DaUmHpC S612 2015 ^'''' rf MOT VAI TRAO DOI VE CACH VIET MUC TIEU KHI SOAN KE HOACH TO CHOC CAC HOAT DONG GIAO DUC CHO TRE MAM NON THEO OUAN DIEM DOI Mdi GIAO DUC MAM NON HIEN NAY N G U Y I N TH! BfCH N[.]
Trang 1DaUmHpC S612-2015
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MOT VAI TRAO DOI VE CACH VIET MUC TIEU KHI SOAN
MAM NON THEO OUAN DIEM DOI Mdi GIAO DUC MAM NON HIEN NAY
N G U Y I N TH! BfCH N G U Y | T
Khoa Gilo dye M i m non Trfldng Cao dang Sfl Phgm Trung l/dng - Nha Trang
Di ddi mdi gilo dye mim non hi|n nay tiiflc sfl cfi hieu qud thi
ddi hm d ^ tien ddi vdi ngfljti ^ 0 vien mim non ll tl^y doi
ey the khi sogn d e k l h c ^ ^ chflc d c hoat dpng gilo dye eho d l
mim non
Mpt tilt gjai^ hay khfii^ chi can cfl vao hogt dpng cfia cfi ^^ til
dien ra nhfl till nao, sfl dyng phfldi^ phdp vk phfldng ti|n gi m i dieu
xdc ^ n h khdng dung hogc khfing id rai^ myc tilu bii giang thi khd
m l dgy hay, dgy td^ gilo viln vl tie de lgc vio mfit "ifli^ tri thflc" md
khfing Uet dfch den
^ ^ mye tilu bai dgy la ^ ? Dly II mpt d u hdi Idn ddi vdi ele gido
viln mim non hien nay khi bit tay vd sogn ke hogch
Myc tilu bii giing II ^?
Muc tilu ndi ehui^ li kit qui dfl kiln cin dgt dflpc sau khi thflc
Myc tieu bii giing cd nhilu cdch dien dgt, ehing hgn nhfl:
Muc tieu dgy hpe ll d i dfch m i fre phdi dat dflpc sau khi hpq dd
ehinh la "dfch" eudi cung m i d cfi vd tte deu phii hfldng tSi
Myc tilu bdi gili^ II kit qui m l gjlo viln mong mufin n^iA hoc
dgt dflpc sau bii giing,
Myc tieu bdi gidng Id tuyin bfi vl nhiing ^ m i ngfldi hpc phdi hieu
Id, phii nim vflng vd phai lim dflpc sau bdi dgy cfla ngfldi thay
Myc tilu bii g ^ g ndi vi viee ngfldi hpe sl hpc nhfl the nio hogc
cfi khd nang ldm dflpc ^ sau khi kit tiiflc mfit bii giing
Nhfl v|y, tiieo quan ^ e m "dgy hpc hfldng vao dfla tri" thi mye tieu
dgy hpc d l la la hfldng vao phia dfla tre, chfl khdng phii phfa giio
vien "Mgc tieu tiuic ken Id mdt ldi phdt bieu md td fclt qud thiic hiin
dd du dinh ciia hge sinh vdo cudi buoi drsf (Robert E Mager, 1994)
'i n^iia cua muc tilu bii g i l i ^
Mye tilu dgy hpc ndi chung vd bii giai^ ndi rieng ed mfit y ngMa
hit sflc quan trpng Nfi djnh hfldng va ^ p gido viln 1 ^ k l hogch
cho d c hoat ^ n g d ^ hpc cfia minh ira khi thfle hien, se quyet c5nh
viec dm hieu cdc tli li|u dgy hpc la Cd sd xac dmh d c kit qui hpc t ^
cfla tri vl k i ^ tra, ddnh ^ bl, ngfldi dgy cflng nhfl gil tn eua mfit
bii giii^, mfit chfldng tiinh dio tgo
IGifii^ ed tilt giai^ ndo hieu qud m i Igi tiiilu myc tieu bii gidng
Mfit bM hpc thieu myc tilu hogc xdc djnh myc tilu khdng dfing,
khfii^ rd rai^ ^fii^ nhfl mpt chile thuyin la khcd ml khfii^ xie
djnh dupe didi din hay i ^ d i di vio mfit khu rflng m l khdng bilt
nunh dai^ di diu khfing y thflc dflpc bang d c h nio d l di din dieh
vi khfing biet dfldc khi nao thi ntinh se din dich
Do d 4 ddi vdi gilo viln mfit myc tieu dflpc xae djnh rfi rdng, d ^ dfl, cy till vd chinh xic giup gilo viln lya chpn vi s ^ x ^ nfii dung bii giing cho phfl hpp Mye tieu bai gidng i^nh hfldng cho d c bflde tilp ttieo tixii^ kl hoach bdi dgy Dfla tren mye tilu, gilo viln lfla chpn nfii dung, phfldng phap vl Wnh tiifle to chflc dgy hpc sao eho bai giing cd kit qud tot ittiat Myc tilu bdi giang cdn la ed sd d l giao vien xiy dflng d e d u hdi, bii kilm tta vd d c hhih tiiflc kilm tra nhim dlnh gid dflpc tinh frgng nli|n tiifle cfia tri, do Ifldng nli^ Iflc cfia til sau tilt giing hay sau mfit chfi d i ^ p i o dye Myc tilu bii ndo theo chuin da djnh, tao niem say me, hfli^ thfl nghi nghiip vl tinh ttiln bach nhi^m trong qua tiinh dgy hpc
Thflc hien dflpc myc tilu bai giang se phit trien dflpc d ngfldi hpc
ckc nang Iflc tri tue, d e phim chit tfl duy, d c }d nang hinh dfing,
huih ttiinh thdi dp ™ d niem say ml hpc tgp
-Yiu chi ddi vdi mtfc tiiu bdi pang
- Phii dflpc dien dat theo yen clu ciia i ^ d i hpc chfl khdng phdi
theo chflc n l i ^ cfia ngfldi dgy Vidy:
+ Tre dpc thupc bai thp "Ong vi bfldm" hay Tie ke dfli^ tin mpt sfi logi qud cfi mfii
Chflng ta khfing nen xdc ^nh:
+Dgy tri dpc thupc bii thd "Ong va bfldm" hay Dgy til kl dflng ten cac logi qud cd mfli hay Ren cho tr£ ky nang nem xa bai^ mfit b^
- Phai dflpc diln ^ t bang mpt dfing tfl hinh dpi^ dan i^hla (de
hieu vi hieu tiidng nhat nhfl nhau) vl t ^ tiung vio kit qud
- Phii bao qudt du d 3 linh vflc chung cfia hpc tgp dd Id: kiln tiiflc, kyndng, tiidi dfi
- Phii tiiich ddi^ (quan frpng, tiiilt thflc, phu hpp) vl khd thi (ed till tiiyc hien dflpc)
- Phdi phfl hpp vdi ddi tflpng hpc sinh, anh viln (dgc dilm tim anh ty, trinh dp hi|n cd cfia hpc anh, sinh viln)
- Kit qua moi^ d d cua mye tieu bai giing phii dflpc diln t l dfldi dgng hinh vi cd die quan sat thiy dflpc (cd kha ning do Ifldng dflpc), xic djnh dflpc hoin d n h ma hinh vi sl dien la cfing nhu tiidi gian
vl dilu ki|n tiiflc hien
Vi dy: Vdi v|n dfing ed bin 11 "Di ttin ghl bing, dau dfii tui d t ,
bflde qua chfldng nggi vgt" chohl6-5tu6iehungtacdttilxlcdinh myc tilu nhfl sau:
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1 Kiln tiiflc: Til ndi dflng ten gpi, d c h tiiflc Men vgn dfing "Di
tiln ghl bang, diu dpi tui d t , bflde qua chfldng i^gi vgt"
2 Ky nang: Tre thyc hien dflng van dfii^ "Di tiln ghl bdng, diu
dfii tui eat, bflde qua ehifiSng n g g i ^ " di mfit cdch u; nhien phoi h(;^
tay - chan nhjp nhang, Idifing Iam icfi tiii d t tiln dau,
3 T M dfi: Tre mgnh dga tfl tin khi di tirin ghe bai^
K^ tiiugt vat mgc tieu bdi pang
Nhfl da ndi d tren myc tilu bdi gili^ phdi vilt dfldi gdc dp ngfldi
hpe vl bat diu bing mpt dfing tfl hlnh dfing Mdng flng vdi cdc d p
dfi nam vfli^ kiln tiifle va cd bd ngfl Iam rfi nghia cho dfing tfl do,
vilt myc tilu
Myc tilu ed ehflc nai^ chl dgo cho vi^e thiet kl nhflng giai dogn
tilp sau cua bii hpc Do dd, viee lya chpn d e tiiuat ngfl hay menh de
citinh xic de phit bieu myc tilu la mfit ki thugt hit sflc quan trpng,
dfii hdi gido viln phdi chu y tieh luy kinh nghi|m tiiflc ti
Nhiing cym hi thfldng thay trong cdc gido dn hiln n ^ nhfl: nam
vflng, nam dflpc hilu rfi, tim kilm, cd khd nang, suy nghi, cd kiln
tiiflc flai^ bj eho hpe sinh., deu chfla phai II ngfin ngfl phat bilu
mye tilu hpe tap NIn trdnh Igm dyng nhflng clu hay menh de thfla
trong myc tieu bai gidng nhfl; Trecdnndm dUdc , Sau khi hgc bdi nay
tre se hiiu Bed ndy pup tre nam vdng , tre co tiie tim ra Dfldng
nhiln, mye tilu bdi giai^ phdi dflpc phit bilu vdi fri dch nhflng kit
qui md hpc suih cin dgt dflpc chfl khfing dlnh cho ai khde, Mye tieu
bii giang bao gdm: Kiln thflc, 1^ ning va tiili dfi
- Kiln thflc; "La thfing tin dflpc chfla trong nao" Cdc thfing tin nay
cd the bao gdm sfl ki|n tiiflc t^ khii ni|m; d c h thflc hi|n,
D l vilt dflpc myc tieu bdi gidng \f thuyet vl mgt kiln thflc can
nim vflng 6 mflc dfi kiln tiiflc do Benjamin Bloom (nha gido due
hang diu d My) de xult, tfl dd ed thi sfl dyng d e dpng tfl sao cho phu
hpp flng vdi mfii miic dp nhfl sau:
+ B i ^ Nhac Igi dflpc ke ten dflpc trinh bay dflpc nlu dupc dat
vdo dung,dgt ten, nlu lin dflpc kl ra dflpc "vilf ra dflpc
,+fM/:Diln dgt dflpc sap x ^ dflpc,tinh toan dflpc, lya chpn
dung, chpn lfla dflpc, gidi ttiich dflpc nfii dung, mfi td dflpc, so sdnh
dupc sfl khic nhau vl gifii^ nhau
Vl dp: Cho mfit chuoi 5 ddi tflpng da dflpc sip xep ttieo qui tie l^p di,
lap Igi vd ylu clu til tiep tyc sao chip dung tiieo qui tae eho frfldc dd
+ Ap dung.Tiii hien, flng dyng, trinh dien, minh hpa, hoan
thdnh, Ip dyng, liln h|, gidi quylt so sinh, xep hgng, phit hi^n
dflpc, tim ra dflpc,
+ Phdn tidu Phin nhdm, phin kigi, <tenh gid, so sdnh, tinh todn,
ddi ehilu, phan bi|t, tim sy khIe nhau, taeh ra ,
Vi dy; Tdch dflpc d e nhdm cd 7 dfii tflpng Ilm 2 phin bdi^ nhieu
cdch khae nhau
+ Ting hop: Bfi tri, tiult lgp, kit hpp, hinh thdnh l|p kl hogch
liln he
Vi dy: Sip x ^ dfing qui frinh tgo tiiinh mfla
+ Ddnh pd: Nh|n xit dflpc dlnh gil dupe, i^p h g i ^ so sdnh,
ehpn h;a, phi phdn, nhgn xit, bdo v|, khai^ djnh
Vi dy: Ddnh gid dflpc nhflng hdnh dpng dflng vi hlnh dfing chfla
dfing sau khi xsm mpt dogn phim
- [^ ndi^: "Ll boat dpng quan sdt dflpc nhflng phan flng md mfit
ngfldi tiiflc hi|n nhim dgt dupe myc dich" Ky nang dflpc chia ra: ky
ndng nhgn tiiflc vdky nang fliyehdnh,
Gilo viln cin xae # i h rd til se dgt dupe cdc kynai^ gi sau khi hpe
irai^ Can sfl dung d c dfing tfl de mfi la mflc ky nang can dgt dflpc tfl
s612-2015 DgywtHpc ddn gidn den phfle tgp, tfl bilt den tiiflc hi|n ttiuin tiiyc dflpc mpt hinh nhanh din diu, ehinh xac d mflc dp nao) nhfl- kl dflpc ve dflpc fliyc hinh dupc thflc hi^n dflpc lam dflpc van dyng d i ^ lap r ^ dypc, ,
- Thdi dp: "La d m nh|n eua con ngfldi va d c h flng xfl cfia hp dli vdi mfit cfing vi|e nio dd" Thdi dfi bilu hi|n cd thi mang tinh di& d nhin (thfii quen) hogc hinh vi lien d nhin, bao gom 2 logi thai dp:
thai dp quan sat dflpc vl thii dfi khfii^ quan sit dflpc
Giao viln d n xdc ^ n h rd fre cd thai dfi nhfl thi nio sau khi hpc xot^ bii giang, Cin sfl dyng ede cym til d l dien tl cdc mflc dfi ve tiiii dfi nhfl: Tre cin th|n, tiimg thflc, mgnh dgn, tfl tin, kien fli, cd y ttililc tiach nhi|m trong edi^ viec dodn l^t, tdn trpi^, e h ^ nhgn, dong tinh, ung hfi, ylu ttiich, phi phdn, hpp tic, tuin thu, tiiay d6i, sfla doi, tin tfldng nghiim tiic difl dfing dl xult, tilt ki|m dim bdo an toin, phdi hpp.,
Cd till khang djnh Igi \htra mfit Un nfla ring mfit bdi giing ti^
cfing phy thufic vio rit nhieu yen td, trong dd khlu chuin bj gido
in len ldp la hit sflc quan trpng Myc tilu bii gidng tuy khfing phdi
II phin trpng tim cua mfit gido dn, khdng Ip dien trong gid I ^ Idp nhui^ dd chinh la d i "dich" eudi cfing m l ca cfi ™ fre diu phdi hfldng tdi Nd 11 spi ehi xuyen sufit fltn^ viec dan dfldng chl 1^ de lim nin thanh cdng cua mpt tilt giing Vi till, khi bat tay vdo cfing
^^ec sogn giao dn lin ldp, ngfldi gido vien mam non d n phdi xac djnh dflng, ey tbi vl ifi ring myc tieu bH giai^ Th|t sai 1 ^ nlu ta xem nhe phin viec niy
Vi vgy mdi giao viSn mam non vdi lulm say me vi nhi|t huylt, hay cfi ging de trau ddi chuyen mfin, ehuan bi ky vi nam ehle gido an tnldc khi len ldp de bdi gidi^ cfla chui^ fri ngdy cing suih dpng, cufin
hut vi hdng ttifi hdn
TOMTAT
Gido due Viet Nam hiin nay dang tien hdnh ddi mdi mdt cddi toin diin Tiongdd, Gidoducmdmnonldbdchgcddutiintrongh^ihong pdo dgc quae ddn Nd cdn phdi dUdc d& mdi detgo cdsd ni tdngdio cdc bdc hgc ti^ tiieo
Tuy nhien cd mdt tiiife tiMen nay Id cd nhieu pdo viin mdm non xdc dinh muc tiiu to chdc cdc hogt ddngpdo due cho tie mdm tion diUa diing vdchUatiidtsU wrong Mue tiiu xdc ^nh cdn tiieo didc ndng ciia ngUdi dgy chd diUaedncd vdo yeu edu cua ngUdi hgc
Do dd kht xdc djnh muc tieu phdi bao qudt ducd 3 MvUcdiwtg cda hge tdp Id: kiin tilde, ky ndng vd thdi dd
Vlic xdc djnh diing muc tiiu phii hdp vdi khd ndng cda tii mdm non hiin nay Id mdt viee khd h ^ nluin Ididngph^ khongtilih^
hiin dUdc Vi vdy ddi hdi cdepdo viin mdm nonphdi cig^gMtsQc detixUchiin dieu ndy
SUMMAHY :$ Vietnam Education has been renewingcomprdiensive E^ecii^
lander garten education is tiie first levd of die naiiond education system It needs to be renewed to set up tiiefoundationfor tiie other educational levels
However, inreality many teachers cftite kindergarten cm mit find out tile objectives ri^tiy and dearly The objectives are still estdhMied based on tiie role of die teachers, not tiie learners'requirement Consequently, when setting up the objectives, we must cover all time general aspects of studying Knowledge, skill and attitude
Setting up the ri^t objectives wich suits tite diUdreris ability is a t^fficult thing but this is not undoable Therefore, tiie teatersshould pay tiieir mudi effinitodotiiis