DeUfmlj^ S612 2015 CIAO DUCO NUCIC NGOAI 57 QUYEN LUC MEM CHfNH SACH CUA HOA KY VA CAI CACH GIAO DUC DAI HOC A VIET NAM • • • • (Kin MARY BETH MARKLEI NCS George Mason University TS MAI VAN TINH Ban n[.]
Trang 1CIAO DUCO NUCIC NGOAI
57
QUYEN LUC MEM - CHfNH SACH CUA HOA KY
VA CAI CACH GIAO DUC DAI HOC A VIET NAM
• • • •
(Kin
MARY BETH MARKLEI
NCS George Mason University
TS MAI VAN TINH
Ban nghiin cflu & phan tich ehinh saeh thupc Hifp hpi cic trfldng DH & C D Vift N a m
GIGllTHlIU
Hoa I ^ v l Vift Nam efi chung didi diera bat hfia vl dau thfldng
troi^ lidi sfi, nhflng thdi gian da trfii qua ke tfl khi cufic ehiln tranh
cau hoa, i ^ y hdm nay d l dem hai nfldc tid Igi vdi nhau, Mfla he
nim 2015 dlnh diu 20 nim k^ nifm blnh thfldng hda quan hf gifla
Hoa I ^ v l Vift Nam, GDDH d l ttd dianh phfldng tifn chfi ylu d l
hai nfldc tim ra nhtog dau mdi tiln Iln va vupt qua dupe qui khfl
Cliang hgn, moi nam h i i ^ i^hin sinh vien \^f t Nam dflpc tuyen
vio hpc cic dgi hpc v i cao dang d Hoa I^, \4 ele k l hogch dai^
chuyin dfing d l thinh 1 ^ Dgi hpe Fulbright Vift Nam dfla tren mfi
hhih GDDH Hoa Y^ Tiong khi tiln Uinh hpi nhgp siu hdn vdi Hoa
I ^ (vl vdi phan edn Igi efia thi gidi) dfla la cd hpi ning cao thjnh
vflpng kinh le va x l hfii eho Vift Nara, nd cflng tgo ra cic dilu ki|n
thac d p i ^ Iflc thuc day gifla Vift Nam v i Hoa Kj- khi Vift Nara cdi
each hf thong GDDH cfia minh Dilu nay chfing td Vift Nara tfi lau
da rad efia hpe tap vk dp dyng j tfldng cua cac nfldc - miln li cic
y hidng v i quan nifm dd cd lpi v l cd the thich nghi dflpc vdi vdn
hda npi dja (2*) Doi^ thdi, nfi cfing diay d e chinh sdch vd thflc
tiln nfldc ngoii efia Hoa I ^ an siu vio cdc y nifm chfi nghia ngogi
If My (3*) Nhfl i^y i ^ d i My tirong cdc dgi hpe cfia minh d l tin
diac ring GDDH Hoa k^ dflpe md td nhfl " t h ^ ngi tren thi gidi"
Nhfli^ khic bift niy tgo ra sfl cang thai^ ma famieson railu td nhfl:
Vift Nam la mfit nfldc tfl lau da kit lugn rang ed mpt via "dch radi
cfia phfldng Tay cfi thi cd gil trj d l md phdng" (trang.59), trong khi
Hoa I ^ Igi 11 nfldc qud sin s i i ^ gii thilt rang cic nfldc khac dang
g i d i ^ mudn hay phii gifing nhfl nfldc mmh" (4*),
Mye dich bdi viet nhim xlc l|p giai doan khai thic sau hdn vl
quan nifm efing tde giao Iflu van hda trong C D D H da tiln tiiln
sudt may thgp ky qua nhfl thi nio vd cd the dflpe hinh dung Igi ra
sao Nhfing tim tdi rflt ra tfl dfl hfu sd elp vd thfi cap, cic bdo cao
trin phfldng tifn thdng tin dgi chflng vd phfing vin trflc tilp cac
n h i ^ a o dye quin ly, hpc gii, n h i nghiin cdu GDDH Vift Nara, va
ck cflu quan diflc ehinh phfi, nhflng ngfldi trflc tiep nghien cflu v i
chfl ylu da dfla Vift Nara ehuyen tfl nen kinh ti kilra sodt t% trung
sang nen kinh t l thj trfldng djnh hfldng xa hpi chfi nghla
Bdi CANH VA CAC OjNH NGHTA
GDDH dang trd thdnh flu tiln hing diu doi vdi cdc nfldc dang
phit tiriln vi nd la nin ting eho cd hdi cfia nen ldnh t l tri thflc - ddi
vdi ci cae ei nhan cfing nhfl cdc nflfic rili^ 11 Sy xult hif n nen ldnh
te tiri difle cung tgo ra thj trfldng radi eho cdc nha cung d p GDDH
d eac nfldc cfing nghifp, gom el Hoa KJ: Nhu eau GDDH tren todn bat m i y nghia efia nd edn dang ed nhilu tranh cai Xft tfi buih difn GDDH, Altbach, Reisbeig vi Rumbley dfla ra mfit djnh nghw kha bdi nen kinh te toan cau, thfing tin mdi vl thfing tin liln ^c i^ly
cing tich hpp, xult hifn mgng tii thflc thi gidi, [vl] vai trfi cfia tilng
Anh" Trong khi hp lgp lugn iang d c xu thi nay "nam i^odi sfl kilra soil efia cae cd sd dao tgo hin lira" (trang 7), (5*) thi ele ehinh phfi
vi cdc cd sd ddo tgo Igi dang phin flng vdi loan elu hda nhfl mfit
van de ehinh sleh Qudc t l hda dfldc dung nhfl thugt ngfl di md t i
sfl phan u[ng niy, va nfi Ifii klo phoi^ trio xuyin quoc gia bai^ d c h kit hdp sinh viln, giao viln vi d c chflPng trinh, vin bing va cd sd
dio tgo (6*) Gan hen vdi toin cau hda vi qufic t l hfia li ele quan
nifm vl chfi nghla tfl do mdi va chfi nghia difle ddn mdi Chfi nghia thUPng mgi xuat hifn vao thip k^ 70s, dflpc cfing co vio t h ^ ky' 80s thfing qua cdc ehinh sleh do Tong thfing Hoa ky Ronald Reagan
vi Thfi tiidng Anh Ma^aret Thatcher ban hdnh difii dd Dfii vdi djnh thfldng mgi efia WTO cd hieu lyc tfi 1995 ldm cho GDDH trd thinh hang hfia trao doi, Nhfihg ngfldi ung hp chfi nghia tfl do rafii eho rai^ ty do thfldng mgi cdi tiln cd hfii tiidnh cong eho tat ca
d e nfldc tiiam gia thj tnidng todn d u (7*), trong khi nhflng i ^ d i phf phin Igi eho rang thj tirfldng hda ldm tang nhanh sfl xa rcri cdc nguyin tac dan chfl xa hpi vl tiln tdi it cdng b l i ^ xd hpi hdn, djnh hfldng nhieu vio tinh hifu qui hdn (8*) NhQng ngfldi phin ddi cung ndi cdc dieu kien ti^ do mdi tgo ra rafii trflimg cho diu i^hia tfl do mdi ma Altbach vd Kelly xlc dinh la tgo ra "cdc chinh sdch cfi
Trang 258
chfi y cfia nhflng nfldc cdng nghifp hda de duy til sfl thfing trj cfla
hp" (trang 30) (1*) Hp gin nhfli^ chinh sdch ndy vdo ede chlnh
sich vifn trp nfldc ngodi nhfl vifn tip tdi chinh vi tfl vSn ky thugt
Trong khdo sit mdi dly cfia minh vi ck chfldng trinh hd tirp tfl
nudc ngodi d dilu Phi, SamofFvi Carrol nhgn xet ilng ngfin ngfl
xui^ quanh vifn trp nfldc i^oai dflpc lira raem hfia de gpi y rafii
quan hf mang tuih cpng tde hdn Hp dfla ra nit d|c tiifl phin bift
gifla hd trp nfldc ngodi vd dfil tic diflc sfl, m l hp xic djnh doi tie
thyc sy Id "mfii quan hf gifla d e bin buih ding ed bin rage dau cd
sfl khde nhau ve trgng tiidi, kinh nghifm, kiln thflc chuyin rafin vi
kinh te" (trang 27) (9*) Hp ndi, dfii tie 11 "sfl cpng lac ml ed till ky
vpng rapt d c h hpp \y- di dfii ben cung cd lpi (mgc dfi khfing nhat
thilt gtfii^ hft nhau), ring se gfip phin phdt triln ning Iflc d nhin
v l the chl cho ca hai, vi tfin tirpng chfi quyen, ty chfi cfia nhau"
KHUNG KHAI NIEM
Nhflng lo i^gi vl toin cdu hda da phin Inh d c xu thi ifing hdn
Khi gin vdi GDDH chfing tdi cho rang quan hf gifla Hoa I ^ vi
Vift Nam Ilm ngang hing rad hlnh cdt Idi-ngogi vi cfia If thuylt
hf thfing the gidi xuat hifn tfi t h ^ 1^ 1940s khi Piebiseh va Singer
gin elu tific thj trfldng toin clu vdi mau hinh ed chap bat binh
ding tren toin die gidi (10*) Wallerstein sfl dyng quan nifm ndy
d l chflng tfi mfii quan hf gifla d c nfldc kim quyin lye hdn (nudc
Ngogi vi) nhflng nfldc ed quyin Iflc hfln (nfldc Cfit loi) vl nhflng
nfldc Bin i^ogi vi (Ii nfldc efi tiidi 11 Cfit Ifii nhfing dang mat dan
quyin lyc \ ^ Inh hfldng efia n ^ h ) O i ^ 1 ^ lugn ring cdc qufic gia
(dfi li kim phit triln, dang phit triln hay da cfing nghifp hda) co
thi chi dflpc hilu trong bdi cdnh rpng Idn hdn 11 chfi nghra tfl bin
(11") Sfl dui^ mfi hhih vl ngfin ngfl hldng tfl Galtung (1971) xdc
d c thugt ngfl qufic gia Trung tdm va quoc gia Ngogi vi, rad d radi
nudc diu efi trung lira vi ngogi vi Trong cai ma fing gpi li "cau trfic
4 chilu efia ehu nghia d l qufic" (Galtiing, 1981 tiang 191) fing xac
djnh 6 mfii quan hf cfi till efi ben tiong va gifla Tiung tam vi trung
tim, Ngogi vi vi ngogi vi cfia tfing nfldc (fflnh I) VI d i m i ngfldi
ta chi dfla tiln stf hdi hda ldi ich Id cac trung tam cia Trung tam va
' Ngogi vi, Bon d i cd sif Ididng hot hda hi ich (vi dy, trung tam va
ngogi vi nam ben trong rafii qudc gia Trung tara vi qufic gia Ngogi
vi, vi gifia cic ngogi vi efia mfii qude gia) (12*)
I ^ N ? ^ I
pC- • p P
hatmodvof interest dishafmonyof interest
T A I u e u T H A M K H A O
Hmh L Cdu tiiic bdn phdn chu nghia diqude eua Galtimg,
trong dd cC= trung tdm eua nUde Trung tdm, cP = trung tdm
cda nUde Ngogi vi pC= ngogi vi cda nUdc trung tdm, vd pP=
ngogi vi eua nUdc Ngogi vi SU hdi hoa lai ich cht ngang hdng
gida cdc trung tdm cda nUdc Trung tdm vd Ngogi vi mgc dii
mdi quan he gida ngogi vi cua cdc nUdc trung tdm vd trung
Trong cufin sdch vdi nhan d l ed vl khilu khfch "Gido dycnhu mft chu nghia de qudc ran hda" Camoy ^ gan "y thfic hf ci!a tinh hifu qua" (trang 31) trong gilo dye nhi tiildi^ v ^ sfl ndi Ifn quyin bd diti cfia My sau 1945 Bang d c h niy 6 i ^ % Iu|n r l i ^ d c i^ lyc kinh t; dya vao tiij trfldng Ilm gia tang d c chfnh sach vl thyc tiln gilo doc dan bM phdn bo thu n h ^ khfing bhih ding d d trong d c nfldcjdn trf n toin du d i ^ Iy gidi vai trd cfla gilo dye chinh qui tgo ra vi duy tri "dc quan hf thflc ddn" nhfl mfit v& d l cfia chinh sich dfii i^ji
m i den Iflpt nfinh nd nhin mgnh giio dye nhi bildng djnh hiK^ tinh hifu qua ehi mai^ ] ^ Ipi ieh eho d c nfldc tfl bin quyen lyc, l i Rflt ra tfl lugn dilra efia Galtiu^ fing qui quylt rai^:
"Trung tdm eda mdt qudc ffa tii bdn tiin tien (Trungtdm) A^tiivi tii tivng tdm ti-ong quie gia Nffigi vi bang viin trd qudn sif, hd trdl^ thudt vd cdc khodn cho vay vd tdi tT<f "phdt trietf ffUa chinh pftd v^ TrungtdmndmtimgnUdcN^dvidUdehUdnglditdqugnhini^ phdnchiaselMngednddivequyinlUcdiaditrivdsdnf4^^tocddn cda cdc nude dugc duy tri bdi diiu niy" (trang 46)
Quan dilm chinh cilia Cannoy li d c trung tim d nhflng nudc (tu bin) Cfit Ifii, cung vfii cdc tirung Ura d ele nflfic Ngogi vi, Il nhflng ndi hfldng lpi ich hang dau cfla nhflng mfii quan hf tfl k^o dii mai, vl rang Hoa kj^ 11 qufic gia lanh dgo khdng ai ttanh ^dnh dflpc tioi^ thi gidi tfl ban" (tirang 47) (13")
Mdi gan day Tikly gpi y clu trflc tmng tam-ngogi vi vin nguyfn v?n, nghili^ vl "chl dfi thdng tn tiiln cau mdi i^yu:vv bio d ^ cdc lpi ich cfia Hoa ky vdi d e ddng minh phfldng Tay ra eik chfi nglua
tu bin toin cau mfit each chung chung hdn" (fl-ang 173) Nhfii^fing nhgn xet mpt tiiay doi quan trpng: Mgc diu "Chfi i^ila dl qufic mdi" dflpc din dat bdi d c nflfic quyin Iflc, nhflng nfldc niy xlc nh$n chii nghia de qufic dfldi sfl bio trp efia hpp tic da qufic gia vi cic cfl quan
1940s Chang hgn, GATS da lam cho dc nflfic quyen Iflc hdn deddng
xuat khau GDDH sang d c nfldc it quyin I ^ hdn (14*) Knight va de Wit xae # i h mfit bfi Iy do can bin, khuyfii khfdi
va bifn hfi cho vifc vi sao cdc nfldc cd quyin Iflc nhilu hay ft hm
Igi qudc t l hfia he tiidng GDDH cfia hp, Ve ck myc dich kinh tivi
chinh trj, vifc qufic te hda phyc vy tang trfldng kinh t i v i ddo tgo sinh vifn cho lao dfing togn clu, cdi tiln hogc duy tii t^ogi giao dug tao ra eac ddng thu nhap radi (ddi vdi nfldc tuyin dnh viln ngo?i qufic), vi gia tang nai^ Ifle (dfii vdi nfldc khfing cd i ^ 6 n lyc dl cung GDDH) Ve myc dich vin hda vi giio dye, nd Ii cd xe de mfit so niidc xuat khau d c gil tij dgo dflc vl ran hda qufic giai no cfing phyc vg ndng cao nhan thfic va hilu bilt van hda, tiifla nhjn vl tang cfiifflg tinh dfic lap cfia xa hfii toin eau, md rfing t i ^ cgn cdc ngufin li/c giao dye nhii la d c tiifl viln, vl cfi tilm nang de n l i ^ cao chit hiyi^ nghien cflu va giio dye (15*)
Da cfi nhit tii gpi y rang phin fing cfia nha tnidng vl todn cau hia/ quoc t l hfia cd till cd sfl diong dfii ra/hoge nhfing hdu qui khong
chfl -y, cy till li vdi nhflng nfldc ngogi vi C3iai^ h ^ , Hifp hfi qii6c
t l d e tiidng d 4 hpc lAU (16*) nh|n xet rang sfl trpn Iln cdc dfng
CO cfi thi dan tdi ngoai bien hfia, khai tiidc vd ddng nhat hda vl m?t van hfia d c nfldc kim quyen Iflc hdn, Tuy nhiln, Vah^ dfla ram^tV thuylt co tinh giai phap lgc quan hdn khi lap lugn ring "sfl phdn iing dja phflpng hda dfii vdi d c qui frinh toin d u hfia" (trai^ 483) d
Trang 3dfing h h h dj chit vl tfi chflc, d c tiidng dgi hpc vi d c chinh phu se
chia se d e ^ hidng v l sy hilu bilt siu sie vl clu tiiic td ehflc, nhfli^
Hun tiifch i^hi va lfla chpn ele y tUdng tiiin cau theo nhfli^ cdch
riing, dgc thfl (17*)
Trong lue dd d c nhi i ^ l n cflu Igi thach thflc tinh pho quit eua
d e quan nifm v l tiiflc tiln gido dye phfldng Tay Tilng Anh, ngfin
i ^ gidd dye toan elu cd net dfic ddo cfia vfldm fldm bao quanh todn
bfi v i cd dfi xdc tiiflc tfit cfia chfi i^hia thye dan radi, tdc dpng din
diiWi^ tiinh dio tgo, sfl phgm hpc va 13I0 dye (18*) De xlc djnh cdc
flu tiln, thach thflc hing dau tiong phin flng ciia nfinh vffi toan elu
hfia, d c nhi lanh dgo dgi hpc d Vift Nam tiifldng bat diu vdi nhu clu
dao tgo tilng Anh (19*) Vife nhin mgnh vio tieng Anh dat nhflng
ngfldi Wifing phU bin i ^ vio the bat lpi cd bdn, vi lira mat gia tii
cfia tili^ m? de II chi diu quan trpng cua bdn sac van hda vd cdch
nhgn biet bin dja (20*) Vifc nhin nuinh vio ti&ig Anh cung nglm
sdu vdo cfii^ vifc cfia GDDH: Nd li i^dn ngfl cfia d e nha xult bin
vl cd sd dfl Ufu hpc thugt
Tfldng tii, vifc sin xuat v l phin phdt tri thfic dupc d u trfic
rpng k h ^ qua cdc thau kinh phfldng Tay (dgc bift 11 cfla Hoa ky)
Ei^erman (2007) nh|n xft sfl xult hifn trong tiidl ^ chiln tiranh
Ignh d c khii nifm kieu My nhfl ele nghif n cflu linh vflc vd nghien
cfiu d nfldc ngoai, trong khi Altbach (2011) nhgn xet vl tinh dgi
chflng lan rfii^ cfia chfldi^ trinh dao tgo thgc sy kieu My vi qudn
trj kinh doanh Hon nfia, cdc nha nghiin cflu lien van hda nhdn
iKt vi tilm ning eho d c ed hfii giy thif t hgi vd bd sdt khi each dgy
vd hpc kilu phfldng Tiy bj dp dgt vio cdc nin van hda phi phfldng
Tly(21*)
Chai^ bgn, rad hinh hpc hpp tdc Ideu phfldng Tay, khi giio viln
phye vy nhfl ngfldi hfldng din hay xuc tic, d l thanh cfing d ldp
hpc phfldng Tay, nhflng cd the lam suy ylu vifc hpe trong ldp hpc
bj inh hfldng biA dgp Khdt^ ncA ma ngflcri thay du.(fc tdn kinh vd
khfii^ the bj tiidch thfle mpt d c h eong khai (22*) Tfldng tii, sfl
ddnh gii kin dio cfia ddng nghifp, mdt tiiflc tien trong hpe tap hpp
tic, cd the tgo ra sfl cai^ thang trong ^ ^ hfia dgo Khong, noi rad sy
tin cay vi ca dnh li nhflng dilu quan tirpng nhit (23*) Cic hpc gil
eui^ chfi y tdi nhflng gpi y khi thfle tien nghiin cfiu bdt ngufin tii
phfldng Tiy dflpc dp dung vio cdc nin van hfia va khai thdc cdc giii
p h ^ lya chpn (24*)
TAI U£U THAM KHAO
1)* Altbach, P.G., &I&lly, G.P (1978) Education and Colonialism
New Yoik: Longman; Nguyen, R, Elliott, J G, Terlouw, (2009)
Neocolonialism in education: Cooperative Learning in an Asian
Context Comparative Education, 45(1), 109-130; Nguyen, T K Q
(2011) Gtobalization and Higher Education in Vietiiam joumd of
biterdisciplinary Stiidies, 23(1/2), 117-136; Tran, T T (Ed.) (2013a),
Is the learning approach of students from the Confucian heritage
culture problematic? Educational Research for Policy and
Pradia,J2(l) 57-65
2*) Bao, D.Q (2012, AugustJ 105 years of Dong Kinh Nghia Thue
{l%7-2012):Lessonsfi)rEducationReform Today Seminar at French
Culture Centre, Hanoi.; Doan, VH (1971) The Development of
ModemHt^erEducationinVietNam:aFocusonCulturdandSocio-Politied Forces (Doctoral Dissertation), Florida State University;
Thien,T.T (1973) Higher Education in a Transitional Country
59
Hoop, &.Y., Ed.) Development of Higher Education in Southeast Asia: Problems and Issues Singapore: Regional Instihite of
Higher Education and Development; Thiep, L.Q (2006) The Releranee to Vietnam of Higher Education in America In Lam
Quang Thiep, D B Johnson & R Altbach Hi^er Education in America (Ch, 2) Vietiiara: Education Publishing House; Tian, L., Maiginson,, (2014) Higher education in Vietnam: Flexibility, mobility and practicality in the ^obal knowledge economy
Palgrave Maemillan
3*) Lipset, M.S {l996)American Exeeptionahsm New York:
W.WNorton&Co
4*) Jamieson, N L (1995) Understan^ng Vietium Berkeley:
University of California Press
5*) Altbach, R G, Reisberg, L, & Rumbley L, (2010) Trends
in globd higher education: Ti^addng an academic revolution Paris:
UNESCO Pub
6*) Altbach, E G., St Knight, J (2007) The Internationahzation of
Higher Education: MoUrations and Realities Joumal of Stiidies in Intemational Education, ni3-4),290-305\
7*) Wildavsky B (2010) The Great Brain Rcgx: How Globd Universities Are Reshaping the World Princeton: University Press
8*) Hursh, D (2009) Beyond tiie Justice of tiie Market Combatting Neoliberal Educational Discourse and Promoting
Deliberative Democracy and Economic Equality In Handbook of Socialjustice in Education (pp 152-164) New YorfcRoutledge
9*) Samoff J„ & Carrol, B (2004) The Promise of Partiiership and Continuities of Dependence: External Support to Higher Education
in Africa, African Stiidies Review, 47(1) 67-199
10*) Toye, J 8t Toye, R (2002) The Origms and hiterpretation of
die Prebisch-Sii^ei Thesis History cf Politied Economy, 35,437-467
11 *) Wallerstein I, (1974) The rise and futiu-e demise of the world
capitahst system- concepts for coraparative analysis Comparative stiidies in sodety and history, i6(04), 387-415
12*) Galhing, J, (1971), A Stiiictiiral Theory of Imperialism
Journal of Peace Research, 9(2), 81-117 Retrieved frora
Galtung, J (1981) A Stiiiclural Theory of Iraperialism ~ Ten Years Later Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 9(3), 18M96
13*) Carnoy M (1974) Education as cultural imperialism New
York: D, McKay CcEngerman, D C (2007) Beraatii Lecture: 3i(4),599- 622
14*) Tikly, L, (2004) Education and the New Imperialism
Comparative Education, 40(2), 173-198
15*) Knight, J & de Wit, H (1995) Stirategies for Internationalization of higher education: Historical and conceptual
penpectives In H de Wit (Ed.), Strategies for hitemationdization of Hi^er Education Retrieved frora http://www.uni-kasseLde
16*) Intemational Association of Universities (2012, V^ril)
Affirming Academic Values in Internationalization of Hi^er Education: A Call for Action, Paris; Autiior.The Intemational Forum for Social Development (2006) Sodd Justice in an Open World: The Role of the United Nations Department
of Economic and Social Affairs, Division for Social Pohcy and Development New York; United Nations
Trang 463
tic cfia chfi nghia sieu thfle Nhflng rd ring, dilm khic
bift cd bin l i d chfi: chfl nghia siiu flifle Ii nhflng tim
kilm thudn tfiy tham my, dung chfia y mudn trdn chay
thflc tgi tfl bin chfi nghla ciia cic nha van phfldng Tay
thi chfi nghia hifn thfle huyin do cfia d c n h i van My
Latinh Id cdng cy d l khim phd vd dan tiiln vio tiiflc tgi
dau tiifldi^ Nd diln ta Ifldng tdm dich fliyc efia Thi gidi
thfl Ba, titc li nhflng x l hpi dflpc tgo thinh cfi mfit nfla
tirong dfi cai cfi cd ve khdng thflc chong Igi cdi mcfi lira
cho ngfldi ta sp, trong dd sfl tiiam nhung thoi nat efing
efing efla dira elm quyen v i ndi khiep sp rili^ tfl eua
tflng ngfldi, tit d diu tid thdnh hiln iJuen
K ^ LUAN
Mfit flii^e t l Id: khdng chl cd ngfldi din Chau My
din da dd, da den mdi dfla ra dflpc nhflng nhan quan
dj bift Theo nguyfn tie sdng tic cfla chfl nghia hifn
thfle huyen ao, bat ky mfit mien dat n i o trin hlnh tinh
niy cfing ton tgi nhflng dilu k^ difu Chfi nghia hifn
thflc huyen io cfing khfing phii 11 trao lflu van hpc chl
cd d My Latinh, nhflng ed the ndi rang dly l i minh
huyin do./
TAILI£UTHAMKHAO
1 Le Huy Bac (2009) ChU nghia hien thUc huyen do
& Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Nxb Gido due Vift Nam
2 Ll Ba Hin chfi biln (2006) TU diin thudt ngd vdn
hgc, Nxb Giao dye
3 Mark P.O Morford, Robert J.Lenardonp985),
Cl(«sicfl/Myf/ioIo^, third edition, Longman, NewYork
and London
4 Mydiohgy,
, 04/07/2012
5 Nguyen Dfle Nam (1975), Mgt khuynh hUdng
tivng tiiu thuyit hiin tiin bd ngdy nay d Chdu My
Latinh: Chu nghia hien thUe huyen do, Tgp chi van hpe
sfi 1 nam 1975, fr l i b -120
^?a TAT
Chd nghia hi^n thttc huyen do My Latinh da mang
den nhung lan gid mdi cho nen van hgc the gidi Bdi
viit tdp trung phdn tich nhimg dgc trung cua chu
ngkia hien thuc huyen do My Latinh voi cdc ngi dung,
thudt ngd chu nghTa hien thtfc huyen do, Vdi net ve
vdn hgc My Latinh; Vd su ra dai, tien trinh phdt then
nhdng dgc diem cua chu nghTa hien thuc huyen do
My Latinh
SUMMARY , „ , ,
Latin America Magic Realism has brought the new
wins for the world literaUire This paper focuses on
andyzing the characteristics of Latin America Ma^c
Redism, include in contents: the term of "Ma^e
Realism", some characteristics of Latin America, and
theforming development process and the characteristics
QUYEN LliC MEM
(Tlip theo tirang 59)
17*) Vaira, M (2004) Globalization and higher education o^anizational
change: A framework for analysis Higher education, 48(4), 483-510
18*) Phan, Lil (2013) Issues sunroundmg Ei^lish, flie intemationalisation
of highei education and national cultural identity in Asia: a focus on Japan
Criticd Stiidies in Education, 54(2), 160-175; PhiUipson, R (1992) ELT: flie native speaker's burden? ELT Joumal 46(1), 12-18 doi;10.1093/elt/46,1.12
19*) Minh, D V (2014) The hitemational Cooperation for Enhandng
Quality Education oflhaiNguyen University, Vietnam In Proceeding ofAeSdt Engaging With VietNam - an Interdisdplinary Dialogue Conferencednte^ating Knowledge: The Multiple Ways of Knowing Vietiiam (pp 184-188) Viefriam: Thai Nguyen University Publishing House; Nguyen, VK & Tran, VK
(2013) Opportiinities and Challenges for Vietnam's Higher Education m the Globalisational Process: Experiences Frora Hanoi University of Sodal Sciences and Humanities Retrieved from ; Nhi, T T, & Gross,
S, (2014) East Meets West: A Win-Win Modd for Visiting Fore^n Scholars
and Their Vietiiamese Counterparts In Proceeding of M 5di Enga^ng VW(ft VietNam •• an Interdisdplinary Didogue Conference: Integrating Knowledge: The Multiple Ways of Knowing Vietiiam (pp 189-198), Vietiiam:
Thai Nguyen University Publishing House; Vietnam Education Foundation
(2014) Observations on the Current Statiis ofHi^r Education in /^culturd Sciences, Civil En^neenngComputer Science, Eiectried Enffneerin^ Environmental Sciences, Physics, and Transport and Communications at Sdect Universities in Vietnam Retrieved from
20*) Fals-Borda, O., & Mora-Osejo L E (2003) Context and Diffusion of Knowledge A Critique of Eurocentiisra Action Researdt, J(l), 29-37
21*) Altbach, P.G (2011) Globalization and flie University: Realities m an Unequal World Tran, T T (2013b) Limitation on tiie devdopment of skills
R (n.d.) Education Ministry Supports Formation of Chuiai Tvy L e ^ e '
Retrieved frora h\ip.ll ; 22*) Nguyen ?., (2009), NeocoloniaHsm in education: Cooperative Learning
in an Asian Context Comparative Education, 45(1) 109-130
23*) Nguyen P Terlouw C & Pilot, A (2005) Cooperative leamu^ vs Confudan heritage culture's collectivism: confrontation to reveal some culhiral
conflicts and mismatch, Asia Europe Joumal, 3(3), 403-419
24*) Park, J (2011) Metamorphosis of Confudan Heritage Cultuie and the
Possibility of an Asian Education Research Merfiodology Comparcdive Education, 47(3) 381-393; Yang, R (2011) Educational Reseaichui Confucian
395-405
Gido m:dgihoc(GDDH)ddti-d thdnh phUdngtienehiyeu^Hoakj'vdVtet Nam dm ra nhQng ddu mii tiin len vd vUdt qua dUdc qud khd dau tiiUdngeda chiin tranh Bdi viit khai thde cdc dgng life thuc ddy gfUa VietNam vd Hoa Ky khi Viet Nam ehuyen dot he thing GDDH tU md hinh nhd nUdc him sodt sang
md hinh cd thi tham ^a tot hdn vdo nen hnh titodn cdu
B^r education has become a key means by which United States and Vietiiam have sou^t to forge ties and transcend the painful past war This paper explores the dynamics between two countries as Vietnam shifts its higher education system from a state-eanti'olled model to one Mt can better
• participate in a global economy