DOHMI^ s6a 2ou smti»» < DIEN OAN DAY VA HOC JK 17 ^ ^ Lien mon Vat If vofi cac mon tioc trong ntia triTofng PGS TS NGUYEN DINH THlToTC Trudng Dai hoe Vinh / Vnap nidn 80 eda th i kl XX, mdt trong nhQn[.]
Trang 1DOHMI^ s6a-2ou smti»».<.
D I E N O A N DAY VA HOC
^ ^
Lien mon Vat If vofi cac mon tioc
trong ntia triTofng
PGS TS NGUYEN DINH THlToTC
Trudng Dai hoe Vinh
/ Vnap nidn 80 eda t h i kl XX, mdt trong nhQng nguydn
l i e cda phUdng phdp dgy hpc vat li luc bay gid dd dQde
d l cao do la nguyen tic ve mdi lien he eua vat If hpc vdi
cac mdn hpc khdc trong nha tn/dng cda cde nude thudc he
nay trong day hpc cdc mdn hpe cd vai trd , y nghTa to Idn
Nguyen tac v l mdi lien he giQa cac mdn hpc la cP s6 cda
viec nghien cdu vdt II, bdi vl vdt If hpc bao gom nhOng kiln thde
cdc lfnh vye dd Cde kidn thde todn hge, thien van hpc, hda hge,
sinh hpc, dja II v.v,, eln thiet khi nghien cdu hien tupng vd qua
trlnh trong bdi hpe vdt If NgUdc lgi, hilu bilt sdu sic nhdng
kiln thde v$t II vd phUdng phdp nghidn cdu vat II (vl dy, sy vdn
dyng khdi nidm ndng lupng, djnh luat bdo todn vd ehuyen hda
phd trong hda hge, edc hign lupng, edc djnh lud* vd phUdng
phdp v$t If trong dja II vd Ihldn vdn v.v ) tgi can d i n eho vigc
nghidn cQu edc mdn hpc dd Khoa hpc hien dai phdt tndn
nhanh chdng trdn mpi ITnh vQc, gidp ranh gida cac khoa hgc vd
gida cdc ngdnh xuat hien nhQng ngdnh mdi, ITnh vye mdi Khoa
hpe ed tinh chit phdn hda sau trong tdng ITnh vye eda ngdnh
ddng thdi mang lfnh tieh hpp cao, lien quan d i n kiln thde lidn
tnIn chUdng trinh, ndi dung dgy hgc d irong nhd trudng
I NHUfNG M g c DICH THI/C HIEN MOI LIEN HE
G I Q A ViRlT li Vdi CAC MdN HQC
Xdy dyng ehUdng trlnh vdt If va SGK trong dd phai chd y tdi
sy thyc hidn mdi lidn hd glQa cac mdn hgc nham dgt duyc
nhdng myc dfch sau:
- Hinh thdnh nhan thde chung ve gldi ty nhien tren ed sd
thing nhdt bign chQng cua tat ca cdc kien thde khoa hgc ty
nhidn;
- Ddm bdo tfnh hd thdng cda kiln thQc (eae mdi lien hd ben
trong cda cdc mdn vd giQa eae mdn), kien thQc tich hyp dUa
d i n nhu c l u nh^n thQc mdt edeh ty giac, ben vQng, tgo dilu
kign phdt Irlln tU duy khoa hpc va nang lyc sdng tgo;
- Rdn luydn eho HS kTndng phat hidn nhi^g mdi lien hd
todn di^n gid cdc khdi mem vd II thuylt phan dnh nhdng mdi
quan hd t i n tgi khdch quan trong ty nhidn;
- Bdi dUdng ndng lyc phdt hidn vd gill quylt v i n d l trong
hogt ddng thyc tlSn ddi hdt d i n tdng hpp kiln thde cda nhieu
khoa hgc, v l •^ thde vd nhi^m vy kmh t l - kT thudt - xd hdi trong
sy nghi$p xdy dyng vd bdo vd td qude eda hpc sinh
II XAY DlTNG NOI DUNG DAY HQC LIEN MON Thye hien mdi Hen he glQa edc mdn hoc mdt each cd myc dieh va ed he thdng bang nhOng con dudng khde nhau trong sy thdng nhat hQu cd Cd the xay dyng ndi dung dgy hpc lien mdn theo hudng nhQng mdi lidn hd sau;
- NhQng moi lien hg dong bg nhieu mdn Khi nghidn cQu edc mdn khoa hpc ty nhidn (vdt li, hda hpe, sinh hpe) d nhdng mdc khae nhau v l eau tao chat (phdn iQ, giQa edc t'nh chat cda eae ddi tuyng vat chat va cau trdc ben nay vao eae hoan canh khac nhau cda cde Unh vQc khac lam eho HS tin vao sdc mgnh cda kiln thQc khoa hpc khdng ehl d nang, Unh tdng quat cua nhdng ludn dilm nen tang cua khoa ddng cda vat chdt, cae djnh lual bao todn, lfnh bao toan, ddi nguyen td hda hgc, thuylt tijjdo vd trao ddi chat, tinh di truyin, ludn diem nen tang nay dung lam co sd cda npi dung eac mdn hpe Sy ITnh hdi dUpc nhdng ludn dilm nin ting cua khoa hpc, cde nguyen llcua nd, kTnang rut ra dugc Id ehdng nhdng trudng
ca nhQng dilu dd giup nang cao trinh dp khoa hpe cda cac mdn hpc va nang luc van dyng eae kiln thde vao thyc tiln Mdi lien he ndi dung dgy hpc vat 11 vdi cdc mdn khoa hpc xa hdi cung khong kem phan quan trgng: mdn lieh sQ, giao dye cdng ddn, van hpc, nghe thuat, gido dye t h i chat, dd la sy chQng td vai trd eua vat li hpc va nhQng dng dyng kT thuat cua
nd trong sQ phdt Inin kinh te, van hda - xa hpi vd sy nghiep bao
vg ddt nude
- NhQng moi lien hg khong dong bg
Vi thdi gian thyc hien chQdng trinh cua eae mdn hpc, phai bao dam sao cho khdng pha vd cau true logic eua tQng mdn,
Td dd rut ra trong trUdng hyp nghien cdu sd bp mpl khai nigm
Vf dy: gidl thieu eho HS khai nigm lye, van tdc, gia tdc trong hdm bde nhat va bde hai trong loan hpe, hoac nghidn cdu minh loan hpc va xac djnh sd Avdgadrd bing thyc nghidm trong gid hpc vat li
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Mdi khdi niem ddi hdi mdt logic hinh thdnh va sap xep trong
he thdng mdn hpc, nen trinh bay sau sac mot sd khai niem d
mdn giap rainh, thyc hien sdm hdn, se khdng the va khdng can
la phu hpp chuan kiln thde, ddi tupng HS), Vf du, cae dinh luat
bao todn chi cd the nghien cQu d l y du nhat trong giao trinh vat
li, li thuylt hdm sd trong giao trinh loan hgc v.V- cdn Idin thQc
sd bd chTcd the thyc hien dUpc trong mdn hpc giap ranh 6 mQc
dd khoa hge nao can thiet de hieu dupc nhdng van de eu the
eua bd mdn dd
- Npi dung dgy hgc vgt If Iheo nguyen t i e lien mdn
Ngudl ta tach ra mpt each hdp If nhdng mdi lien he sau day
giQa edc mdn hgc; cac mdi lien he khai niem, cae mdi lien he tQ
IQdng, eae mdi lien he theo phUdng phap khoa hpc va cac mdi
lien he he thdng - tdng hdp
+ Cac moi lien he khai niem dUpc tfnh den trong khi xay
dyng ehUdng trinh, viet SGK, lua ehpn ndi dung day hpe.Vidy:
khi nghien dong dien trong cac mdi trUdng, GV vat If phai kiem
tra sy hien hdu nhdng kiln IhQc hda hpc cua HS, cho HS biet
trong mdn hda hpc Viec xac lap mdi lien he eac khai niem giQa
edc mdn hpe gidp cho HS khdng nhQng van dyng kien thde s i n
mdt ranh gidi chat che
+ Cac moi lien he tU tUdng do la nhdng sy giai thfch phdi
hpp va bd sung lln nhau cda cung nhdng sy kien, nhdng khai
mdn hpc khac nhau, tren ed sd nhdng nguyen If, nhQng quan
dgy hpc ddi hdi sy phoi hpp nay Vi du: giQa vat If va hda hoc la
cdc khai niem ve nguyen td, phan td, cau tao chat, thuyet dien
toan va chuyen hda nang IQdng, ; giDa vat li va loan hpc; ham
sd mdt va hai bien, phep linh edc vec to va thd nguyen cac dgi
lupng, phUdng phdp tpa dd va phep tinh gan dung,.,.; vat II
hpc eua cP the, hogt ddng cdc ed quan thi gidc, thfnh gidc va
tuan hoan, trao ddi nhiet cua cd t h i vdi mdi trUdng xung quanh,
nhQng dieu kien tdi Uu ddi vdi hoat ddng san xuat va bao ve moi
trudng (nhiet dd, ap suat, do am, van tdc di chuyen cua khdng
khi, sQ chieu sang) cac qua trinh smh hpe d trinh dp phan tdva
hpc mpt he thdng ddn vi vat If - he ddn vj quoc te, he Sl
+ Cac moi lien he ve cae phUOng phap khoa hoc: ngoai
nhQng phUdng phap khoa hpc dac thu rieng cda iQng mdn hoc,
PhUdng phdp nghien cdu vat li la cd sd va cd anh hudng ldn
dupc chuan bi de hieu dupc viec ap dung cac phUPng phap nhu
phUPng phdp nhiet tupng ke, quang phd, caus true Rpngen,
phQdng phap do dien nhQng dgi lupng khdng dien, phUdng
phap cac dong vj phdng xg v.v„Dae bidt Id chu trinh sang t{u khoa hoe eiia Anhxtanh, chu trinh sang tgo khoa hpc ty nhUn cua V.G Razumdpxki (Sy kien khdi dau # Gia thuyet khoa hpc quan trgng trong viec lya chgn npi dung vilt SGK va td c h i hoat ddng nhdn thQc eho HS trong qua trinh dgy hpc
+ Cae moi lien he he thong - tong hpp: Trong thdi dai cd i
phan hda Idn edc kiln thQc thi viec tdng hgp npi dung dgy I
6 phd thdng lai eye ki can thiet, v l edc kien thQc eua khoa
ty nhien va kT thuat tdng hyp Dd la mpt trong nhQng eon di"
d i n tdi sy lidn k i t kien thde, tdi bdc tranh khoa hpe thdng nl cda the gidl, tdi nhdng sang tgo irong san xuat- cdng nghe nAI chung
Vide thye hien mdi lien he kien thQc gida cac mdn trong qui trinh day hgc lam cho HS d l dang hieu npi dung hpc tgp, nang eao chat lUdng va hidu qua eda qua trinh hgc tgp
Cd the td chdc eae gid hpe ngogi khda, xemina, dgy hpcdg
an vdi cdc de tai cd ndi dung khai quat hda, mang tfnh lien mdn Vi dy: "Vgt li va hda hgc cda eau tgo ehat","Cdc phuong phdp vat li trong khoa hpc ty nhien", "Cde trQdng vd eae lyc trong ty nhien", "Vdt II va khoa hpc mdi trUdng", "Sy tien triln cua vu try", "NhQng ed sd vdt II kTlhudl cua ngdnh ndng lUpng", tham gia giao thdng"v.v„ Bang each nhU the, HS se ehi ra di/pc trinh nhdn thQc, vai trd eac khoa hpc khac vd trong sy cai tgotif nhien, kT thudt va cdng nghe, d mpi ITnh vQc khac cda ddi sfing hien dai Cac dgng lien he gida mdn hpc vat II vdi cdc mdn hpc khdc trong ndi dung dgy hpe, cd mdi quan he theo sd do sau:
111 KET LUAN Mudn hien thyc duyc nguyen tie lidn mdn trong dgy hpc, khdng ch? yeu eau chUdng trinh va SGK ma cdi ehinh la phij viee nlm vQng ndi dung khoa hgc- ndi dung dgy hpc cua m6n hpc minh day, cdn phai cd dUde nhdng kiln thde cua edc khoa hpc giap ranh, npi dung SGK cua cac mdn hpc khac d Inol tie lien mdn, chd ddng, van dyng sang tgo trong qud trlnh dfiy hoc Thyc hien nguyen tac lien mdn trong day hgc de ndng cao ehat lupng va hidu qua hpc tap cda hpc sinh, can phli difijc quan ldm va thQc hien tdt trong cac mdn hpe trong nha tri/dnB Viet Nam
Tai li^u tham khSo
1 Nguyin Dinh Noan - Nguyin Dinh Thudc Vgt 11 tronj Hda hpc, Sinh hgc va Dia li d trudng trung hgc, NXB Giao due, 2006
2 MeroiiHKa odyneHHa 4)H3HKe B uiKOjiax CCCP H
VJff-M ripocBemeHHe, 1984
3 OMSHKA B ujKOJie - 5/2007
M6i lien he noi dung vat Ii vai cac mon hoc khdc Nhirng moi hen he ve thai gian Nhirng moi lien he ve noi dune
Song bo Khong (16ng ba Khai niem Tu tucmg Theo cac PPKH
i , i 1
He thong - tong hgp