NGHIEN CIJU IRAO fl^l NGmtN cuu IRAO f TU TUdNG H(5 CHI iMilNH vfi GlAO DUG VA XA H O I HOA GlAO DUG Ngon duo''''c soi sang nin giao due Viet Nam Vi til, vai trd cua gido due (GD) dtfdc Chu tjch Hd Chi M[.]
Trang 1NGHIEN CIJU IRAO fl^l.NGmtN cuu IRAO f
TU TUdNG H(5 CHI iMilNH
vfi GlAO DUG VA XA H O I HOA GlAO DUG
Ngon duo'c soi sang nin giao due Viet Nam
Vi til, vai trd cua gido due (GD) dtfdc Chu
tjch Hd Chi Minh khing djnh Id -qudc
sdch hdng ddu", dtfpc t h l hign xuydn
sud't vd nhd't qudn trong idled cdc ttf tydng quan
diem, phdt bieu cua Ngtfdi ke ttfng ngdy d i u
dd't ntfdc ta mdi gidnh dtf0c dOc lap eho dd'n liic
Ngtfdi dl xa
Trong hd't ky hodn cdnh ndo, Hd Chu tich vSn
ludn ddnh stf quan tdm sdu s i c cho sy nghidp
GD Mpt ngdy sau khi dgc Bdn Tuydn ngdn dOc
lap (ngdy 03/9/1945), Ngtfdi da chii tii phidn hgp
cua Chinh phii vd ndu ra nhffng nhipm vu cd'p
bdch cua Nha nydc Vidt Nam Dan chu Cpng
hod can giai quye't, trong dd ed nhiem vu thtf
hai la "Md mpt chien dich de chdng nan mil chQ"
- chdng giac dot Ngtfdi coi GD Id "qudc sdch"
Id vd'n d l trgng tam phdi thydng xuydn chdm
lo Trong Thtf gtfi anh chi em gido vidn binh dan
hpc vu (thdng 5/1946) Ngydi vidt: " Chuong
trinh ciia Chinh phii la ldm thi'ndo cho todn qudc
ddng bdo ai cdng co dn, cd mac, cd hpc hdnh
Vdy, khdu hi$u cua chiing ta Id: Tdng gia sdn xuat,
chdng nan md chQ"
Ngay 10 thang 8 nam 1946 ChQ tich Hd Chi
Minh ban hanh Sac lenh 146/SL, trong dd, khing
dinh: "Mpt dan tdc dot la mpt ddn tpc yeu" Ngydi
xdc dinh mii chff vd stf dot ndt Id mpt thtf gide,
mdt qud'c nan: "Gidc ddi, gidc ddt Id bpn dong
minh cua gipc ngoai xdm" Ngtfdi kdu ggi: "Todn
ddn tham gia di$t gipc dot theo phtfdng chdm:
Ngtfdi biet day cho ngtfdi chtfa bie't Ai cdng
phdi hpc" Ngydi xdc dinh 03 nguydn t^c cdn
bdn cua nen GD nydc nhd Id: "Dai chiing hod,
ddn tpc hod, khoa hoc hod" Nhan thay rd tam
quan trpng cua GD, Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ludn
chu trpng mot nen GD mdi - mOt n i n GD md
muc tieu, ndi dung va phtfdng phdp phdi hffdng
N G U Y I N MINH NGQC
Vdn phdng Tinh uy Elong Thdp
ddn viec phdt triln con ngffdi todn dien, cung nhff ddng vidn mpi Itfc Itfdng, tang Idp tham gia tich ctfc vdo sy nghidp GD Trong lich stf cdch mang Vi^l Nam, hiem cd vi lanh tu ndo quan tam d i n sy nghidp GD mpt cdch todn dien
vd sau s i c nhtf Chu tich Ho Chi Minh Ngffdi
ndu rd: "Mpi ngtfdi Vipt Nam dSu phdi dtfpc GD,
phdi cd kien thQc de tham gia vdo cdng cuoc xdy dtfng ntfdc nhd "
Chinh Chu tich Ho Chi Minh da ddt nen mdng xay dyng n i n GD md vd chi ra phtfdng each thyc hign chinh sdch md U-ong GD, thdng qua con dtfdng xa hOi hod GD Phdt bilu tai Dai hpi sd kdt cdng tdc binh dan hpc vu 6 thdng
d i u nam I956(ngdy I6/7/l956),Ngydidenghi:
"NhQng ngtfdi biet chQ hay day cho nhiing ngtfdi khong bie't chQ, ngtfdi bie't chQ nhieu day ngtfdi biet chQ it, mdi xdm cQ mpt ngtfdi di hpc, hpc mdy hdm ve dpy mdy hdm, he't chQ rdi trd lai hpc, thdy vQa dpy vQa hpc" Hodc nhy tiTang Bai
"Chdng nan that hpc " (ddng tren Bao Ctfu qudc,
sd 58, ngay 04/10/1945), Ngtfdi chi din: •'Cdc
ngtfdi gidu co thi md ldp hpc d tu gia day cho ngtfdi khong bie't chQ d hdng xdm lang gieng, cdc chu dp, chu ddn dien, chU hdm mo, nhd mdy thi md ldp hpc cho nhQng td dien nhihig ngtfdi lam cua minh"
Trong bdi vie't ddng tien bdo Nhan Ddn (Sd
183, ngdy 09 - 11/5/1954), Ngtfdi dan dd: "
Mudn giQ vQng nen d0c Itfp, mudn lam cho ddn gidu ntfdc manh, mpi ngiM Viit Nam phdi hieu bie't quyen Idi cOa minh, bdn phpn cOa minh, phdi
cd kien thdc mdi c6 thi tham gia vdo cong viec xdy dtfng ntfdc nhd, vd trtfdc hit phdi biit dpc
Tlirini!lT,hH0^H(ICfiCONCNC}IE
Trang 2NGHIEN COU IRAO flOl • NGHIEN COU IRAO flOl
biet viet chQ Qudc ngQ" vd " co dong chi noi:
Nong thdn bg.n viec nhliu, kho hpc tgp Chinh vi
cdng viec nhieu ma cdng cdn phdi hpc tap dildm
cho ddng vien vd cdt cdn ttf ttfdng thong, ldp trtfdng
vQng, ldm dung chinh sdch cua Bdng vd Chinh
phu, di dung dtfdng loi qudn chiing Hpc cdng
khd thi gidi quye't cdc vdn de cang di ddng, cong
viec trdi chdy " Ndi chuydn vdi ldp Nghien
ctfu Chinh tii khod I, trudng Dai hpc Nhan dan
(ngdy 21/7/1956), Ngtfdi khing dinh: " Hpc la
mdt viec phdi tiep tuc sudt ddi, sudt ddi phdi gan
uin l^ luan vdi cong tdc thtfc te"
Trdn bdo Nhan Ddn sd'ra ngay 16 thang 10
nam 1968, ban ve muc tidu ciia GD & DT Ngffdi
cho rkng GD Id d l "ddo tao nhQng con ngtfdi ke
tuc stf nghiip cdch mang to ldn cua Dang vd nhdn
dan ta" Ngtfdi cung chi ro ring, GD phdi dtfpc
thtfc hidn theo nguydn ly "Ly lugn gan chpt vdi
thtfc hdnh, hpc ldp d nhd trtfdng gdn lien vdi xd
hpi vdi gia dinh "
Ngtfdi ddnh gid ra't cao hieu qua cua viec phat
huy md'i hdn hd mdt thid't gitfa nhd trffdng - gia
dinh - xa hdi trong GD, cham lo, bdi dffdng the'
he tre Trong Bai ndi chuydn cua Ngffdi tai Hdi
nghi cdn bd Dang nganh GD (tff 03 - 08/6/1957,
tai Hd Npi): "GD trong nha trudng dU co tdt mdy
nhung thie'u GD trong gia dinh vd ngodi xa hdi
thi kit qud cung khong thu dupc hodn todn" Sy
nghiep GD - theo tff ttfdng Hd Chi Minh - va stf
nghidp cua toan Dang, cua nhd nffdc vd ciia nhdn
dan Do vdy, chi cd kd't hpp chat che cdc yeu
to' nay mdi tao thanh stfc manh tdng hdp d l dffa
stf nghiep trdng ngydi di ddn thang Ipi Trong
"Thtfg&i cdn bp, thdy gido, cd gido, hpc sinh nhdn
dip khai gidng ndm hpc mdi", Ngydi khing dinh:
"GD Id stf nghiip cua qudn chiing, cdn phdi phdt
huy ddy du ddn chU xd hdi chu nghla, xdy dtfng
quan hi thdt tdt, dodn kit chdt che giQa thdy vd
thdy, giQa thdy vd trd, giQa nhd trtfdng vd nhdn
ddn di hodn thdnh thang Ipi nhiem vu do GD
nhdm ddo tao con ngtfdi ketuc stf nghiep cdch
mang to ldn cua Ddng vd nhdn ddn ta Do dd
cdc ngdnh, cdc cdp ddng vd chinh quyen dia
phuang phdi thqt stf quan tdm hdn nQa den su
nghiip ndy, ph&i chdm s6c nhd trtfdng ve mpi mpt, day manh stf nghiep GD cUu ta lin nhQng btfdc phdt trien mdi"
Tinh dd'n cud'i ndm 1945, sau hdn ba thdng phdt dOng phong trdo xod md chff, theo bdo cdo chffa d l y dii cua cdc tinh Bac bd gtfi ve Bp Qud'c gia Gido due, cdc dia phtfdng da md dtfdc trdn 22.000 Idp hgc vdi gin 30.000 gido vidn vd da day bie't chff cho hdn 500.000 hgc vidn Chi sau mdt nam trien khai Binh dan hgc vy (8/9/1945
- 8/9/1946), cd nydc ta da cd gin 75.000 Idp hgc, 95.000 gido vidn, cd ydn 2,5 trieu ngydi thodt nan mtf chtf Ddng ndi Id phan ldn kinh phi diu
do cdc dia phydng va ty nhdn chi trd Trung bd Nam bd ciing cd nhffng bydc tidn khd quan Khdng chi xoa nan mii chff Bd Qudc gia Gido due da xdy dtfng dtfpc 14 trtfdng trung hgc, trffdng ky nghd cao cap va sd cap vdi tong sd gin 6.000 hgc sinh trung hpc So vdi ddn sd nffdc
ta luc bay gid la 22 trieu ngffdi, rd rang day thdt
sy la mdt k j tich cua n i n GD non trd Tff tffdng Hd Chi Minh v l GD va xa hdi hod
GD da soi sang, dinh hffdng hoat ddng GD nffdc
ta sudt hdn 65 nam qua va dat dffdc nhffng thanh
tffu to ldn, dao tao dtfdc "nhQng con ngtfdi ke
tuc stf nghiep cdch mang to ldn cua Ddng vd nhdn ddn" - nhtfng Idp ngtfdi ydu nffdc, cd y
chi ddc ldp, ty chu, cd pham chat chinh tri, dao dye trong sang, vffng vdng tiong mpi hodn canh,
cd tinh than vffpt khd vffdn len lam chu tri thffc khoa hpc - cdng nghd - ky thudt, phyc vy xffng dang sy nghidp xay dyng, bao ve vd phdt triln dat ntfdc Trong xu thd' todn c l u hoa, hdi nhap qud'c te' hien nay, xa hpi hod GD nffdc ta vSn dya trdn n i n tang tff ttfdng Hd Chi Minh v l ti-idt ly GD./
Tdi lifu tham khdo:
1- Hd Chi Minh toan tdp (2000), Nha xua't bdn Chinh tri Qud'c gia, Hd Ndi
2- Nghien cdti, hgc tap Tff tffdng Hd CM Minh (2003), Nha xul't ban Tong hdp, Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh
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