XAY DITNG BO CONG CU OANH GIA Ktr QUA HOC TAP TROHG ODA IRiHH AP DUNG PHODNG P H A P DAY HDC TDEO DDAN ThS NGUY§N THj V f T HA* Dgy hpc theo du an (DHDA) Id mdt trong nhQng phuang phdp dupc kha nhilu[.]
Trang 1XAY DITNG BO CONG CU OANH GIA K t r QUA HOC TAP
ThS NGUY§N THj V f T HA*
Dgy hpc theo du an (DHDA) Id mdt trong
nhQng phuang phdp dupc kha nhilu gido
vidn (GV) nghien cQu, thd nghiem trong
qua trinh thyc hign dd'i mdi phuong phap dgy hpc
hign nay Tuy nhien, DHDA la phuong phdp chu ttpng
vide hinh thanh d ngudi hpc ndng lyc hanh dpng de
giai quylt nhung vin d l ttiyc tien ndn ein ed bd cdng
ey de danh gii ket qui hgc tap (DGKQHT) Day id
ye'u td quye't djnh ttianh cdng va trie'n vpng cua vige
iimg dyng rpng rdi phuong phap ndy trong day hpe
Bai viet d l cap vin d l xdy dyng bd edng eu OGI<QHT
trong qua trinh ttiyc hien day hpc bdng DHDA
1 Co sdde xay dung bpcong cu DGKQHT
trong DHDA
1) Die diem cua phuang ph^ DHDA Nghien
cQu ddc diem cua phuong phdp khdng ehi cd tinh
djnh hudng eho qua trinh van dyng phuong phap
cila GV ma cdn Id co sd quan trpng de thid't k l bp
edng cu danh gia Theo Nguyin Vdn Cudng, DHDA
cd cac ddc didm chinh sau: - Djnh hudng thye tiln
hay tinh ttiyc tiln; - Tinh phiirc hpp cua nhigm vy hpc
tap; - Kit hpp giQa li ttiuyet vd thyc hdnh; - Tinh djnh
hudng vdo hdng ttiu cua hpc sinh (HS); - Tinh ty td
chQc vd ta/ chju trach nhiem; Tgo ra san pham;
-Tinh cdng tac lam vide (1)
Cac dac dilm trdn cung chinh la co sd de GV
xac djnh cac tieu chi danh gia san pham duan (DA)
eua mdi ca nhan/nhdm ngudi hpc Vi du, trong nhdm
tidu chi xac djnh van d l va ddt ten eho DA thi tinh
thuc tien dupe danh gia d eac mdc dp: "eao", "tmng
binh" hay "ttiap" va luong hda thanh eac mue did'm
sd khae nhau Hay dya vao dac did'm tinh cdng tic
lim viec, GV xdy dung tieu ehi "mQc dp ddng gdp
eiia cae ttianh vien vao qua trinh thuc hign DA" vdi
cae ttiang diem: "rat tich cyc = 5 did'm", "tich eye = 4
dilm", "binh ttiudng = 2 diem" vd 'Ihid'u tich cue = 0
diem" GV cd the xdy dung nhilu tidu chi khae nhau
dya tren mdt dac did'm nhdm hoan thign bd danh
gia khach quan va day du
2) Muc do, yiu cau cua DA Trong li ludn v l
DHDA hien nay, chua ed syxae djnh rach rdi v l muc
32 Tap chi Gido due so 302
dp vd ydu clu eua mdi DA trong qua trinh van dyng, tijy nhien khi tme tilp thuc hien phuong phdp nay,
GV phai tu xac djnh dupe mdc dd vd yeu cdu cua mdi DA thuc hien Cac miic dp va yeu cau dupe xdc lap dya tren cdc ye'u tdsau:
Thdi gian thuc hiin: DA dupc thyc hign trong
1 tuin, 2 tuin hay sudt ki hpc Thdi gian cang dai
thi quy md ciia DA cdng Idn va dT nhidn trong b§
cdng cy danh gia, yd'u td thdi gian cung nhu chudi eac tieu ehi ein cd su lien kit vdi nhau nhdm danh gia tie'n trinh, tie'n dp va higu qua thyc hign DA cua ngudi hgc
- Ddi tugng tham gia: qua trinh thye hign DA la
hoan toan ctia ngudi hpc hay cd su kit hpp eiia GV
va ngudi hpc Neu GV Id ngudi ddt ten cho DA va
HS la ngudi ttiuc hign thi phln ddnh gid chii yd'u d glal dogn thyc hign va san pham eudi cung cila HS, neu DA md ngudi hpc ty thyc hien tQgiai dogn phat hidn van d l ttii bp tidu ehi can danh gia giai doan nay nQa
- Yeu ci'u vesan pham: GV can neu tmde yeu
elu v l san pham cua DA ma HS phai dgt dupc sau khoang thdi gian lam vigc Ody la tieu chi quan trpng nhd't d l DGKQHT d ngudi hpc trong DHDA Vi dy,
n ^ ydu clu san pham la mdt bai ttinh diln da phuong tien thi cd ttie ttiiet ke rieng "Philu danh gia bao cao san pham DA" vdi eac tieu ehi: "Cau tnic cila bai trinh diln", "Chilu sdu cua bdi ttinh diln", "Cach trinh diln",
"Hinh anh minh hoa san pha'm", Cdn neu ydu elu san pham DA la mdt trang web thi tidu chi danh gia
la "Thilt kibdeuc", "Ndi dung", vdi eae muc dp cho did'm khae nhau
3) Muc tUu, ngi dung ciia bai hgc, chuang
hgc hay mon hgc Myc tieu cua bai hpc hay npi
dung mdn hpc ma GV mudn thdng qua DHDA de ngudi hpc ITnh hdi phan anh higu qua cua qua trinh
su dyng phuang phap Chinh vi vdy, trong bp cdng
cy danh gia can ttie hien rd mQc dp dgt dupc d ngudi hpc dua trdn myc tieu eua bai hpe/ndi dung hpc
'InSitBaibfcKik
-(ki2-1/2013)
Trang 2Ye'u td nay the hidn rd net higu qua cua phuonq
phap DHDA (khdng chi a san phd'm ma cdn ttie
hidn trong sudt qua trinh thuc hign cua ngudi hpc)
Cac tieu chi can bam sat vdo muc tieu ma GV da
d l ra vd c i n phai cd dp phu v l ttidi dp, kT ndng va
kiln thde Vi dy, day v l vd'n d l 'Bie'n dd'i khi had
(BOKH), GV xac djnh mdt trong nhQng muc tieu
v l thai dp d ngudi hpc la "Nhdn thQc dung ddn, dly
du v l vai trd, trach nhiem eiia ea nhdn trong cupc
ehiln chdng BOKH hien nay", GV cd the xdy dung
eac cau hdi v l cac van d l gdn vdi thuc tiln dja
phuong, thdng qua dd yeu clu ngudi hoe the hign
quan dllm cua ridng minh
Trdn day la cac co sd d l G V xdy dung bd cdng
ey danh gia Tuy nhidn, trong qua trinh thuc hign,
tiiy vdo dilu kien thyc t l cua qua trinh day - hpc, G V
ed the dua them eae co sd khae vao qua trinli danh
gia cda minh, vi dy nhu trang thilt bj, ca sd vdt chat,
van d l kinh phi,
2 Thiet ke mot sd'phieu danh gia cu the
Tren co sd phdn tich cae ye'u tdfren, trong qua
trinh dp dyng phuong phdp DHDA, tac gia da thiet
k l mdt sd cdng cy DGKQHT cua ngudi hpc, budc
dlu thu nghidm da cho nhQng kit qua kha quan
Sau ddy la mdt sd bp cdng cy ddnh gid:
Phltfu danh gia nhom
Phl£(u Oinh gid n h d m
DA: [T6n DA]
Thdnh viSn: (T6n cdc thdnh viSn t h a m gia DA]
Ki han: [Ki han hodn thdnh DA]
Tti de d6ng gdp vko ttianh cdng cua nhdm minh bSng c^ch:
Ov kiSn, tdl sd thi/c hidn c i c cdng vide:
Dinh gid nhdm cua b^n theo cdc tidu chl sau vdi thang
did'm tif 1 - 4
1 H i t khdng ddng y 2 = Khdng ddng y 3 = Bdng y
4 ' hlodn todn ddng y
MQi thdnh vidn ddu ddng gdp nhu
nhau vdo DA
Nhdm cua chung tdi phdl hi^p tdt vdi
nhau
NhOng t)£t ddng dui^c gidi quydt nhanh
chdng vd hod nha
Nhdm chiing tdi thi/c hidn dung tidn
dd edng vide ithdng b| tri hodn
Tdi ttidy minh dut^c ede thdnh vidn
trong nhdm ddng vidn trong qud trlnh
th(/c hidn DA
Tdi mudn dupe Idm vide vdi nhdm ndy
m^l idn mla
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
Phii'u danh gia thao luan DA:
Nham thi/c hl$n:
Budi thao ludn thi}:
~ ~ ~ ~ — - ~ ^ ^ ^ Ngudi cho dilm
TiSu chl ^ ~~ ^ -~ ~ - .^
Vai tr6 ciia trudng nhdm MiJc dO tham gia cua cdc thdnh vign trong nhdm
Nhdm sur dung cdc chiJng cd logic
6i gidl quy^t cdc di^m tranh cdi
Nhdm Il6n h$ hi$u qud m^t phdn tich chl tl£t vd chinh xdc
Nhdm tdn trpng y kiSn cua cdc nhdm khde vd thila nh|n quy4n bdt ddng
Nhdm thdeh thilc tu duy cua cdc nhdm khde qua nhQng lu$n didm vOng vdng di/a trdn nghldn cijru ed gid tri
Nhdm tranh ludn mdt cdeh binh ITnh, cho cdc nhdm khde thdi gian
dd chia se thdng tin; vd ling nghe vdi tinh thdn cdi md
Tihig thdnh vidn
GV
Luu y: Cdc thdnh vidn nhbm khde cho di^m cdc thdnh vidn trong nhdm trinh bdy DA, thang diifm 0-10
Phieu danh
\ Mure dd
\ tham gia
Cdc hoat\
dpng \ tham \ gia \ Di vd dia bdn nghidn cihj
- Qua Irinh quan sat
Thuc hidn phdng van ' Lay mau didu Ira
- Phdn tich md hinh san xudt 19!
hidn trudng
gia hoat d6 i g nghien cuu thuc te
Tu ddnh gid cua cd nhdn
rham gia ddy
du (+1)
Khdng ddy
du
(•1)
rich
Cl/C
didu tra (+2)
0 6 ghi ehdp (+2)
06 Ihu duoc kdt qua (+4)
Ddnh gid cua nh6m
vd phdn Iu ddnh qid
Ddng Khdng ddngy
Danh gid cua
GV
3 Trong khudn khd mdt bai bao, chung tdi chi
dua ra mdt sd mau thilt ke, cdn qua trinh van dyng
GV ed the thid't ke thdm cac philu danh gia vdi cae tieu chi khae nhau (tuy vao dac diem cua hing DA) Tuy nhidn, khi k i t hop cac phid'udanh gia
de thanh bd edng ey danh gia eho mdi DA can dam bao phan anh d l y du cac yeu eau cua DA
Trang 3Phl§'u danh gia bai thu hoach
^^~'*'— ^^^^ Mijrc didm
ridu Chl ^^^- ^^ _^
• DA cd tinh Ihuc li§n, tdn dd tdi phu
hqrp vdi ndi dunq nghidn cUu
- Hlnh thi^ trinh bdy d@p, ddm bao
tlnh ktioa hoc
- Bd cue n6i dung chat che, logic ddm
bdo tinh cdn ddi hdi h6a qiOa cdc phdn
• Co sd li thuydt ddng tin cdy
• Cd cde tdi lidu Ihuc Id Ihu Ihdp dugc
ILT cdc nqudn khde nhau
- Od xudt cdc qidi phdp cd linh khd Ihi
- 06 minh ehijmg vd hoal ddng nghign
curu Ihuc Id cua nh6m
Rdl tdt 9-10
Tdt 7-8 Dat 5-6
Chua dat
<5
Gdp
y
ra trien vpng ap dung rdng rai phuong phap nay vao qua trinh day hpc, gdp phan thuc hien ddi mdi
phuong phap day hpc Q
nhdm danh gid dly du vd khach quan kit qua hpc
tap d ngudi hpc
Khdng phai td't ca cac DA dlu su dyng chung
mdt sd mdu philu danh gid, ma mdi DA cin dupe
lap mdt bd edng cu de danh gia rieng Vi vdy, viec
thiet k i b d cdng cy ddnh gia ddi hdi GV mat rat nhilu
thdi gian vd phai cd nhQng kiln thde, kT ndng nhd't
djnh Cae bp cdng cy danh gid eung phai phii hpp,
sat vdi ydu elu v l san phd'm minh chdng sy hieu
ciia ngudi hpc thdng qua DA, dilu nay ddi hdi GV
phai vQa danh gia dupe DA eua nhdm, vQa danh
gia dupc tdng HS Vide xdy dung bd edng ey danh
gia khoa hpc la mdt trong nhung yd'u td quyet djnh
sy thanh edng cua DHDA, hieu qua ciia nd se md
(1) NguySn Vdn Cuong "Djiy hpc project hay d?y
hoc theo du an" Thdng bdo khoa hpc, s6' 3/1997
(2) NguySn Vdn Cudng - NguySn Thi DiSu Thao "D?y hpc theo dur an - MOt phuomg phap c6 chtic ndng kdp
trong dio tao gido vien" Tpp chi Gido diic, sO' 80/
2004, tr 15-17
Tai lieu tham khao
1 NguySn Vdn Cuong Li lu^n day IIQC lii^n d^i Tdi lieu hoc tap, Postdam - Hd NOi, 2009
2 NguySn Thj Huong V<3n di^ng phuong phdp d(iy
hpc theo du dn d^ day hpc chuySn di gidp diic mdi trudng cho sinh viin ngdnh gido ditc tiiu hpc Lujn
vdn th^c sT Khoa hpc gido di,ic, Trudng D^i hpc su pham Hd NOi, 2008
SUMMARY
Project-based learning (PBL) is one of methods teaching which was applied by many teachers dur-ing the educational renovation One of the decisive factors for success and prospect of widely applying PBL is design of the assessable tool of outcomes of learners The design of evaluative tools requires teach-ers who take a lot of time and have the knowledge, certain skills The article mentions the basis to de-sign tools as well as dede-sign some sample evaluative tools to assess outcomes of learners in the learning
by PBL
Phan tich dir lieu - birvc quan trong
(Ti^ theo tmng 29)
vi dy nay, NNC ed the khang djnh: Chdnh Ideh diem
tmng binh do tac ddng mang lai cd tinh thyc tiln (cd
y nghTa) rat Idn
Thue hign xong mdt d l tai khoa hpe phai qua
nhilu bude, mpt trong cac budc quan trpng ma NNC
phai tien hanh de gdp phln tranh tinh trang: - Kit
qua 6e tai cdn nhilu ta; bign; khdng cd kha ndng Qng
dung; - O l tdl khdng neu rd dupc tac ddng vao ddu,
tac ddng nhu ttie nao va vide chQng minh khdng
mang tinh KH ttudc ngudi ed tham quyln quyet djnh
hay nhQng ngudi quan tdm; - Oe tai ehua du sQc
ttiuyet phyc nhdm gdp phln khde phyc dupe han che
ma myc tidu nghien cQu da dat ra •
1) P = t-tesl(array 1 array 2, tail, type)
2) Tinh gia tri Khi binh phuong b^ng cOng CM tinh
34 Tap chi Gido due so 302
Khi binh phuong theo dia chi: http://people.ku.edu/ -preacher/chisq/chisq.htm
3) r = correl{array 1, array 2) 4) SMD = (Gia tri TB nhOm TN - Gid tri TB nhdm DC)/
DO l$ch chuSn nhOm DC Tai lieu tliam khao
1 DIT an ViSt Bi NghlSn cihi khoa hpc supham ihig
dung NXB Dai hpc suphpm, H 3/2010
2 Vu Cao Dam Phuvng phap lu^n nghiSn cihi khoa
hpc NXB Khoa hpc vd Kl thu^t, H 2005
SUMMARY
In order to correct nature of action In the scien-tific researches: improve the application of the re-search results, the article Introduces the steps for analyzing the data obtained in the scientific research
of application-pedagogy - a type of research that has become popular in the education sector In countries
in the region
(ki2-1/2013)