HUONG DAN QUAN LI SUDUNG KAY DIMG HE T H 6 N G BAI TAP H 6 TRd DAY HOC PHAN M O N CHINH TA LtfA CHON (LdP 2,3] d CAC TRDdNG TliU HOC THtfA THIEN HUE 1 Li do din x&y dyng bdi t$p Chinh td Id mpt phan m[.]
Trang 1KAY DIMG HE T H 6 N G BAI TAP H 6 TRd DAY HOC PHAN M O N CHINH TA
LtfA CHON (LdP 2,3] d CAC TRDdNG TliU HOC THtfA THIEN - HUE
1 Li do din x&y dyng bdi t$p
Chinh td Id mpt phan mdn
quan ttpng ttong Tieng Vift
Cdc bdi tgp chinh la giiip h9C
sinh (HS) nam viing quy tac
chinh td; hinh thanh va phdt
trien kT nang chinh td; Ren
luyfn mgt sd phdm chat nhu
tirih can than, tinh than ttdch
nhifm ydi cdng vifc, dc tham
m! vd bdi dudng ldng yeu tieng
Vift, chir viet tieng Vift vd thdi
quen giii gin sy ttong sdng cua
tieng Vift Song tren thyc te^
HS viet sai chinh ta cdn rat phd
bien Cdc Idi do HS: - IChdng
hieu mdi quan he giira chii vdi
nghia, hoac khdng nam vung
cau true tieng Vi|t; - Khdng
nam viing quy tac chinh ta
tieng Vift yd nhat Id ldi chinh
ta bat ngudn tir ldi phat am
cua phuofng ngu SGK Tieng
Viet d tieu hpc dd chii y vdn de
nay d vifc xay dyng he thdrig
bai tap lya chpn (de trong dau
ngoac dan) ddnh rieng cho
mdi ddi tugng HS d timg vimg
phuong ngir, ben canh nhiing
bdi tap bat bupc dung chung
cho HS cd nudc Nhung do
gidi han trong khudn khd mpt
cudn SGK co ban, cdc bdi tap
nay chua du da dang de khdi
quat het nhimg dac diem rieng
ciia timg viing phucmg ngir He
thdng cdc tai lifu tham khdo
gidng day cung chua chii y
dirng miic ve van de nay Do
vay, de phii hpp vdi doi tupng
HS d timg dia phuang cu the,
GV da phai suu tam hoac ty
thiet ke dang bai tap lya chpn
cho HS ciia minh
Vilng Thira Thien- H u i cd nhidu hifn tugng phuang ngii dac tini, can phdi dugc chii y
de ttdnh sai vd sda Ioi sai ndy
Phuong ngii Thira Thien - Hue
cd nhihig dac diem ngir am
rieng bift ttong "buc tranh chung" ciia ngdn ngir dan tpc
HS ndi nhu the ndo thi viet nhu thd dy khien tre dia phuong nay mac loi chinh td do dnh hudng cua phuang ngir, sai Ifch so vdi vifc diing td toan dan Do su chi phdi ciia phdt
dm tidng dia phuang ma ngudi Hue (trong do co HS tieu hpc) thudng mac cdc ldi chii yeu sau:
1.1 Loiph^ am dau
Viet chinh ta khdng phan
biet nh/d/gi do phdt am Ian lpn
giiia cdc phu am ndy
Viet:
+Xe eg di lgi dpn dip (Diing:
Xe eg di lgi nhgn nhip.); + Con gdi Hue noi ndng rat gio gie (Dung: Con gdi Hue noi ndng rdt nho nhe.)
- Viet chinh td khdng phan bift s/x do phdt dm lan lpn giira
hai phu am dau nay
Viet: + Con ed xdu that Id sdu si (Diing: Con ed sdu that
la xdu xi); + Dem v{ mai dugc
bo xung hai cdy xung (Diing:
Dan vf m&i duge bo sung hai cdy sdng)^
1.2 Loi phdn vdn
Viet chinh td khdng phan
bift vdn oi/oai do phat am Idn
Idn hai khudn van nay
Viet: + Duac voai doi tien (Dimg: Dugc voi doi tien) ; + Hgc an hgc nodi (Diing: Hgc
Pham Thi Huvng Giang
Throng DHSP - Dgi hgc Hue
dn hgc noi)
- Viet chinh td khdng phdn bift cdc van an/ang, en/eng, dn/dng, dn/ang, on/ong, onl ong do phdt am Ian Ipn hai
dm cuoi -ri/-ng
Viet: + Ddy khoai lan lang khdp vuang (EKmg: Ddy khoai lang lan khdp vudn) ; + Nuac den chdng moi nhdy (Ehing: Nuac den chdn mai nhdy)
- Vidt chinh ta khdng phan bift cdc van ac/at, dc/dt, dt/dc, et/ec, iet/iec, uc/ut, uc/ut, udd uot do phat am lan Ipn hai
dm cudi -c/-t,
Viet: + Nguai ta Id hoa ddc (Dimg: Nguai ta Id hoa ddt); + Uong nuot nha nguon (Dung: Uong nuac nha nguon)
1.3 Loi thanh dieu
- Viet chinh td khdng phan
bift thanh hdi, thanh nga do phdt dm khdng phan biet hai ddu thanh nay
Viet: + Tinh sdu nghia ngng (Diing: Tinh sdu nghia ngng); + An gud nha ke trong cdy (Diing: An gud nha ke trong cdy.)
Do anh hudng cua phuong ngu ma HS ^Thua Thien Hue mac kha nhieu ldi sai Nhung Idi sai nay cdn phdi dupc luyen
dd phan biet, de sua, hinh thWi cho HS thdi quen sd dyng ti&ig Vift diing chinh td
Vi vay, vifc xdy dung mot
hf thdng bai tap chinh td da d?mg, phong phii vd phu hop cho viing phucmg ngu Thira Thien Hud la rdt quan ^ ttong, nhdt Id HS ddu cdp Tilu hpc (Idp 2, ldp 3) Xdy dyng mft
Ngdy nhgn bdi 29/12/2012 Ngdy duyf I ddng 25/01/2013
Trang 2hf thong bai tap chinh td lya
chpn ldp 2, ldp 3 d Thua Thien
Hue phong phu, phii hgp vdi
chu diern hpc tdp ttong SGK
hd ttg dac lyc cho GV Idm tu
hfu ttong day hgc thyc hdnh
bdi tdp phuang ngy phii hpp
vdi ddi tugng HS Thdng qua
he th6ng bai tap chinh td lya
chpn thich hgp, nang Iyc chinh
ta cua HS se dugc hinh thdnh
mpt each ty nhien vd ben vung,
md khdng can d8n nhidu nhung
kidn thiic phiic tap, n^ng ne
2 Nguygn tac xay dyng hf
Ihong bdi tap
2.1 Bdi tgp chinh td phit
hgp v&i m^c tieu cUa phdn
mon Chinh td Xay dung bai
tap chinh td nham ren ki nang
viet chinh td cho HS, gdp phdn
ren luyfn mdt so thao tdc tu
duy, bdi dudng tmh yeu tieng
ndi dan tpc cho tte No khdng
nam ngodi muc tieu chung ciia
phdn mdn, ma ngugc lai phai
bam sdt myc tieu dd Dieu dd
cd nghia Id bdi tap chinh td
lya chpn phai giup HS ren cdc
Id nang viet, nghe Ddng thdi
bai tap chinh td lya chpn giiip
HS luyfn viet diing cdc am,
van, thMih de viet sai chinh td
do cdch phdt am dia phuong
Ngodi ra bdi tap ve chinh ta
phuong ngy cung cap cho HS
vdn tii, vdn hieu biet ve ty
nhien, xa hpi, ve the gidi xung
quanh, ve cudc sdng mudn
mau
2.2 Bdi tgp chinh td dam
bdo tinh khoa hoc, thirc tien
Tinh khoa hpc ddi hdi hf thdng
bai t^p phdi cd sy tiiong nhat
giua If rih bdi tap va ngy lieu
bdi tap Cdu l&di bai tap can
phdi hdt Slic ngdn gpn, ro rang,
khdng ddi ddng, rudm rd, rac
rdi, gdy sy khd hieu vd nhdm
ldn cho ngudi lani bdi
Tinh thyc tien ydu cau
he thdng bdi t|ip phai hudng den vifc hinh thdnh d cdc em nhiing kl nang can thiet cho vifc hpc t^p cua HS d ttong nhd tiudng vd vifc giao tiep ciia cdc em ttong mdi trudng
xa hpi Ngu lifu bai tap c6 the lay tir nhieu ngu^n khdc nhau:
tho, van xudi, cdu dd vdi nfi dung xoay quanh cdc van de ciia ddi sdng
2.3 Ddm bdo tinh vi^a sire
vd tich cfrc hda hogt dgng cda
HS Vdi HS tieu hpc, mdi cdp
ldp khac nhau Iai cd nhiing diem khdc nhau vd dac diem tam li, nhan thiic, khd narig ngdn ngli HS cac ldp ddu cdp (ldp 1, ldp 2), do mdi bdt ddu dupc Idm quen vdi chu vilt, dupc thyc hdnh viet chmh td, nen nang Iyc ngdn ngu cdn kem; khd nang viet, dpc cdn ch^m, ghi nhd chua cd chii dinh, chli yeu do dupc lap di lap lai nhieu Idn thanh thdi quen nen nang luc ngdn ngii, rihdt Id kl nang chinh td chua cao vd chua ben vung Dan dan len cac Idp ldn han (ldp
3, ldp 4, Idp 5), HS dugc ndng cao han ve kT nang viet, phan vift ldi chinh td, kha nang tu duy khoa hpc cua cdc em ciing dugc ndng len mpt bac so vdi trudc Vi vdy, cdc bdi tap chinh
td khi dugc xay dyng can phdi tinh den tinh vua stic vdi HS
Bdi tap khdng dugc qua khd hoac qud de Bdi tap can phii hgp vdi khd nang ngdn ngir ciia cdc em de HS cd the thyc hifn vda khdng qua nhe nhdng cimg khdng qud n ^ g ne vdi
thm hieu biet cua minh Dp
khd ciia bdi tap cimg can dupc ndng ddn len qua cdc ldp, phii hpp vdi mdc dg nhan thiic ciia
HS Bdi tdp sau can khai thdc, cung cd vd vdn dung cdc kT nang chinh td da dugc luyfn d
ldp trudc
2.4 Gdn vdi dgtc trung phuvng ngir Thira Thien
Hue Vi bdi tap chinh td lua
chpn Id d^ng bdi tap dk luyfn
ttdnh cdc Ioi do cdch phdt am
do anh hudng ciia phuong ngii nen cdc bdi tap xdy dyng can dac bift chli y xoay quanh cdc ldi sai ciia dia phuang dd Xay dung bdi tap chmh ta lya chpn cho HS Thira Thien Hue nen npi dung bdi tap tap trung di sau vdo khai thdc cac ldi chinh
td do phdt am chua dung chinh
am d xd Hue: cac Idi ve dm ddu, am dem, dm cudi, thanh difu cua dia phuang ndy Ngy lieu de xdy dung cdc bdi tap chinh ta ciing phai gan gui, gan vdi cudc sdng hdng ngdy ciia cdc em
3 Mft $6 bai tap minh hoa
-PHANBIET S/X
Bai tap 1: Dien 5 hoac x
vao cho trong cho thich hop
Bdp dn: san bay - rap xiec
- sao bang - xdi nep {Hinh 1)
PHAN BIET NH/D
Bai tap 2: Dien vao cho
trong d hay nh ?
- giay d , nhan d
- ndi dc , dc con
Ddp dn:
- giay dd , nhan nhd; - ndi
d d c , nhdc con Bdi tdp 3: Glai 0 chir
Gai y: Cac d chu bat ddu
bang s hoac x
Ddng I: Thi ttdn du Hch ndi tieiig ciia tinh Ldo Cai, noi
cd nhieu cdnh dep nhu thac Bac, cau May, cdng Trdi, rirng Tnic Dong 2: Sinh vdt d bidn,
cd bd xuang da vdi dang canh hoa, nhieu mdu sac rye ra Ddng 3: Sinh vat cd hinh ngdi sao, sdng d dudi bien.Ddng 4: Hien tugng mdt dam mdy bay
la sdt hogc ha xudng mat ddt, mat nudc Ddng 5: (Qua) cdn
Trang 3Hinh bdi tdp 1
an bay
01 nep
- Sdn phdm (^ bdn:/wing/ioQ
- Ngudi d canh nhd mmh :
ldng giing, hdng xom
4 L C f I K t T
Hf thdng cdc bai tap da dang nhu:_ dien am, dien van vdo cho ttdng, ndi am de thanh tir diing chinh ta, giai cau do
;sir dyng cdc ngy lifu tir van, tho, ddng dao, thdnh ngu, tyc ngii ;su dyng cdc hinh dnh tryc quan sinh dpng vd nhung
sy vat hifn tugng, nhung hoat dpng vdn gan gui, binh di gan vdi cdc chu diem d Tieng Viet tieu hpc; ddng thdi bdi tap xay dyng theo nguyen tac dam bao tinh khoa hpc, tinh tich cue, tinh he thdng va tich cyc hoa hoat ddng ciia HS, phii hpp vdi myc tieu mon hgc Iam cho cdc bdi tap thiet ke tao himg thli hpc tap cho HS va mang lai hifu qua day hpc tich cue
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£)dp dn:
PHAN BIET AN/ANG
non, chua chin Ddng 6: Da
qua tir lau, trai nghTa vdi tir
nay Ddng 7: Hinh ve de, md td,
tdm tat, ghi nhd nhanh Dong
8: Trai nghTa vdi Toi Ddng 9:
Loai cay sdng nhieu tten cat,
than mgng nudc Id bidn thanh
gai (xem hinh bai tap 3)
Bdi t a p : Tim tir ngu* cd
tieng ctiira van an hay ang,
cd nghia n h u s a u :
- Nhac cy dpc dao ciia Vift Nam, chi cd mpt day
- Sdn phdm de bdn
- Ngudi d canh nhd minh
Bdp dn:
- Nhac cy dpc ddo ciia Vi^t
Nam, chi cd mgt day : ddn bdu
Thdng qua thuc hanh cdc bai
tajp chinh td lya chpn tiiich
hpp, nang lyc chinh ta ciia HS
se dugc hinh tiianh mpt each ty nhien va bdn vung, ttdnh dupc cdc loi sai do dnh hudng tut phat dm phuang ngy
Tdi lifu tham khao
(Xem tiep trang 42)
Trang 4kiem tta npi bp va ddnh gid
nham tim ra cdc sai Ifch ttong
tiing khdu (kl hogch, to chiic,
ehi dao sir dyng TBDH) ciia
hoat dpng qudn ly phdng hpc
DPT; tir dd cd cdc quyet djnh
dieu chinh kip thdi
4 Kit ludn
CSVC, TBDH hifn dgi.se
gdp phdn ddi radi PPDH nhdm
nang cao chat lugng gido dye
d trung tdm GDTX Vi vgy
cdc trung tam GDTX phdi
dgt ra myc tieu vd xdy dgng
lp trinh dl timg budc thyc
hifn kl hoach ttang bi CSVC,
TBDH Dk thyc hifn dugc
ke hoach ndy vai frd eiia Ban
Gidm ddc Trung tara GDTX
rdt quan frpng va cd tinh chat
quyet dinh Gidm ddc Tmng
tdm cin tim kiem cac ngudn
Igc va tao dieu kien ttang bi
nhilu loai hinh CSVC, TBDH
dl phyc v\i cho qud trinh dgy hgc d cdc Trung tam GDTX ddp ling ydu eau doi radi gido dye hifn nay
Tk\ lifu tham khdo
1 Chinh phil, Nghj dinh so 49/CP ciia Chinh phu ve phdt triln cdng nghf thdng tin d nudc ta trong nhiing ndm 90,
1993
2 Chinh phu nudc CHXHCN Viet Nara, Chiln luge phat trien CNTT&TT Vift Nara din nam 2010 va djnh hudng den nam 2020
3 Phd Dire Hda, Ngd
Quang Son, Phuang phdp vd cong nghg day hgc trong moi truang su pham tuang tdc,
NXB DHSP.HaNpi, 2011
4 Vuong Thanh Huang,
Hf thdng thdng tin qudn ly
l u ^ vd tiigc tiln, NXB Dgi hgc Suphgm, 2007
Summary
1 Taiget:- Biiilding the material and technical conditions,
- System development in modem teaching equipment
2 Content : Sufticient quantities, types and quality, -User the knowledge and skills,
- Create favorable conditions for people to use the device
3 Organizations perform; Vision and the capacity
of Director, Constmction planning system development facihties and technical training; - Exploitation and use of financial resources Inspection and regular evaluation
1 Hodng Thi Chau, Tilng
Vift tten cac mien dat nudc,
NXB EChoa hpc xa hdi Ha
Npi, 1989
2 Vo Xuan Hdo, Day hpc
chinh ta cho hpc sinh tieu hpc
theo vung phuang ngu, Dy dn
phdt trien giao vien tieu hpc,
Bp Giao due vd Ddo tao, Hd
Npi, 2007 '
3 Le Phuang Nga, Dang
Kim Nga, Phuang phap dgy
hpc Tieng Vift d Tieu hpc, Tai
hfu ddo tao gido vien, NXB
Gido due - DHSP Hd Npi,
2006
4 Le Phuong Thanh va
nhdm cdng tdc, Vilt dung
chinh ta tieng Viet, NXB Van
hda thdng tin, 1999
5 Vd Xuan Trang, Phuang
ngli Binh Tri Thien, NXB Khoa
hpc xa hpi, Hd Ndi, 1997
Summary One of the most prominent features of Vietnamese is the similarity between writing and speaking form Accordingly, the difference among dialects ani its complexity
in pronunciation each region are underlying reasons why a significant amount of students often mistakenly spell words
Our survey assessing the actual spelling and dictation competences of primary students in Thua Thien Hue province shows that there are a number of them spell wrongly thanks to dialect's influence Concurrently, the textbooks and other references about Vietnamese in primary
school do not pay sufficient attention to spelling mistakes made by students in Hue dialect Therefore, designing and enriching a diverse, varied exercise system which is really suitable with psychological ages of students and particular situations in teaching and leaming process in second and third grades m Thua Thien Hue is demanding It will be
an efifective implement to help students leam, consolidate and master spelling and dictation skills more naturally and avoid errors due to dialect