i]inaaos!ip»ii« '''' ST"" ~~ ""TJ^^^^S ThS NghiSm Thi Uch ThS Dam Thj Thu Trang Hudng nghidp ddng vai trd rat quan trong trong vide dinh hudng chon nghe cho thd hd tre Lam tdt cdng tac hudng nghiep se gu[.]
Trang 1i]inaaos!ip»ii«-.'
ThS NghiSm Thi U c h ThS D a m Thj Thu Trang
Hudng nghidp ddng vai trd rat quan trong trong
vide dinh hudng chon nghe cho thd hd tre Lam tdt
cdng tac hudng nghiep se guip the he tre hiSu TO
nhiing ddi boi, ydu ciu cua nghe ddi vdi ngudi lao
ddng, cung nhu hieu duoc nhiing yeu td tac ddng
tdi ban than trong qua trinh chon nghe phu hop de'
cdng hien duac nhieu nhit cho xa hdi Vide chon
nghe ciia cac hoc sinh, sinh vidn chu ydu dua vao
cam tinh hoac theo trao luu cua xa hdi, ndn nhieu
sinh vien khi tdt nghiep nhung khdng xin duoc vide
lim dung vdi nginh nghe duoc dao tao Bai bao
trinh bay ting dung ky thuit logic md dd tu vin
hudng nghiep cho sinh men nhim khic phuc nhiing
nhuoc diem ve cac vin de cam tinh a trdn
MO DAU
Dinh hudng nghd ngMep vd vide lam cho sinh vidn
sau kM tdt ngMdp la mdt vin dd can dupe quan tdm
boi vi nd hdt site quan tiong khdng nhung ddi vdi
sinh vien, 0 a dinh, nha tmdng md edn cd y nghia
rit Idn ddi vdi xa hdi Vide di sai hudng tiong nghd
ngMep se mang ddn nMdu bit lpi tiong cudc sdng
cua sinh vidn sau nay Do dd, vide djnh hudng nghd
ngMdp Id mdt dieu tdi can tMet ddi vdi eac ban sinh vidn dang ngdi tidn ghi 0ang duong Nhung khdng phii ban tid nao cimg cd eai nhm ngMdm Mc vd dieu ndy
Hien nay, rat nMdu tmdng da ap dung ehuin diu
ra cho sinh vien sau kM tdt ngMep dd cd the do ludng dupe miic dd dat chuin vd cac khdi Mdn thiie cimg nhu ky nang nhim phuc vu lua chpn nghd ngMdp sau kM ra trudng Tuy nMen giua ehuan dau
ra va kdt qua da dat dupe cd thd d nhidu miie khac nhau ndn nMdu sinh vidn ciing ban khoan khdng bidt ehinh xac sau nay minh se lam nhiMg edng vide gi va d vi tii nao cho tMch hpp
Danh gia, tu vdn la mdt vide thudng gap tiong thue td Thudng tM ngudi ta danh gia dd phuc vu eho vide lua chon, M vin; danh gia dimg se lua ehpn dimg Trong nMdu tmdng hpp ngudi ta danh gia bing diem Tuy nMdn, khdng phii tmdng hpp nao danh gia bing didm eung cho ket qua hop ly
Vi du kM danh gia mite dd dat chuan ddu ra eiia sinh vidn, danh gia mdt gio giing day, ddnh gia mpt phuong dn giii quydt vin dd, danh gia trien vong ciia mdt nen Mnh td rat khd cM don thuan
Trang 2^ i i i n i r ^ ^ j ^ ^ ¥
cho bing mdt didm Vi thd can phai ed cdch
danh gia khic phu hpp hon
xay dung cae md hinh ddnh gia, tia vin
hudng ngMdp dua tien co sd eua ly thuydt
tip md Ii vin dd dupe nMdu nha khoa hpc
quan tdm ngMdn citu Tuy nMdn cdch M
van vin chii ydu dua vap eim quan, ciing
nhic va te nhat, nhu ehu yeu dya vao tdng
didm tiong sudt qua trinh sinh vien theo
hpc RO rang khdng phii tiong mpi phuong
dien cua qua trinh tu vin nhu vay eung cho kdt qua
du tdt Vi vgy ehimg tdi ngMdn eim va iing dyng
Men thuc va ky thudt vd logic mo di tu vin hudng
ngMdp cho smh vidn dd smh vien cd thd tu tin hon
kM lua ehpn cdng viec cho minh
LTNG DUNG LOGIC M O TRONG T U VAN
HUONG NGHIEP CHO S I N H V I E N
Nguyen tac chung
De dua ra mdt quydt dmh hpp ly tiong qud trinh M
van hudng ngMep, ta phai dya vao mdt chuin cho
tmdc Til chuin dd ta ed thd so sanh xem sinh vidn
' cd kha nang dat gin chuin den miie nao KM do ta
ein tinh dp Mong tu gitra ehuin md dd va eac gia tri
md nhap vao Neu gin chuan nao nhit tM ket qua
dat d miic dd de tii dd sinh vidn cd the lua chpn cho
minh mdt cdng vide tMch hpp nhat
Mdi ehuin cd 6 gia trj md Tuong iing vdi tgp vu
tru cd 6 phin tii va phii ed npi dung dd danh gia (la
cac Udu cM cu thd) Vdi mdi tieu cM ta quy dinh mdt
sd didm nhat dinh Vi du didm cho tidu cM I: Dat
ehuan vd Men thirc la 40 didm
Trang tinh mtic diem
Mdt trang tmh miie diem md la mdt ma tidn cd cdu
tnie chiia 8 cdt vd i ddng tiong dd i la sd tidu cM
Bing 1 la vi du vd tiang tinh miie diem md
Cdt ddu tien tiid Men sd thit ty tidu cM Tii cdt 2
ddn cdt 7 la eae didm md (gia tfl dO thudc| tirong ling vdi moi tidu cM tiong cdt diu Cdt thit 8 thd Mdn didm kdt ludn bing chii mdi tidu cM Cudi eimg
la tdng didm Tit tdng diem ta ed thd suy ra loai didm cua sinh vien
Thu tuc tu vin hudng nghiep cho sinh vien Cac gia tri diu vao:
- Tdp vu tni U, Cic t?ip md ehuin E (exeeUent),
V [very good), G (good), S (satisfactory), U (unsatisfactory), Didm 0 u a P(A), P(B), P(C), P(D), P(E)
- Cac tidu cM vd diem danh gia cua cac tidu cW eimg vdi gid tn cac dd thude tuong img vdi cdc tidu
cM ciia timg sinh vidn
Gia tri diu ra: Cdng vide phu hpp vdi mtic diem Thuat toan:
Vdi mdi mdt tieu cM sau kM cd 6 gia tri dp thudc, thue Mdn thuat toan sau:
1 Xet vdi tidu cM Oj bat M vd didn eac gia tri dp thude vao eac d Mong img vdi ddng thii i cho 6 cdt
tiong Fuzzy mark Vi gpi cac diem md Ft
2 Tmh dp Mong tii S: S(E, FJ S(V, FJ S(G, FJ S(S, Fj) S(U, FJ
Trong dd E, V, G, S, U Id cic tap md ehuin
3 Tun gia tn max tiong 5 gia tii tidn, ta cd the gii suringS^V;fj/Iamax
4 Tti gia tri Idn nhit tidn Ta so sanh va dua ra
Trang 3vdi cdc tap md chuin tai
gia tn S max dy Vi du
S ^ , Fj) la gia tii max, ta
so sanh ed B Mong img
vdiV
5 Lap lai qua tiinh tinh
nhu tidn ddi vdi tung tidu cM
6 Tinh toin tdng diem su dimg cdng thiic sau:
Total score =:^Z[^(e^)'*^g<)]
Trong dd T(0.i) la diem cho d gii tMdt Mong img
vdi tieu cM Q.i va gi la diem bing chit cua tidu cM
Q.1 suy ra bing each danh gia P(gi) la diem giua
cua diem ehii do
7 Dat tdng diem tiong ddng cudi ciia pMeu danh
gid Liy diem bing chu tuong iing vdi cic khoang
diem quy dinh
Trong biroc 4, gia tri max TO the xay ra d ei hai miie
dd, vi dy nhu S^, Fj) S(G, Fjj cd dp tuong tii bing
nhaa Ta lay gia tri cao hon tiong V va G Ii V
Liia chon cac t i e u chi va trpng so
Lua chon bd chi tidu danh 0a
Cd rit nhieu tidu chi nho dupe dua ra tiong qua
trinh danh 0 a vd chuin diu ra Vi du nhu smh vidn
sau kM tdt ngMdp ngdnh Quin til He thdng thdng
tin, ngoai nhiMg chuin ve Men thite giao due dai
cuang theo quy dinh cua Bd Giao dye
va Dao tao, edn phai nim vimg nhimg
nguydn ly quy luat tu nMdn xa hdi,
cd du Men thtic vd ly luan chinh tri,
Mnh te xa hdi ciia nganh nhu cd Men
thiic CO b i n ve Miih te, quin Iy vd
xa hdi de tiep thu Mdn tiuic gido due
chuyen ngMdp; Dim bio Mdn thue
cdn ban, cap nhat va phat tridn ve
He thong thdng tm quan ly
Tuy nMdn, neu Udt kd het cac tieu
cM dua ra danh gia tM cd the ddn
Tieu chi 1: Dat chuan v6 Men thiic Tieu clli 2; Dat chuan ve Ity n ^ g cung Ti6u chi 3: Dat chuan ve Ity nang mem Ti6u clli 4: Ky nang ung xu hanh vi
40
25
25
10
cCta cic tiong sd cua sinh vidn, nen ket qui tu vin hudng ngMdp co the khdng chinh xac jcd mdt
sd ede tidu cM mang tinh chit trimg lap, bao ham lin nhau) Nhu vay, dd M vin hudng ngMdp cho sinh vidn mdt each thoa ddng nham dap img chuin diu ra sau kM tdt ngMpp, chimg tdi lira chpn dinh gii tiieo 4 tieu cM va mdi tidu cM dupe quy dmh vdi mdt sd didm nhit dinh nhu Bang 2
Didu chii y la ngudi tii vin se khdng chdm true
tidp sd diem ma sinh vien dat dupe cdc loai chudn
Ma ngudi til vin se cho cac gia tn dp thudc ddi vdi
timg phin tu tiong tap vu try U Ddi vdi m6i tidu
cM, ngudi tii vin nhap 6 gia tri do thude nhu tiong
Bangs
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A
B
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B0 phan quan tri he thdng thdng tin cua doanh nghidp B6 phan quan tri du an phat tndn hd thdng thdng tin
Bd phan quan tri Website cua doanh nghidp
Bd phan tmydn thdng kinh doanh tmc tuydn
Bd phan quan tri mang mdy tinh
Til tap gia tri dd tiiudc ndy (gpi Ii i^ ) ta tinh dd
tuong ty ciia i^i lin lupt vdi 5 tap md chuin tidn
Sau dd chpn dd Mong til Idn nhit tiong 5 gia tn vua
tinh duoe
Ddi vdi mdi smh vidn sau Mii tinh dupe tdng didm
cua pMeu danh gid, ddi sanh sang miie didm bing
chO: ta se cd cac cdng vide phii hpp Mong iing Vi
du ddi vol chuyen ngdnh Quin tri hp thdng thdng
tm Mil dap iing cac tidu cM da dua ra ehiing tdi cd
thd dua ra cdc nganh nghd phii hpp Mong img nhu
Bang 4
Phuong phap tu vin hudng nghidp
Tinh lan lupt ddi vdi timg sinh vidn bing each
nhap diy dii 4 t9.p md ciia cac tidu cM va M Mdu la
K , f' , ^ f vdi cdc gia tri ma dupe md t i d
pMa tien
Ddnh gia md la phuong phap danh gia phd bidn
Mdn nay Phuong phdp nay bd sung cho each danh
gia bing diem thdng thudng, ung dung tiong Hnh
vuc md danh gia thdng tiiudng to ra cd han ehd, lam
cho vide ddnh gid dupe linh boat va mdm deo Ung
dyng tap md vdo tii van hudng ngMdp cho sinh vidn
la vi§c lam tMdt thuc gdp phin eho cdng tdc hudng
ngMdp cho sinh vidn tiong eae trudng dai hpc cao
dang He danh gia dya tien co sd cua Iy thuydt tap
md td ra mdm deo hon, hnh hoat hon, ket qui M
van eudi cimg cd nMeu kha nang hpp ly hon
Tai li#u t h a m khao
[11 R^xrt an Effective C^eer Guidance, Career Gwde far
Schools, 2 0 0 8
121 /MEKSANDRA MRELA, ALEKSANDRA S C K a O V ,
STANiSLAV IVANOV, SERGIY PRYLYFKO Decision stpport
system-The help for vocational guidance of law graduates,
2 0 1 4
[ 3 ] WAGHMODE M L, DR P.P JAMSANDEKAR, IJARCSSE,
A Study of Expert System for Care&-Selection: Lit&'ati^e Review,
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2015
[51 TD<TAS YD, ISTANBUL, W^-based artificial intelligence
techniques: Prep&ation of simulators In edcation, Mannara
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[ 6 ] RAJIV B H A H & DR DARSHANA B H A T l , Fuzzy Logic based
Student Pedormaxe Evaluation Model for FYacticalCon'ponent of Engineen'ng Institution Sttjects, Int J Technol Eng Edjc, 2 0 1 1 ,
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[ 7 ] SHRUTIS JAMSANDEKAR, R.R MUDHOLKAR, P&fonrwice
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[91K\NGLM, Another lens: The theory of muttple intelligence
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