30 NGON NGU* & DCrt SONG s a 10 (228) 2014 A''''^ iS'''' l^ ht DOI MOn PHlTONG PHAP KIEM TRA DANH GIA MON NGHE TIENG TRUNG QUOC INNOVATION IN ASSESSMENT AND TESTING METHODS FOR LISTENING SKILL CHINESE TRAN[.]
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DOI MOn PHlTONG PHAP KIEM TRA DANH GIA MON NGHE TIENG TRUNG QUOC
INNOVATION IN ASSESSMENT AND TESTING METHODS
FOR LISTENING SKILL CHINESE
T R A N K H A I XUAN (ThS; Dai hpc Sir p h a m T P H C M ) Abstrad: Article raised significant role of innovation test methods and evaluation Then it presented the writer's own experience and results archieved in the innovation procers in the assessment and testing methods for listening skill in Chinese language
Key words: innovative; assessment; methods in Chinese Listening
I Dat vin de va cudc sdng nhu ndi, vidt, each trinh bay mot
1.1 Viec kidm tra danh gia kidn thuc va ki van de khuc tridt, rd rang
nang cua sinh vien cd vai frd rat quan ttpng, no
vfta gift vai trd ddng lyc thuc day qua trinh day
hpc, no lai vfta co vai fro banh lai, giiip giao vien
dieu chinh phuong phap day va giup sinh vien
thay ddi phuong phap hpc tap, phft hpp vdi hinh
thuc, phuang phap kiem tra nham dat ket qua
cao E)d nang cao ehit lupng dao tao d cac trudng
dai hpc, cimg vdi viec ddi mdi, hoan thien
chuong trinh, ndi dung dao tao, ddi moi phuong
phap dao tao thi can phai doi mdi hinh thftc va
phuang phap kiem tra danh gia ket qua hpc tap
ciia sinh vien Vay, the nao la ddi mdi kiem tra,
danh gia? Kiem tra ddnh gia nhu the nao de nang
cao hieu qua giang day, bao dam thyc hien myc
tieu giao due?
Thic nhdt, kiem tra la khau cudi cimg, dong
thdi ciing la khau md dau cho mdt chu trinh tiep
theo cua qua trinh day hpc O khau cudi cftng,
kiem tra giup giao vien danh gia dupc chat luang
hpc tap ciia sinh vien dong thdi ciing giup giao
vien ty danh gia viec giang day cua minh C) khau
tiep fheo (tuc la trudc khi vao bai mdi), kiem tra
giiip sinh vien lien ket mach kien thftc, dya tren
kien thftc cii de chuan bi tiep nhan kidn thftc mdi
Thic hai, kiem tra, danh gia giup giao vien hieu
rd viec hpc tap cua sinh vien, phat hien nhftng
thieu sdt trong kien thirc, ki nang de kip thdi sua
chua
Thu bg kiem tra danh gia giiip smh vien hinh
thanh va ren luyen nhftng kt nang ttong hpc tap
Thie tu, kidm tra, danh gia se hinh thanh cho
sinh vien y chi quydt tam dat ket qua cao ttong hpc tap
1.2 Kidm tra, danh gia la Iiai khdu cd quan he
mat thiet ttong mdt hoat dpng day hpc Khau kiem tra dupc tien hanh trudc Nd bao gdm cac hoat dpng: ra dd, sinh vien thyc hidn, giao vien theo ddi, giam sat Kliau danh gia dupe tien hanh ngay sau do Ydu cau ciia hoat ddng nay la phdi di lien vdi kiem tra Danh gia cd vai trd quan trong, giup sinh vidn xac dinh duac ket qua hpc tap ciia ban than, phat huy nhiing mat manh, khdc phuc nhimg diem yeu cua minh trong hpc tap Ddi vdi giao vien, viec danh gia chinh xac se giiip fieu chinh npi dur^, phuor^ phap, phuang tien day hpc Neu kiem tra ma khdng danh gia se gay ra nhiing hau bat dn hai cho qua trinh day, hpc nhat
la phan ung cua sinh vien
Xuat phat tu thyc te gidng day va kinh nghiem ban flian, frong bai nay chiing toi xin ndu ra vai frd, y nghia efta viec kiem tra danh gia tft (te de xuat ddi mdi phuang phap ra de flii mdn Ngjie tieng Trung Qudc
2 Ddi mdi kiem tra danh gia trong mon
Nghe tieng Trung Quoc
2.2.1 Ddi mdi kiem tra danh gia khdng chi Id
dua vao nhieu hinh thftc kidm tra mdi la ho3c tiiay ddi cac kieu kiem tiB dd tranh sy don dieu nham chan Cdi dich den cua Idem tra la ddnh gja duoc ngudi hpc mdt each toan dien tren cdc mat:
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do, yeu cau dat ra ddi vdi ddi mdi kidm tra, ddnh
gia Id phdi w i dung cac hinh thftc, bidn p h ^
kiem tra sao cho dat duoc cai dich ddn dd
Myc tieu cua ddi mdi phuong p h ^ day
-hpc la thdng qua cac bien phap, hinh thftc day
hpc giiip sinh vien hpc tap chft ddng, ti'ch cyc
Vl vdy, ddi mdi kiem tra ddnh gia theo hudng
phdt huy tinh tich cyc, chu dpng cua sinh vien
sg gdp phdn khong nhd ttong vide thuc day ddi
mdi phuong phdp day hpc
2 2 Trong 4 kt ndng Nghe, Ndi, Dpe, Viet
thi kl nang Nghe la kT ndng giao vidn thudng tft
chdi nhan day do e ngai viec ra 6Q, vi vay neu
cd gidng day mdn nay giao vien thudng chpn
hinh tiiftc cho flii nhung bai Nghe da dupc hpc
Cdc ldm ndy khdng danh gid dupc het kha nang
Nghe hieu va trinh dp Nghe hieu ciia sinh vien
Vi?c ddi mdi phuang phdp kiem tra danh gia la
thyc sy can thiet dd phan anh dupc nang lyc that
sy ciia sinh vien Vi the, thay vi chpn cde bdi
Nghe da hpc, giao vien co the ty bien soan ndi
dung hodc tham khao cac bai bao, bai dpe phii
hpp vdi nhftng ohu de ma sinh vien da dupc hpc
trong nam hpc de dua vdo bai nghe Ngodi ra,
thay ddi hinh thftc vira ty luan vfta trac nghiem
thanh hodn toan trie nghiem va phai phan hda
de thi de lam sao danh gia diing dupc thuc luc
ciia sinh vien Khi da xac dinh dupc ndi dung va
hinh fliftc thi giao vien can co 3 budc de hoan
thi?n de thi
Budc 1: Su dyng phan mdm voki de tao file
dm flianh mdi Dd sft dung phdn mem nay
chimg ta vdo trang www.voki.com, dang ki mdt
tai khodn Id cd the sft dyng mien phi phin mem nay De tao file am thanh, tren man hinh chpn create, mdn hinh se hien ra khung cdn tao file
dm thanh, dua chu cdn tao file dm thanh vdo khung trdng tren man hinh, chpn gipng dpe va sau do luu lai Cu nhu vay chiing ta cd flid tao nhieu file am thanh theo y mudn
Budc 2: Sau khi tao file am flianh bdng voki, phai sft dyng phdn mdm RealPlayer de luu file
dm thanh vfta tao vao may vd chep ra dSa
Budc 3: Sau khi tao xong file am thanh, neu mudn dieu chinh tdc dp nhanh hay chdm, chimg
ta cd the su dung phdn mem Audicaty de bien tap lai phan am thanh tten De su dung phdn mem nay chimg ta phai tai ve va cdi dat vao may Uu diem ciia phin mem nay la cd the dieu chinh tde dp file dm thanh theo y mudn va cd the ghi dm ty do Tuy nhien, khi dieu chinh tdc
dp am thanh khdng nen dieu chinh qua nhieu vi
se lam bien dang am dpe
Nhin chung, trudc khi ra de kiem tra, can ddi chieu vdi cac muc tieu day hpc de xdc dinh mue tieu, mftc dp, ndi dung va hinh thftc kiem tra nham ddnh gia khach quan trinh dp sinh vien Ngoai ra, phdi xay dung ddp an, bieu diem
de ttanh nhiing tinh hudng cd nhieu phuang an tra ldi hoac trd Idi nhieu han muc dp cho diem khien thang diem khdng phii hpp
2.3 Trong nhftng nam hpc gan day, chiing
tdi da tiiu nghiem sft dung phuang phap ra de tren vao cac bai kiem tra thudng ngay ttong ldp
va cdc ki flii giua ki, ket qua dat dupc nhu sau:
Ket qua kiem tra
80% 1
60%
40%
20%
DDi^m 0-5
• £)i^mS-7 DDilm 8-10
Trang 3Bieu do cho thiy, khi ty bien soan dd thi
chung ta cd thd tim vd chpn nhftng npi dung
bm nghe phu hpp vdi chft de ma sinh vidn da
dupc hpc, su dung khdi lupng tft vyng sinh
vien dupe cung cdp ttong bai, giup cho sinh
vien nghe va ldm bai hieu qua hon vdi ti Id
tren tnmg binh la chiem da sd Chat lupng
file nghe dat dupc yeu cau nghe ro vd chudn
Neu su dung file nghe cd san, giao vien phai
mdt nhieu thdi gian de chpn lpe, cat ghep file
am thanh dd tao thdnh 1 file hodn chinh,
ngodi ra cd the se khdng danh gia diing trinh
dp ciia sinh vien vi neu chpn de qua de sinh
vien se lam duac bai vdi ti Id nhu sau:
i n
y ^ ^
2BCN 2DCN 3SP
HDiem 0-5
• Oiem 5-7
D Dilm 8-10
Neu de qua khd, lupng tu mdi qua nhidu sinh
vien se khdng lam dupc bai vdi ti Id nhu sau:
a
20%;
o%ll
Lo-p Lo-p L ^ p
G D I e m 0-5
• Diem 5-7
D D i e m 8-10
Vi vdy, phuang phap tdi uu dd kidm tra va
danh gia diing trinh dp cua sinh vien chinh la
xay dyng dd thi nghe vdi ti le 50% lya chpn
nhung bai da hpc va 50% la tu bidn soan
3 Ket luan
Cftng vdi viec ddi mdi phuang phdp day
hpc till van de vd ddi mdi trong kiem tra,
danh gid la khau het sue quan ttpng ttong qua
trinh giang day va hpc tap Nhat la vdi ki
nang Nghe, ki nang duac cho la khd hpc nhat
dd gay nham chan n h i t trong 4 kT nang nghe, ndi, doc, vidt Vi vay, lam the nao dd kidm tra, danh gia duac diing trinh dp, nang luc ciia sinh vidn va chat lupng gidng day vao nhung thdi didm cu the theo myc tieu ciia chuang trinh mdn hpc la van de cap bach hien nay Trong qua trinh kiem tra, danh gia, chiing ta phai dam bao ddnh gia diing ndi dung, dung mdn hpc, phdi Hen he nol dung bai hpc vdi thyc te cudc sdng, tft dd vdn dung nhftng kidn thuc da hpc de giai quyet cac vdn
dd nay sinh tft cudc sdng hpp li nhat CJua do thuc day va ddi hdi viec hpc t|ip trong ca qua trinh; thuc ddy tgo mdi lien he gifta nhan fliftc
va hanh ddng, gifta kidn thftc va thyc te cudc sdng Khdng chi kiem tta kidn thftc md cdn phai chu ttpng den kiem tta thai d$, kt nang nhan xet, danh gia, phdn biet diing, sai; kha ndng van dung thyc hanh ttong cudc s6ng sinh vien Danh gid la cdng cu quan trpng, chii yeu xac dinh nang lyc nhan thftc ciia ngudi hpc, didu chinh qua trinh day vd hpc, la ddng luc de doi mdi phuang phdp day hpc, gop phdn cai thien, ndng cao chit lupng dao tao ngoai ngft theo muc tieu giao dye TAI L I E U T H A M K H A O
1 Nguyen Van Hiing (2009), Ddi mai kiim ira, ddnh gid kel qud hpc tap cua hgc sinh mon N^ vdn, Ki yeu hdi thao doi mdi phucmg phap
kiem tra danh gia trudng THCS Binh Long, phong Giao due Dao tao Vo Nhai
2 Cao Thiiy Oanh (2004), Ddi m&i kiim tra vd hinh thuc ddnh gid ket qud hpc tgp cUa hgc sinh, Td Sie - Dia - GDCD, Ki ydu Hpi thdo Doi
mdi kiem tra, danh gia thiic day ddi mdi phucmg phap day hpc ddi vdi cac mdn Ngft van, Lich sii Dia If va Giao due cdng ddn cap THCS va cap THPT, frudng THPT Phan Dinh Phiing, PhiiYen
3 Dau Thi Hoa (2007), Ddi mai hinh thitc phucmg phdp kiem tra ddnh gid Id nhdn to quan trong de phdt trien tu duy doc lap sdng tgo vd ddi mai phuang phdp hpc tgp trong sinh vien dia U truong Dgi hoc Suphgm, Dai hpc Da Ndng, T?p
chi Khoa hpc va Cdng ngh? - Dai hpc Da Ndng, Sd:sdl(18)