling kip thdi nhu cau dao lao theo tin chi Viec bdi dudng chuyen mdn, cap nhat tri thirc mdi, d§c bi?t la nhiJng thdng lin ve ddi mdi phuong phap day va kiem tra danh gia trong dao t^o theo tin chi ciing cdn gap nhigu khd khan Ngudi day chua thich irng vdi yeu cau dao tao lin chi trong mpt thdi gian ngan, tu viec chuan bj giao trinh, de cuang bai giang dgn viec xay dung cac bai tap nhan thirc, bai tap nghien ciiu cho sinh vign, thay ddi phuang phap dgy ciing la van dg can phai nhin nhan Tat ca deu iam cho kgt qua, chat lugng dao tao chua thJii
su dap irng lot yeu cau chung ciia \a hgi + Dpi ngu cd van cdn yen, chua am hieu npi dung, chuang trinh dao tao nen viec tu van cho sinh vien cdn thigu tinh hgp ly + Co sd phdng hgc chua thich irng, Idp tin chi qua ddng (cd nhirng Idp tren 100 smh \ien), sinh vien phai ngdi chen chiic nhau giang vign chi cd thg thuyet trinh, khdng cd dieu kien td chirc trao ddi, thao luan
+ Ve phuang tien, trang thiet bi day hpc tu\
da dugc trang bi nhung chua dap ling cho hoal dgng dgc lap va chii ddng ciia cac khoa, cac nganh hgc, Phdng dc thieu tinh chu dong chua cd phdng bd mdn rieng cho dac thii nganh dao tao, phirong tien thiet bi thuc hanh, giao trinh va tai lieu de sinh vign tham khao
va nghien ciru cdn han che, cac phuang tien hien dai de cap nhat thdng lin ddi vdi ngudi hoc chua dap inig kjp thai nhu cau ciia sinh vien
M O T SO GIAI PHAP
Tir thue trang tren, de dap irng dugc yeu cau
ciia dao tao tin chi, vdi sy khac biet rieng va dac thii ciia mgt trudng su pham da nganh, trong dieu kien cho phep cd the lam dugc theo chiing toi can tap trung vao nhirng van
dg sau:
Dieu chinh noi dung, each thirc bien soan gido trinh vd de cuang bai gidng
Tat ca cac hgc phan khi chuyen sang hgc che tin chi d6u giam tai thdi gian Ign Idp tir 30
Trang 3den 40 % so vdi nien che, nhung khdng dupe
cat giam ngi dung ca ban ciia chuong trinh,
chinh vi vay van de dau tien ciia ngudi giang
vien la phai dieu chinh lai ngi dung, c3u triic
bai gi^g Day la digu kien tign quygt dong thdi
la mgt thach thiic Idn ddi vdi mdi giang vien
Theo chiing tdi, each bien soan chuong trinh
va de cuang bai giang theo hudng "lan Ida"
va "tich hgp" la nhan td quan trgng dg nang
cao chat lugng day hgc
Viec bign soan bai gian^ theo hudng nay tuc
la chgn mgt sd van de cot loi ma tir nhu'ng van
de do cd thg hudng sinh vign nghien cii'u
nhieu van de khac trong ngi dung mdn hgc
Moi mgt hgc phan tiiy theo sd tin chi va ngi
dung CO ban cd the bien soan thanh mpt sd
van dg va giiia cac van de cd Id gic gan ket
bat bupc la mgt hudng di phii hop vdi mdi
trudng dao tao da nganh
Vi du: Ddi vdi hgc phan "Phuong phap day
hoc cac ndi dung mdn toan d trudng trung
hgc CO sd", trong ndi dung dao tao nign chg
thdi luong tdi 5 doTi vi hoc trinh, vdi 7
chuang co ban, khi chuyen sang dao tao tin
chi duoc rut ngan cdn 4 tin chi, nhung de
thich hgp theo hinh thue dao tao tin chi chiing
toi bign soan lai theo 4 ndi dung Idn' Hoat
dong sd hgc vd dat so hoat dong hinh hoc,
hoal dong linh lodn vd su ly so lieu thdng ke,
hoat dpng dn tap vd kiem tra ddnh gid Vdi 4
hoat ddng dd, tinh Id gic lan Ida cua ndi_ dung
chuang trinh khdng nhiing chi chuygn tai
duoc tat ea nhung ndi dung co ban ciia hgc
phan ma cdn hudng cho sinh vien md rdng va
cap nhat dugc nhieu van de trong trong chudi
cac mdn hgc ciia chuang trinh dao lao nhu dai
so so cap, ly thuyet sd, hinh hgc sa cap,,,,
Tao cho sinh vien nhan thirc dugc tinh logic,
dong tam cita mdn hgc vdi nghiep vu vdi cac
mon chuyen nganh Quan trgng hon viec bien
soan giao trinh, bai giang nhu vay giang vien
se xay dung dugc nhung bai tap nhan thirc va
bai tap nghien ciru cho sinh vign Digu nay co
thg hudng sinh vien tu hpc, tu nghien cuu va
gliip cho viec danh gia chuan xac
* Doi mat phuang phdp, each thuc to chuc
day hoc tren lap
Trudc hgt-can phai doi mdi trong tu duy nhan
thirc cua giang vien va sinh vien, day hpc d
dai hpc theo diing nghTa la day each hgc
- Day cho sinh vien each lap ke hoach hoc tap: sinh vien phai xac dinh rd can dat duoc
nhung gi sau khi hgc bai nay, phan nay , each lap ke hoach thuc hien cho tirng mon hgc, lap ke hoach de lam chii dugc thdi gian cho hgc tap
- Day cho sinh vien each hoc bdi: Day each
hgc ca nhan nhu bigt phan tich, tdng hgp, danh gia, ket ndi cac van de vdi nhau dg xac lap dugc mdi quan he giu'a eac he thdng kien thirc Cach tim tdi, phat hien nhirng ndi dung tri thiic mdi ma ngudi thay yeu cau hoac chua
de cap tdi Day each hgc hgp tac (hgc nhdm), each giao tiep, each trinh bay y kien, y tudng cua minh Irudc tap the nhdm, each thuyet phuc tap the, each lang nghe va lua chgn y kign, ddng thdi biet each td chiic, quan li tir mpt nhdm nhd den mpt tap the Idn trong hgc tap va nghign ciru
- Day sinh vien each doc tdi lieu vd ghi
nhd-Day lira chgn tai lieu phii hgp vdi chuyen mdn, vdi trinh do ciia ban than Day each ghi chep thdng tin tir dpe sach va each luu gitr nhung thdng tin do de bo sung bai giang va tra ciru
- Day cho sinh vien each nghien cuu vd gidi quyet vdn de: Day each xay dung de cuang,
thu thap tu lieu, each phan tich, tdng hgp va nhan xel van de
- Day sinh vien each tu duy Chang ban cuoi
mdi bai danh 3 - 5 phiit yeu cau sinh vign Viet ra 2-3 van de chinh ciia bai giang ma hg cho la quan trgng nhat, va giai thich su lua chgn cua minh, khuygn khich, tao digu kien cho sinh vien nhan bigl, higu va giai thich cac moi hen he giij'a cac kign thiic, giira cac van de
Vi du: Khi day hoat dgng sd hgc va dai sd, ngn dat nd trong tdng the ciia cac hoat ddng loan hgc dign hinh, khuygn khich sinh vien giai quygt dugc cac mdi lien he giiia hoat ddng sd hgc va dai so vdi cac hoat dgng : Day hpc khai niem, day hgc dinh ly va day giai bai tap toan.Tir mdi lign he dd sinh vien se riit ra dugc dac digm rieng cho phuang phap day hgc cac van de cu thg trong khi day hoat dgng
sd hgc va dai sd
Trang 4Ndng cao vi^c hdi dumig chuyen mdn
nghiep vu, -\dy dimg ngudn lire con ngudi vd
ca sd vdi chdt
- Cung cap day dii thdng lin ve giang vien dc
sinh vien cd dicu kien lua chgn D d la nhirng
thdng tin ca ban vg li lich khoa hgc, vc giao
irinh, \ c nhirng Ihanh tich ndi bat trong qua
trinh day hoc
- X;i\ dyng ngudn nhan Iuc, dac biel la dpi
ngii giang vien cd be d;i\ kinh nghiem, dpi
ngii t r g giang lanh nghe, dpi ngu cd van am
hieu ngi dung chuang trinh va Imh hoat trong
khau l u v a n
- Hoan thien va bd sung giao trinh, dg cuong
bai giang theo each dao tao tin chi
- Cd nhirng hieu biet co ban vc phuang phap
day hgc theo hinh thirc tin chi trong tirng khau
cua qua trinh Ign Idp:
+ Tap trung trinh bay cho sinh vien nhij'ng ngi
dung trgng tam, khuyen khich va khai thac
hieu qua cac y kign trao ddi giiip sinh vign
hoan thien nhan thirc ciia minh
+• Neu cac van de, tao khdng khi hgc tap,
trong dd smh vien duac khuyen khich tim tdi,
phat hien nhii'ng kign thiic, kT nang can thiel
dg giai quygt van dg ma giangvien neu ra
+ Giao cac bai tap, budc sinh vign phai lam
viec Iheo nhdm d tren Idp cung nhu ngoai gid
hgc Nham khuyen khich t u duy va hinh
thanh nhii'ng phuong phap hgc tap huu hieu,
each thuc hgp tac va dien dat cac y tudng ciia
tirng ca nhan
+ Ra cac cau hdi, bai lap budc sinh vien phai
giai quyel theo nhieu hudng, nhieu quan diem
khac nhau va ddi hdi phai cd giai thich, danh
gia rill ra ket luan
+ Can to chirc va ket hgp nhigu hinh thirc day
hoc ca nhan, nhdm va tap the de cd the phal
huy tdi da nang Iuc l u duy ciia tii'ng sinh vien,
ciia nhdm va ciia ca lap the
+ Can neu ro myc dich, nhirng cau hdi danh gia
va ngudn lai nguyen tham khao lam dinh hudng
cho viec t u hpc, l u nghien ciiu ciia sinh vien
y g khau to chii'c va quan ly' Thudng xuyen
tien hanh du g i d riit kinh nghiem, sinh hoat
chuygn mdn dinh ki de trao doi chuyen mdn,
ciing chuygn nganh hep
- Khau kiem tra danh gia can cd nhieu hinh thtic da dgng va phii hgp vdi hoc tap theo kieu lich luy, t i trgng digm chuyen can va digm thi
cd thg la 50/50, da dang phuang thirc danh gia hgc phan nhu bao cao chuyen de lam bai lap Idn, thi kgl thiic hoac thi giira ki thdi gian danh cho dn thi cac mdn can dii theo qui djnh CLia dao tao theo tin chi
- Khuyen khich ting dung cong nghe thdng tin vao giang day de khai thac dugc tiem Iuc ciia cdng ngh^ hi?n dai vao ddi m d i phuang phap day hoc
- Bd tri phdng dc, thai gian len Idp khoa hpc
dg sinh vign cd thai gian t u hpc (theo tieu chi
de tiep Ihu 1 tin chi sinh vign phai danh it nhat 30 g i d chuan bi ca nhan) M d i phong hpc nen cd mpt may tinh, mgt may chieu va mgt man chigu lap dat san, them mgt tam bang keo dg vigt bgn canh man chieu Phong hoc chi nen cd khoang 50 sinh vien, ngoi thoai mai, mdi ban cd d cam dien dg sinh vien
cd the su dyng may tinh ca nhan
- T h u vien can dugc td chiic tign Igi cho viec dgc va mugn sach
- Mdt digu khdng the thieu la giiip sinh vien nhan thirc rd nhirng co hgi ma dao tao theo he thong tin chi tao ra cho hg
- He thdng td chirc dao tao can dn dinh hoat dgng ddng bd
K E T L U A N Dao tao theo hgc che tin chi da dang \a se
md ra nhirng co hdi ciing nhirng thach thiic mdi Dg thuc hien \ icc dao tao theo hgc che tin chi v d i chat lugng ngay cang nang cao, chiing ta can phai thang than nhin nhan nhiing
\ e i i kem cimg nhirng bat cap de cd chien luge phal trien phii hgp
V d i ngudn nhan lye dugc chuan hoa ciing nhung chuyen bien can ban trong ddi mdi npi dung, chuong trinh, phuang phap day hoc tren co sd gan lien \ d i viec xay dung he Ihdng ca sd vat chat, phuong lien day hgc tien lien, hien dai, chiing tdi tin tudng rang chat lugng day hpc theo he thdng tin chi tai trudng Dai hgc Su pham- Dai hgc Thai Nguyen khdng ngirng dugc nang cao dap irng nhu cau cua xa hpi va hdi nhap qudc te
Trang 5T A ! LIEU T H A M K H A O hgc Viet Nam", Ki yeu Hdi thao khoa hgc Idn 2
[1], Quy dinh dao tao Dai hpc va Cao dang he '•"''^^g ^ ^ ' '^°'= ^ ^ P^^^"^ ' " ^ ^ ^ i (2007), chinh quy theo he th6ng tin chi s6 595/ QD-DT- I^] Le Dire Ngoc "Phuong phap day va hoc dai
DHSP Dai Hpc Thai Nguyen - 2011, hoc ap dung trong hpc che tin chi", Ki ycni Hdi [2] Pham Xuan Hai "Mpt s6 giai phap nang cao 'hdo khoa hoc lan 2 Trudng Dai hpc Su pham I chat lupng dao tao theo tin chi d cac truong dai ^^ Npi (2007)
S U M M A R Y
S O M E S O L U T I O N S T O I M P R O V E T E A C H I N G Q U A L I T Y BY C R E D I T
-B A S E S S Y S T E M A T T H E T H A I N G U Y E N U N I V E R S I T Y O F E D U C A T I O N
Ho Thi Mai Phuong
College of Education - 7 V['
Implementation ofthe training credit- based is a requirement of education reform in modernization catch up with the advanced level of the world To meet the training requirements of the credit-based, with individual differences and the characteristics of a multi-disciplinary training as the Thai Nguyen university of education, in permit conditions, it may be to focus on the problem the following
1 Adjust the content, curriculum and syllabus
2 Innovation nethods, the organization of classroom teaching
3 Advanced professional training issues, building human resources and facihties
Keyword: Al the thai Nguyen university of education Credit- based training, Regulate, innovation training issues
Ngdynhgn bdi 23/11/2012 ngdy phan bien: 30/11/2012, ngdy duyet ddng:26/3/2013
Tel 0915 590027 Emad hophuongl864/a}gmad c