HirONG DJiN HOC SINH INING HOC PHA I H O N G UUIII BN TAP M C HJWIH niGOAl KHOA M O N U C H SIT QUA KHAI THAC TAI UEU T R E N INTERNn O TtiS NGUYEN THU NGA" Nhifng ndm gdn ddy, su tifn dyng, phong phi[.]
Trang 1HirONG DJiN HOC SINH INING HOC PHA I H O N G UUIII BN TAP M C HJWIH niGOAl KHOA M O N U C H SIT QUA KHAI THAC TAI UEU TREN INTERNn
O TtiS NGUYEN THU N G A "
Nhifng ndm gdn ddy, su tifn dyng, phong
phi) Clio cdc fdi lieu tren mgng cung nhu
h'nh phd biln cuo cdng nghf thdng fin da
dnh hudng tich eye d i n vife dgy vd hgc ljch sif
(LS) d frudng trung hge phd fhdng (THPT) Vdn de
ddt ro Id, Idm f h l ndo de gido vien (GV) vifo cd
f h l tdn dyng dtroc nhifng kien thifc phong phu
md hgc sinh (HS) fim kilm dugc tren mgng, vifa
su dyng nhu mgt edng ey, bifn phdp dde lye frong
ndng coo kT ndng ty hge eho HS
1 Trong chuang frinh LS THPT hien hdnh, vife
Idm bdi tdp thuc hdnh ngogi khod (BTTHNK) if
duge quon tdm, fhdm chf bi xem nhe, sd BTTHNK
Id khdng ddng kl Cy the:
- LS 10 cd 3 BTTHNK: / ; Hdy neu nhirng cdu
CO doo v l nghi thu edng md em bilt (Bdi 22);
2) Neu mdt vdi cdng trinh nghf thudt hay Idn
difu ddn ca d djo phuong md em bief (Bdi 24);
3) Hdy suu tdm nhifng cdu co doo v l truyen fhdng
yeu nude cuo ddn tdc to (Bdi 28)
LS 11 cd 5 BTTHNK: I) Suu tdm fdi lifu,
tranh dnh v l cdc nhd van, nhd tho, nhd sogn
nhgc, hga sT ndi t i l n g thdi cdn dgi (Bdi 7);
2) Ddn mdt fdc phdm vdn hgc nghe thudt (ty
chgn), neu ddi net v l su phdn dnh ddi sdng xd
hgi duong thdi d fdc phdm dd (Bdi 7); 3) Tim
hieu nhifng net Idn v l cudc ddi vd hogt ddng
cdeh mgng cua M.Gondi (Bdi 15); 4) Suu tdm
mdt so fu l i f u , vdn kifn Ddng lien quan d i n
nhifng sy kifn LS the gidi hifn dgi (1917-1945)
(Bdi 18); 5) Suu tdm tdi lifu vd trinh bdy v l thdi
nien thieu cua Hd Chf Minh (Bdi So kit LS Viit
Nam (1858-1918))
- LS 12, gdm 4 BTTHNK: 1) Suu tdm tu lifu ve
td chuc ASEAN (Bdi 4); 2) Suu tdm tu lifu, tranh
dnh v l mdt nude d ehdu Phi hode MT Lo finh (fir
sou chien tranh the gidi II) md em quon tdm
(Bdi 5); 3) Quo bdi hgc vd sdch bdo, hdy neu
nhi/ng thdnh h/u khoa hge - cdng nghf tieu bieu
cua nude MT md em biff (Bdi d); 4) Tim hieu v l
cudc khdi nghTo gidnh chfnh quyen fhdng Tdm ndm 1945 d djo phuong em (Bdi 1 d)
Thdng ke tren eho thdy, ddy Id hgn c h l Idn cua chuong trinh Oe ndm dugc thue t l v l vife hudng ddn HS Idm BTTHNK, chung tdi dd tien hdnh khdo sdt mgt sd GV LS cdc frudng THPT tgi
TP Nam Ojnh (ndm hge 2011 -2012), kit qud cho thdy: Hdu hit GV (90%) thudng bd quo cdc dgng bdi tdp ndy, vi cho Id khdng edn thilt, ehi mang tinh fhom khdo, sg mdt thdi gion (trong
dd, cd 5% GV khdng h i bilt d i n dgng bdi fdp ndy); - Mdt sd it GV (10%) ed hudng ddn HS Idm BTTHNK, song chuo cd nhung tieu chf ddnh gid, kilm fro ey the, khoo hge nen chdt lugng chuo coo Vi vdy, vife HS khdng biet d i n dgng bdi tdp thuc hdnh ndy hoy ehi Idm quo loo, mong tfnh chilu If eOng Id dieu d l hieu
2 Tren internet eo nhieu vdn d l md HS ed the
hr khoi thdc, phye vy hge fdp mdn LS, nhu: ndi dung vdn bdn, vdn kifn, hif p udc; fronh dnh, bdi Viet, bdi binh ludn v l nhdn vdt, sy kifn, dja danh LS BTTHNK Id dgng bdi tgp mdi, Ig giup HS ndng coo vdn hiiu bief, bd sung kiln thirc cho bdi hgc fren Idp, tgo sy say me, hung thii vdi bd mdn LS; Id bifn phdp huu hifu opng coo kT ndng
hr hgc, phdt huy finh ehu ddng, tieh eye ciio HS
trong hogt ddng hgc tdp US
Khoi thdc tdi lifu tren Internet, HS se phdt huy, ren luyfn dugc nhilu kT ndng, thoo tdc su dyng Internet: tim kiem tu l i f u , hinh dnh, video , dov/locid vd luu trif fdi lifu Trong qud trinh hodn thifn BTTHNK LS, HS cdn phdt huy, phdt friln kT ndng phdn tich, ddnh gid, tdng hgp vd phdn logi fdi lifu; biet tuyen chgn, bien fdp vd trinh bdy fdi lifu thdnh thyc, hifu qud; Id eo hdi td't giup HS ren luyen, st/ dung vd'n ngoai ngir vdo hgc tdp
Kl-ii huong ddn HS Idm BHHNK mdn LS, GV
nfn luu y:
* Tn(Oi{ THPT Trv HMg Bfo - Nam Djiih
Tap chi Glao due so 2 9 9 (ki % la/aoiai
Trang 2- Ddi higng hudng tdi \d HS THPT d cdc thdnh
phd, thj xd, khu ddn eu phdt frien KT ndng st/ dyng
Internet cuo HS dgt frinh do tuong ddi thdnh thgo
Do phdn cdc frudng THPT hifn nay duge frong bj
mdy finh, mgng Internet khd ddy dii vd h/ong dd'i
hifn dgi Ody Id dieu kifn quon frgng nhd't eho
khd ndng khoi thdc, st/ dyng fdi lifu fren Internet
frong hogt dgng dgy - hgc cuo GV vd HS
- Tdi lifu tren Internet rd't phong phii, do dgng,
song cung phifc tgp v l ngudn gdc xud't xif, do tin
cdy khoo hgc vd quon diem giai cd'p, chinh trj
Vi vdy, GV cdn djnh hudng cho HS fheo quon
diem Mde-Lenin, chu truong dudng ldi etJo Odng,
chfnh sdch vd phdp ludt cuo Nhd nude Tir dd,
HS flip cdn dung ddn ngi dung kiln thuc dgt ro,
lya chgn thdng tin phii hgp, vuo sife; ddm bdo
finh khoo hge, tfnh tu tudng
- Sd frong Web ve LS rd't phong phu, do dgng,
khdng the bilt hit vd khd kilm chung dugc cdc
ngudn fhdng tin md HS flip edn, khai thdc Do
dd, GV edn djnh hudng edeh nhdn bilt cdc trang
Web tin c^y cho HS khoi thdc, nhu: frong Web
ed ten miln Id edu, gov, com, org, net, vn hay
GV cung cd'p cdc djo ehi quen thugc vd fin cdy:
h t f p : / / v i w i k i p e d i a o r g / w i k i c o m : h t t p : / /
www.google.com.vn; h t t p : / / w w w , lichsu
Vietnam.vn; http://www.bochkhoatoonthu
gov.vn; hffp://www.quehuong.org.vn: h t t p : / /
maps.google.com
3 Quy trinh hudng dan HS Idm BHHNK
mdn LS
; ; GV thii't ki'dS tdi BTTHNK Cdn et/ vdo
ehuong frinh hge cuo tifng khd'i Idp, GV ehu ddng
thilt k l BTTHNK cho phii hgp, vdi hoi dgng chinh:
- Ndi dung BTTHNK gdn vdi kien thi/e ehinh
cua mdt bdi hge ey f h l Vi dy, khi dgy Bdi 3
«Cdc qudc gia ed dgi phuong Ddng" (LS 10),
GV ed the ro d l tdi: Em hdy suu tdm it nhdt 10 tu
liiu, tranh dnh vi nhifng thdnh tyu vdn had Idn
cua cdc qudc gia cd dai phuong Ddng Khi hge
bdi «So kit LS Viet Nam (1858-1918)" (LS 11),
HS phdi ndm dugc dde d i l m ndi bdt ciJa LS nude
ta glai dogn ndy Id chdng thye ddn Phdp xdm
luge vd di tim dudng ei/u nude, nen dd xud't hifn
khdng if nhdn vdt LS, frong dd tieu bieu nhd't Id
Nguyin Ai Qud'e - Hd Chi Minh Vdi d l tdi: Suu
ldm tdi lieu vd Irinh bdy vi thdi niin thieu eua Ho
Chi Minh, HS se fy Idm sdng fd ede vdn de: tieu
Sl/, ddng Iyc, hudng di fim dudng cuu nude,
nhifng ddng gdp cuo Nguyen Ai Qud'e - Hd Chi
Tap chi Glao due s6 2 9 9 {va i • la/aoia)
Minh vdi each mgng Vift Nam gioi dogn
1911-1918 Nhd dd, bieu fugng Nguyin Ai Qudc
Hd Chi Minh dugc khde hga sinh dgng sdu sdc frong tdm thifc HS
- Ndi dung BTTHNK «md" ndm trong khudn
khd ehuong trinh, khdng nhd't thief phdi gdn vdi phdn kiln thifc bdt budc, nhung Igi duge HS quon tdm, yeu thfch lyo chgn Vf dy, sou khi dgy
Bdi 20 «Xdy dung vd phdt trien vdn hod ddn tde trong cdc ihe'ki'X-XV" (LS 10), GV eho HS BHHf^JK dgng «md" vdi de fdi: Em hdy suu tdm it nhdt 5 tdi lieu LS (vii't, tranh dnh ) vi mgt thdnh tyu vdn hod tiiu bleu cua nen vdn hod Thdng Long Oe
thye hien bdi tdp ndy, HS phdi xde djnh dt/gc vdn hod Thdng Long - tdp hgp ede fhdnh h/u md ddn fdc to cd dugc trong ede the ki X-XV Sou khi ndm chdc phgm vi thdi gion, HS tu lyo chgn mgt thdnh tyu vdn hod tieu bleu minh hung thu, thudc cdc tinh vyc: tu tudng - tdn gido, gido dye, vdn hgc, nghf thudt, khoo hgc - kT thudt
Hodc, frudc khi hgc Bdi 7 «Nhifng thdnh tyu vdn hoa thdi can dgi" (LS 11), GV eho HS Idm BTTHNK dgng «md": Suu tdm tdi lieu, tranh dnh
vi cdc nhd vdn, nhd tha, nhd sogn nhgc, hga sT ndi tie'ng thdi can dgi hodc Ddn mgt tdc phd'm vdn hge nghe hudt (ty chgn), niu doi net vi sy phdn dnh ddi sdng xd hgi duong thdi d tde phdm
dd HS dugc tu do lya chgn nhifng tdc gid hodc
tdc phdm minh yeu thich, d'n tugng d l the hifn
y tudng Hodn thdnh bdi tdp, HS se ed thdi do kinh trgng, khdm phye, noi guong cdc danh nhdn mdt cdch fy nguyfn Hay khi dgy Bdi 5 «Cdc
nude ehdu Phi vd MT Latinh" (LS 12), GV dung ngoy edu hdi cud'i bdi Idm d l tdi BTTHNK: Suu ldm tdi lieu, tranh dnh vi mat nude d ehdu Phi hade MT Latinh (tif sau chiin tranh thi' gidi II)
md em quan tdm
2) GV hudng ddn HS chgn vd phdn logi ldi lieu Khi nhgn de tdi, HS se Idm viee dgc lap theo giao udc, nghTa Id, GV giao ude vdl HS v l
nhifm vy phdi thye hien, sd lugng tdi lifu cdn khoi thdc vd thdi gion hodn thdnh Tuy vdo ndi dung vd phgm vi d l tdi, GV ed the eho HS Idm
vife cd nhdn hogc theo nhdm N l u Id hinh fhi/c
Idm vife fheo nhdm, HS se ty phdn chio nhifm vy
d l ddm bdo fhdi gian hodn fhdnh, hifu qud vd chdf lugng bdi fdp Quo dd, HS the hifn khd ndng
fd chuc edng vife, ty hge vd chu ddng d mt/c do coo nhd't trong viec linh hdi tri fhi/e; giiip tu duy cuo HS phdt triln tdi do
Trang 33) Hudng ddn HS khai thdc vd biin tap ldi
liiu theo cdc yeu cdu: Khi khai thde fren
Internet, du Id tdi lifu viet hay tranh dnh, phim h/
lifu HS phdi chii y den ngudn gdc, xud't xif rd
rdng, ddm bdo finh chinh xde, minh bgch vd khoa
hge; - HS chgn vd phdn logi fdi lifu theo mgt
trong hai cdch (tuy vdo ndi dung vd so lugng
hifn cd): theo tiin Irinh thdi gian vd rfieo h/ng
vdn de LS (vdi mdt sy kifn LS gdm: hodn cdnh LS,
ndi dung ehinh, kit qud, y nghTo ; vdi mdt qudc
gio hoy mdt fd chife se Id: qud frinh hinh fhdnh,
edng cudc xdy dyng vd phdt trien )
Khi thuc hien khdu khoi thde vd bien fdp fdi
lifu, HS dd budc ddu flip cdn vdi tien frinh nghien
ct/u khoo hgc d muc do don gidn Ody Id hinh
thuc tuong dd'i mdi vdi HS Vift Nam, nhung dd
rdt phd bien vdi HS cdc nude tien tiln
4) Hudng dan HS trinh bdy tdi liiu Trinh
bdy tdi lifu Id khdu rd't quan frgng HS phdi ldm
d l the hifn ndi dung BTTHNK Theo giao ude vdi
HS, GV se thyc hifn kilm tra, ddnh gid d l ndm
dugc hifu qud vife su dyng fdi lifu, ndng eao kT
ndng h/ hge cuo HS GV ed t h i da dgng hod ede
hinh tht/c kilm tro kit qud nhu: Yeu edu HS soo
chep, in d'n fdi lifu thdnh vdn bdn vd nop eho
GV; hode, yeu cdu HS gi/i bdi Idm vdo dja ehi
Emo/7 ed nhdn cuo GV hay Email cuo Idp de td't
cd HS ed f h l fhom khdo bdi thu hogch cuo cdc
bgn frong Idp
DO fheo hinh thuc ndo, BTTHNK deu phdi trinh
bdy fheo cdc yeu cdu sau:
Vdi tdi lieu viet: + Cd the sao chep, scon
hodc ddnh mdy rdi in tren mdt mdt khd gid'y A4;
+ Tieu d l fdi lifu phdi vilf to, rd rdng, d l dgc vd
fro ciru; + Mdi tdi lifu d l u ghi ddy du ngudn: fen
tec gid, fen tee phdm, frong, nhd xud't bdn, ndm
xud't bdn
- Vdi tranh dnh, phim video : Cd the dinh
kem tdi lifu v i l f vdi chuc ndng minh hga hodc
frinh bdy rieng theo cdch tht/c gidng nhu fdi
lifu viet
5) Hudng dan HS Idm thu mye luu fru ede
fdi liiu st/u tdm di/gc HS sdp xep fen tdi lifu
theo thu h/ ABC vd ddnh sd frong suu tdm duge
Cdng vife ndy fdp eho HS thdi quen trinh bdy
khoo hgc lugng kien thuc tiep thu dugc frong gid
fren Idp cung nhu h/ hgc d nhd; khi cdn, ed the fro
ci/u thdng fin rd't de ddng, thudn tifn
6) Huang dan HS Idm danh myc cdc fdi
liiu fhom khdo HS sdp xep tfn cdc tei lifu thorn
khdo dd frich ddn de st) dyng trong bdi tgp theo thir h/ ABC Mdi tdi lieu duo vdo danh mye d l u kem theo; Ten tee gid, ten tdi lifu, nhd xud't bdn, ndm xud't bdn De Idm td't budc ndy, HS budc phdi xde djnh rd rdng ngudn cuo tdi lieu, finh minh bgch, ehinh xde; dde bift ngi dung h/tudng cua fdi lifu phdi phu hgp vdi quon diem ldp frudng eua Ddng vd Nhd nude Ody Id sy tgp dugt, Idm tien d l edn thilt eho nhifng cdng trinh nghien cifu khoa hge chuyen sdu se thye hifn d nhung chuong trinh ddo tgo cao hem sou ndy
7) Hudng dan HS Idm trang bia vd ddng
quyen (neu khi bdi tdp thu hogch dugc frinh bdy
dudi dgng van bdn) Trong bia phdi ed ddy du fhdng tin: frudng, fen bdi fdp, fen d l tdi vd ndi dung LS dt/gc suu tdm vd frinh bdy, hg vd ten HS, Idp, thdng - ndm thyc hifn
* * •
Duge GV hudng ddn Idm BTTHNK, HS chdc chdn se tiep thu kiln thue nhonh hon, ehu dgng hon; hdo hifng vdi gid hgc; chu ddng vd tich eye frong cdc hogt ddng nhdn thuc, hiiu bdi sdu hon; hgn c h l sy nhdm Idn cdc don vj kiln thue Ode biff, khi GV d l cdp nhifng ngi dung kien thuc ed lien quon den d l fdi BTTHNK, HS rd't fy fin fhom gio trd Idi ede edu hdi ggi md, tgo nfn khdng khi thi duo sdi ndi, Idnh mgnh Vi vdy, ngodi vife tdi tgo dugc cdc sy kifn LS de HS hinh dung Igi qud khi; LS rd rdng; ndm bdt dung dugc bdn chdf eua vd'n d l frong gid hge ehinh khod, giup HS thyc
sy hung thu, yeu thich mdn LS, GV cdn td chuc, hudng ddn HS tu hge d nhd vdi cdch Idm viic dde lap theo giao t/dc, trong dd cd Idm BTTHNK.Q
Tai lieu tham khao
1 Nguy2n Thj COi Cac con diiorng, bi$n phap ndng cao hieu qua day hoc lich siir o' truvng trung hgc phd
thong NXB Dai hpe supham, H 2008
2 NguySn Thi C6i - Doin Van Hung "Sir dimg cOng nghe thong tin gop phdn d6i mdi phirong phap d^y
hpc ljch sii d trucrng ph6 thOng" Tpp chi Gido difC
S6' 159/2007
3 Phan Ngpc Lien (tdng chii bien) L|ch stir 10 NXB
Gido due, H 2006
4 Phan Ngpc Lien (tdng chu bien) Ljch su-11 NXB
Gido due, H 2007
5 Phan Ngpc Lien (tdng chi bien) L(ch sii 12 NXB
Gido diie, H 2008
6 Dang Thanh Todn - NguySn Thu Nga Hmfng dSn
(Xem tidp Irang 41)
Tap ehi Glao due so 2 9 9 (ki i • la/aoiai