Bài tập câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3 có đáp án I Lý thuyết cách làm câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3 Tổng quát về câu điều kiện Câu điều kiện là câu diễn tả 1 sự việc, hành động sẽ xảy ra trong trường hợp một[.]
Trang 1Bài tập câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3 có đáp án
I Lý thuyết cách làm câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3
Tổng quát về câu điều kiện
Câu điều kiện là câu diễn tả 1 sự việc, hành động sẽ xảy ra trong trường hợp một
sự việc, hành động khác xảy ra
E.g.: If Hoa is late for school today, we will wait for her (Nếu hôm nay Hoa đi
học muộn, chúng tôi sẽ đợi cô ấy.)
Cấu trúc: Câu điều kiện có 2 vế (2 mệnh đề) đó là mệnh đề điều kiện (chứa IF) và
mệnh đề kết quả Nếu MDDK đứng trước, thì sẽ được chia tách với mệnh đề kết quả bằng dấu phẩy, còn nếu nếu MDDK đứng sau mệnh đề kết quả thì không cần dấu phẩy
E.g.: If Hoa is late for school today, we will wait for her (Nếu hôm nay Hoa đi học
muộn, chúng tôi sẽ đợi cô ấy.)
= We will wait for Hoa if she is late for school today (Chúng tôi sẽ đợi Hoa nếu hôm nay cô ấy đi học muộn.)
Bây giờ, chúng ta sẽ cùng nhau xem lại 3 loại câu điều kiện, cùng với một dạng
“biến thể” của chúng nhé!
Câu điều kiện loại 1 (Conditional Sentences Type 1)
Câu điều kiện loại 1 (Conditional Sentences Type 1) diễn tả những sự việc có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai và kết quả của nó Ta có cấu trúc sau:
If + S + V1, S + will + V-infinitive
E.g.: If it rains, we will cancel the trip (Nếu trời mưa, chúng tôi sẽ hủy chuyến đi.)
S + will + V-infinitive + if + S + V1
E.g.: We will cancel the trip if it rains (Chúng tôi sẽ hủy chuyến đi nếu trời mưa.)
Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Conditional Sentences Type 2)
Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Conditional Sentences Type 2) diễn tả những tình huống không có thật ở hiện tại, không thể xảy ra trong tương lai và giả định kết quả nếu
nó xảy ra Ta có cấu trúc sau:
If + S + V2, S + would + V-infinitive
Trang 2E.g.: If I had a lot of money, I would travel anywhere (Nếu tôi có nhiều tiền, tôi sẽ
đi du lịch ở bất cứ đâu.)
S + would + V-infinitive + if + S + V2
E.g.: I would travel anywhere if I had a lot of money (Tôi sẽ đi du lịch bất cứ đâu
nếu tôi có nhiều tiền.)
Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Conditional Sentences Type 3)
Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Conditional Sentences Type 3) diễn tả những việc đã không xảy ra trong quá khứ, giả định nếu những việc ấy đã xảy ra thì như thế nào, do đó loại câu điều kiện này thường ám chỉ sự tiếc nuối, hối hận hoặc lời trách móc Ta
có cấu trúc sau:
If + S + had + V3, S + would + have + V3
E.g.: If I had saved enough money last year, I would have bought a new
motorbike (Nếu tôi tiết kiệm đủ tiền năm ngoái, tôi đã có thể mua một chiếc xe máy mới.)
S + would + have + V3 + if + S + had + V3
E.g.: I would have bought a new motorbike if I had saved enough money last
year (Tôi đã có thể mua một chiếc xe máy mới nếu tôi tiết kiệm đủ tiền vào năm ngoái.)
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp (Mixed Conditional Sentences)
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp (Mixed Conditional Sentences) diễn tả những sự việc trái ngược với sự thật đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và giả định kết quả nếu những điều này thực sự đã xảy ra Bởi vì kết quả là trái với sự thật ở hiện tại, nên ở mệnh đề điều kiện thì ta dùng câu loại 3, còn ở mệnh đề kết quả ta sẽ dùng câu loại 2
If + S + had + V3, S + would + V
E.g.: If I had studied harder, I would pass the exam (Nếu tôi học chăm chỉ hơn, tôi
sẽ vượt qua kỳ thi rồi.)
=> Nghĩa là lẽ ra trước đó nên học, nhưng vì không học nên bây giờ không thể vượt qua kỳ thi
S + would + V + if + S + had + V3
E.g.: I would pass the exam if I had studied harder (Tôi lẽ ra sẽ vượt qua kỳ thi
nếu tôi học chăm chỉ hơn.)
II Bài tập câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3
EXERCISE I: Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses
Trang 31/ If I (have) a typewriter, I could type it myself
2/ If I had known that you were in hospital, I (visit) you
3/ You could make much progress if you (attend) class regularly
4/ If I (know) his telephone number, I would give it to you
5/ If you (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat
6/ If he (study) harder, he can pass an exam
7/ She may be late if she (not hurry)
8/ Tell him to ring me if you (see) him
9/ If you (speak) more slowly, he might have understood you
10/ What (you do) if you got fat?
Đáp án:
1 - had; 2 - would have visited; 3 - attended; 4 - knew; 5 - arrived;
6 - studies; 7 - doesn't hurry; 8 - see; 9 - have spoken; 10 - would you do;
Exercise II : Supply the correct verb tense
1/ If you are kind to me, I (be) _ good to you
2/ He (come) _ if you waited
3/ If you (ring) _ the bell, the servant would come
4/ If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _ him
5/ If it (not, rain) _ a lot, the rice crop wouln’t grow
6/ If today (be) _ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work
7/ If she had had your address, she (write) _ to you
8/ We lost the match If you (play) _ for us, we (win) _
9/ They would not be paid unless they (do) _ their work well
10/ If I became very rich, I (build ) _ a hospital for the poor
11/ If he (give) _ up smoking, as his doctor orders, he will be soon well again 12/ He (not, have) _ an accident if he had not been driving so fast
13/ If she (write) _ more carefully, she might not have made too many mistakes
14/ You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _
15/ If I (have) a typewriter, I could type it myself
Đáp án:
1 - will be; 2 - would come; 3 - rang; 4 - would have fed; 5 - didn't rain;
6 - were; 7 - would have written; 8 - had played - would have won; 9 - did; 10 - would build;
11 - gives; 12 - would not have had; 13 - had written; 14 - improved; 15 - had
Exercise III: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1 If we meet at 9:30, we (have) _plenty of time
2 If you (find) _ a skeleton in the cellar, don't mention it to anyone
3 The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she ( feed) _ the animals
4 If you pass your examination, we (have) _a celebration
5 Lisa would find the milk if she (look) _ for it in the fridge
6 What (happen) _if I press this button?
Trang 47 The door will be unlocked if you (press) _ the green button
8 I should have voted for her if I (have) _ a vote then
9 If you go to Paris, where you (stay) _?
10 If you (swim) _ in this lake, you'll shiver from cold
11 If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose) _?
12 The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get) _thick
13 If the milkman (come) _, tell him to leave two pints
14 I (call) _ the office if I were you
15 Someone (sit) _on your glasses if you leave them there
16 You would hear my explanation if you (not talk) _so much
17 What I (do) _if I hear the burglar alarm?
18 If you (read) _the instructions carefully, you wouldn't have answered the wrong question
19 If Mel (ask) _ her teacher, he'd have answered her questions
20 I would repair the roof myself if I (have) _a long ladder
21 Unless they turn that radio off, I (go) _mad
22 If you were made redundant, what you (do) _?
23 We'll have a long way to walk if we (run) _out of petrol here
24 If you shake that bottle of port, it (not be) _ fit to drink
25 If you spoke louder, your classmates (understand) _ you
26 I'll probably get lost unless he (come) _with me
27 You (not have) _ so many accidents if you drove more slowly
28 If you (wear) _ a false beard, nobody would have recognized you
29 If she (leave) _ the fish here, the cat will eat it
30 You (have) _ no trouble at school if you had done your homework
31 Unless you (tell) the truth, I won't help you
32 You'll get pneumonia if you (not change) _ your wet clothes
33 If I had known that you couldn't eat octopus, I (not buy) _ it
34 If they (hang) _ that picture lower, people would be able to see it
35 She (be) _able to walk faster if she didn't have such high-heel shoes
36 I (bring) _ you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty
37 If you had touched that electric cable, you (be) _ electrocuted
38 If the story hadn't been true, the newspaper (not print) _ it
39 I (not buy) _ things on the installment system if I were you
40 Dan (arrive) _ safe if he drove slowly
Đáp án:
Trang 51 will have; 2 find; 3 had fed; 4 will;
5 looked; 6 will happen; 7 press; 8 had had;
9 will you stay; 10 swim; 11 would you choos; 12 gets;
13 comes; 14 would call; 15 will sit; 16 don’t talk;
17 will you do; 18 had read; 19 had asked; 20 had;
21 will go; 22 would you do; 23 run; 24 won’t be;
25 would have understood; 26 comes; 27 wouldn’t have;
28 had worn; 29 leaves; 30 would have had; 31 Tell;
32 don’t change; 33 wouldn’t have bought; 34 hung;
35 would be; 36 would have brought; 37 would have been;
38 wouldn’t have printed; 39 wouldn’t buy; 40 would drive;
Exercise IV: Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống
1 If I the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded
in life as well as you have
A have
B would have
C had had
D should have
2 I you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital
A would have visited
B visited
C had visited
D visit
3 more help, I would call my neighbor
A needed
B should I need
C I have needed
D I should need
4 then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years
A had I known
B did I know
C If I know
D If I would know
5 Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people the same language?
A spoke
B speak
C had spoken
D will speak
6 If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, this incident again
A I will never mention
B I never mention
Trang 6C will I never mention
D I don't mention
7 If I had known you were asleep, I so much noise when I came in
A didn't make
B wouldn't have made
C won't make
D don't make
8 Unless you all of my questions, I can't do anything to help you
A answered
B answer
C would answer
D are answering
9 Had you told me that this was going to happen, I it
A would have never believed
B don't believe
C hadn't believed
D can't believe
10 If Jake to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A doesn't agree
B didn't agree
C hadn't agreed
D wouldn't agree
11 J: "John went to the hospital alone"
K: "If , I would have gone with him"
A had he told me
B he had told me
C he has told me
D he would tell me
12 If you , I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watch T.V, but I didn't want to bother you
A had studied
B studied
C hadn't studied
D didn't study
13 Peter: "Did you need help with your Math last night?"
Mary: "If I had needed, I you"
A would call
B called
C would have called
D will call
14 If someone in to the store, smile and say, "May I help you?"
A comes
B came
C come
Trang 7D should come
15 "Here's my phone number"
"Thanks I'll give you a call if I some help tomorrow"
A will need
B need
C would need
D needed
16 If I didn't work for an accounting firm, I in a bank now
A work
B will work
C have worked
D would work
17 The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions improved
A was
B is
C were
D had been
18 The education in Japan if the basic principles of education had not been taken into consideration
A would go down
B would have gone down
C went down
D had gone down
19 If there , the rice fields could have been more productive
A had been enough water
B were enough water
C would be enough water
D are enough water
20 The patient will not recover unless he an operation
A had undergone
B would undergo
C undergoes
D was undergoing
21 If she him, she would be very happy
A would meet
B will meet
C met
D should meet
22 If he a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post
A had had
B had
C has
D has had
Trang 823 If I had enough money, I abroad to improve my English
A will go
B would go
C went
D should have go to
24 The bench would collapse if they on it
A stood
B stand
C standing
D stands
25 If it convenient, let's go out for a drink tonight,
A be
B is
C was
D were
Đáp án:
1 C 2 A 3 B 4 A 5 A
6 A 7 B 8 B 9 A 10 C
11 B 12 C 13 C 14 A 15 B
16 D 17 C 18 B 19 A 20 C
21 C 22 A 23 B 24 A 25 B
Exercise V Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct type 1 conditional sentence
1 If I (to study) , I (to pass) the exams
2 If the sun (to shine) , we (to walk) into town
3 If he (to have) a temperature, he (to see) the doctor
4 If my friends (to come) , I (to be) very happy
5 If she (to earn) a lot of money, she (to fly) to New York
6 If we (to travel) to London, we (to visit) the museums
7 If you (to wear)sandals in the mountains, you (to slip) on the rocks
8 If Rita (to forget) her homework, the teacher (to
give) her a low mark
9 If they (to go) to the disco, they (to listen) to loud music
10 If you (to wait) a minute, I (to ask) my
parents
11 If you (eat) _an ice-cream, I (have) _a hot
chocolate
12 If she (need) _a computer, her brother (give) _her his computer
Trang 913 If we (have / not) _time this afternoon, we (meet)
_
14 He (talk) _to her if you (want / not) _to do it
15 You (win / not) _the game if you (know /
not) _the rules
Đáp án:
1 If I study , I will pass the exams
2 If the sun shines , we will walk into town
3 If he has a temperature, he will see the doctor
4 If my friends come , I will be very happy
5 If she earns a lot of money, she will fly to New York
6 If we travel to London, we will visit the museums
7 If you wear sandals in the mountains, you will slip on the rocks
8 If Rita forgets her homework, the teacher will give her a low mark
9 If they go to the disco, they will listen to loud music
10 If you wait a minute, I will ask my parents
11 If you eat an ice-cream, I will have a hot chocolate
12 If she needs a computer, her brother will give her his computer
13 If we do not have time this afternoon, we will meet tomorrow
14 He will talk to her if you do not want to do it
15 You will not win the game if you do not know the rules
Exercise VI Using the given information, make conditional sentences using
“IF”
1 Go to Corfu You will like it
→ If you _
2 Don't hurry You will not make mistakes
→ Unless you _
3 Will you see her? Say hello to her
→ If you _
4 Be careful You will not fall down
→ Provided that _
5 You mustn't panic You will manage it
→ If you _
6 She can't give it up She will succeed
→ In case _
Đáp án:
1 If you go to Corfu, you will like it
2 Unless you hurry, you will not make mistakes
3 If you see her, say hello to her
4 Provided that you are careful, you will not fall down
5 If you do not panic, you will manage it
6 In case does not give it up, she will succeed
Exercise VII Chia các động từ sau
1.If today _ (to be/not) cold, we would go swimming
Trang 102 If I throw an object away, it _ (drop)
3 If Hoang (to be) to study harder, he would get good marks
4 If Kim _ (to be/not) lazy, she wouldn’t have failed her exam
5 If they _ (go/not) to her birthday party tomorrow, they would be very angry
6 If Lin (know) his father’s telephone number, I would give it to you
7 If I learnt English harder, I (pass) the test yesterday
8 If Nam _ (see) her, he would have said ‘hello’
9 If my sister (miss) the bus, she would have been late for her interview
10 If it don’t rain, I and my best friends _ (go) out
Đáp án:
1.weren’t (do mệnh đề sau chia ở quá khứ – câu điều kiện loại 2)
2 will drop (do mệnh đề trước chia ở thì hiện tại đơn – câu điều kiện loại 1)
3 were (do mệnh đề sau chia ở quá khứ – câu điều kiện loại 2)
4 weren’t (do mệnh đề sau chia ở quá khứ – câu điều kiện loại 2)
5 didn’t go (do mệnh đề sau chia ở quá khứ – câu điều kiện loại 2)
6 knew (do mệnh đề sau chia ở quá khứ – câu điều kiện loại 2)
7 would pass (do mệnh đề trước chia ở thì quá khứ đơn)
8 saw (do mệnh đề sau chia ở quá khứ – câu điều kiện loại 2)
9 had missed (do mệnh đề sau chia ở quá khứ hoàn thành – câu điều kiện loại 3)
10 will go (do mệnh đề trước chia ở thì hiện tại đơn – câu điều kiện loại 1)
Exercise VIII Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong câu bên dưới
1.He wouldn’t drink this wine if I was him
2 They’d go abroad in the winter if they don’t have a young baby
3 If his leg was broken, it would hurt more
4 Hoa wouldn’t have some money if she didn’t work
5 Wind ’ll have a look If he finds it, he would give it to her
Đáp án:
1.was ➔ were (câu điều kiện loại 2)
2 don’t ➔ didn’t (câu điều kiện loại 2)
3 was ➔ were (câu điều kiện loại 2)
4 some ➔ any (câu phủ định không dùng some)
5 would ➔ will (câu điều kiện loại 1)
Exercise IX Make the first, second or third conditional
1) (Third conditional) If the students (not/be) late for the exam, they (pass) 2) (Third conditional) If the weather (not/be) so cold, we (go) to the beach 3) (Second conditional) If she (have) her laptop with her, she (email) me
4) (First conditional) If she (not/go) to the meeting, I (not/go) either
5) (Third conditional) If the baby (sleep) better last night, I (not/be) so tired 6) (First conditional) If the teacher (give) us lots of homework this weekend, I (not/be) happy
7) (Second conditional) If Lucy (have) enough time, she (travel) more
8) (First conditional) If the children (not/eat) soon, they (be) grumpy
9) (First conditional) If I (not/go) to bed soon, I (be) tired in the morning