Joumal of Science of Haiphong University ] Vol 4, No 17, p 93 99 LIJA CHON HE THONG BAI TAP BO TRd CHUYEN MON TRONG GIANG DAY CHAY 100M CHO SINH VIEN NAM T H O HAI KHOI KHONG CHUYEN THE DUC THE THAO T[.]
Trang 1LIJA CHON HE THONG BAI TAP BO TRd CHUYEN MON TRONG GIANG DAY CHAY 100M
CHO SINH VIEN NAM T H O HAI
KHOI KHONG CHUYEN THE DUC THE THAO TRUdNG DAI HOC HAI PHONG
Tdm tat
Trin ed sd nghiin ciiu li ludn vd thUc tien,
qua ting hdp cdc tdi lieu chuyin mon, tham
khdo y kiin eua ede ehuyin gia, edc hudn luyin
vien Diin kinh, chung tdi dd lUa chgn dUdc he
thong gom 24 bdi tap bo trd chuyin mon Hi
thing bdi tap ndy dUdc dUa vdo thUc nghiim
tren doi tUdng nghien ciiu dd mang lai kit qud
cao ve cdc mat: the lUc chuyin mdn, thdnh tieh
chay 100m cho sinh vien nam thd hai khdi
khdng chuyen the due the thao TrUdng Dqi hgc
Hdi Phdng
Td khod: bdi tdp bi trd, chqy 100m, sinh
vien khdng chuyin the due thi thao, Tnidng
Dqi hgc Hdi Phong
1 Mcrdau
Chay 100m la ndi dung chinh trong gidng
day Diln kinh d TrUdng Dai hpe Hdi Phdng,
khdng ehi la ndi dung dfla vao chfldng trinh
ddo tao khoi ehuyen eho sinh vien chuyin
nganh Gido due thi chat ma edn la mdt trong
cdc hgc phan ap dung cho sinh viln khdi
khdng chuyen Trong nhflng nam via qua,
* ThS., Khoa Th^ due Th^ thao
vile giang day va hgc tap mdn hpe chay 100m cdn gap khd khan do viec s i dung tdi lilu, giao trinh giang day chfla thdng nhit, cdc gido viln gidng day, khi sfl dung cae bai tip
bd trp mdi chi theo kinh nghiira bdn than la vdn ddng viln hoaic ap dung ede bdi tap bd trd chfla thong nhit Do vly, chat Iflpng mdn hpc chay 100m cdn ban che, kit qud hpc tap cdn thip
Trong linh vUc nghiin cflu nham xiy dflng
hi thdng bdi tip bd trp chuyin mdn trong gidng day Id thult eie mdn Dien kinh, da cd sfl ddng gdp rit quy gia efla eae ehuyen gia, cac huln luyln vien, eie nha chuyen mdn Dien kinh hdng diu Vilt Nam nhfl: Dfldng Nghiep Chi, Vd Dfle Phing, Pham Tiln Binh, Phan Dinh Cfldng, Nguyen Kim Minh, Nguyin Dai DUdng Phin ldn edc tac gia radi ehi ding Iai
d mflc dp xac dinh cic ehi tieu tuyen ehpn ban diu, dinh Iflpng van dpng trong giai doan huln luyln sd bd Do quy trinh, dieu kiln, ddi tfldng nghien eflu ed khac nhau, nen trong bdi vilt nay chung tdi di sdu vdo vile lfla chpn hi thong bdi tap bo trd chuyin mdn trong giang day ehay lOOm eho sinh vien nam thfl hai khdi
Trang 2cho smh vien nam thil hai khoi khong chuyen the due the thao Trudng Bai hoc Hai Phong
khdng ehuyin the due the thao Trfldng Dai hgc
Hai Phdng
2 Noi dung nghien cufu
2.1 LUa chgn hi thdng bdi tap bo trcf
chuyin mdn trong gidng dgy chay
100m cho sinb viin ndm tbU hai khdi
khdng chuyin the due the thao TrUdng
Dai hgc Hdi Ph dng
2.1.1 He thong bai tdp bo tra chuyen mon
gidng dgy cho nhom thUc nghiim
Qua nghiin eflu, ehing tdi dd Ifla chpn
2.1.1.3 Nhom bai tap bd trd ki thudt ch^y lao sau xult phat
Bai tap 1: XPT rdi chay lao 5 - 10m Bdi tip 2: XPT rdi chay lao 15 - 20m Bdi tdp 3: XPT rdi ehay lao 30 - 40ra 2.1.1.4 Nhdm bai tap bd trd ki thuat giai ddan vl dich vd hodn thien todn b^ ki thult Bdi t | p 1: Di bp 1 bfldc lara ddng tae danh dieh
Bdi tap 2: Di bd 3 bide Idm ddng tic danh dfldc he thdng bai t | p bd trd ehuyin radn gdm dieh
24 bii tap (qua phdng van ed ti 11 phin tram Bdi tap 3: Chay cham 5 - 10m Idra dong
sd phieu ddnh gia m i c dd Uu tiln 1 chiera trln tae danh dieh
50% trd Iln) nhfl sau: Bdi tdp 4: Chay tang tde 60m ldm dong tac 2.1.1.1 Nhdm bai tip bd trd ki thult ehay danh dich
gifla quang Bdi tip 5: Chay 100m XPT Idm ddng tdc Bdi tap 1: Dflng tai cho d tU the chin danh dieh
trUdc chin sau, tap ddng tic ddnh tay 2.1.1.5 Nhdm bdi tap bd trd the Iflc Bdi tap 2: Chay ede doan 60 - 80m trln chuyin mdn
dfldng thing, ban chan dat tren dat song song
vdi dudng chay
Bdi t|p 3: Chay ndng cao dui 30m
Bdi tg.p 4: Chay dap sau 30m
Bdi tap 5: Chay tang tdc do 60ra, sau dd
ehay theo quan tinh
2.1.1.2 Nhora bdi tip bd trd ki thult xult
phat
Bdi tap 1: XPT theo khiu lenh "vdo ehd",
"san sdng"
Bai tap 2:
Bdi tap 3;
Bai tap 4:
XPT khdng cd khau lenh
XPT vdi tin hieu khde nhau
XPT tiieo khau lenh rdi ehay 3 - 5
Bdi tap 1: Chay TDC cac doan 30ra Bai tap 2: Chay TDC 60m
Bdi t^p 3: Chay bien tde 50ra
Bdi tap 4: Bat xa taii chd
Bdit|p5:NhayIdcd
Bdi tap 6: Nang cao din tai chd 20 nhip sau dd ehgiy tang tde do 30m
Bdi t i p 7: D i bfldc xoac t r l n dfldng thang
30m
2.1.2 Nhom bdi tap bo tra chuyen man gidng day cho nhom doi chdng
He thdng bdi tap ndy dUdc ehing tdi tdng
hdp theo dl cUdng ehi tilt, lich trinh gidng day mdn chay 100m do bd mdn Diln kinh
Trang 3biln soan He thdng bai tap bd trd chuyen
mdn gdm 17 bdi tap:
2.1.2.1 Nhom bdi tip bd trd ki thuat chay
giia quang
Bdi tip 1: Tap ki thuat dgng tae danh tay
Bdi tap 2: Chay tang tde dp cac doan 30ra,
60m, 80m
Bii tap 3: Chay ndng cao dui
Bdi tap 4: Chay dap sau
2.1.2.2 Nhdm bdi tap bd trd ki thuat xuat
phdt
Bai tap 1: XPT theo khau lenh "vdo chd",
"san sang"
Bdi tap 2: XPT theo khau lenh rdi chay
3 - 5 bfldc
2.1.2.3 Nhom bai tdp bd trd ki thuat ehay
lao sau xult phat
Bdi tap 1: XPT rdi chay lao 5 - 10m
Bdi tap 2: XPT rdi chay lao 15 - 20m
2.1.2.4 Nhdm bdi tap bd trp ki tbuat giai
doan ve dieh va hoan thien toan bd ki thuat
Bai tap 1: Di bp 1 bUdc Idm ddng tac danh
dieh
Bai tap 2: Di bd 3 bUdc lam ddng tie danh
dich
Bdi tap 3: Chay cham 5 - 10m Iam ddng
tie danh dieh
Bdi tap 4: Chay 100m xult phat thip
2.1.2.5 Nhdm bai tap bo trp the liJc
chuyin mdn
Bai tap 1: Chay tang tde 60m
Bai tap 2; Chay tang toe 80m
Bdi tap 3: Chay tang tde 100m
Bai t?p 4: Chay biln tdc 50m
Bai tap 5: Chay biln tdc 100m
2.1.3 LUa chgn Test kiem tra, ddnh gid hiiu qud cua hi thong bai tap bo tra chuyen mon
Dl xae dinh eae ndi dung kiem tra dl danh gid hiiu qud eia bdi tap bd trd ehuyin radn trUdc vd sau thUe nghiem: Cdc ndi dung ddnh gia ve thi lUc, ddnh gia toan diln qua thara khao y kiln 20 ngfldi, kit qua thu dupe trln 90% y kiln tin thanh Mat khic, d l hieu
rd hdn, thdng qua vile xfl Ii cic sd lieu thu dflde tfl kit qui kilm tra d cae khoa hpc trfldc tbeo cic ndi dung da lfla ehpn, thi hlu hit diu
ed mdi tfldng quan manh (r > 0,7) vdi thdnh tieh ehay 100m cia sinh viln T i kit qua nay,
dl tdi xae dinh cie npi dung kilm tra dUde trinh bdy d bang 1
Bdng 1: Cdc npi dung kiem tra diddnh gid hiiu qud cua he hong bdi tap bo trd chuyen mon trUdc vd sau thUc nghiem
n
1
2
3
Noi dung kiem tra
Chay 30m TOC{s) ChayfiOmTOC(s) 8atx3taic[io[m)
He so tiidng quan (r]
Nam
-0.82
-0.87 0.78
m
-0.80 -0.85
0.79
2.2 Ddnh gid kit qud nghiin cd^
Sau khi lUa chpn dflpe he thdng bdi tap
bd trd chuyen mdn, xdc dinh dfldc cac Test d l danh gia hieu qua cfla he thdng bdi tap, ching tdi da tien hdnh thije nghiira tren 100 sinh vien nara cia cae ldp hpc phan GDTC 3 khod
15 dflpc ehia thdnh 2 nhdm: nhdra thfle nghiem (NTN) vd nhdm ddi chflng (NDC) NTN hpc theo giao an vd h i thdng bdi tap bd trd chuyen mdn md chflng tdi da lfla chpn, NDC hpe theo giao an vd h i thdng bai tap
bd trd ehuyin radn cfl do bd mdn Diln ldnh
Trang 4cho sinh vien nam thil hai khoi khong chuyen the ducthe thao Tri/clng Bai hpc HSi Phong
biln soan Trfldc khi bfldc vdo thflc nghiim, Bdng 3: Kit qud kiim tra cdc chi s6 ching tdi tien hdnh kiem tra trln ca hai nhdm vl" thUuc sau thUc nghiem cua NTN vd NDC
bang cac chi so thi lfle Kit qua dflpc trinh bay
d bdng 2
Bdng2: Kit qud kiem tra ede chi s6
vithelUc trUdc thUc nghiem cda NTNvd
NDC (UA = MB = 50)
TT
1
2
3
Noi
dung
kiem
tra
Chw
30m
TBC(s)
Ctiay
eom
TfiC(s)
Batxa
tai cho
(m)
NTN
X^
4.18
S.24
2.33
± 8
0.341
0.19S
0 0 8 8
NDC
^B
4.21
820
2.32
± 5
0.263
0.179
0.092
tUnh
- 0 3 6 1
0.963
0.765
t U q
1.96
1.96
1.96
P
>
DOS
>
0.05
>
0.05
Qua bdng 2, ta thay cac chi sd ve the Iflc
ciia NTN va NDC deu c6 t^^ < tbing Nhfl vay
trinh dp the Iflc cia hai nhdm cd sfl khae bilt
nhflng khdng cd y nghia d ngfldng xic suit P
> 0.05 Do dd, ta cd thi khang dinh sd bp rang
truih dd thi lUe cia NTN vd NDC la tfldng
ddi ddng deu, viec phin chia hai nhdm Id
hoan todn khach quan
Sau khi ket thie thdi gian hoc Id thuat
chay 100m trong 13 gido an, ehung tdi kilm
tra vdi cac chi sd nhfl Iln kilm tra trflde thfle
nghiim d l ddnh gia Iai vl trinh dp thi Iflc eua
hai nhdm Kit qua dflde trinh bdy d bang 3
n
1
2
3
Noi
d u n g
kilm tra Chay 30m TDC(s) Chay 60m TflC(s) Batxa
t a i chfi (m)
NTN
X^
3.9
7.93
2.4S
± S
0.232
0 2 2 2
0,055
NDC
Xg
4.09
8.05
239
± 6
0.243
0.19
0 1 6 2
tunli
- 3 838
- 2 8 5 9
2.185
tbIng
1.96
1.96
1.9S
P
<
DJI5
0.05
0.05
Qua kit qud d bang 3 ching ta thay cac ehi sd ehay 30m tdc dp eao, ehay 60m toe do cao, bat xa tai chd deu cd tnnh > tbing thdnh tich
eia NTN vd NDC cd sfl khdc bilt, cd f nghia is ngfldng xde suat P < 0,05
De danh gia hieu qua cfla vile tap luyen cdc bdi tip bd trp chuyin mdn cd tie dpng vdo viec hodn thiln vd nang cao thdnh tich ehay 100m, chflng tdi tien hanh kiem tra doi vdi cic sinh viln tham gia qua trinh thflc nghiem thdng qua cdc Test da lfla chpn va tham khdo qua cdc tdi lieu chuyen mdn cung nhu tham khao y kien eia cdc gido viln, huan luyln viln gdm:
1 Ch^Y 60m xult phat thap (XPT) (s)
2 Chay 100m XPT (s) Kit qud kiem tra 2 Test cia NTN vd NDC dfldc trinh bdy d bang 4
9 6 TRUONG OAI HOC HAI PHdNG
Trang 560m XPT va chay 100m XPT cia
NTN vd NBC (nt = » , = SO)
TT
1
2
Not
dung
k i l m
tra
Ch^y
60m
XPT(s)
Chay
tOOm
XPT(s)
NTN
X^
8.20
14.01
± 5
0.445
0.231
HDC
^B
8.35
14.21
± 5
0.1526
0.2603
-2.197
- 3 8 6
1.96
1.96
P
<
0.05
0.05
Qua kit qua d bang 4, ta cd the nhan thay:
sau thUe nghiem, cdc ehi sd danh gid hieu qud
cae bdi tap bd trd chuyin mdn d NTN va
NDC diu ed sfl khae biet cd y nghia thi hien d
thanh tieh ehay 60m XPT va chay 100m XPT
0 ca hai ndi dung deu cd tdnh > tbang d ngfldng
xae suat P <0,05
Chung tdi ciing tiln hdnh danh gia thanh
tich chay 100m XPT theo thang diem 10 do bd
mon Diln kinh xiy dflng dp dung cho khdi
khdng chuyen the due the thao Ket qua danh
gia theo 4 mic; dilm gidi (dilm 8, 9); dilm
kha (dilm 7); diem trung binh (TB) (dilm 6,
5); vl dilm yeu (tfl 4 dilm trd xudng) Kit qua
tong hdp dflde ehflng tdi thi hien trong bang
5 dfldi day
100m XPT theo thang diem 10 cua
TT
1
2
3
N6I
d u n g
f)iem loai
So liARig
Tile
%
NTN
Gioi
25
50
Kha
7
14
TB
18
36
Ye'u
0
0
NDC
Gi6i
n
26
Kha
7
14
TB
25
50
Yeu
5
10
Sd lieu d bang 5 eho thay ti 11 sinh vien d NTN dat diem gidi ehiem 50%, trong khi dd d NDC d^t 26% Ti 11 sinh viln dat dilm trung brah (TB) d NTN chiem 36%, thap hdn NDC la 50% O NTN, Ididng cd sinh vien dat loai yeu, kem, trong khi d NDC, so sinh viln dat loai ylu, kem ehiem 10%
De ddnh gia dp tin cdy mdt each chat che hdn hieu qua eiia he thdng bdi tap bo trp chuyen mdn trong vile ning eao chit Iflpng (thanh tich) trong giang day radn bge ehay lOOra cho sinh vien nam thfl hai khdi khong chuyen the due the thao, ching tdi tiln hanh so sanh phfldng phdp gidng day Ip dung eho nhdm thfle nghiim (phfldng phap A) vl phfldng phap giang day dp dung cho nhdm ddi chflng (phfldng phdp B) bang Test 2"^ - Kit qua so sdnh dflpe trinh bay trong bdng 6
Trang 6eho sinh vien nam thilhai khoi khong chuyen the due t h i thao Trirdng fiai hgc H Ji Phong
Bdng 6: Kit qud so sdnh hai phUdng phdp
gidng dqy cua NTN vd NDC theo Test y^
Ket
qud
Gioi
Kha
TB
Ye'u
PhL/dng
phap A
25
7
18
0
PhUdng
phapB
13
7
25
5
Ket qud SO sdnh
X ' M
9.92
X
7.815
P
^0.05
3 Ket luan
Kit qua nghiin cflu da lfla chpn dfldc he thdng edc bdi tap bd trp chuyen mdn trong gidng day ehay 100m cho sinh vien nim thi3 hai khdi khdng chuyen the due thi thao Trfldng Dai hpe Hai Phdng nhfl sau:
Nhom bdi tap bo trd ki thudt gidng day gdm 17 bdi tap, trong do:
, , i v , , , - , , i i - Nhdra bdi tip bd trd Id thuat chay siQa
Qua bang 6 cho thay, khi thanh tich ehay '^ °
lOOm XPT cua NTN vi NDC toe chim theo I"™? 6°"" = ''*' ' ' P '
thang diem chung cua bo mon DiSn kinh, da " Nh6m bai tap bd trO ki thu|t xuit pMt
thSy sa khac bi«t vl phuong phap s i dung bai B^™'' ''*'
'W-tap bo tro chuyen mon d hai nhom Ket qua so " Nhom bai 'W-tap bo tro M thuat chay lao
sanh hai phUOng phap qua tinh toan bang Test sau xuSt phat gom 3 bai tap
Z2 CO ;if2tinh > z2bang NhU v|y, phuong - Nhom bii t|p bo tro ki thuat ve dich va
phap giJng day ap dung cho NTN dem Iai hieu hoan thita toan bp ki thuat gom 5 bai tap
qua cao hon phUdng phap giang day ap dung Nhom bai lap b6 tr0 thi ItXc chuyen mdn
cho NDC Sii khac biet c6 y nghia d ngudng g6m7hdi tap
xac suat p <0.05 NhU vay, so heu 6 bang 6 mot H 4 thdng cdc bai tap bd trp chuyen m6n
lan niia khang dinh tinh hieu qua cua he thdng tren dviflc kiSm nghitm qua thitc te giang day
bai tap bd trp chuySn mdn ma chiing toi lUa cho NTN, da dem lai ket qua cao ve cac mat
chgn ap dung cho NTN trong viec phat trien the lUc chuyen mdn, thanh tich so v4i NDC
cac td chft thi lUc dac tning cia mdn hpc chay Ket qua cila cac Test chay 30m TDC; chay
100m; trong vile ning cao thinh tich mdn hpc gom TDC; bat xa tai cho; thinh tich chay
Cling nhu kft qua hpc tap cia sinh vien 60m XPT v i thinh tich chay 100m XPT ril li
Tdm lai: Vdi dieu kien nhu nhau ve the bang phuong phap toan hpc thdng ke deu co
lUc, dilu ki^n va thdi gian tap luyen chi khac tunh > tbing sd khac biet ve thinh tich cia hai
nhau vl ndi dung la he thdng cac bai tap bd nhdm co y nghia d ngUdng xac suat P < 5%
trp chuyen mon cho ting giai do^n ki thuat
NTN da dem lai ket qua cao hon han NDC ve
thi lie chuyen mdn, thanh tich chay 100m sau
thuc nghiem Dieu do cho phep khang dinh
tinh hieu qua hdn han cia he thdng bai tap bo
trp chuyin mdn m i chung tdi da s i dung
trong qua trinh thie nghiem
TAI Lieu THAM KHAO
Didng Nghiip Chi, Nguyen Kim Minh, Pham Khac Hpc Vd Die Phung, Nguyen Dai Didng Nguyin Van Quang Nguyin
Quang HUng (1996) Biln kinh, NXB
TDTT.HiNpi
9 8 TRUdNG OAI HOC HAI PHdNG
Trang 7Hieu, Nguyen Die Van (2004), Bo ludng the
thao, NXB TDTT, H i Ndi
3 D Harre (Triong Anh Tuan dieh) (2000),
Hgc thuyet huSn luyen, NXB TDTT, Ha Ndi
4 Doan Thao, Dang Ngpe Bao (1995), Dcmh
cho hudn luyen viin cua van dgng viin
Biin kinh, NXB TDTT Ha Ndi
5 Le Anh Tho, Ddng Van Trieu (2000), Ll
lu&n vd phUdng phdp gido due the chdt
trang tnidng hoe, NXB TDTT, H i Ndi
6 Le Van Lam Nguyin Xuan Sinh, Pham
Ngpe Viln Liu Quang Hiep (1999), Gido
trinh phUdng phdp nghiin ciCu khoa hgc,
NXB TDTT, Ha NpL
7 Ll Van Lam, Pham Xuan Thanh (2007)
Gido trinh do ludng the due thi thao, NXB
TDTT.HiNdL
8 Liu Quang Hilp, Pham Thi Uyen (1995),
Sinh li hgc the due the thao, NXB TDTT,
H i NpL
9 Nguyin Dai Duong (2006), Dien kinh,
NXB TDTT, H i NpL
10 Nguyen Die Van (2000), PhUdng phdp
thong ke trong the due thi thao, NXB
TDTT, H i Npi
SYSTEMS TRAINING EXERCISES TO RUN THE 100 METERS IN TEACHING NON -PHYSICAL EDUCATION MAJOR STUDENTS AT HAI PHONG UNIVERSITY Abstract
On the basis of theoretical studies and material synthesis, and consultation of axperts and Athletics coach, we have chosen a sytem
of 24 additional exercises This traning sytem has been used in the empirical reseach and has brought good results in such field as professional fitness and good result in running
100 record for non - physical education major students at Hai Phong university
Keywords: supplementary exercises, run
100 meters, students amateur sport, Hai Phong University
I 9 9