NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG y/H jr /y 3T REN LUYEN KI NANG THUYET TRINH CHO SINH VIEN TRONG DAY HOC TOAN CAO CAP ThS Nguyin Tbj Dung Hgc vifn Cdng nghp Buu chinh Viin thong SUMMARY Contributing to train pre[.]
Trang 1NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG
y/H-jr./y
3T-REN LUYEN KI NANG THUYET TRINH CHO SINH VIEN
TRONG DAY HOC TOAN CAO CAP
ThS Nguyin Tbj Dung
Hgc vifn Cdng nghp Buu chinh Viin thong SUMMARY
Contributing to train presentation skill for students through teaching advanced mathematics The article addressed the importance of training presentation skill for students, essential factors involving successful presentation and some methods in teaching Advanced Mathematics to presentation skill training Keywords: Train Presentation Skil, students, teaching Advanced Mathematics
Ngdy nhpn bdi: S/7/2014; ng^ duypt dSng: 7/7/2014
KT ndng thuyflt frinh Id mpt frong nhQng ki
ning mem quan frpng ddi vdi mdi ngudi trong cupc
sdng Di!i Id sinh vien hay da di lim, chiing ta eung
phai thudng xuydn thuyflt trinh trude dim ddng Bii
thuyit frinh thinh cdng sfl dem lgi nhung higu qui
cao cho cdng vi?c 0 cic frudng cao ding, dgi hgc
hi?n nay, nhOng chudn Id ndng mdm dd dupc dfl ra
trong mye tiflu dgy hpe Tuy nhien, di sinh vifln cd
khi nang thuyit trinh tdt hem thi vide rfln luygn ky
nang edn dupe tiin hinh thudng xuyen Hen tyc vi
cd thi ldng ghdp vio trong qud frinh dgy hpc ti^g
mdn cy thfl Toin cao cdp vdi nhttng ddc thii cua mdn
khoa hpc chinh xic, logic cd thi gdp phdn rfln luydn
kl nang thuyit trinh cho sinh vien
1 NhQ'ng dieu ki|n can thiit di thuyit trinh
thinh cdng
Thuyet trinh li qui frinh truyen dgt thdng tin
nhim dgt dupe eic mye tieu ey thfl ndo dd Dfl ddn
tdi thinh cdng, ngudi thuyet frinh cdn phai thyc hidn
dupc mpt sd yeu cdu co ban sau:
- Chudn bi tot ngi dung bdi thuyit trinh NhQng
ndi dung ndy edn cd bd cyc ch|it chfl: phin md diu,
dogn giita vi dogn ket Nd cung cap nhiing thdng tin
chinh xic, Idi cudn, cd sy I^p !u$n logic, sing tgo, cd
lien quan din ngudi nghe, khdng phd truong
- Kiem sodt dugc su cdng thdng Ddi vdi nhiflu
ngudi, thuyit trinh trudc dim ddng l i mpt vigc rdt
khd khan, cdng thing Hp thudng bj run, khdng kiim
soit dupc cU ehi vi gipng ndi cua minh Dk khic
phyc dieu niy, hp edn cd sy chuan bj tdt, hiflu ehinh
minh vi thudng xuyen luygn t§p phit biflu trude dim
ddng
- Xic djnh dupc ddi tupng khin thinh gia Ii
nhttng ai, nhiflu hay it, Idiong gian, thdi gian, hoan
cdnh thuyit trinh nhu thi nio TU dd, cd trang phyc,
cich irng xu phCi hpp
- Cd phong cdch ty tin, gfgng ndi rd ring, truyin
cim, ngdn tir chinh xic Phii dieu chinh dupc im lupng vi tdc dp cua gipng ndi, nhdn mgnh nhttng diim quan frpng, diiu chinh thdi gian thuyit frinh
Anh mdt tiip xdc vdi khin thtnh gid, cdm nhgn dugc
rdng hg cd hiflu rd diflu minh thuyit trinh khdng, cd thich nghe minh ndi khdng, thdi dd ciia hp nhu thi ndo
- Ty d^t tru&c cdc cdu hoi, cdc tinh huong cd thi
sfl phai tri ldi, phii giii quyit trong budi thuyit trinh
- Biit sir dung mgt cdch hipu qud cdc thiit bf va
cdng cy hd trg cho bdi thuyit trinh, vl dy cic bing
biiu, bUe tranh, miy chiiu, Khi diing slide, cdn phii chudn bj mdt cich kT ludng, tgo sy hdp ddn, bin frinh chiiu nfln ngdn gpn, cd dpng han so vdi bin phit cho khin thinh gii
Di trd thinh ngudi thuyit trinh xudt sdc, khdng phii li do cd ndng khiiu bdm sinh mi cdn mgt qui frinh rfln luy^n liu ddi, phii hpc t§p mdt cich toin didn frong nhi trudng v i trong cugc sdng Ddi vdi sinh vifln, sau niy hp sfl phii thudng xuyfln thuyit trinh vi cie ki hogch, eic cich giai quyit vdn di D§c bi$t, khi xa hdi khdng ngUng biin ddi, hp cd thi nhiiu ldn thay ddi cdng vi^c, nhu v$y phii diing din
kT ndng thuyit trinh nhiflu hpn Trong thyc ti, d bdt kl mdn hpe nio, sinh vifln cQng cd thi rfln luy§n kT nSng niy, chi khic nhau Ii kit qui dgt dupc nhiiu hay it
2 Rfla luy^n kl ndng thuyit trtnh troag d^y hpc Todn cao cdp
Cd mgt sd y kiin cho ring ddi vdi mdn Toin, khd ed thi rdn luy?n kT ndng thuyit trinh Thyc ti, toin hpc ed Ung dyng vio mpi ITnh vyc cda ddi sdng xd hpi Chung ta cd thi thdy frong cudn sich " Phuang phip dgy hpc mdn Toin", tic gii Nguyin Bi Kim dd nflu mdt sd vf dy cy thi Chdng hgn, nhQng cich chUng minh ddc ddo, nhChig hinh vS chi'nh xic
36 • TAP CHt THI^BIGlAO DMC-stf 107-7/2014
Trang 2NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG
vi cich trinh bdy bing d?p gdp phdn bdi dudng cim
nhdn mT thudt NhOng bin nhgc du duong, trdm bdng
Ii thfl nhung dfl tgo ra chung thi ngudi ngh? sT phii
biflu diln chfnh xic cung b^c, ddng eao dd, trudng
dd Vdi kT ning thuyit trinh, todn hpc cd thi gidp rfln
iuydn tu duy logic, tu duy sdng tgo, tri tudng tupng,
sy ehfnh xic, nhttng diiu niy giup fch eho vide xiy
dyng ndi dung bii ndi Ngoii ra, vifc rfln luy§n tu
duy phfl phin frong toin hpc giiip ngudi hpc ludn
cd thdi quen ty dit cic cau hdi, nhin nhin vdn di
dudi nhiflu khia egnh khic nhau, diflu nay sfl giup hg
chudn bi tdt cic ciu tri Idi d budi thuyflt frinh
Trong cudn sich "Phuang phip dgy hgc dgi
hpc", GS.VS Nguyen Cinh Todn dd ndi vi mdt cau
chuy?n nhu sau: Trfln dii truyin hinh cd mdt dgo
ngudi ta ddng con ei heo di quing eio cho mudi
idt Ngudi ta ndi " c i heo thdng minh vl nd sdng
trong nudc biin mi nudc biin chUa nhiiu idt"
Tie gii ehi ra rdng Idp ludn frfln chua logic, chua
thuyit phyc vl khdng tri Idi dupc cau hdi; "eic logi
ci khic cQng sdng trong nude bifln, tgi sao chung
khdng thdng minh nhu c i heo?" Ddy 14 mgt vi dy
vi vi§c nhd qudng c4o dd khdng xflt din mpi khfa
cgnh cua vdn di
' Khi dgy hpc Toin eao cip, di rfln Iuy§n khi
ndng lip ludn ch§t chfl, ndn chd y cic quy tdc logic,
cic djnh If cd phdn chUng minh thudn vi dio Ching
hgn, niu V « ^ hdi ty thl limu„ =0
Ngupc Igi, limu„ = 0 thl khdng suy ra 2]u„
hdi ty ""'
- Vi§c khuyin khfch sinh vifln tim ra nhiflu cich
giii cho bii toin, lya chpn cich giii phd hpp, chi ra
nhttng sai ldm trong Idi giii Ii nhQng vf dy giUp sinh
vifln rfln Iuy§n tu duy sing tgo, trf tudng tupng, tu
duy phfl phin Hon ntta, sy rfln Iuy§n vfl cich trinh
biy Idi giii mdt cich chfnh xic, ngdn ggn sfl bdi
dudng khi ndng viit b4i thuyit frinh eho sinh vifln
- Trong nhttng gid bii t$p, thao ludn, cd thi rfln
Iuy$n cho sinh vifln phong cich ty tin, eu ehi dinh
dgc gipng ndi trdm bdng, Chdng hgn, khi sinh vifln
Ifln bing chtta bii tip, khdng phii hp chi Idng Igng
viit xong rdi quay vi mi hp ed thi dUng dd giing
giai cich Idm trudc Idp, ndi thflm vi nhttng phuong
phip giii khic vi cho thdy cich dd trinh biy Id hay
nhdt, phd hpp nhdt Nhu viy, sinh vifln khdng nhttng
dupc rfln luy^n khi ndng thuyit trinh mi cdn hiiu
vdn di mdt cich siu sdc, sing tgo ban, khi ndng ghi
nhd kiin tiiUc cua hp cDng sfl tdt hon
Sinh vidn cd thi chuin bj bii d nhd vi trinh biy mpt sd ngi dung eCia bii mdi trudc Idp hpc, hoic thuyit frinh vi dfl tii nghifln cUu khoa hpe ma ty hp tim ra Khi dd, giing vifln vi cic bgn frong Idp phai kip thdi cd nhin xflt gdp ^, ching hgn: gipng ndi
to hay nhd, cd nhiflt tinh khdng, inh mit da hudng
vi cic bgn chua, each trinh biy cd dl hiiu khdng, digu bd thfl nio, trang phye di phii hpp ehua, Niu nhttng Idi nhan xflt dd hpp If vi thu vj thl sfl cd tic dgng rdt Idn ddi vdi ngudi thuyet trinh vi cie thanh vifln khic trong Idp, eung tuong ty nhu nhttng gdp y eiia "hdi ddng nghfl thugt" mi chiing ta thudng xem
d mgt sd chuong trinh truyin hinh hifln nay Nhung nhgn xdt cd thi gdp phdn rfln luyfln phong cich, thii
dd dling din ciia ngudi sinh vifln trfln giang dudng Ngoii ra, frong qui trinh giing dgy, neu giing vifln cd cich thuyit trinh Idi cudn, hdp din thi sfl tgo inh hudng tich eye din vifle rfln Iuy?n kT ning thuyit frinh eho sinh vifln
- Giing vifln nfln gpi y di sinh vifln ty tim hiiu thflm vi kl nang thuyit trinh, biit su dyng nhttng edng
cy hd trp (ehdng hgn bin dd tu duy, miy chiiu, ) Sinh vifln cd thi hpc nhdm vi t§p thuyit trinh frudc cie bgn ciia minh Hp edn tham khio tU sich bio, truyin hinh, tU nhttng ngudi xung quanh Trfln day chi Ii mpt vii bi^n phip nhdm gdp phdn rfln luydn kT nang thuyit trinh eho sinh vifln Nhttng bi^n phdp niy cdn dupe thyc hidn mdt cich hgp II, vira dii frong gid giing di dgt dupe myc tiflu chinh ciia mdn hpc, khdng lim chim chuang trinh, khdng giy nhim chin, n$ng ni, cd thi lim tiit hpc frd nfln bdt khd khan, sdi ndi vi giup sinh vifln hgc tip tich eye hon
Tdi li^u tham khio
1 Nguyfln Bi Kim (2007) Phuang phdp dgy
hgc mdn Todn NXB Dgi hgc Su phgm Hi Ndi
2 GS.VS Nguyen Cinh Toin, PGS Lfl Khinli
Bdng (Ddng chii bifln) (2009) Phuang phdp dgy hgc
dgi hgc NXB Dgi hgc Su phgm, Hi Ngi
3 Richard Hall (2013) (Nguyen Thj Yin djch)
Thuyit trinh NXB Lao ddng- Xi hpi Hi Ngi
4 Peggy Klaus (2012) (Thanh Huyin djch)
Sy thgt cung vi Id ndng mim Nhi xuit bin Tre, TP
HCM
TAP CHl THifrBIGlAo Dgc-stf 107-7/2014 • 31