JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE Educational Sci , 2013, Vol 58, No 8, pp 152 160 This paper is available online al http //stdb hnue edu vn CAU TRUC BAI CAC QUOC GIA CO DAI PHUONG TAY HY LAP VA RO MA TRONG[.]
Trang 1Educational Sci., 2013, Vol 58, No 8, pp 152-160
This paper is available online al http://stdb.hnue.edu.vn
CAU TRUC BAI CAC QUOC GIA CO DAI PHUONG TAY HY LAP VA RO MA
TRONG SACH GIAO KHOA TRUNG HOC PHO THONG CUA PHAP VA VIET NAM - MOT CAI NHIN SO SANH
Nguy6n Van Ninh, Tran Thi Hue
Khua Lich su, Trudng Dai hpc Supham Hd Npi
Tom tat Tren cd sd khing dinh vai tro va vi trf quan trong cua sach giao khoa trong day va hoc lich sfl, chiing toi di sau so sanh ciu true bai vilt trong sach giao
khoa lich sfl cua Phap va Viet Nam dUdc bieu hien cu the qua bai: Cdc qudc gia cd dai phUOng Tdy Hy Lap vd Rd Ma Tfl viec so sanh do, chung toi cho ring ciu true
bai vilt trong sach giao khoa lich sfl trung hoc phd thdng cua Phap cd nhieu diem tiln bo, dac biet da the hien ro viec lilp can chuong trinh sach giao khoa theo nang luc ngudi hoc, phat huy tdi da raoi kha nang cua ngUdi hoc Do la cd sd de chung tdi dua ra mot s6 dl xuit trong qua trinh bien scan sach giao khoa lich sfl ciia Viet Nam trong thdi gian idi
TU khda: Sach giao khoa hch sfl chUdng trinh, cau true, cac qudc gia cd dai Hi
Lap va Ro Ma
1 Mb dau
Qua hdn 10 nam trien khai (2002-2013), sach giao khoa (SGK) lich sfl phd thdng cua Viet Nam da boc lp mpt sd bit cap, dac biet la ciu true bai viet trong sach giao khoa con cflng nhac, chfla phat huy dfldc su sang tao cua giao vien trong viec thilt ke bai giang
Vi vay, nghien cflu sach giao khoa lich sfl phd thong cua Phap-mot qudc gia cd nIn giao due den tiln tren thd gidi, de' phuc vu cho viec ddi mdi chfldng trinh (CT) va SGK lich sil cua Viet Nara hien nay la mpt viec lam cd y nghia khoa hoc va thflc tien sau sac
Ngaynhanbai 1/12/2012 Ngay nhan dang 17/8/2013
Lien he- Nguyen Van Nmh, e-mail; nguyenvanninh27@gmail,cora
Trang 22 Noi dung nghien ciiu
2.1 C a u t r u e bai Cdc quoc gia co dai phicang Tdy Hy Lap vd Ro Ma trong
sacli g i a o l i h o a t r u n g h o c plio tliong ( T H P T ) c u a P h a p va Viet N a m
Doi vdi SGK cua Phap, noi dung ki6n thiic ve cac qu6c gia cd dai Hy Lap va Ro
Ma duoc c4u true thanll hai chU di ChQ de I la Cong ddn vdi nen ddn dm Aten (the ki V
- IV TCN) va chil dd 2 la Cong ddn vdi de qudc Ro Ma (the ki I den tlie ki III) (2; tr 40-75 ) Hai chii di tren dUdc thiet ke cu the nhit sau:
Phdn md ddu ehu de la phan gi6i thieu khai quat Trong phdn niiy, cac tac giii trinh bily noi dung khai quat ciia toan chu di va dat ra mpt cau hoi dudi dang biii tap nhan thiic
Sau dd la 2 kenh hinh mang tinh dien hinh tieu bie'u cho toan chu de vii cuoi cting la mot
sd dd nien bieu dc cap tdi cac mdc thdi gian cd ban nhdt cho toiin chii de Doi vdi chii d6
Cong ddn vdi nin ddn chii Aten (the ki V - IV TCN), bai tap nhan thiic la "Nhan dan Aten
dH lam nhu th6 nao de duy tri nen dan chu ''" Hai kenh hinh la "Cong dan ciing nhau bao
ve thanh bang: dpi quan dupc trang bi vu trang" va "Lupc do phiin anh nen dan chu Aten
va lanh tho Hy Lap md rong (the ki V - IV TCN)" So dd nien bieu thdi gian the hien cac mdc thdi gian cd ban ciia Alcn tii the ki V den the ki IV TCN
Phdn npi dung bao gdm cac tiet hoc Cac tiet hoc it hay nhieu phu thudc vao npi dung cua iCing chu de khac nhau Chii de Cong ddn vdi nen ddn ciui Aten (the ki V -IV TCN) gdm 3 tiet hoc va Chii de Cdng ddn vd de quae Roma (the ki I den Ihc' ki III) bao
gdm 2 tiet hoc Mdi tiet hoc cd radt tua d6 va dupc bat dau bang rapt cau hdi dUdi dang mot bai tap nhan thiic cho toan tiet PhSn bin viel dupc chia thanh hai cot: radt cdt the hien nhiing npi dung CO ban nhSl ciia tpan bai va mdt cdt dua ra mdt cau thanh ngii, gidi thieu tie'u sii mdt nhan vat va phan giai thich ciic khai niem mdi vii khd TiSp sau p h k biii viet la phjn tu heu tham khao vii kenh hinh Sau radi tU lieu tham khao va kenh hinh deu
cd cac cau hdi diTdc dat ra de dinh hudng cho hoat dpng day va hoc ciia giao vicn vii hoc sinh
Plidn hd ta til lieu khdng cd bai viet rail chi cd tu heu tham khao va kenh hinh
de-bo sung cho ndi dung bai hoc Mdi tiet cd it nhat mdt hd sd tU lieu nhung cung cd nhflng tiet cd hai hoac ba hd sP tir lieu
Plum hdi tap va on tap he thdng lai toan bd nhflng npi dung cd ban ciia toan chu dc
dudi dang cac cau hoi, sd dd, bang bieu va each thflc tra ldi cac bai tap nhan thflc dau chu
de hay dau tiet hoc Ben canh dd, cac trang Website cd cac bai tap hch sfl lien quan den chii dl cung dfldc gidi thieu de giao vien va hpc sinh cd the tham khao
Ddi vdi sach giao khoa ciia Viet Nam, bat Cdc quoc gia cd dai phifdng Tdy Hy Ixip
vd Rd Ma thudc chfldng II: Xa hdi cd dai (1; tr 20-27) dfldc trinh biiy theo bd cue nhfl
sau Phan md dau, npi dung kien thflc vc cac qudc gia cd dai phfldng Tay Hy Lap va
Ro Ma dfldc gdi gpn trong mdt bai cd ten : Cdc qudc gid cd did phuang Tdy Hy Lap vd Rd
153
Trang 3Ma Phin gidi thieu dfldc in nghieng va td mau de' gay sfl chu y ddi vdi hpc sinh
- Phan npi dung dfldc thilt k l cac muc nhU sau:
1 Thien nhien va ddi sdng con ngfldi
2 Thi qudc Dia Trung Hai
3 Van hoa ed dai Hy Lap va Rd Ma Trong muc Van hda cd dai Hy Lap va Ro Ma bao gdra bdn npi dung: hch sfl va chfl viet, sfl ra ddi cua khoa hpc, van hoc, nghe thuat
- Phin cudi bai la mpt he thdng cau hoi, bai tap de' cung ed k i l n thflc cho hpc smh
va hd trd cac em trong qua trinh tfl hpc Dd la cd sd de giao GV xac dinh kiln thflc cd ban trong qua trinh chuan bi bai giang va qua trinh td chflc day hoc tren ldp
Vdi each trinh bay nhfl vay, hoc sinh cd the de dang trong viec theo ddi va tim hieu moi khia canh, linh vflc cua cac qudc gia cd dai phUdng Tay, tfl dieu kien tU nhien, dbi sdng kinh tl, chinh tri - xa bdi din nhflng net dac trflng vl van hda cua cfl dan khu vflc nay
Qua viec tira hie'u ciu true bai vill Cdc quoc gia co' dpi Hy Lap vd Ro ma trong
SGK cua Phap va Viet Nam, chung tdi nhan thay cd nhflng diem gidng va khac nhau nhfl sau:
Nhifng diem giong nhau:
Thu nhdt, npi dung kiln thflc ve cac qudc gia cd dai phfldng Tay Hy Lap va Rd ma
irong SGK cua Phap va Viet Nam diu dflpc trinh bay theo ciu true logic tfldng ddi gidng nhau, bao gdm phin md diu bai, phin npi dung va phin cau hoi cudi bai Cd the' noi trinh bay theo ciu true thfl tfl nhfl vay se dam bao sfl nhan thflc theo trinh tfl logic ctia hoc sinh: tfl gidi thieu ten bai, dinh hudng ndi dung cd ban cua loan bai va he thdng cau hoi, bai tap
Thd hai SGK cua hai nudc deu the' hien ro phin bai viet va phan cd che sfl pham
Phan bai viet dfldc trinh bay ngan gon, sue tich; phan cd chi su pham bao gdm tfl lieu, kenh hinh, cau hdi co lac dung lam ro ndi dung cd ban cua bai vilt
Nhfl vay vl cd ban, bai vilt trong SGK lich sfl cua Phap va Viet Nam cd ciu true gidng nhau, deu nham cung cap cho hoc smh nhflng tri thuc lich sfl cd ban va thu hut sfl chu y theo ddi cua cac em
Nhiing diem khdc nhau:
Mac du cd nhflng die'm tfldng ddng, nhflng su khac biet ve ciu true trong SGK ciia hai nudc !a rai ldn Dilu dd dUdc the hien cu the' d cac khia canh sau:
Thu nhdt neu nhfl npi dung kiln thflc vl cac qudc gia cd dai phfldng Tay Ily Lap va
Ro ma trong SGK cua Viet Nam dflpc the hien duy nhit trong bai Cde quae gia eo dai phuong Tdy - Hy Lap vd Rd Ma Ihi SGK cua Phap dfldc ciu tao thanh hai chu dl: Cong ddn vdi nen ddn chu Aten (the ki V - IV TCN) va Cdng ddn vd de quoc Rd Ma (Tit the kil din thi ki III)
Thu hai ca hai cudn SGK cua hai nfldc diu cd phin gidi thieu khai quat, nhflng
Trang 4trong SGK cua Phap, diu chu d l bao gid cung cd mot phin khai quat ndi dung, trong dd bao gom cau hoi nhan thflc, kenh hinh, dac biet la mpt sd dd nien bieu thdi gian (Xem Hinh 1) de cap tdi cac moc thdi gian cd ban nhit cho toan chfl de Trong khi dd, SGK cua Viel Nam chi cd mpt doan van ngan gidi ihieu khai quat npi dung loan bai
Hinh 1: So do nien bieu thdi gian Thdnh bang Aten the ki IV-IV TCN
Thu ba trong phin ndi dung cd ban ciia bai, SGK ciia Phap cd ihanh ngfl, tieu sfl
nhan vat lien quan va phan giai ihich cae tfl mdi, cac khai mem xual hien trong bai Nhflng yeu td nay chfla co trong SGK cua Viet Nam Trong phin cd che sfl pham Irong hai bo sach cd sfl khac biet ldn TrUdc hit, dd la phan kenh hinh Ca hai cudn SGK diu cung cip mpt he thdng kenh hinh nhai dinh nhflng cd sfl khac nhau rit ldn ve each ihflc cung cap va mflc dp bieu dat Neu nhfl trong SGK cua Viet Nam he thdng kenh hinh dfldc irinh bay xen ke vdi noi dung kien thflc thi trong SGK cua Phap, he thdng kenh hinh dfldc dfla ra mot each doc lap (d phin gidi Ihicu khai quat noi dung loan chfl de, sau khi irinh bay noi dung kiln thflc cd ban va Irong phan hd sd tfl lieu) Tit ca nhflng kenh hinh trong moi bai hpc deu xoay quanh noi dung chinh trong bin vicl
Sfl khac biet con the hien d chd, he thdng kenh hinh trong SGK cua Vicl Nam phin ldn ddng vai iro minh hpa cho npi dung kiln ihflc Trong khi dd sau mdi kenh hinh trong SGK cua Phap la mpt he thdng cau hoi hay bai tap nhan Ihflc Thdng qua he ihong cau hdi do, giao vien to chflc cho hoc sinh tfl tim toi kiln thflc de phuc vu cho npi dung chinh
cua bai hoc Vi du nhu khi hpc bai Cong ddn Id trung tdm ciia the ebe ddn chii cd hinh
anh NhCfng ecmg eu dethue thi nen ddn ehu (Xem IRnh 2) Sau phin kenh hinh nay cd hai
cau hoi: Dc' dUdc sfl dung cac cong cu nay, ngUdi cdng dan ph;ii cd nhflng dilu kicn gi? Nhflng cdng cu nay cho phep dfla ra mdt quyel dinh gi?
Mpt sfl khac biet nfla trong phan cd che sfl pham la tai lieu tham khao Ca hai cudn SGK lich sfl diu cd phin lai lieu tham khao Tuy nhien khi lim hie'u va nghien cflu phin tai lieu tham khao trong sach giao khoa lich sfl cfla Phap, chung tdi nhan thiy cd ba vin
dl dang Iflu y:
Trang 50,: Qtraniioiidn^slfiacittJii*' '.ipr,i'^/,^r-i., •
Hinh 2 Nhdng cong cu dethUc Hinh 3 Phdn bo ddn cuAten thi nen ddn chil co dai
- Tit ca cac tai lieu tham khao trong SGK Lich sfl diu la tai lieu gdc, cd trich dan
diy du ngudn gdc xuil xfl cua tai lieu nhfl: tae gia, nha xuat ban nam xuat ban, ten tai lieu, sd trang
- Gidng phin kenh hinh, sau cac lai lieu tham khao trong SGK la mdt he Ihdng cac cau hdi Cac cau hoi nay se dinh hfldng each thflc td chflc day hoc cua giao vien va qua Irinh tfl hoc, tfl nghien cflu cua hoc sinh
- Cac tac gia cua SGK khong binh luan, phan tich npi dung cua cae doan tfl lieu ma giao vien va hoc sinh se la ngudi trUc tilp dUa ra nhan xet, ket luan 15;591
Su khac biel tiep theo trong phin cd chi sU pham la cau hdi cudi bai Ve each sap xep vi tri cau hdi va each dat cau hdi cfla SGK lich sfl Viet Nam va Phap cd nhflng net khac biet
Trong SGK lich sfl cua Viet Nam, sau mdi muc cd cau hoi vl noi dung trong tam ciia muc, cudi bai cd them cac cau hoi tdng quat Con trong SGK lich sfl cua Phap cd cau hdi nhan thflc d dau chu de, diu tiet hoc, cac cau hdi sau moi kenh hinh, tai kieu tham khao va mot he thdng bai lap, cau hoi d cudi mdi chu de Ve each dat cau hdi, trong SGK cila Viet Nam hau nhfl yeu can hoc sinh trinh bay, danh gia,-phan tich con trong SGK cua Phap chu trong giai thich va nhan xet Vi du, khi ndi ve che do chinh tri d Hy Lap va
Rd Ma cd dai, SGK Viet Nam yeu ciu hoc sinh tra ldi cau hoi "The chi dan chu cd dai bie'u hien d chd nao?" thi SGK cua Phap dat cau hdi "Nhan dan Aten nhin nhan, danh gia
gi vl nIn dan chu cua ho''"
Qua nhflng vi du tren chung ta cd the thiy nhflng cau hdi trong SGK Hch sfl cua Viel Nam xoay sau vao trpng tam cfla bai va phan tich rut ra dfldc net ban chit cua sfl kien con ddi vdi nhflng cau hdi trong SGK Lich sfl cua Phap thi de cao sfl nhan xet, danh gia
Thfl tfl, trong SGK cua Phap cd phin hd sd tfl lieu con SGK cfla Viet Nam thi khdng Day la mpt die'm mdi trong SGK cfla Phap ke tfl nam 2008 Muc dich cua viec dfla
Trang 6them phin hd sd tfl lieu trong SGK (chu yeu la tfl lieu gdc v a he thdng kenh hinh) la nhim gay hflng thu hpc tap eho hpe sinh, phat trien nang lflc tfl hoc cho cac em
Thfl nam, trong khi phan cudi bai trong SGK cua Viet Nam chi cd mpt sd cau hdi khai quat thi SGK cua Phap bao gdm cac cau hdi, biii lap, tfl lieu tham khao (tfl lieu gdc), kenh hinh, cac trang Website cd cac bai tap lich sil lien quan de' hoc sinh cd the' tham khao
va tfl hpc
Nhfl vay cau true bai viet Cdc qudc gia cd den phildng Tdy - Hy Lap vd Rd Ma
ndi rieng, cau true bai viet trong SGK lich sfl THPT cua Phap va Viet Nam ndi chung cd nhflng die'm khac biet rat ldn Sd di cd sfl khac biet tren la bdi vi CT va SGK lich sfl THFl' cua Viet Nam tidp can thep ndi dung kien thflc cdn CT va SGK lich sfl THPT eua Phap lai tiSp can theo nang lflc ngudi hoe Vi vay, tfl each thiet ke chflong trinh ddn each thiet
ke npi dung va cSu true bai viet trong SGK ciia Phap d6u nham phat huy tdi da nang luc ciia ngfldi hpc trong viec tiep nhan kien thflc, phat trien thai dp va nang Iflc tfl duy
2.2 Mot so de xuat eho viec bien soan SGK lich sur eiia 'Viet Nam trong thbi gian tdi tren co so hoe tap kinh nghiem eua nude Cong hoa Phap
Mdi mdt CT va SGK ndi ehung, CT va SGK hch sfl ndi rieng cd tud'i thp trong mdt khoang thdi gian nhat dinh, nd dao ddng tfl 10 den 15 nam CT va SGK lich sfl hicn hanh ciia chung ta hien nay dflpc trien khai dai tra tfl nam hoc 2002- 2003, tinh ddn nay da 10 nam Trflde yen cau phat trie'n dat nfldc vii dflng trflde thflc trang giao duc-dao tao nfldc
ta hien nay, Dai hpi Dang toan qude lan thfl IX da quydt dinh phai "Ddi mdi can ban va toan dien sfl nghiep giao duc-dao tao", trong dd, ddi mdi CT va SGK la khau trung tam va quan trpng nhat cua qua trinh nay Qua viec nghidn cflu eau true SGK lich sfl cua Phap va Viet Nam, chflng tdi xin ed nhflng de xudt ddi vdi viec bien soan SGK d Viet Nam Irong thdi gian tdi nhfl sau
- ve viee bien soan CT, chiing tdi cho rang nen bien soan mpt CT ehuan qudc gia vdi nhidu bd SGK khac nhau Nghia la, dfla tren mdt khung kien thflc ehuan cua CT cac
bd SGK cd the' lua chon nhflng ndi dung cu the khac nhau, mien lii dap flng dflpc muc tieu
dc ra eua C T Cd the day la mdt van dc mdi d Viet Nara nhflng lai la phd biln d cae nfldc
cd nen giao due tien tidn tren the gidi (trong dd cd Phap) Cd the ndi, each bien soan CT
nhfl vay cung da the hien xu hfldng tiep can CT theo nang lflc - mdt xu hfldng radi ciia
njn giao due hien dai chfl khdng phai theo npi dung kidn thflc, tfl dd tao mdi trfldng thuan lpi cho ea giao vien va hoc sinh trong qua trinh day va hoc
- Ve cau true bai viet trong SGK, theo chung tdi nen thiet kd bai hoe dudi dang cae
chii de lieh sfl [5;62] Mdi mdt ehu dd se dfldc cku tao thanh nhflng ddn vi ki5n thflc nhd
dfldi hinh thflc cac bai hay eac ti6t hpc VI du nhu, ddi vdi ndi dung kien thflc ve eac qudc gia cd' dai phfldng Tay Hy Lap va Rd Ma, chung ta cd the xay dflng thanh mdt chu de ldn
Cdc quoc gia cddai phUdng Tay Hy Lcip vd Rd Ma Tfl chu de ldn dd, chung la cd the
157
Trang 7lfla chpn nhflng noi dung kiln thflc tieu bie'u de' khac sau cho hpc sinh nhfl: nen dan chu
cua cac qudc gia co dai phfldng Tay, nhflng thanh tflu van hda tieu bieu cfla Hy Lap va Ro
ma thdi cd dai Thiet k l bai hoc nhfl vay, mot mat npi dung kien thflc khong dan trai, mat khac, hpc sinh sc cd cai nhin vfla cu the' vfla chuyen sau v l nhflng noi dung trong tam Thuc t l cho thiy, phin ldn cac qudc gia cd nen giao due tien tien tren thi gidi diu td chflc day hpc theo chu de, nhfl Phap, Nhat Ban, My
- Vl ciu true cua mpt bai hoc cu the (dudi dang chu dl), chung tdi cung xin dfla ra mdt sd kicn nghi nhfl sau:
Md dau chu de la nen bat diu bing phin gidi thieu khai quat npi dung cd ban ciia loan chu de Trong dd, can thiet cd mot he thdng kenh hinh, tai lieu tham khao va dac biet
la mot sd dd nien bicu thdi gian de' dinh hfldng hoat dpng day va hoe cua giao vien va hoc sinh
Din phan cac tilt hpc cu the' trong chu de chung, cung nen bat diu bang mpt cau hdi nhan thflc cho loan tiet hoc Phin npi dung bai viet Irinh bay ngan gon, sflc tich Trong phan bai viel, ngoai nhflng npi dung cd ban nhai cung nen bd' sung them phin lieu sfl cac
nhan vai (ncu cd) va giai thich cac khai niem mdi xa khd Them vao dd, cin chfl trong den
phin tfl lieu tham khao va kenh hinh Bd SGK trong nhflng nam gin day mac du sd Ifldng kdnh hinh dfldc tang ien, song van con han chi va ve noi dung va mflc dp bicu dat Theo chung ldi, Irong lan bien soan SGK sap tdi, phin kenh hinh nen lfla chon nhflng kenh hinh phong phu, dien hinh va quan trpng nhit dd phai la nhflng ddn vi kiln thflc bd sung cho phin bai viel, khdng mang tinh minh hpa Phan tfl lieu nen la tfl lieu gdc Dac biet, sau mdi kenh hinh va lfl lieu cin ed mot he thdng cau hdi hay bai tap de' dinh hfldng qua irinh day hoc cua giao vien va hoat ddng tfl hoc, tfl chiem linh kien thflc cua hoc sinh Vi du,
cd the sfl dung cac kenh hinh trong SGK lich sfl cua Phap de bd sung cho tilt hpc ve nln
dan chu d Hy Lap va Rd Ma nhfl kenh hinh: Nhifng edng eu dethue tin nen ddn ehu, sau
kenh hinh nay la cau hdi: De' dflpc sfl dung nhflng cong cu nay, ngfldi cdng dan phai co nhflng dieu kien gi? Nhflng cong cu nay cho phep dfla ra mot quylt dinh gi? (Xem IHnh
2) Hoac cd the' sfl dung kenh hinh: Phdn bd eu ddn thdnh bang Aten thi ki V TCN (Xem
I linh 3), dfla vao kenh hinh nay, hoc sinh se co cai nhin trflc quan rang vao nam 431 TCN, tren long sd 380 nghin cfl dan cfla thanh bang Aten thi chi cd 42 nghin ngfldi cd tU each cdng dan Cung lfl kenh hinh nay, dudi su dinh hfldng cua giao vien se giup cho hoc sinh hieu dfldc ban chal cua nen dan chu d cac qudc gia cd dai phflPng Tay
Tiep sau phan bai vilt cin bd sung them phin hd sd tfl lieu va phin cau hdi bai tap
de hoc sinh cd cd hpi tfl hoc, tfl tim hie'u va he thdng hda lai toan bd kiln thflc ma minh
da dfldc hoc
Tren Cd sd nghien cflu SGK cua Phap, cua Viet Nam trong hien tai va cac thdi ki irfldc, chung ldi xin dfldc dfla ra mot d l xuit, dd la, cudi mdi tilt hpc cung nhfl cudi mdi chu dl cin cd mpl bang tdng kit npi dung toan lilt hpc hay loan chu d l Theo chung toi, vice xiiy dflng nen mol bang tdm lit d cudi mdi bai cd tac dung rit ldn Irong viec dinh
Trang 8hudng nhung kien thflc, thai do va kl nang ma hoc sinh can nam vflng, giup cac em rit idn
trong viec he thdng kien thflc va on tap Vdi chu d l Cdc qude gia cd dpi phuung Td\ H\ Lcip vd Ro Ma, bang tdng kit cd the thiet ke nhfl sau •
Npi dung chinh ciia bdi:
- Ngay tit tbdi eo dai, d Hy iMp vd Ru Ma dd ton tai mot the che ddn dm vd dupc coi Id "dinh cao ciia nin ddn chil codai"
- Tuy nhien do chi Id nin ddn ehii cua giai edp ehu nd nen chuyen chinh cua giai cap thong iri, do vdy nen ddn ehu cua cde qudc gia ndy vdn con nhieu han che
- Ve hinh thflc SGK Tuy da cd nhilu ddi mdi so vdi SGK cu, nhflng hinh thflc cua SGK hien nay van chfla dep, ehua h i p din ddi vdi hoc sinh Ngfldc lai SGK cua Phap dfldc thiel ke cdng phu, tat ca khiln cho cudn SGK lich sfl cua Phap gidng nhu mol cudn Iruyen tranh, gay hflng thfl hpc tap rit ldn ddi vdi hoc sinh Vi vay, mdt vin de dat ra cho viec bien soan bo SGK mdi lin nay la phai chu trong hdn nfla den hinh thflc cua sach Tfl trang bia, khd sach, chit Ifldng giiy den ki thuat trinh bay, in i n deu phai gpi sfl thich thu ddi vdi ngfldi dpe Tit ca nham muc dich cung vdi viec hoan thien noi dung se gdp phin lam tang hflng thu hoc tap lich sfl cua hoc sinh
3 Ket luan
Qua viec nghien cflu ciu true bai vilt trong SGK THPT ciia Phap va Vicl Nam, dac
biet qua vi du bai Cdc qude gia cu dpi phuung Tdy Hy Lap vd Ru Ma chung ldi cung xin
phep dfldc dfla ra mpt sd d l xuit, y kiln ddng gdp cho cong tac bien soan SGK trong thdi gian tdi nhfl da trinh bay d Iren Til ca nhim muc lieu nang cao chil Ifldng day hoc bo mdn d trfldng phd thdng Tuy nhien, theo sfl suy nghi cua chflng tdi, mudn nang cao chil Ifldng day hoc bd mon Lich sfl d trfldng phd thdng thi cin phai di din iflng bfldc De khic phuc tinh irang day hoc bp mdn nhfl hien nay doi hdi phai co mdt sU thay ddi, dot pha lit
ca cac linh vUc co lien quan, trong dd, ddt mdi chUdng irinh, SGK ddng mdt vai trd vo cung quan trpng
Qua nhflng kit luan tren, chung ldi hy vpng ddng gdp mot phan nhd be cho viec bien soan SGK lich sfl d Viet Nam trong thdi gian tdi de phu hdp vdi thflc lien va nang cao chit Ifldng hoc tap lich sfl cua hoc sinh
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[1] Bp Giao due va Dao lao, 2012 Lich su 10 Nxb Giao due Ha Npi
[2] Sous la Direction de Hugo Billard, 2010 Histoire 2 classe Magnard (Hugo Billard (chu bien), 2010 Sdch gido khoa Lich sti Idp 10 cua Phap, Nxb Magnard, 2010) [3] Dd Xuan Hpi, 2012 Chuong trinh vd sdch gido khoa eua Phdp van dung vdo thUe tien Viet Nam KJ ylu Hpi thao " Sach giao khoa Ihl ki XXI: Kinh nghiem the gidi
Trang 9-thflc tiln Viet Nam", Ban Khoa Giao Trung Udng va Nha xuit ban Giao due Viet Nam ddng td chflc Ha Npi
[4] Phan Ngpe Lien (chu bien), Nguyen Thi Coi, Trinh Dinh Tung, 2010 Phuong phdp day hue hch sii: tap } - 2 Nxb Dai hpc Su pham Ha Npi
[5] Nguyen Van Ninh, 2013 Tif sdch gido khoa lich sif phd thdng ciia nudc edng hoa Phdp den kbd ndng van dung cua Viet Nam Tap chi NCLS, sd 2(442)
[6] Vien Nghien cflu Sach giao khoa qudc t l Georg Eckert, 2004 Ki yeu hpi thdo khoa hpc: Sdch gidu khoa trong xd hpi hien dpi Nxb Giao due, Ha Npi
ABSTRACT
A textbook lesson on Greece and Rome as presented in history textbooks used to teach French and Vietnamese students - a comparitive view
In light of the role and important position of textbooks in teaching and learning history, we compared French and Vietnamese textbook history lessons on Greece and Rome It was seen that the lesson structure in the French history textbooks provided clear information, it was geared to the students' ability and it maximized learning to every student's ability On this basis we've made a number of proposals on how to compile better history textbooks for Vietnamese students