So 10 (228> 2014 NGON N G C & DOI SONG DAY HOC TICH ClTC VA GHI N H 6 TlT M d i TIENG TRUNG QUOC QUA VIEC UTVG DUNG PHAN MEM CONG NGHE THONG TIN ACTIVE TEACHING AND MEMORIZING NEW WORDS IN CHINESE THR[.]
Trang 1DAY HOC TICH ClTC VA GHI N H 6 TlT M d i TIENG TRUNG QUOC QUA VIEC UTVG DUNG PHAN MEM
CONG NGHE THONG TIN ACTIVE TEACHING AND MEMORIZING NEW WORDS IN CHINESE THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SOFTWARE
NGUYEN THI MINH HONG (TS; e ? i hoc Sir pham TP HCM) TRAN KHAI XUAN (ThS; D?i hoc Sir pham TP HCM) Abstract: Article addresses the concept of active teaching and appUcation of ICT in teaching
and active learning Brief introduction to the use of IT in today's China Science and ^plication
of software in teaching new words and memorizing new words in Chinese, then offering recommendations to raise the efficiency of IT applications in teaching
Key words: active; teaching; information; technology; teaching; new words to remember;
new words; Chinese
1 Ma dku
Trong nhung nam qua, ciing vdi su phat
trien cua dat nuoc, nen giao due Viet Nam noi
chtmg va giao due dai hpc noi rieng, da co
nhihig buoc phat trien dang ke Tuy nhien, de
dap ung nhu cau ngay cang cao cua thai ki
cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nuac, doi
hoi giao due dai hpc can co sir doi moi toan
di?n va sau sac Mot trong nhiing giai phap
quan trpng la nhanh chong doi mai phuang
phdp day hpc d dai hpc Dieu 40 cua Lugt
Gido di^c 2005 neu ro: "Phuong phap dao tao
trinh dp cao dang, trinh dp dai hpc phai coi
trpng viec boi duong y thuc tu giac trong hpc
tap, nang luc tu hpc, ty nghien cuu, phat trien
tu duy sang tao, ren luyen kT nang thuc hanh,
tao dilu kien cho ngudi hpc tham gia nghien
cuu, thuc hanh, ung dung" De dao tao ra ldp
ngudi dap iing dupc yeu cau do, doi mdi
phucmg phap day hpc (PPDH) theo hudng
phat huy tinh tich c\rc chu dpng sang tao ciia
sinh vien (phuong phdp day hpc lich cvrc) la
cap thi^t hi?n nay Mpt cong cu ho trp dSc luc
cho phuang phap day hpc tich cue la cong
ngh? thong tin (CNTT) - mpt phucmg ti?n d?y
hpc hien dai, hihi ich va hieu qua trong day
Giang day tir mdi la mpt trong nhung phan quan trpng trong giang day ngoai ngii noi chung va giang day tieng Trung noi rieng, bdi, khoi lupng tir vung ma sinh vien sd hiiu se danh gia dupc sinh vien dat chuan khung nang luc ngoai ngii bac may Vi vay, viec giup cho sinh vien co the hpc thupc, nhd lau nhiing tir
ma minh da hpc la rat can thiet Trong bai viet nay, chung toi neu mpt so ung dung cong nghe thong tin h6 trp trong hoat dpng day hpc tich cue tu mdi va ghi nhd tir mdi tieng Trung Quoc Hi vpng, nhd do se tao chuyen bien trong giang day cung nhu trong hpc tap tir vung tieng Trung
2 Day hoc tich circ va cong nghe thong tin cho day hoc tich cyc
2.1.Phuwig phdp day hpc tich cu-c
Phucmg phap day hpc lich cue (PPDH tich cue) thuong dupc dung de chi nhiing phuong phap nham phat huy tinh tich cue, chii dpng va sang tao cua ngudi hpc Do do, PPDH tich cue khong phai la mot PPDH cu the nao, ma bao gom nhieu PPDH, hinh thuc to chuc va kT thuat day hpc khac nhau, nham ISng cudng su tham gia ciia ngudi hpc, tao dieu ki?n phat trien toi da kha nang hpc tap, ndng luc giai
Trang 2ni&n say me, hung thu trong hpc tap va nghien
ciru cho ngudi hpc Duoi day la mpt so dau
hieu dac trung cua PPDH tich cue
Thu nhdt, dgy vd hoc thong qua to chuc
cdc hoat dong cua ngudi hgc vd chu trong ren
luyin phuang phdp tu hoc To chuc cac hoat
dfing hpc % cua ngudi hpc, phai trd thanh
trung tam cua qua trinh giao due Giang vien
can xac lap ke hoach day hpc eua minh, de
dinh hudng va hudng din sinh vien phat trien
cac nang lire can thiet cho hien tai va trong
tuong lai Qua cac hoat dpng hpc tap, sinh
vien dupc dat trong cac tinh huong co van de,
tham gia thao luan, trao doi, khuyen khich dua
ra cac giai phap giai quyet van de theo each
eda minh Trong day hpc tich cue, dieu can
thiet la chii trpng ren luyen cho sinh vien
phuong phap tu hpc, tit do giiip hp eo phucmg
phap, thoi quen tu hpc, tu nghien cuu va sang
tao
Thu hai, coi trQng huang ddn tim toi Giai
phap giiip sinh vien phat trien kl nang giai
quyet van de va co the hpc dupc cac phucmg
phap hpc thong qua hoat dpng, la day hpc eoi
trpng hudng dan tim toi Dieu nay doi hoi sinh
vien phai hpc tap tich cue, de tim ldi glai cho
van de dat ra Dong thdi trong qua trinh do,
giang vien can co su hudng dan kip thdi giiip
cho hoat dpng cua sinh vien dat ket tot
Thu ba, ket hap ddnh gid ciia gidng vien
vdi tu ddnh gid cua sinh vim Trong day hpc
tich cue, danh gia khong chi nham muc dich
nhan thiic thue trang va dieu ehinh hoat dpng
hpc tap ciia sinh vien ma con nhan dinh thuc
trang va dieu chinh hoat dpng day ciia giang
vien
Tu danh gia la hinh thiic danh gia ma sinh
vien tu lien he phan nhiem vu thuc hien vdi
cac muc tieu ciia qua trinh hpc tap Tu do hp
CO the tu dieu chinh each hpc, xac dinh dpng
ca hpc tap va lap ke hoach de tu nang cao kSt
qua hpc tap cua minh
Ket hpp danh gia ciia giang vien va tu danh
gia ciia sinh vien, khong chi giiip sinh vien
dieu kien nhin nhan chinh minh de di&i chiah each day
Nhu vay, nhih^ PPDH nao co nhih^ diu hieu dac trung nhu tren dSu la cac phuong phap day hpc tich cue, nhu: phuang phap day hpc nhdm, neu va giai quyet van de, day hoc theo duan,
1.2 Cdng nghe thong tin cho dgy hgc Hch
ClfC
Quyet nghi ciia Chinh phii nam 2005, ve de
an phat triln Giao due dai hpc Viet Nam fflnh hudng din 2020, da neu ro cac giai ph^ doi mdi phucmg phap dao tao theo cac tieu chi: trang bi each hpc cho ngudi hpc, phat huy tinh chu dpng cua ngudi hpc va sii dung cong nghe thong tin va truyen thong trong hoat dpng day
va hpe Do do, ting dung CNTT vao day hgc nham phat huy tinh tich cue, chu dpng va sang tao ciia sinh vien la mpt yeu cau tat yeu trong giai doan hien nay Viec ung dung CNTT vao day hpc la mpt qua trinh thudng xuy^n, lien tuc theo timg giai doan, tir vi$c tiep can cong nghe, boi dudng Id nang sir dimg den hoan thien phuang phap sir dung CNTT trong day hpc Mo hinh TPACK (Teachnological pedagogical content knowledge - Kien thiic npi dung, phuang phap va cong nghe), da chi
ra each nhin tong quat ve ba dang co ban cua kien thiic ma mpt giang vien can co de img dung CNTT vao hoat dpng day hpc ciia nunh gom kien thire cong nghe, kien thiic phuom, phap va kien thiic npi dung, cilng nhu moi quan he va tuang tac giiia chiing
Trang 3NGON NGU" & DCW S 6 N G
Mpt giang vien cd kha nang kit hpp dupc
ca ba dang ca ban ciia kiln thiic trong day hpc
s6 dat dupc ket qua trong giang day ban kiln
thiic cua mpt nha chuyen mon (nha ngon ng&
hpc), chuyen gia cong nghe (nha khoa hpc
may tmh) va mot chuyen gia vl phuang phap
(nha ^ao due hoc) Tuy nhien, dl dat dupc
yeu cau do, ddi hoi giang vien phai luon luon
no lire, tu nang cao Id nang sii dung CNTT,
bdi dudr^ phucmg phap giang day va hilu bilt
sau sac ve npi dung minh giang day
Hien nay, co rat nhieu phdn mim iing
dung trong day hpc tit mdi va ghi nhd tir mdi
tieng Trung Cac phan mem nay rat hiiu ich
ho trp giang d^y theo phuang phap day hpc
tich cue, nhu eae phan mem Flashcard,
MDBG, Games, Tuy nhien, viec giang vien
nam dupc cac uu diem ciing nhu nhupc diem
ciia timg phan mem va iing dung vao timg tiet
hpc cu the,,con tiiy thupc vao kha nang thiet
ke cua minh, mdi mong mang lai ket qua tot
han Neu khong, de dan den qua tai ve thong
tin, ve thdi gian, lam cho ngudi hpc trd nen
thy dpng trong cac hoat dpng hpc tap Chang
han, mpt trong nhung uu diem khi vira hpc
vira choi (Games) se giup sinh vien nang
dpng hon trong hpc tap, ldp hpc sinh dpng
hon Song, nlu giang vien khong biet khong
chl thi CO thi tilt hpc se ehuyen tir smh dpng
sang bat nhao va khong dat hieu qua nhu
mong muon
3 iTng dung CNTT cho day hoc tich
cyc trong giang day tii mdi va ghi nhd tir
mdi tieng Trung Quoc
3.1 Van ai irng dung CNTT d Khoa
Tieng Trung, Tru-dng Dai hgc Sw phgm
TPHCM
Hien nay, trang thilt bi CNTT phuc vu
gidng day trong nha trudng da co nhung cai
thi?n dang kl Tdt ca phong hpc da dupe
trang bj may chilu phuc vu cho hoat dpng
d^y va hpc Trinh dp, kl ndng sir dung CNTT
trong d^y hpc ciia giang vien dupc ndng cao
Sinh vien da budc dSu thich img vdi phuang
Tuy nhien, theo ket qua aia cdc buoi hpi thdo ve doi mdi phuong phap day hpc d cac khoa va nha trudng to chiic, qua cdc dot tap huan ve CNTT va nhan dinh chii quan, ehung toi nhan thay van cdn nhieu han ehe trong ung dung cdng nghe thong tin vao gidng day troi^ nha trudng Chang ban:
Doi vai ^dng vien: Da so giang vien chi sii
dung mpt so phan mem trinh cliiSu de thilt ke bai giang va cac hoat dpng day hpe ma chua
CO su lien ket da dang cde phan mem chuyen dung Tham ehi, mpt so giao vien trinh chieu cdc trang word thay cho viec ghi bang Cach Iam nay to ra it co hieu qua khi muon phat huy tinh tich cue chu dpng cua sinh vien
Boi vai sinh vien: Da so smh vien van giii
thoi quen hpc tap nhu d trudng pho thong
"thay dpc-tro ghi", thu dpng trong hpc tap Trinh dp, kT nang sir dung CNTT ciia sinh vien eon nhieu han che, tham chi co sinh vien con chua biet sir dung may tinh
Mat khac, mgt tac dpng khong nho den viec ling dung CNTT trong day hpe la trang thiet bi CNTT van con thieu nen viec day hpc sir dung cac phuang tien hien dai khong dupc thudng xuyen, lien tuc dan den hieu qua chua cao
3.2 lfng dung CNTT cho dgy hpc tich cue trong giang dgy va ghi nhd tie mdi tieng Trung Quoc
Co thi thAy, tir mdi hau nhu dupe giang day d tit ca cac mon hpe thupc thuc hanh tieng va kT nang tieng Trong mpt hpc ki, so lupng tir vung sinh vien dupc hpc la hon 500 tir Vi vay, van de dat ra la, lam sao de sinh vien CO the dung nap va ghi nhd khoi lupng tir vung nhu vay? Viec iing dung CNTT vao day hpc tich cue se phat huy dupc loi the nay, gitip cho qua trinh to chiie thuc hien cac hoat dpng day hpe dat ket qua kha quan hon so vdi khi khong sii dung CNTT Tuy nhien, cde eong cy CNTT can phdi dupe lua chpn mot cdch phii hpp, sii dung dung liic, diing thdi diem, mdi phat huy tot nhat cac uu diem va han ehe nhupc diem cua cdc phan mem
Trang 4Dudi day, chiing tdi xin gjdi thieu mdt sd
phan mim CNTT thudng dupc sur dung trong
day tir mdi va ghi nhd tir mdi tieng Trung
(i) Phdn mem ldm Flashcard:
Trang E-Hanzi Digital Chinese ed phan
mem ho trp lam flashcard true tiep tren mdy
tinh
De sii dung phan mem nay chiir^ ta dang
nh^p vao trang E-Hanzi Digital Chinese, dang
ki mpt tai khoan Id eo the sii dung miln phi
phan mem ndy U"u diem cua phan mem nay la
CO the nhap ciing Iuc rat nhilu tir va xudt ra
ciing Iuc nhieu tir bang file pdf, co phien am di
kem, CO the nhap phdn giai thich nghia tu bSng
tieng Viet, chpn kho giay va kho chii mong
muon, diing dupc cho ed chu gian thi va chii
phon the Nhupc diem cua nd la chiing ta
khong the cho hinh anh vao de flashcard sinh
dong hern vd true quan hem
Cdch sir dung:
Bude 1: dang nhap vao trang E Hanzi
Digital Chinese
Bude 2: dang ki mot tdi khoan su dung
- Budc 3: sau khi da co tai khodn chiing ta
se dang nhap vao phan mem de sir dung
Bude 4: sau khi da dang nhap, chpn bilu
tuang E - Hanzi Flashcard
Bude 5: chpn chii gidn the hay ph6n thi
- Bude 6; nhap nhiing tir cdn lam
flashcard
- Budc 7: Chon Advanced Settings dl dilu
chinh kich cd, kho giay
- Budc 8: Chpn submit dl xudt file
(ii) Phdn mem dgy doc, viet tir mai:
Phan mem day dpe va viet tir mdi tren
chimg ta vao trang MDBG, nhap tir can day, man hinh se hien ra cira sd bao gdm each dpe, each viet, phien am cua tir ma chiing ta vira nhap vao Thudng thi chung ta se tai ve phdn hudng ddn dpe va hudng dan viet de dua vao bai day Phdn mem nay cd uu diem Id co thi sir dung tim tir true tuyen va day true tuyen, hoac sau khi tim xong tir can lim chiing ta co the tdi ve sir dung, dimg dupc cho cd chii gian the va chu phon the Nhupc dilm cua no la neu sir dung day true tuyen se gay roi cho ngudi hpc vi tren trang hien thi qua nhieu cac khung cira so khdc nhau
Cach sur dung:
- Budc 1: vdo trang MDBG English to
Chinese Dictionary
Budc 2: chpn chii gian thi hoac phon thi
Budc 3: nhap chii can day vdo 6 trong trong mdn hinh
Budc 4: ehpn "Go" de xuat hien cira so bao gom phien dm, each vilt, edch doc ciia chii vira nhdp
Budc 5: click vao cdc bieu tupng ma gido vien cdn sir dung, co thi tdi cdch dpe vi each viet eiia tir vira nhdp
(iii) Phdn mem cung c6 lie
Phdn mim xep chii Jigsaw Planet, dupc thiet ke dudi dang tro choi
De xdy dung trd choi nay chiing ta vao trang Jigsaw Planet, chpn ehii Create, khi d6, man hinh se hien ra trang tao chu xip hinh, nhap vao chii can tao, sau do xult ra U'u dilm cua phan mem nay la cd thi xay dung cac 6 xip ehu tir de den kho Nhupc dilm cua n6 li chiing ta phdi tao file hinh cho chii cdn x ^
Trang 5H i s ^ f f i a ^ ! ^ ^
^s:rs\
kich thudc chii phdi tuang ddi, khong qua nho,
ngoai ra tro choi nay phdi choi true tuyen
Cach sii dung:
- Budc 1: Tao chO- cdn x i p sang file hmh
ODdnh chii trong word, chpn kich cd ldn nhat,
sau do luu lai dudi file hinh)
- Bude 2: vao trang JigsawPlanet
- Budc 3: Chpn Great
- Budc 4: Nhap chii can xep hinh
- Budc 5: dieu chinh dp kho de, ehpn font
- Bude 6: Chpn Great de xudt ra
(iv) Phdn mem xdy dung bdi tap viei
De sOr dung phdn mem nay chiing ta cung
sS vao trang E-Hanzi Digital Chinese, ehpn
ch& Worksheet, sau do nhdp vao cac tir se cho
hpc sinh ve nhd viet va xuat ra file pdf Uu
dilm ciia phdn mem nay la mien phi, nhdp tat
cde cdc tir vdo va xuat ra cimg mot liie Nhupc
diem ciia no la ehiing ta khong khong che
dupc so dong ma chiing ta yeu cdu hpc sinh se
vilt
Cdch sii dyng:
Budc 1: ddng nhdp vao trang E Hanzi
Digital Chinese
Bude 2: ddng ki mot tai khoan sir dung
- Birdc 3: sau khi da co tai khodn chiing ta
se dang nhdp vao phdn mem de sir dimg
Budc 4: sau khi da ddng nhdp, chpn bieu
tupng E - Hanzi Worksheet
Budc 5: chpn chii gidn the hay phin the
Budc 6: nhap nhflng tir cdn dua vdo bai
t|ip viet
- Birdc 7: Chpn Advanced Settings de dilu
Budc 8: Chpn submit de xuat file
4 Thay IM ket
Viec ung dur^ CNTT eho phucmg phap
day hpc tich cue da dem lai hieu qud eao hon
khi khdng su dung cdc cong cu CNTT trong qua trinh td chiic cdc hoat dpng day hpe E)6ng thdi, qua do ciing nang eao trinh dp, ki nang su dung CNTT ciia giao vien va trinh dp tin hpc, tac phong hpc tap thong qua su dung CNTF ciia sinh vien Lpi ieh va hieu qua cua iing dung CNTT vao day hpc thi da ro Tuy nhien
de ndng eao hieu qua sii dung CNTT vao day hpc tich cue eho giang vien trong nha trudng, can CO mpt so bien phap, dang chu y la:
- Nha trudng can trang bi co sd vat chat, trang thiet bi CNTT ddp iing tot nhu cdu day hpc eua gidng vien va hpc sinh sinh vien Nang eao trinh dp, ki nang sir dung cac eong
cu CNTT vao day hpc cho can bp giang day, qua cac dot tap huan boi duang ve CNTT
- Timg budc tao dupc phuang phap hpc tap cho sinh vien thich img vdi phuang phdp day hpc CO sir dung cac phan mem CNTT TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1 Nguyln Van Nam (2012), Ohg dung cdc phdn mem cong nghe thong tin vdo viec gidng dgy ngogi ngir, tap chi khoa hpc, DH
Supham Ha Npi 2
2 Nguyln Kim Dung (2011), lfng dung cong nghe thong tin trong ddo tgo, Vien nghien ciru gido due, ki yeu Hpi thao giao
due, Hai Phong
3 Hoang Anh Khiem (2010), U'ng dung Cong nghe thong lin hieu qud trong cong ldc dgy hpc a trudng cao ddng, dgi hoc, ki yeu
Hpi thao ling dung cong nghe thong tin trong day hpe d trudng CD va DH, Trudng
DH Ddng Nai
4 Pham Huy Thong (2012), Vdn de irng dung CNTT cho dgy hpc tich cue trong mon Todn bgc cao ddng ngdnh gido due lieu hpc,
Ki yeu hpi thao khoa hpc Dai hpc Pham Vdn Dong
[Ban Bien tap nhan bdi ngdy 23-08-2014)