iDmfetHjy >? Suy nghT ve viec doc hieu van ban trong day hoc Nguf vkn or trirofng pho thong NGUYIN VAN TRUNG TrUdng PTDTNT THCS TUdng DUdng Nghe An 1 Day van bat diu bang viSc dpc vin Hpc van cung bat[.]
Trang 1iDmfetHjy
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Suy nghT ve viec doc hieu van ban trong
day hoc Nguf vkn or trirofng pho thong
NGUYIN VAN TRUNG TrUdng PTDTNT THCS TUdng DUdng - Nghe An
1 Day van bat diu bang viSc dpc vin Hpc van cung bat
diu bang viec dpc van De tim hilu y nghTa tiem an trong van
ban, trudc het, ngudi dgy v i ngUdi hpc phii tilp xQc vdi van ban
i y Tdn trong van ban, xem xet cac y l u t l c l u thanh van ban
mdt d e h d n trpng, tf mf la yeu d u hit sQc quan trpng va d n
thiet cQa ngudi dgy van, hpe van Tuy nhien, cd mot thyc te kha
phi biln l i , hiin nay, c i ngUdi dgy van lin ngudl hpc van deu
liy "thi bin" thay cho "vin bin" ' T h i ban" chlnh la d c logi
sich thilt ke, sach dpe hilu van bin, sich van m i u , day ap
t h i dgy van, hpc van mdt d e h "binh ttiudng" m i khdng d n
thi trudc mit minh
2 ChQng tdi xin neu v i i vf dy Mt thyc te dgy hpc d c dogn
trich "Tnjyen Kieu" trong chUdng tiinh NgQ van THCS de nhQng
ai quan tim din van de dpe hilu van ban trong dgy hpe NgO
van d trudng pho thong cQng suy nglm
2.1 Dpc hieu dogn trich "Chi em ThQy Kilu" {NgQ van 9,
tip 1), khi gldi thieu ve bQc chin dung Thuy Kilu, han d c thay
- TINH - MENH (5 diy, chQng ldi miln phan tfeh tat c i cae
Ndi ve TAI eiia Kieu, Nguyin Du vilt:
Thdng minh von sSn tlnh trdi,
Pha nghe thi hpa dCi mui ca ngim
Cung thuang iiu bac ngO im,
Nghi rieng an ddt ho cim mpt trUang
KhOc nhi tay Ida nin ehuang,
Mpt thiin Bac minh lai dng nao nhin
Ba ciu, s i u ddng lyc bit d l khang dinh va ngpl ca: Kieu la
thieu nQ da t i i {sang tic thd, ve tranh, ca ngam, thinh thgo am
hoin hio {til thd, tai din) va ding ehQ y hdn, dd d i u l i t i i phd
nhien, ta khdng thay NguySn Du ndi den t i i danh cd {ki) ciia
Kilu Viy ma cac t i i lieu tham khao da vilt:
- "Ning gidi "cim, kt, thi, hpa", "ea ngim" va rat thinh thgo
"Hdcim"{1)
- "Tii eQa Kieu dat tdi mQc ll tUdng theo quan mem tiiam
mT phong kiln, gom du ea d m (nhae), ki (ed), thi {thp), hpa
{ve)"(2)
- Trong toin bd "cam ki thi hpa", Nguyin Du di s i u khie
hpa t i i d i n v i cung d i n bgc minh ciia ThQy Kilu" (3)
NhQng "the ban" tren day se trd thinh "dilm tya" de di ngudl dgy v i ngUdi hpe thao thao b i t tuyit v l t i l ning eiia Kieu ndi riSng, ve dgp toin dlSn eiia Kieu ndi ehung, d n h$u
q u i thi ai eung rd
NgUdi xua ndi: ' T i n tfn thU bat nhU vd thU' (Cii gl eung tin
d sieh ehl bang khdng nSn xem sieh) Lim sao minh (?nft
dupc cai gi dQng, d l gi sal d sach de tin hay khdng tin, miSi ngudl can tryc tilp dpc v i tim hleu v i n b i n T i t nhiin ben dupc nhOng cudn sich hap din, d t i c dyng cCing d nhin thic
va khdi nguon tiep nhin thim mT oho ngudl dgy v i n , hpc van, Phin tich tai nang cQa Kilu trong dogn trfch ndi trSn, tic gii Tran Dinh Sir vilt: " Nguyen Du de cao sy toin tai eiia TtiHy Kieu, lam nen cho d u diuySn "dd t i l " {ghen vdi til) ve sau;
Thong minh von san tfnh trdi, Pha nghi thi hga dO miii ca ngim
Cung thddng iiu tiic ngu am, NghS rieng an ddt hS cim m^t trddng
Kieu lam dupc thd, ve dupe tranh, bilt ca ngim, thanli thao am nhgc, dac blSt l i thgo ehdi H i d m (mpt thQ din ty bi
d m trang) T i l cQa ThUy Kieu dupc gldi thieu lin lUpt theo Ifi
liet ke Dang chQ y l i cae chQ: "von san tfnh trdi", "pha nghS"
"du mQl", "lau", " i n dUt", fim cho cai gi eung cd du v i toinv^ri"
(4) Day qua la mdt y kiln s i u sac, ed y nghTa gpi J d v l tfw
tie dpc vin cho ngudi dgy v i n , hpe v i n
2.2 Trong dogn trieh "Kilu d liu NgUng Bich" (NgO vin 9, tip 1), de the hien noi nhd cua Kieu ddi vdl Kim Trpng trong canh ngd ning dang bi giam Idng d l l u NgUng Bfch, NguySn
Du vilt:
Tddng ngddi dUdi nguyit chin ding
Tin SUdng luing nhdng rky trdng mai chd
Bin trdi gdc bi ba va, Tim san gdt rda bao gid cho phai •;
Dac ta ndi nhd eQa Kilu dinh eho Kim Trpng, ngUfli ^W cua tinh ySu diu ddi say i ^ m , Nguyin Du dung ddng tQtilfir^f'
V l ChQ nay, d o sieh tham khio vilt: i''
- "NguySn Du da sit dyng ddng tQ "tudng" d i t ISn vj tri mi
d i u mpt d u thd s i u chQ Tudng" l i hdi tudng; l i nhd rf
(Xem tiip trang 54)