54 ^ 304 2013 DUt^t^f^ A> Luan ban ve uU va nhifofc diem cua mot so'''' phUGfng phap day va hoc Tieng Anh hien nay ThS TA TH! THANH H 6 A NGUYEN THJ UYEN Trudng Trung cap Cdnh sat Nhdn ddn 1 Tom tat Tron[.]
Trang 154 _ ^ 304-2013 DUt^t^f^
.A>
Luan ban ve uU va nhifofc diem
cua mot so' phUGfng phap day va hoc
Tieng Anh hien nay
ThS.TA TH! THANH H 6 A - NGUYEN THJ UYEN
Trudng Trung cap Cdnh sat Nhdn ddn 1
Tom tat
Trong dgy vd hpe Tieng Anh, lU vgng Id mpt trong ba
Ihdnh id tgo thdnh hg thdng kien thQc ngon ngQ va ddng vai
giao tiep, Trong bat ky mdt ngon ngQ ndo, vai trd eiJa tQ vgng
tdp hpp cua cdc Id vgng Khdng the hieu ngdn ngQ md khdng
hilu biet tu vgng, hoac qua cdc dOn vj IQ vgng, Nhung dieu
dd khong ddng nghTa vdi vi^c chl hieu cdc ddn vj iQ vgng rieng
Id, dpe Igp vdi nhau md ehl ed the nam vQng dupe ngdn ngQ
Nhu vay vi$c hge IQ vgng vd ren luypn kT nang sQ dyng IQ
vgng la y l u id hang dau trong vigc truyen thg vd tilp thu mgt
don vi ngon ngQ nen nd dUpe the hign dudi hai hinh thUe: Ldi
noi vd chQ viel, Mudn sCf dgng dugc ngon ngQ dd, IQe Id phdi
ndm vCrng hinh IhQe bieu dgt eua IQ blng ldi noi vd chO viel
Song do eo mdi lien quan cua IQ vyng vdi cdc yeu td khac
trong ngon ngQ (ngQ phdp, ngQ am, ngd digu.,.) hodc trong
ndn mpt bUe tudng ngdn ngQ thi tQ vgng Id "nhQng vien ggch"
cdn ngQ phdp vd cdc cau true cau la "nhQng mgch vQa" d l gdn
cd mpl vdn IQ vgng can thiet thi ngudi hpe khdng the sis dgng
ede cau true cdu va eac chQe nang ngdn ngQ Irong giao Hep,
Tuy nhien, cdc quan diem dgy vd hgc tQ vgng trong Tiing
Anh khong ngQng bien doi dan den cac phUPng phdp dgy vd
hpe tUvyngcQng dacd nhieu ddi thay, Ljch sQ dgy vd hpe IQ
vgng Tieng Anh da trdi qua nhieu phUPng phap khde nhau
nhu phUPng phap NgQ phdp-Djeh, phQOng phdp Nghe-Nhin,
phuong phap Nghe - Noi, phUOng phdp Giao Hep, v.v
1 Quan diem thU nhat theo trUdng phdi NgtJT phdp
-Djch
Cd ten gpi "Grammar - Translation Method' hay con ggi Id
phuong phdp Truyen thdng dupe dp dgng mgnh me d Vigt
Phgpng phdp ndy coi mgc dich ehu yeu eua dgy vd hpe Tieng
Anh Id eung cap eho ngudi hpe h^ thdng iQ vyng ngQ phdp
Tiing Anh de phdt triln k^ ndng dgc hieu, hpe thudc Idng tU vyng, dich vdn bdn, dgc cde tde phim vdn hgc, vilt lugn
{composition) vd phan tich ngdn ngQ (hgc d l nim chSc quy
tic ngon ngQ) chQ khdng tdp trung vao ky nang giao tiep D l dgc hieu cac vdn ban bang Tieng Anh, ngudi hgc dupc trang
bj mgt lupng tQ vyng vd hd thdng ngO phdp van bdn tUdng ddi Idn dudi dgng bdng lidt ke kem theo nghTa bang tiing mg de cua ngudi hgc PhUOng phdp nay yeu cau hgc sinh hgc bat ki
tQ mdi ndo miln lam sao hilu vd djch dupe ngi dung bdl dgc Gido vien khuyen khich ngudi hpe sQ dgng tQdiln khi dgc vdi mye dich nhd tQ, Tren ldp, giao vien ddng vai tro tmng tdm
Vide dgy lU vgng ehl ldp trung vao nghTa ciia lis Quy Irlnh thye hipn: Cde bai khda {texts) duge bien sogn vd chia ra
thdnh IQng dogn ngan Vide giang giai quy lac ngon ngQ Id cd bdn De kiem tra sg thdng hilu ve ndi dung bdi khda (ndi dung van hda, dat nudc hpe noi ehung) va cao quy lie ngdn ngQ, ngudi hpe b i t bude phdi dich eac bdi khoa sang tiing
mg d l , Ngudi hgc khong dupe phep mde loi ngon ngQ, neu co phai sQa ngay
Phuong phdp NgQ phap - Dich da du^c sis dyng phd bien
6 nude ta trong mpt thdi gian khd ddi vd nd dd cd nhQng i/u diem khong the phu nhgn D6 la:
• Ngudi hpe dupe ren luygn rat kyve ngQ phdp vd tilp thu lupng tu vgng khd Idn,
- Ngudi hgc n l m dupe tuong ddi nhilu cdc cau trde cdu cd ban, thugc Idng cdc dogn vdn hay hodc bdi khda mSu
- Ngudi hgc co the dpe hieu nhanh cac van bdn
Tuy nhien, vdi xu hudng phdt triln cua dat nudc vd Ihdi dgi, mgc dfeh cQa ngudi hgc Tiing Anh cung cd thay doi ddi ndi rieng eung khong t h i mdi nhu cu
NgUcfi ta d i n dan nhgn ra nhiJTng hgn c h l cCia phUOng phap NgQ phdp-Djeh Id;
- Khdng glQp ngudi hgc "giao tilp" dupe Hogl ddng eh£i yeu trong Idp Id ngudi thay; nghTa la ngudi thay gidng gidi, mii nhilu, hgc sinh thg ddng ngdi nghe vd ghi chep, khdng cd ? kien phdn hdi hodc khong tham gia giao tiep (ndi) vdi thdy vd bgn bd
Trang 2DatfyaHpC s6* 55
hodn todn b| iJOng, khdng c6 co hdi thgc hdnh giao tilp trong
Idp; khd nang sdng tgo vd d$c bidt 1^ ndng ndi cCia ngudi hgc
b| hgn c h l nhilu
2 PhUdng phdp Nghe - Ndi {Audiolingual Method or
AudioOral Method) nhan mgnh vdo vl#c dgy k? nang ndi va
k? ndng nghe XnSdc ky ndng dpc vd ky ndng viel Khac vdi
phuong phdp NgQ phdp - Djch, phuong phdp nay ddp Qng
triln cd bdn ky' ndng, nhung uu tien phdt triln ndi, nghe trudc
dgc va vilt Vi^c cung d p kiln thUe ng6n ngQ (ngQ dm, tQ
vyng, ngO phdp) dugc thgc hign xen ldng trong qud trinh dgy
hge, PhUdng phdp Nghe-Ndi khdng eho phdp viec dung tiing
mg d l trong Idp; khuyin khich ldi da dQng Tieng Anh trong
phdt triln hai k^ ndng ndi vd nghe la ehQ yeu Vige day hgc
thdng qua thgc hdnh edu true edu (structures) vd qua eac bdl
tdp Qng dgng, ngudi hpe tg phat hign va tim hilu nhQng diem
ngdn vd dua ra ede qui tac ngdn ngQ Yeu edu ngudi hge bat
trude mau do ngudi dgy cung cap, vi dy: cde bdi/mau ddi
thogi mau {dialogues) cd chQa cau trUe cdu ho§c hign tugng
ng6n ngQ can truyln dgt NgUdi hgc luydn tdp m l u dd thgc
chdl Id hinh thanh mdt thdi quen ngOn ngQ theo cde hinh thUc
nhu hdi vd trd ldi ve bdi ddi thogi mdu, thgc hanh them mpt
sd bdi tdp edu trCie (thay I h l , bd sung, chuyen doi,-) Doi khi
ngudl hpo tdp trung vdo phat trien ky ndng ngha vd ndi thdng
qua ede bdl hdi thogi cd sQ dyng tU vd cau tnJc ngQ phap trong
giao tilp hdng ngdy, Gido vien dQng ede do vdi lh§t, hinh ve,
tQ mdi, Phuong phdp ndy cQng nhan mgnh tdi phdl dm chfnh
ngQ Vi$c dgy IQ vgng trgc tiep khdng qua tiing mg de vd chl
chu trpng vdo cdc tinh hudng giao tilp eg I h l Id cO sd giup
ngudi hgc md rdng nhanh von IQ
Ndi t6m Igi, phUOng phap Nghe - Ndi cd nhQng Uu dilm
Id Cd hidu qud d l i vdi nhQng ngudi mdi hge, ddc bigt la hgc
sinh lilu hge hodc hge sinh d dau cap THCS, Ngudi hge cam
thdy phdn khdi vd tg tin khi dupe nghe vd tgp bal chude theo
gido vidn, vt dy: Ngudi hpe lam theo Ignh eua giao vien hoac
hdt cdc bdi hdt Tiing Anh ddn gian
Tuy nhidn phUOng phdp ndy Igi cd nhQng hgn ehe nhu
sau:
- Ddi vdi ngudi hpe cd trinh dp ngogi ngQ eao thi rd'l de
nhdm ehdn vdi phUdng phdp ndy neu khdng eo sy dilu chfnh
phuong Hide dgy hge ein thiel
- NgUdi hgc dp dgng nhQng gl da duge ITnh hdi Irong Idp
hpe vdo thgc tiln giao tilp ngdn ngQ la kho, Ngudi hge khdng
thi v$n dgng cdc hinh thUc ngdn ngQ (cdc mau Idl ndi) dupc
ndng nghe hilu, nhd vd b i t ehude (ndi theo) ngay tgi chd
trong ldp hgc, song cdc em eOng rIt chdng qudn vd cdm thdy
bi l i e " khi gdp tinh hulng tuong tg trong giao Hep thgc Dilu
ndy ndi ISn ring m$c dQ ngudi hpo cd I h l nhic Igi tQ mpt each
hodn hdo xong hg khdng hllu rd nghTa eCta tU vd khdng eo
khd ndng sis dgng tQ Irong nhQng ngQ ednh khde vdi dieu dd
dupc hgc; tUe Id thgc t l khdng d i l n dgt dupc nhQng gl dinh
ndi mde dii sau mdt thdi gian ddi hpe tdp,
Phuong phap giao tilp {Communicative Approach) dUQc
xem nhu phuong phap dgy hpe ngogi ngQ pho bien nhat va khoa phi thdng Tieng Anh tren I h l gkii vd 6 Vi#t Nam hidn nay deu duge bien sogn dya theo quan diem cua phuong phdp nay Qua do, coi mgc tieu cudi eung cua dgy hpe ngogi
ngQ la phat triln ky nang giao tiep/lq' nang ngdn ngQ
{linguis-tk: skills), nang iyc giao tiep {communicalive competence) De
giao tiep dupc, phuong phdp nay ddi hoi phdi Hnh din phuong didn xa hpi, van hda eua ngdn ngQ, cae _dieu kien xa hdi eua qud Irlnh sdn sinh ngdn ngQ, vd tinh din ngdn ngQ duge dung trong cudc sdng hdng ngay, Ngodi ra, phUdng phdp Giao lilp edn ehu y tdi phuong dien nghla cua ngdn ngQ, hay ndi mdt
cdch khde can luu y ldi y djnh giao liep {intention of
communi-cation] Khdi niem ndy v l sau ode nha ngdn ngO gpi id chUe
ndng ngdn ngQ {language iunctiorif Nhuvay, theo PhUdng
phap Giao tilp ngdn ngQ khdng chi Id phuang tign dien dgt tU duy ma cdn Id phubng Hgn giao liep Mye dieh cudi cung cQa ngudi hpe IQ vyng khdng chf biet dupe each dpc, edeh viel vd nghTa cQa tU md can phai dgt dupe nang Ige (khd ndng) giao Hep; tdc Id phdt trien dupe lat ea 4 ky nang ngdn ngQ (nghe, vdy, cac tdi lieu dgy hge hidn deu hudng den giup ngudi hgc Hdn nQa, de giao tiep higu qua, ngUdl hge can phdi sQ dyng
cae IQ vgng ihfch hpp vdi linh hudng giao liep {situations)
trong dd yeu cau ngudi Iham gia giao Hep phdi t h i hidn dupc
y dinh giao liep (intention) thong qua vige thgc hi^n cdc nhigm
vg khde nhau (tasks)
Vdi quan diem lay ndng lyc giao tiep cua ngudi hgc Idm trung tam thi tU vyng dupe eoi Id mpt trong ba thdnh t6 lam ede ky nang ngdn ngQ Ndi cdch khde Id IQ vyng dupc dgy tdp cdc ky nang giao Hep vd theo nhu eau giao tilp nghe, ndi, dgc, Vilt nghTa la qud Irlnh giao tiep can nhij'ng tU gl vd sd lupng Id bao nhieu thi dgy eho ngudi hpe tUng dd,
d day, chQng la can hieu rd mpl sd khai nigm v l IQ vgng
trong vipe dgy va hge Tieng Anh noi chung
Thd nhat, mdl myc IQ Ihudng cd hai mdt, nghla cua tU va
each sQ dy ng NghTa eua tU vd each ehung dupc dung nhu the ndo la hai van de khde nhau.Cd nhieu trudng hpp khi tra IQ dien Chung la cd the hieu dupe nghTa cilia tU, song khong phai
nhuvay Id da biel cdch sis dyng IQ dd, Cach sQ dgng eua mgt
tis phy thupc vdo ehUc nang cua tu trong edu, ngQ ednh, thdi
quen eua ngUdi sQ dyng vd ode mdi quan hg eua hp vdi mdi Irudng vdn hda vd xa hdi Sau day la nhQng thu thudt ldm rd nghTa IQ;
a/ Dung tryc quan nhU: do vgl thai tren Idp, tranh Inh,
hinh ve phdc hog (hinh que), hinh cat dan tU tgp chi, cis chl
didu bd v.v
b/ Dung ngdn ngO da
hgc Djnh nghTa, mieu t l ;
- Dung IQ ddng nghTa, Irdi nghla;
- Oga vdo cde quy tic hinh thdnh tU, tgo tU;
- Tgo tinh hudng;
- Dodn nghTa eua IQ trong ngQ ednh c) Djch sang tiing mg dd
Trang 356, s o 4-2013 oay^M'
mdi Song khdng p^^li IQ mdi ndo cung c i n dua vao dgy nhu
ddi vdi gido vien Vi$c iga chgn tQ trudc h i t phy thugc vdo tan
ndng iQ dd thay the cde IQ khde hay phy thudc vao nhu eau va
mgc tieu cija ngudi hgc Ngudi giao vien phdi biel lya chgn,
xde djnh IQ tfch eye, chu ddng trong qud trinh d l giang dgy va
cd gang phdt huy hit kha nang ty hpe hdi cua hge sinh ddi vdi
nhQng logi IQ khong tich eye Ben canh dd gido vien edn phai
bill sip xep cac IQ vyng se dgy trong bai theo mdt trinh tg
hdp ly, hoac igo eac ldi ddn gpi md theo chu dilm bdi hgc,
Khi iga ehpn tQ de day, gido vien can xem xet cae cau
hdi sau:
a) TU ehu ddng hay IQ bi ddng?
- TQ chu dpng {active/productive vocabulary) Id nhQng tU
ngudl hge hieu, nhdn bie't vd sis dyng duge trong giao tiep
ndi vd Viet,
- TQ bj ddng {passive/ receptive vocabulary) la nhOng tQ
ngQdi hpe ehi hieu vd nhgn b i l l dUpc khi nghe vd dpc,
Cdch day hai loai tQ nay cd khac nhau, TQ ehu ddng lien
quan d i n ea 4 ky ndng nghe, ndi, dpc, viet, can dau tU thdi
gian de gidi thieu vd luygn tap nhieu hon, dac biel la eaeh sis
nhan biet, khong can dau tu thdi gian vao cde hogt dgng
mdt tu bi ddng vd IQ ndo nhu mdt IQ ehQ ddng Vdi IQ bi
ddng, giao vien cd the khuyen khfch ngudi hgc ty Hm hieu
nghTa IQ (vf dy: tra lU dien), hodc doan IQ qua ngQ ednh
b) Ngudi hpe da b i l l IQ ndy chua?
Giao vien can xac djnh rd iQ minh dinh day cd thyc sg Id
IQcandgy hay khdng, Vdn tu cua ngudi hpe ludn ludndi';)c
md rpng blng nhieu eon dudng, vd cung cd the bi quen
nhQng iQ khdng can thiet vd mat thdi gian, gido vien cd t h i
dung nhQng thu thudt nhim phat hien xem cdc em da b i l l
ede thu thudt nhu eliciting; brainstorming; hoac ed the hdi
tnjc Hep hpe sinh nhQng IQ nao la IQ mdi va khd trong bai
Vipe dgy vd hgc tQ vyng theo phudng phdp giao Hep
dupc luan theo nhQng nguyen tde sau;
- Dgy vd hpe tQ thdng qua luyen tap ode kTnang giao Hep
Viee hpe IQ thdng qua qua cdc kT ndng giao Hep giup
ngudi hpe hieu nghTa IQdl dang hdn vi eac kTnang giao liep
ludn mang ngQ canh giao liep cy the va sinh ddng Mat
khde viee hpe tU thdng qua eac kT nang giao liep kich thieh
nhu cdu sQ dyng IQ mdi nhu mgt cdng cy phal trien cae kT
nang,
Ngoai ra, giao vien can tgo dieu kien cho ngudi hgc phat
trien vdn tUvgng nglu nhien {incidental learning) thdng qua
dgc rdng {extensive reading) va nghe rdng {extensive
listen-ing) Dieu ndy giup ngudi hpe IQ mdi vi ode iQ ndy dupc dgt
trong ngQ ednh eg the
- Dgy va hgc IQ cd tan sudt sis dyng cao
Tieng Anh cQng gidng bat ki ngdn ngQ ndo deu cd mpl
sd IQ dupc sis dyng trong nhieu ngQ canh khde nhau
{high-Irequency word), mdl sd tQ khde ed mQe dd sQ dyng hgn ehe
hdn (low-trequency word) Vigc chpn cac IQ cd tan suat sQ
dgng cao d l dgy se giup vige hpe IQ dgt hldu q u i cao hon vi
nhieu tinh hu6ng giao t i l p khdo nhau
- Dgy vd hgc tQ mdt each tdng t h i
Chung ta deu bilt hge tQ md ch? chu </ d i n nghTa se
khdng ddt dugo myc dfch giao t i l p cao Do dd khi dgy vd thai ChQ viet (spelling), each phat dm (pronunciation), hinh thai ngQ nghTa (lexical meaning), hinh thdi ngQ phdp (gram-matical form) va each sQ dgng (use)
- Dgy vd hgc tQ thdng qua nhilu thii thu^t khdo nhau Nhu da ndi 6 tren, giao vien can sQ dgng eac thiJ Ihugl khac nhau d l gidi thigu IQ mdl hodc ket hpp nhieu thf) thudt
de gidi thigu mot tQ mdl Vigc ldm ndy giup dgy tQ vyng ed can luu y Id djch iQ mdi sang tieng mg d l la mdt th& thugl
dgy tQ cd k i t qua, song gido vien nen hgn ehe sCi dgng ^ii
thuat nay vl vige phy thugc qua nhieu vao djch se lam gilm khd nang giao liep cilia ngudi hgc,
- Dgy vd hgc tQ thdng qua luygn tap thgc hdnh Gido vien can td ehUc ede hogt dgng thyc hdnh vd dn luyen ciling ed IQ thdng qua nghe, ndi, dpe vd vilt de tdng
dd trdi chay khi sis dyng IQ Cde hoat dpng ndy se giOp
ngudi hgc tap trung vdo viee nhgn bilt va sQ dyng tQ da hge thanh thgo trong IQng ngQ canh
- Chu Irgng den vai trd eua ngUdi hpe trong vige dgy vd hgcIQvgng
Gido vien can khuyen khfch ngudi hgc tham gia tich cgc vdo viec hgc iQ thdng qua mdt qud trinh lau ddi va Hen tgc Mgc du giao vien ed t h i eung cap eho ngudi hge cde thing tin ve iQ vgng va hd trp ngudi hpe trong qua trinh hpe tQ,
- Day va hpe IQ thdng qua sQ dgng tQ dien Gido vien can hudng ddn va khuyen khieh ngUdi hgc sQ dyng iQ dien vl IQ dien la phuong lidn tra cQu d i e igc cho
vige hpe tQ Viec hUdng dan sis dyng tQ dien se giQp ngUdl
hpe nang cao kha ndng ty hpe ddng thdi gdp phan Idm cho viee day tQ dgt higu qud cao
Ndi tdm Igi, phuong phap Giao Hep ed Uu dilm hdn hin cdc phuong phdp khac Id nd bao trUm mgi phuong didn cilia qud trinh dgy hgc ngogi ngQ; dd la cac yeu td ngdn ngQ, vdn hda, xa hgi, cae yeu Id ngodi ngdn ngQ., nham ren luy§n kJ ndng giao tiep hodn chfnh, Dac bi§l Phupng phdp Giao tilp coi hinh thdnh va phal trien bdn ky ndng giao tilp nhUnghe, ndi, dpc va viet la myc dieh cudi cung eCia qud trinh dgy hgc, Cdc kiln IhQe ngdn ngQ nhu ngQ dm, IQ vgng vd ngQ phdp Id phuong Hgn, d i l u ki^n hinh Ihdnh vd phdt trien eac k? ndng giao Hep Vi vdy, phuong phap Giao t i l p thgc sg giilp cho ngudi hge ed kha nang sQ dyng dupc Tieng Anh d l giao Hep
Tuy nhien v i n ed mdt sd hgn c h l do Id: Phuong phdp Giao Hep nhan mgnh vdo vigc hinh thdnh vd phdt triln 4 k? nang ngdn ngQ: nghe, ndi, dgc, viel trong qud trinh dgy hgc, khdng duge quan tdm mpt each thich dang K i t qud Id mdt s6 ngudi hpe e l m thay khd ed the "giao tilp" vl hp Idm sao
ed the nghe, ndi, dgc, v i l t dupe mdt khi khdng n l m chic h$ thdng qui t i c ngdn ngQ Mgt khde, theo quan diem cOa cdc hdnh ddng ldi ndi hay Id ede chQc ndng ngdn ngQ hgc
dugc) vd hidn thgc Id qud phQe tgp, khdng ro rdng Ndi edeh
Trang 4DDIff^f^,^ 4-2013
ndng phd hgp vdi nhu c l u giao t i l p thgc t l da dgng vd rdt
phQc tgp
Trong qud trinh dgy hgc, gido vidn glQ vai trd Id ngudl
hudng dSn, t l chQc thgc h i | n , ngudi hge ddng vai trd ehCi
tfnh tfch cgc cfia hgc vidn trong luy^n tgp thyc hdnh Mudn
thgc hi^n dugc, cd nhdn ngudi hgc p h l i tich ego vd tg gide
tham gia thyc hdnh, khdng sg mac loi, va c i n luu y ring
dd luu lodt/trdi c h l y (fluency) Irong giai dogn ndy Id rat
quan trgng Dilu kien Idl thieu de ngudi hpe thyc hanh ky
nSng ngdn ngQ Id mdl Idp hpe khdng qua ddng (khodng 35
tinh hudng Vide kiem tra ddnh gia k i t qud hpe lap nen
nhdn mgnh vdo 4 k^ nang, vd mdt phan nhd kiln thQc
ngdn ngQ Kiem tra k^ nang ngdn ngQ ludn ludn dupe Uu
tidn trong bdt ky hinh thQc ndo
6 nude la hidn nay, vide dgy vd hgc Tieng Anh trong nha
trudng diln ra trong mdi trudng giao tiep cua thay vd trd edn
ed r l l nhilu hgn c h l : Dgy hgc trong mdt tap the idn (Ihudng
Id ddn vj ldp hgc cd kholng 40 hpe sinh hogc hpn), irlnh dp
nh$n thQc cd nhilu cap dd khde nhau, phuPng tien hd trp
tdp Chung cCia hge sinh, tdc ddng rat Idn den vi^c ren luyen
cCia hgc sinh vd sg phan bd thdi gian eho tQng phan npi
dung bdi sao cho phu hgp vdi IQng logi bdi giang (thgc hdnh,
kfndng) cting Id mdt tdc ddng tdi vide Iga ehgn, nghien cQu
vd dp dgng kT nang dgy IQ vgng sao eho thich hpp
K^T LUAN
M5i phuong phdp ra ddi sau deu dupe eoi nhu mpt cd
gIng k l thQa nhQng thdnh tyu vd khlc phye nhugc dilm
dgy Tiing Anh Iruyin thdng (phuong phdp ngQ phap - djch)
chii trgng nhilu vdo vide hgc vd ren luygn thdnh thgo cdc
ngogi ngQ theo phUdng phdp thye hdnh giao tilp viee hinh
thdnh 6 ngudl hgc ndng lyc sQ dyng ngdn ngQ thdnh thgo Igi
Id trpng tdm cua qud Irlnh dgy hgc Khac vdi phuong phdp
luydn tdp thudn thyc cdc mau eau IrQo cd s i n , cdch gilng
khi ndng tuong tdc eua ngudi hpe trong bdi ednh giao tilp,
trong dd mdl hdnh vi ngdn ngQ eCia ngudi hgc se Ihay ddi IQy
Ihudc vdo nhQng phdn *Qng va cdu trd Idi trudc dd cCia nhQng
ngudl cQng tham gia
Theo phuong phdp gido dye truyln thdng, hpe ngogi
ngQ thudng duge eoi nhu mdt qud trinh truyen thu kiln thQc
IQ thiy sang trd Ihl vdi vide sQ dgng phuong phdp thyc hdnh
giao tilp, vlOc dgy vd hge ngogi ngQ gid day duge nhin nh^n
nhu mdl qud trinh khdm phd, trong dd ngudi hge dan sQ
thi Ddy Id md hinh dgy hge Id'y ngQdi hpe ldm trung tdm,
hge Song song vdi vide nhdn mgnh vdo mgc lieu phdt triln
ndng ige giao tidp d ngUdi hpe, vide iQa chpn eac hogt ddng
hpe tdp sao cho cd fch, phu hpp vdi nhu cau cilia ngudl hpe
vd phli dugc ddt vdo trong nhQng bdl canh thdt md ngudi
hoc ed nhilu k h i ndng s3 gdp phal trong euOc sdng hdng
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UfNG DUNG PHl/dNG PHAP
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hi^n c l u true Thdnh nhd Hd, myc dfeh giup sinh vien thyc te
Giao vien vd sinh vien ed I h l sQ dyng phuong phdp
md phdng d l gilng dgy vd hpe tgp ddc lap, chu y l u phgc vy cho viee ty hpe, tg nghien cQu tdi lieu hpe tap ndy Ihudng dupe cung cap qua cdc trang web hay qua dTa'CD
Giang vien cd the sQ dyng md phdng k i t hpp vdi cde phan m i m trinh ehilu khae nhu power point hay gidng dgy tren web
Tdm lai, apdyng phUdng phap md phdng trong gidng
dgy va hpe tap thgc hanh mang Igi nhieu hieu qua eao ngudi hpe Tuy nhien viee md phdng tren may linh dign hge nhal djnh, ky nang silf dyng may linh va cdc Ihiel bi dign tQ khdng phai la van nang irong dgy hpe, bdi le sinh quan sal dupc cae hien tupng vd qua trinh thgo ve tdm ly eua sg vat Do dd can phSi kel hpp cae phuong phdp md phdng vdi eac phuong tign va eao phuong phdp khde
TAI Ll|U THAM KHAO
1 Christopher Tan, Tran Kieu, Tran Ba Hoanh Nghlin cdu
khoa hgc SUphgm dng dgng,t<iXbD^\UQcSuph^m.H 2010
2 Trdn Van Mgnh Tong quan ve phuang phip md phing
vi dng dgng md phong trong dgy hgc ky Ihugt - ngh4 nghigp Thong tin khoa hpe dao tgo ngh4, tdng cue day nghi
3, M David Marrill Knowledge Object and li^ental Model
Utah State University