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16] The system of sports schools in Russia
TffiSvt''*''"'" ^°' *^ '^' ^° ^^^ •' '^*^'
At flie same time, reeentiy, scientists and
^ ' a l i s t s [1 2] note fliat flie system of
funcfaoning of sports schools, and public
^misttation by fliem is insufficiently
balanced and accented in flie context of
development of children-youtii sport and
m tins process one of key is tiie stage of initial specialization fallmg in big tennis on the age penod from 10 to 12 years [2, 4] Today unforfamately, it is necessary hi state uisufficient degree ofa scientific readniess of program and seienhfic and metiiodieal bases of pfaysical and teefamcal and tactical ttauung of young 10 - 12 years tennis players which are at a stage of mittal specialization One of indicators of it is /^Pectively in preparation of T s p T ^ -^^.'«P«='altzation One of indicators of it ,s Jowance for national teams of flie e o u n t t J ' S Z e s s V f Z f ' ' " ' " ' ™ ' * ' P ' ™ « "^ designated pmblems of ensuring suceesln in J^^^J "^^^^"^ P'^P^*""" of tius catego^ of
preparation of a sports allowance fiilly faelone A T '
A-•bo ,0 ehildren-youtii spom scfaools in wfaicS a v e m r i n a ^ f ' V " " " ^ ' °^ '"''^"^^ f^' ^^'
•bo tennis as a sport is cultivated 12 91 "^eragmg of plannmg of educational and
-UCf T„r-^,% ;s TiZ^^^^®'.V^**"TennisAdier Sochi
~''*^:>^ '-^- ***» i«ifl Nga Matxcova ^ ^
Trang 2"P'
B A I B A O KHOA HOC
iramof
Abstract:
ntific-theoretii
|tts of scientific
lining of youi
lof initial
I the I
nee dev
i flayer
I tactJcaQ
[of level (
demize educatio
base efficiency of irj
pities
i ol research i
SChYSSOP
^nd technical and tactical training of youn|
year cycle of sports training at the stage of I
ttend of development of tennis requires systeij nokigical bases of long-tenn training of players
and reasons for contents of the program of physid nis players in the preparatory period of a year cyd
ion It is focused on redistribution of amounts of trai
cry period of a year training cycle which consecul ent of coordination capabilities and to conskler|
e course of draw ofa ball The program cons
Is and psychophysical qualities, allows t o j ysical and technical and tactical fitneg
d ttaining process of the young mentation of physical and
.for devfl
initial s p j in^
irsical culture and in systen lers on tennis
ihysical and technical and tacticd
long-term sports preparation mevitably leads to
borrowing of a number of components of
loading from tfae spfaere of trauiing of skilled
atfaletes tfaat not only does not lead to mcrease
of level of sports skill of young atfaletes, but also
faarmfiil uifluences faealth of engaged
Tfae specified contradictions allow to state
tfaat among scientists and ttainers tfaere is no
single and rationally reasonable understanding
fliat specifically sfaall enter contents of tfae
program of sports training of young tennis
players in tfae preparatory period ofa year cycle
of sports ttaining at a stage of initial
specialization yet Tfae variety of approaches
existing on tiiis matter, decisions and
recommendations of scientists constitutes
content of flie real scientific problem existmg
today requuing flie permission [7, 8]
As one of private tasks of the specified
problem tiie task of scientific research and
reasons for contents of die program of physical
and technical and tactical ttaining of young
tennis players in flie preparatory period ofa year
cycle of sports ttaining at a stage of initial
speciaUzation acts [3, 10]
Purpose of research- to develop , to prove
tfaeoretieally and to experimentally approve the program of pfaysical and technical and tactical ttaining of young tennis players in the preparatory period of a year cycle of sports ttaining at a stage of initial specialization Technique and organization of research The problems set in research were solved with the help of the followmg methods: analysis and generalization of data of pedagogical and special scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical supervision, video filming, pedagoga^ experiment, eonttol and pedagogical testing^ methods of mathematical statistics Pedagogical experiment was made based on Adler tennis academy of Sochi, Krasnodar Krai At the beginnmg of pedagogical research (March, 2011) there took place the stating experiment as a result
of which of 102 young tennis players of 10 -12 years 50 afliletes have been selectwL The selected athletes-tennis players at a stage of the stating pedagogical experiment did not differ on a level
of development of physical and technical and tactical fitness It has allowed to complete fbr carrymg out tfae creating pedagogical experimtrt ; two groups of examinees (boys) - control ("KGT, , n=25) and experimental ("EG", n=25)
Trang 3For a year cycle of flie formmg pedagogical
experiment 208 educational and ttaining classes,
as m eonttol are given ui flie CfaYSS program,'
md experimental group on die CfaYSS program
taking mto account flie developed tasks Duration
of eacfa frainmg occupation made two faours
Results of research and their discussion
to die conditions of rattier uniform increase at
young tennis players of basic motive c^iabihties,
the accuracy of flieu movements can be
developed due to enhancement of management
MmMmmm»,MmmmL
Motive abiliiies * f < = « » c y o» provi»ion of p « t o of a body kl M c h C n » intofvai
of movements In particular, enhancement of management of siKh components of accuracy, as 1) mcrease of mdicators of accuracy'of musculoarticulate feelings and moUir components of sigfat (deep and peripfaeial sigfat)-2) mcrease of psycfaological stabihty on movement accuracy in case of blows to a ball (attention, concenttation of attention)
Acfaievement of great tecfanical and tactical skills in our opinion, is determined by flie followmg factors provided m figure 1
3
Motiwe lenniivity and
"~—T oompooemi o f
T E C H N I C A L A N D T A C T I C A I s v - w i '
: L _
-^Sur L The factors fa.fl„ench.g techalca and Uctica ,ki„ „r young tennis pUy.„ of, 0 - ,2 years
- Of forming of technical and tactical actions m
tennis at young afliletes of 10 12 years is
• ''.^'"mined by a number of factors: game
m siniation; functional and mental
condition-ia condition ofa sports equipment and equipment'
m At flie same time, tiie game sittiation can be
• "etenmined: fait accuracy a ball in
court-.: accuracy of a ttajectory of fligfat of a ball'
-, sn^Tiness and variety ofa plassuovka ofa
ball-maximum implementation of cumulative potenttal of flie aflflete in competitive practice Proceedmg from flie aforesaid, in figure 2 flie sttuettire and content of components of physical and technical and tactical ttaining of youne temiis players of 10 - 12 years whicfa are m a certam mteraction wifli eacfa oflier is provided
Regulatory and mfonnation and emotional components constittite "a basic level of pfaysical
a kinematic background (blow from toe n l l v l " ' 7 * ^ ° ' ' " ^ * ^ ^ "" ^'^ '^«'' of Physical
inmovement); by fo J o f b l w l d ' S of ^ ' ' ^ ' ^ ' = ^ f"* «^<=-'t-ining" and provide
b o w o f f l i e a n s w : r ; s p e e d L ? m a n u v S y ; ' ^ ^ Z T " ^ "" "^^ " ^ ^ ' ^
ofmovement of flie player management of movements is based on
D^ngpedagogiealexperimentatexaminees ^ ™ ^ ° " ° " ^ ° f * « rival; makes a stan
o f t h e s f a i d i e d g r o u p s f l i e i d e n t i c ' ^ S ^ ^ o ^ ™ T T " ^ ' ^ " ' ^ ' ' ^ ^
•Mcrocycle of educational and t ^ n n ! ^^'^^^^'^^^^^^P^^Sonagame occupations included two L ^ t o ^ T ^ f " " " " J ^ ""^^ "^'^h of uifomition
• ^ m p e t i t i v e a n d o n e t t a n s i t i o ^ r S L s T f " X ' ^ " ^ " " ^ ^ ^ ' * = ^ ' " « ^
-vanous duration me periods of The producttve and estimative component
Educational and ttaining process of voun^ T ^ " ^ °^*^^^ °^ ^^ ««responduig tests,
• ^ m i s p l a y e m o f l O - U y e a i S t T ^ e o S e X t i % " ' "f^-^^^ - t e r i a fo;
^cialization is based on m u m ^ y c a S 7c^T°." ""'" " ^ ^ ^ ' " ^ "^""^''^^ ^ ' ^
components of preparation p r o v i d m g - g r o ^ ^oordmatton capabilities and technical skill
physical and fimctionality of an otS^m- o £ ^ ^ " ^ * ^ *'*" ^"'"ioning of tiie
m, oHered program of ttaining and is connected
Trang 4B A I B A O KHOA HOC
C P H Y S I C A L AI«I> T E C H M I C A I A N D T A C T I C A X
S U B S T A N T I A L C O I i 4 P O ! N E N T Ptayncal
incfMOt'stioii
X e d u u c a l a n d tactical preparation pwf>anttlon KfcDtal
R E O U E A T ( X t Y C O M P O N E l v r r Kifotor Vegetative regulation C<MttoaI
r ^ o l a t i o n
I N F O R N f A T I O N A L A N D E X C O T I O N A I C C M X P O N H N T
B a n o t i o n s
n t O D t X m V E A N D ESTTtMATED COMKMHENT
C o n t r o l a n d p e d a g o g i c a l t e s t s A s s e s s m e n t o f l a t e o f a g a i n o f
m o t i v e a n d c o o f d t a a t i a a abilitias
a n d tfrtwiiral s l d n
Figure 2 Structure and maintenance of components of physical and technical and tactical ttafaibig
of young tennis players of 10-12 years with the choice of the corresponding criteria and tennis players during game;
indicators
In the course of preparation ui experimental
group developed special and preparatory trauiing
exercises for forming of target accuracy of blows
to tfae set zones ofa tennis court were used
Special and preparatory exereises represent
complete actions, flilly or partially correspondmg
to tfae exercises whicfa are carried out at
compietitions At tfae same time they can and not
match a little own and faigfa-speed actions in
competitive conditions as on educational and
training occupations also oflier problems can be
solved
In case of accomplishment of training tasks
fluee main criteria tfaat exercise was called
special shall be observed:
2) Correct approach to a ball and preparation for blow;
3) Direct working off of technology of accomplishment of blow;
4) The movement after blow caused by need
to reach the most effective starting position for reflection of the following ball sent by flie rival The offered special and preparatory exercises are rather difficult as they demand big and long concenttation of attention Besides, tiiese exercises train endurance both physical, and mental which will help young tennis playeis with real match fight
As a resuh of skilled and experimental part
of research it is established that realization, the young tennis players developed witfiin the
1 Exercise shall repeat equipment or part of program of ttaining, ttaining tasks positivdy flie equipment applied hi competitive activities
2 Physical actions shall be similar used in
competitive activities
3 Muscular tension shall be same, as well as
in competitive practice
Therefore m case of development of special
and preparatory exercises the following
problems were solved:
1) Ability to alternate flie efforts connected
wifli tecfanical accomplishment of shock
movements on a ball and a variety of flie
movements whicfa are carried out by young
was reflected in dynamics of indicators of physical fitness 1 0 - 12-year-old tennis playen For a year ttaming cycle the rates of a gain of indicators characterizing physical fitness of young tennis players of 10 12 years of experimental group, statistically significantly (p
< 0,05) faave improved and faave made: run on
30 m - 15,8%; a long jump from tfae place a push of two - 14,42%; a tfarowuig ofa shiffed ball (P =1 kg) tfae movement similar hi giving-15,1%; shuttle run (fan) 5x4 of m - 16,75%: shuttle run of 6x8 m - 17,3% Average rate oft
Trang 5r
mmumiimjmm-s6Eti*^,9,>,a
"4^X'r^^„i£i ciiSSS~
Ka
gain of pfaysical fittiess of physical fittiess of
examinees of experimental group during
pedagogical experiment has made - 15,87%
Positive dynamics following flie results of
experimental woric faas been noted also m
eonttol group, but sfae had no such pronounced
character and an orientation
^jAccording tt) eonttol tests it is established
diat use m flie formmg experiment of tiie
developed ttaining tasks consisting of special
and preparattiry exercises for increase of target
accuracy of blows from various distances
promote more essential changes of indicators of
target accuracy of blows m flie set zones a tennis
court at young tennis players experimental in
comparison wifli eonttol group (p < 0,05) Rates
ofa gam of fait by a ball in a fcuget in eonttol
exercises by exammees of experimental group
dunng pedagogical experiment have made (p <
0,05): a short distance (15 m) - 64,92%; an
average disfamce (18 m) - 64,61%; a long
distance ( 2 1 m ) - 65,1%; blows wifli efaange of
a distance - 59,68% Srednegruppova rate ofa
gain of target accuracy of blows of exammees
experunemal groups during experimem faas
n ^ e 63,6% fliat is 27,4% more flian at
examinees of eonttol group
The conducted pilot sfaidy faas revealed higfa
efficiency rate of flie developed program fliat is
confirmed by statistics of tecfanical and tactical
readiness of young tennis players of tiie
researched groups, and also results of carrying
«« games between groups at tiie begummg and
•ne end of experiment
The surplus of such uidicator of tecfanical and
Hcfacal readiness as "efficiency of equipment"
at examinees of experimental group in competitions between groups constihites 6 2% that IS 4,4% more, tiian in eonttol group Handlmg of tiie data obtained during experimental woric, specifies statistically significant cfaanges of fliis uidicator for benefit
of experimental group, hi case of its comparison wifli results of confaxil group
Tfae surplus of an mdicator of tecfanical and tacttcal readmess - a combmation - at young tenms players of eonttol group constifaites 0,4% for flie period of experiment A surplus of tiiis mdicator of technical and tactical readiness at exammees of experimental group in competitions between groups - 1% tiiat is 0,6% more, tiian in contttil group
Tfae surplus of an mdicator of tecfanical and tacttcal readiness - variabihty of tecfanical actoons - at examinees of experimental group
«)nstittites 5,7% tiiat is 4,3% more, flian eonttol Handling of tiie data obtamed during experimental woric, specifies statistically significant cfaanges of fliis uidicattir for benefit
of experimental group, ui ease of its comparison wifli results of eonttol group
At flie beginning of experiment players of eonttol group faave won meetings wifli result
14-11, at flie end - faave lost wifli joint account
6-19 fliat allows tt> state an essential suiplus of fliese mdicators at exanunees of experimental group dunng experiment in comparison witii conttxil (p < 0,05)
Conclusions The sttuettire of disttibution of trammg time by types of preparation and a ratio
of amounts of ttaming loads of various onentatton in flie preparahiry period of a year
Trang 6^
B A I B A O KHOA HOC
Ly Hoang Nam, tay vg^ tre s6 1 cua
l i n g Quan vqrt Vi^t Nam {anh minh hpa)
training cycle is expanded and modernized due
to inclusion of special sets of exercises
As a result of experienced and experimental
part of researcfa it is establisfaed tfaat
implementation, tfae young tennis players
developed witfain tfae program of training,
training tasks positively was reflected in
dynamics of indicators of physical fitness 10
-12-year-old tennis players Srednegruppova rate
of a surplus of physical fitness of physical
fitaess of examinees of experimental group for
the period faas made carrying out pedagogical
experiment - 15,87% Positive dynamics
foUowuig flie results of experimental work faas
been noted also ui eonttol group, but it bad no
sucfa pronounced efaaracter and an orientation
Srednegruppova rate of a surplus of target
accuracy of blows of examinees experimental
groups during experiment has made 63,6% that
is 27,4% more flian at exammees of eonttol
group
The conducted pilot study faas revealed high
efficiency rate of flie developed program fliat is
confirmed by statistics of technical and tactical
readiness of young tennis players of the
researched groups, and also results of earrymg
out games between groups at flie beguuung and
tfae end of experiment
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of ttaining of afliletes of flie Olympic class / V
K Balsevich/ZTheory and practice of physical
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2 Evttikh, ẠV Scientific and mefliodical
bases of long-term preparation of afliletes /ẠV
(Bdi n$p ngdy 6/9/2016, PhSn bi$n ngdy 20/10/2016, duyft In ngdy 5/12/2016)
Evfaikfa, R V Kvasfauk, B N ShustinZ/Messenger of sports sciencẹ -2008.-Nọ 4.-Page 16-19
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