DIEN O A N II HJ^ M ^̂ SI? DUNG MO P H 6 N G TRONG DAY HOC BIEN PHAP DAP 0NG PHBN6 GACH HOC TAP GOA HOC SINH « • • • ThS Nguyin Thj H6ng Chuyen Tru&ng Dgi hgc Suphgm DH Thdi Nguyen SUMMARY This articl[.]
Trang 1DIEN O A N II
-BIEN PHAP DAP 0NG PHBN6 GACH HOC TAP GOA HOC SINH
« • • •
ThS Nguyin Thj H6ng Chuyen
Tru&ng Dgi hgc Suphgm - DH Thdi Nguyen SUMMARY
This article introduces some things about simulation, the role of simulation in teaching and learning Using simulation in teaching to respond the learning styles of students, stimulate interest and maximize learning ability of students to effectively contribute to improving teaching and learning
Keywords: Simulation, teaching, student, learning style
Ngdy nhfn bdi: 20/6/2014; Ngdy duyft ddng: 28/7/2014
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1 Dft van de kilu bdt chudc dl thi Mfn hogt dpng eiia hf thing
Vdo thi ky XIX, qudn dpi Phd - Id t l churc diu Vi dy nhu khi tgp ldi d td, ngudi ta hpc dupe tiiyc tien tren thi gidi dd sii dyng md phdng (MP) nhu mft tfp fren ca bui difn tur, ngudi ta MP buong ldi thye phuong phdp hftu hifu trong vin dl tuyin quan Ban tl vd nhftng thay ddi eiia dudng xd, eiia ehudng nggi dau ngudi Phi khdng hdi ldng vdi cdch thirc tuyin vgt, hf thing den hifu giao thdng thdng qua hf thing quan nhdn thdng qua Mnh thurc phdng vin vd lam may tinh vd man Mnh
cdc bdi kilm tra vilt tren giiy, hp dd nghi ra phuong Tdm lgi, MP Id vifc tgo ra mpt vgt, mpt hf thing
thiic md phdng - tiie Id hp dd xay dvmg cdc tinh hulng hay mft thdnh phin cua vgt, ciia hf thing khde dd tin
gid dinh vd dft ngudi dy tuyin vdo tinh hulng dd dl tgi hofc chua tin tgi trong thye t l ed vl tinh chit vft kilm tra, xem xet cdch phdn iing, hdnh vi eua mii ly hay logic Vdi hf thong dd tin tgi tM nhdm myc ngudi dy tuyin frong tinh hulng gid dinh dd nhu thi dich hpc cdch sii dyng, kilm nghifm tinh diing ddn ndo; tir dd lya chpn dupe nhftng qudn nhdn uu tii nhdt hay nghien cuu vl hf thing; Vdi hf thing chua tin phyc vy qudn dpi (trich theo 13]) tgi thi nhdm ehl tgo thiir, ngMen curu hf thong, thye Hpe hdi kinh nghifm dd, cdc nude Anh, Hoa ngMfm cdc vin dl khdng khd tM frong dilu kifn Ky, dd vgn dvmg phuong phdp MP frong tuyin thyc tl hay kilm ngMfm tinh diing ddn ciia mpt vin chpn vd ddo tgo d ITnh vye qudn sy dl nao dd
Din din MP dupe sii dvmg phi biln trong edng Vifc ngMen curu, thao tdc tren thilt bi MP giup cufc ddo tgo rit nhilu ngdnh nghi vd linh vyc: hdng cho ngudi ngMen ciiu de tilp nhfn thdng tin vd hiiu khdng, thuong mgi, kinh tl, qudn ly giao thdng, xdy sdu ddi tupng Do vfy, sii dyng MP frong dgy hpc dd dyng, y khoa, qudn dpi, tdm ly chinh tri, • Bfc bift vd dang ngdy cdng dupe iing dyng rf ng rdi nhung sur dyng MP trong dgy hpc dd vd dang dupe xdy dvmg chua thyc sy mang tinh phi biln vd hifu qud cao
vd sii dvmg ngdy cdng phi biln Bdi vilt ndy nhdm gidi thifu nhftng lpi thi co bdn
2 Khdi nifm md phdng eua vifc sur dyng MP trong dgy hpc dk tii dd iing
Theo tir diln Tilng Vift, md phdng Id bdt chudc dyng cy thi cd Mf u qud cao, gdp phin ndng cao Mf u ldm theo mft cdi mau qud dgy hpc
Theo tir diln Oxford American (1980) II] dinh 3 Cdc lpi the cua vifc sir dyng mo phdng ngMa: "md phdng Id cdch thiic dl tdi tgo lgi cdc hogt trong dgy hpc
dfng, cdc tinh hulng thdng qua md Mnh" Trong dd - Gdp phin kich thich hiing thii hpc tfp ciia hpc
md Mnh Id Mnh ldm mau Id cdc vgt cd cimg Mnh sinh: Hung tiiu nhgn thurc dupe coi Id dpng lye quan dgng, cd kich thudc dupe thu nhd hofc phdng to hon trpng eho vife hpe tgp Hogt dpng hpc tgp cd hung
so vdi vgt thft, nd ed nhihig tmh chit, nhihig d^ thii se frd nen tich cyc vd sdng tgo, giup hpc smh vupt
dilm dde trung quan frpng ehii ylu giing vdi vgt thgt qua mpi frd nggi dl cl gdng hpe tfp William A.Ward Theo ScMiber (1987) [ 1 ], MP Id tgo ra cdc md - nhd giao dye vT dgi cua nude My dd timg vilt: "CA/
hinh dupe xur ly hofc cdc hf thing trong thyc tl theo ndi thdi Id thdy gido xodng Gidng gidi Id thdy gido
TAP CHf THI^BIGlAO DUC-sd 108-8/2014 • 59
Trang 2II DIEN D A N
tdt Minh hga biiu diin la thdy gido gidi Gdy himg
thii hgc tgp la thdy gido vTdgi" Nhu vgy, ed thi thiy
rdng hiing thii nhgn thirc ed vai trd rit quan trpng
trong hogt dpng hpe tfp vd ngudi gido vien phdi lya
ehpn cdc bifn phdp dgy hpc sao eho kich tMch dupe
humg thii ciia ngudi hpe nhdm tdng hifu qud dgy hpc
MP vdi nhiing uu thi mang tinh tryc quan, cy thi,
hip dan nhilu mdu sdc, dm thanh sinh dfng Idm eho
hpc sinh cdm thdy hirng thii vd y thiic dupe y nghia,
gid fri ciia npi dung bdi hpc, hogt dpng tich eye dl
ehilm ITnh tri thiic khoa hpe
MP cho phep ta ngMen ciiu khdng nhiing vl
dfc diem ben ngodi eiia sy vgt, Mfn tupng ma edn cd
khd ndng ngMen ciiu ed elu tnic, dde dilm, sy vfn
dpng, sy thay dii ben trong ciia sy vgt hifn tupng,
nhftng dnh hudng tdc dpng din sy vgt Mfn tupng dd
- nhftng ylu to md binh thudng ngudi hpe khdng thi
quan sdt dupe trong thi gidi thyc
Vifc sii dvmg MP sS giiip ngudi hpc cd thdi
gian nghien ciiu dii tupng mpt each thugn lpi (MP
ed thi lam cho qua frinh vfn dpng ciia dii tupng
nhanh, chfm hofc dftng lgi trong khi thyc tl thi
khdng thi)
MP logi bd dupe cdc ylu t l nguy Mim trong
thyc tl md van cung elp eho hpe sinh nhftng kinh
nghifm cy thi vl dii tupng thdng qua trdi nghifm
gidn tilp
4 Siir dyng mo phdng - ddp iing phong cdch
hpc tgp ciia hpe sinh
Phong cdch hpc tgp (PCHT) eua hpe sinh ed thi
Mlu Id cdch thiic md hpc sinh hpc tgp, Id nhftng ehiln
lupc hpc thich hpp, Mf u qud nhit eiia moi HS qua dd
dl ed thi tilp thu, ITnh hpi vd sft dyng kiln thftc trong
cdc tinh hulng cy thi [1]
Cd nMlu cdch phdn logi vl PCHT trong dd edeh
phdn logi dya vdo gide quan VAK (Visual, Auditory,
Kinesthetic) eiia Charles Smith Id dupe sft dvmg rpng
rdi, phi bien nhit hifn nay Theo phong cdch hpc tgp
VAK, ngudi hpc sft dyng ba bf phgn cam nhfn cMnh:
thi giac, tMnh gidc vd cam gidc dl tilp nhgn thdng
tin, tuy nMen mpthofc nhilu phong edeh tilp nhfn
ndy thudng Id chu ylu Cd ba logi phong cdch hpc
tfp: ngudi hpc kilu nhin, ngudi hpe kilu nghe vd
ngudi hpc kilu vfn dfng
Phong cdch hgc tgp thien vi thi gidc: Phong
cdch hpe tgp nay lien quan din thi giac hofe quan sdt
sy vifc bao gim hinh dnh, so d l minh hpa, trung bdy
bdn ve, phim, thifp nhanh Ngudi hpc kilu nhin hpc tit nhit qua vife quan sdt Bilu dien so dd hod nhu bilu dd, so dl, minh hpa, td roi, vd dogn phim diu Id nhftng cdng ey hOru ich dii vdi ngudi hpc kilu nhin Nhftng ngudi thich kilu hpc ndy se thdy thich thii vdi nhftng thdng tin dupe trinh bay dudi dgng hinh dnh hon la dgng chft vilt
Phong cdch hgc tgp theo thinh gidc: Phong cdch
hpc tgp thinh gide lien quan din truyin tdi thdng tin thdng qua thinh gidc: bao gdm vdn ndi, am thanh vd tieng dpng Ngudi hpe kilu nghe hpc tit nhit bdng vife nghe thdng tin Hp cd xu hudng ndm bdt thdng tin tot tu bdi thuylt trinh vd cd khd ndng ghi nhd rit tdt cdc thdng tin ma hpe dupe nghe
Phong cdch hgc tgp vgn dgng: Phong cdch hpc
tgp vgn dpng lien quan din cdc hogt dfng vgt li nhu
va chgm, edm gidc, ndm gift, Idm vifc, vd ede hogt dfng thye tl Ngudi hpe kilu vfn dpng hpe tot nhit bdng vifc chgm vdo vd thyc hdnh, dupe trdi nghifm thye hdnh Id dilu quan trpng vdi ngudi hpc kilu vfn dpng
Sftc mgnh su phgm ciia MP thi hifn d chS nd huy dpng tit cd ede gide quan cua hpe sinh tham gia qud trinh xft ly vd tilp nhgn thdng tin Cy thi la cdc
eo quan cdm gidc cua con ngudi (thinh gidc, thi giac, xiie gide) ciing vdi bp ndo hpp thanh mft hf thing
ed khd ndng vd cimg to ldn dl tri gide dii tupng, tilp nhfn thdng tin mpt cdch todn difn, diy dii nhat Nhu
vgy, sft dvmg MP se dap ling dupe cdc phong cdch
hgc tgp khde nhau ciia hpc sinh, thiic diy hifu qud
cua qud trinh hpc tgp
5 Kit lufn Hifn nay, vifc sft dyng MP frong dgy hpc khdng edn Id mdi, nd Id mpt bifn phdp dgy hpc dang dupe sft dyng pho biln Tuy nhien vifc sft dvmg MP nhu thi ndo dl cd hifu qud cao dong thdi phdt huy vai trd chu dpng tich cyc ciia hpe sinh Id mft vin dl cln tiep tyc dupe ngMen eiiru
Tdi lifu tham khao
1 Nguyen Thi Hdng Chuyf n Ddi net vi phong
cdch hgc tgp Tgp cM Gido dye, 12/2013
2 Bernard RZeigler (1979) Methodology in
systems modelling and simulation Oxford, New
York
3 Ken Jones (1995) Simulations -A handbook
for teachers and trainers Kogan page Ltd, London
-Nichols publishing company New Jersey
60 • TAP CHl THI^BIGlAO DMC-sd 108-8/2014