Trong nhung nam qua, phong trdo xay dung GDVH da dugc tridn khai manh me trdn pham vi toan qudc, da thu dugc kdt qud ddng kd, ddng gop tich cue vdo phong trao xay dung ddi sdng van hoa d
Trang 1VAN H 6 A TAI DONG BANG SONG HONG (NGHIEN CtrU TAI HTJNG Y^N, VINH PHUC, HAI P H 6 N G )
NGUYEN THI KIM HOA*
L DAT VAN DE
Phong trao xdy dung gia dinh van boa (GDVH) phdt tridn rgng khip trdn pham vi ca
nudc tfl nam 1975 ddn nay Ngdy 23/6/2006, Bp tradng Bd Van hoa - thdng tin ban hanh
Quy chd cdng nhan danh hidu GDVH Quy chd cung da quy dinh kha toan dien, ehi tidt
cdc vin dd lidn quan ddn vide xay dung, edng nhan gia dinh dat danh hieu GDVH nhu:
tham quydn cdng nhan, didu kidn cdng nhan; hd so dd nghi cdng nhan; quy trinh cdng
nhan, cdng bd quydt dinh gia dinh dat danh hieu GDVH; khen thudng, xfl ly vi pham; thu
hdi quydt dinh cdng nhan Nghi djnh 185/2007/ND-CP ngay 25/12/2007 cua Chinh phu
quy dinh chflc nang, nhidm vu, quydn ban vd td chflc bd may cua Bp Van hoa thd thao
-du lich da giao bd nay "chu tri, phdi hgp vdi cdc bd, ngdnh lidn quan xay -dung vd td chflc
thuc hidn ndi dung GDVH" Day la mdt trong bdn nhidm vu co ban vd ITnh vuc gia dinh
dugc nhd nudc giao cho Bd Van hod - the thao - du lich Trong nhung nam qua, phong
trdo xay dung GDVH da dugc tridn khai manh me trdn pham vi toan qudc, da thu dugc
kdt qud ddng kd, ddng gop tich cue vdo phong trao xay dung ddi sdng van hoa d co sd,
tao ndn tang tdt dep cho su phdt tridn ben virng ciia gia dinh Viet Nam
Tuy nhidn, trong thuc td "Qud trinh cdng nghidp hoa, hidn dai hoa, dd thi boa va hpi
nhap qudc td tao ra nhidu co hgi va didu kidn, ddng thdi ciing dat gia dinh va cdng tac gia
dinh trade nhidu khd khan, thach thflc Mat trdi cua co chd thi tradng va ldi sdng thuc
dung tdc ddng manh tdi cac gia tri dao due tmydn thdng va ldi sdng lanh manh Sir phan
hoa giau ngheo se tidp tuc tac ddng vao sd ddng cdc gia dinh." [2, 6] Vide xay dung
GDVH da dat dugc nhidu kdt qud "Tuy nhien, cdng tac gia dinh hien nay con nhieu yeu
kem va dang ddi mat vdi nhidu thach thuc Vide thuc hien Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinh con
nhidu thidt sot vd bat cap Tinh trang Iy hdn, ly than, chung sdng khdng kdt hdn, quan he
tinh due vd nao phd thai trade hdn nhan gia tang Nhidu gid tri dao due traydn thdng tdt
dep cua gia dinh nhu hidu nghTa, thuy chung, kinh trdn nhudng dudi dang co bieu hien
xuong cip Nhung xung dot thd he ve loi song vd vide cham sdc, nudi dudng ngudi eao
tudi dang dat ra nhung thach thflc mdi Td nan xa hdi nhu ma tuy, cd bac, ragu che be tha,
mai dam vd nan dich HIV/AIDS dang tham nhap vao cdc gia dinh Bao hanh trong gia
dinh, tinh trang budn ban phu nfl vd tre em, tre em bi xam hai, tre em phai lang thang
kidm sdng, tre em vi pham phdp luat co chidu hudng phat tridn" [2, 8]
Theo Bdo cdo ddnh gid tdng quan phong trao xay dung GDVH giai doan 2002
-2006 cua Bd Van hod - thd thao- du lich (sd 15/BC-BVHTTDL ngay 21/9/2007), thdng
* TS.; Khoa Xi hoi hgc, Dai hgc KHXH vi Nhan vin- Dai hgc qu6c gia Hi Ngi
Trang 212/2006, cd nudc cd 14.824.383/18.107.720 hd gia dinh dang ki xay dung GDVH
(81,87%); cd 13.142.100 hd dugc cdng danh hidu GDVH (dat 88,65% tdng sd hg da
dang ki; dat 72,58% so vdi tong so hd trdn dia bdn) Hien nay, theo ddnh gid cua mgt sd
tinh, sd hd dat danh hidu GDVH trong tinh da trdn 80%, tuy nhidn chit lugng boat ddng
chua dugc chfl trgng, van cdn hidn tugng chay theo benh thdnh tich, chay theo so lugng
ma khdng chu y ddn chit lugng cua cdc tidu chi GDVH Vide to ehuc dang ky, binh xet,
khen thudng GDVH chua thudng xuydn, chua kip thdi hoac da ldm nhung cdn thidu
nghiem tuc Mgt sd noi chua cd ke hoach cu thd dd chi dao, chua tao dugc dgng luc hap
dan cudn hut mgi tang ldp xa hdi tham gia thuc hidn
Cdc van dd vd gia dinh Id mdt dd tdi thu hut nhidu ngudi nghidn cuu tai Viet Nam,
nhidu cdng trinh nghien cuu vd gia dinh da dugc thuc hidn vdi nhidu phdt hien quan
trgng Mac du vay, chua cd nghidn cflu ndo hodn todn tap trung vao phan tich, md td
thuc trang phong trdo GDVH dang dugc tridn khai thuc hidn khap cd nudc, didu dd dat
ra nhu cau nghidn cflu todn didn vd phong trdo, nham dua ra nhiing kdt qud vd chat
lugng boat dgng cua phong trdo GDVH • Ddng bang sdng Hdng Id khu vuc cd ti Id cao ve don vi hdnh chinh vd dan sd cua
qudc gia; cd vi tri va ddc didm quan trgng ddi vdi qud trinh phdt tridn cua dit nudc, dac
bidt la trong bdi cdnh dat nudc thdi ky hdi nhap, diy manh cdng nghidp hda - hidn dai
hoa (CNH - HDH) Vide xay dung GDVH tai khu vuc da dat dugc nhidu thanh t\m va
kdt qud, nhung trong thuc tien, chit lugng hoat ddng, chit lugng danh hi$u GDVH cua
cdc gia dinh cdn chua.cao Do vay, vide khdo sdt, ddnh gid thuc trang va de xuit mdt sd
giai phap nhim nang cao chit lugng xay dung GDVH d khu vuc ddng bdng sdng Hong*
thdi ky hgi nhap, diy manh CNH - HDH dit nudc thuc sir Id vide cin thiet
Cdc tinh Hung Ydn, VTnh Phuc vd Hai Phdng vdi muc do do thi hda khdc nhau da
dugc lira chpn de thuc hidn nghidn cflu tfl thdng 5-8/2009 Trong dd, Hdi Phdng di diu
vdi toe do do thi hda manh, tinh VTnh Phuc, vdi dia bdn nghidn cflu Id thdnh phd VTnh
Yen dang trong qud trinh bidn ddi manh me vd vdi hai dia bdn trdn, tinh Hung Yen
dugc lira chgn nhu mgt khu vuc didn hinh thuin ndng vdi nhung dae trung cua ndng
nghiep Vide lira chgn ba dia bdn nghidn cflu cd sir khdc bidt nhdm chung td mdi quan
he giua qua trinh CNH - HDH va vide xdy dung phong trdo GDVH, hudng tdi vide de
xuit nhung gidi phdp nang cao chit lugng phong trdo phu hgp Tai cd b.a dia ban, chinh
quydn dia phuong da cd nhiing van ban hudng dan thuc hidn xay dimg phong trao, cdc
bdo cdo ddnh gid boat ddng, td chflc cdc boat ddng phdt dgng phong trdo, ddnh gid boat
ddng, bidu duong, khen thudng cdc dien hinh tidu bidu
Cac cau hdi nghidn cuu dugc dat ra Id: Thuc trang xay dimg GDVH tai cdc hd gia
dinh la nhu thd nao? Cdc boat ddng tridn khai thuc hidn tai dia phuong vd chit lugng
GDVH tai ddng bing sdng Hdng bao gom nhung boat ddng gi? Chit lugng GDVH vd
cdc hoat dgng tridn khai thuc hidn nhu thd ndo? Trade khi tidn hdnh khdo sdt, mdt gid
thuyet da dugc dat ra Id: phong trdo xdy dung GDVH tai dia phuang vd co ban tot, vin
tdn tai mgt vdi nhugc diem vd cdn mdt sd han chd trong vide thuc hidn vd nhan thuc cua
ngudi dan vd cac cdn bd phu trdch vd cac tidu chuin
2 g Nghlin ciiu Con ngudt sd6 (45) 2009
Trang 3Dd trd ldi cdu hdi vd kidm chung gid thuydt trdn day, nghidn cflu cua chflng tdi da sfl d\mg cdc phuong phdp nghidn cflu: phdn tich tdi lieu vd phdng vin theo bdng hoi, sd lugng bang hdi dugc thuc hidn tai cdc gia dinh d moi tinh, thdnh phd Id 200
II KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU
1 Thuc trgng thiic hipn nhung t i ^ chuin cdng nhan GDVH tai cdc hd gia dmh
Cdc tidu chuin cdng nhdn danh j^du GDVH bao gdm 3 nhom tidu chuin vdi cdc tidu chi cu thd Ba nhdm tidu chuin do bao gdm [3, 2]:
1) Guong mdu chip hdnh chu Uuong, chinh sdch cua Ddng, phdp luat Nhd nudc, tich cue tham gia cdc phong trdo thi dua cfla dia phucmg
2) Gia fflnh hda thuan, hanh phfle, tidn bd, tuong trg giup do mgi ngudi trong cdng ddng 3) Td chflc lao ddng, sdn xuit, kinh doanh, cdng tdc hpc tap dat nang suit, chit lugng, hidu qud
Ndi dung chinh cua nhom tieu chudn thii: nhdt cua GDVH Id:
a Thuc hidn day du nghTa vu cdng dan, khdng vi pham phdp luat Nhd nudc va quy ude, hucmg ude cdng ddng;
b Gift gin an ninh, chinh tri, trat tu an todn xa hdi; vd sinh mdi tradng; ndp sdng van hda noi cdng cdng;
c Khdng sfl dung van hda phim thugc loai cim luu hdnh; khdng mdc cac td nan xa hdi; khdng vi pham cdc quy dinh vd thuc hipn ndp sdng van minh trong vide cudi, vide tang vd Id hdi;
d Tham gia thuc hidn day du cac phong trdo thi dua, cdc sinh boat, hdi hgp d cdng ddng vd bdo vd di tich lich sfl - van hda, cdnh quan cua dia phuong
Tidu
chuan
A
B
C
D
Bang 1: Thuc hien nhom tieu chuan 1 (%)
Hung Ydn Tdt
67,5
54,0
92,7
56,3
Binh thudng 25,5 32,2 6,2 39,4
Chua tdt 7,0 13,8 1,1 5,3
VTnh Phuc Tdt
63,2 56,8 95,5 59,0
Binh thudng 28,7 33,3 3,8 36,7
Chua tdt 8,1 9,1 0,7 4,3
Tdt 66,2 59,9 94,4 58,0
Hdi Phon Binh thudng 26,2 30,8 3,9 39,2
y
Chua tdt 7,7 9,3 1,7 2,8 Nhom cdc tidu chuin thfl nhit dugc thuc hidn tuong ddi tdt tai cdc GDVH d ca ba dia phuong (Bdng 1) Trong so nhung tidu chuin trong nhom, tidu chuin C vd khdng sfl dung cdc van hda phim cim luu hdnh, khdng mac td nan xa hdi dugc thiic hidn rat tdt Tidu chuin B vd D cd mflc do thuc hidn tot it hon ban nhdm tidu chuin A vd C, Mac du van cd hidn tugng vi pham huong ude cdng ddng, luat giao thdng dudng bd, vi pham cdc qui dinh vd thuc hidn ndp song mdi trong vide tang, vide cudi vd le hdi nhung
sd lugng khdng ddng kd Cdc sd lieu thdng ke thu dugc tfl cdc bdo cdo cung cho thiy, sd lugng cdc vu vi pham phdp luat hay vi pham qui ude, huong ude cdng ddng tai cdc dja phuong khdng nhidu Tit cd cdc tradng hgp ddu khdng roi vdo cdc hd gia dinh da dugc cdng nhdn Id GDVH Tuy vay, vide giu gin vd sinh mdi tradng con chua dugc thuc hidn tdt tai cd ba dia bdn nghien cflu
Trang 4Nhdm tieu chudn thu hai cdng nhan danh hidu GDVH cd ndi dung nhu sau:
a Vg chdng binh ding, thuong ydu giup dd nhau, cd trdch nhidm nudi day con cdi; con chau hidu thdo vdi bd me, dng bd;
b Tre em trong do tudi di hgc ddu dugc den tradng, dat chuin phd cap gido due tieu hpc trd Idn;
c Mdi cap vg chdng cd mdt hoac hai con, khdng sinh con thfl ba;
d Gift gin vd sinh phong benh, an d sach se, cd nhd tdm, hd xi hgp vd sinh vd sfl dung nudc sach Cdc thdnh vidn trong gia dinh cd ndp sdng Idnh manh, thudng xuydn luyen tap the due the thao;
d Doan kdt xdm gidng, tham gia cdc boat ddng: hda gidi, tuong trg giup do nhau
trong lao ddng, sdn xuat, khi kho khan, hoan nan, xoa ddi gidm ngheo, ddn em ddp nghTa, nhan dao tfl thidn d cdng ddng
Vide thuc hien nhom tidu chuin ndy tai cdc GDVH d ba dia bdn nghidn cflu dugc trinh bay qua bdng sau:
Bang 2: Thuc hifn nhom tieu chuan 2 (%)
Tieu
chuan
A
B
C
D
D
Tdt
90,2
100,0
100,0
48,8
80,2
-lung Ydn Binh thudng 8,4 0,0 0,0 36,3 14,6
Chua tdt 1,4 0,0 0,0 14,9 5,2
VTnh Phuc Tdt
91,8 100,0 100,0 58,3 76,6
Binh thudng 7,6 0,0 0,0 30,9 17,0
Chua tdt 0,6 0,0 0,0 10,8 7,0
Tdt 91,0 100,0 100,0 66,5 79,9
idi Phong Binh thudng 7,9 0,0 0,0 27,9 15,0
Chua tdt 1,1 0,0 0,0 3,6 5,1 Phan Idn nhung tidu chuan vd quan he trong gia dinh, phd cap gido due, hda gidi, doan kdt xom gidng, giup dd nhau phdt tridn kinh td ddu dugc thuc hidn tdt Nhung GDVH thudng khdng cd hidn tugng mau thudn nghidm trgng gifla cdc thdnh vidn Ket hgp cung nhung bdo cdo tinh hinh kinh td - xa hdi tai dia phuong, kdt qud nghidn cuu cho thay, khdng cd tradng hgp nhung hd GDVH sinh con thfl ba vd tre em trong do tudi
di hpc deu dugc ddn tradng Khdng nhung vay, ti Id hgc sinh tdt nghidp cdc cip tuemg ddi cap C) cd ba dia ban, hiu nhu mgi ngudi ddn ddu tham gia cdc boat ddng cdng ddng nhu den on dap nghTa, nhan dao, tfl thidn, ung hd ddng bdo khd khan Tuy vay, vin con CO mdt sd tidu chuin trong nhdm tidu chuin thfl hai chua dugc thuc hidn tdt Dac
biet, nhirng tidu chi thudc vin dl gift gin vd sinh, mdi tradng vd phdng trdnh dich benh
chua dugc thuc hidn ddng bd, thudng xuydn C> dia bdn nghidn cuu thudc xa Due Thing, huypn Tidn Lu, tinh Hung Ydn, ngudi dan vdn chua dugc cung cip nudc mdy,
so lugng hd xi hgp vd sinh cdn it C) nhung dia bdn nghidn cuu cd mflc do do thi hda manh hon, didu kidn kinh td - xa hgi mang lai chit lugng cude sdng tdt hon cho ngudi
dan Vi the, nhimg vin dh vd vd sinh phdng benh, an udng hgp vd sinh dugc ngudi
dan quan tam, diu tu vd thuc hidn tdt hem
Trang 5Nhdm tieu chudn thir ba ciia GDVH hao gdm hai ndi dung:
a Kinh td gia dinh dn dinh, tidu dung hop ly, tiet kidm, cd kd hoach phdt tridn kinh
td gia dinh, nang cao ddi sdng vat chit, tinh thin cho cdc thdnh vidn;
b Cdc thanh vidn trong gia dinh ddu hodn thdnh nhidm vu sdn xuit, kinh doanh, cdng tdc, hgc tap
Bang 3: Thuc hien nhom tieu chuan 3 (%)
Tidu
chudn
A
B
Hung Ydn Tdt
66,2
87,6
Binh thudng 18,7 12,2
Chua tdt 5,1 0,2
VTnh Phuc Tdt
74,8 82,5
Binh thudng 20,0 17,0
Chua tdt 5,2 0,5
Hdi Phong Tdt
76,0 90,1
Binh thudng 18,7 6,8
Chua tdt 4,3 3,1
Kdt qud nghien cun cho thiy, tidu chuin thfl ba vd cdc vin de kinh td - ddi sdng trong GDVH dugc thuc hidn tuong ddi tdt (Bang 3) Cdc vin de ve kinh td gia dmh nhu dam bao kinh td dn dinh, tidu dung hgp ly, tidt kidm, cd kd hoach phdt tridn kinh td hd gia dinh vd cdc vin dd vd ddi sdng gia (flnh nhu nang cao ddi sdng vat chit vd tinh thin dugc thuc hidn tdt hoac bmh thudng, rit it cdc hd gia dmh thuc hidn chua tdt Mac du vay, vin dd kinh td - ddi sdng gia dinh phu thudc nhieu vdo thu nhap hang thang cua mdi gia dinh Nhung gia dinh co thu nhap cao thudng thuc hidn tdt cdc boat ddng kinh te, dam bdo ddi sdng gia dinh Sd heu thu dugc tfl ba dia ban nghidn cflu cung cho thiy 96 sir khdc bidt gjfta ba khu vuc vd thuc hidn cdc kd hoaeh phdt Uidn kinh td, nang cao ddi song vat chit, tinh thin cua gia dinh Tai Vuih Phuc vd Hdi Phdng, ngudi dan cd thu nhap cao hon, dam bdo phdt tridn kinh td va too didu kidn nang cao chit lugng cude song Tai Hung Ydn, thu nhap cua ngudi dan tu nhiing san pham ndng nghidp tuong ddi thip Vi vay, hp cdn chua co didu kidn dd xay dung nhiing kd hoach phat Uidn kinh te, nang cao ddi sdng cua hd gia finh
vi nhdn thirc cua ngudi 'ddn, hiu bet nhung ngudi dugc hdi cd nhan xet rang hg eo
biet nhung chua thuc sir am hidu vd phong trdo xdy dung GDVH Sd gia dinh nim dugc tit cd cdc tidu chuin cdng nhan GDVH chua nhieu, chua dugc 1/2 sd gia dinh thudc didn khdo sdt, mac du gia dinh hg da dugc cdng nhan danh hidu nay Nhung hidu biet vd phong trdo cdn bi gidi ban bdi nhidu ydu to, trong do ydu td trinh do hgc van dong vai tro rit quan trgng Nhung ngudi cd hgc vin eao ban thudng ed xu hudng am hidu hon, nim dugc nhiiu hon thdng tin vd phong trdo Su khdc bidt vd thu nhap binh quan cua gia dinh cung chi phdi mflc do hidu bidt cua ngudi dan vd phong trao Nhung hp gia dinh khd khan vd kinh td thudng it quan tam tdi cdc boat ddng xay dung GDVH Quan sdt cdc kdt qud nghidn cflu tai ba tinh, thanh pho dugc chgn dd quan sat cho thay co su khdc bidt vd nhan thflc cua ngudi dan vd cdc ndi dung cua GDVH tuong ddi ro 0 Hdi Phong, ngudi dan nim dugc nhidu ndi dung hon hai tinh con lai Su ban che trong nhan thflc vd phong trdo da tao ra nhidu kho khdn trong vide phdt ddng, md rgng phong trao cung nhu xay dung nhflng gidi phdp phu hgp nhim nang cao chit lugng GDVH va lam phong phu thdm nhung boat ddng tridn khai phong trdo
Trang 62 Thuc trang thuc hidn xay dung GDVH ciia cdc cip chinh quydn, cdc ban nganh, dodn thd tai dia phuang
Phong trdo xdy dung GDVH gdn lidn vdi phong trdo xdy dvmg Ldng vdn hda, Td ddn pho van hoa Quy chd cdng nhan ba danh hidu nay va nhiing van bdn phap luat cd lidn quan sau khi dugc thdng bdo tdi khdp cdc tinh thanh tren cd nudc da dugc cac dia phuang tich cue tridn khai thuc hipn Vd cdc van bdn hudng din xay dung phong trdo,
vi du nhu d Hung Ydn: ngdy 21/10/2002, UBND tinh da ra Quydt dinh so
50/2002/QD-UB vd Dd dn "Phdt tridn sir nghidp van hda thdng tin ddn 2005 va dinh hudng ddn 2010", trong dd cd cdc tidu chi xdy dung Ldng, Khu phd van hda va ban hdnh nhieu van bdn chi dao cdc dia phuang thuc hidn xay dung phong trdo Ngay 31/8/2004, BCH Dang bg tinh, khda XV ban hanh Chuong trinh hdnh dgng thuc hidn Kdt luan Hdi nghi
TW 10 (Khda IX) vd tiep tuc thuc hidn Nghi quyet Trung uong 5 khda VIII vd "xdy dung vd phdt tridn nen vdn hda Viet Nam tidn tien, dam dd bdn sdc dan tdc", trong dd de
ra muc tidu phin diu xdy dung ldng van hda, khu phd van hda dat 55% (nam 2005) vd dat 70% (nam 2010) Bang cdch ban hdnh cdc vdn ban, cap bg ddng va chinh quydn cdc cip da tao didu kidn md rgng qui md ciing nhu nang cao chat lugng phong trdo xay dung GDVH, ldng ghep cflng nhiing phong trdo khdc cua dia phucmg Khdng nhiing vay, hdng nam, phong trdo da co nhidu hinh thflc tdng ket, tuydn duong, khen thudng nhiing didn hinh tidu bidu d cdc cdp Dac bidt tai Hdi Phdng, dia bdn nghien cuu da cd nhung hoat ddng thidt thuc nham khich Id ngudi ddn cd y thflc, trdch nhiem xay dung phong trdo GDVH vd nang cao chat lugng GDVH d khu dan cu
Ciing gidng nhu vide thuc hidn xay dung GDVH tai cdc hg gia dinh, vide tridn khai thuc hidn phong trdo xay dung GDVH cua cdc cdn bd cung bao gdm hai ydu td: nhan thuc vd hanh ddng Dd tim hidu thuc trang cdc boat dgng, nghien cflu cua chiing tdi quan tam tdi vide lam rd nhan thflc cua cdc cdn bo - nhung ngudi true tiep thuc hidn, trien khai phong trdo Nhan thflc cua cdn bd dugc ddnh gid bdi muc do hidu bidt vd muc dich, cdc tidu chudn cdng nhan GDVH vd nhung vdn bdn cdc cip ban hanh nhim xdy dung va day manh phong trdo, trong dd, ydu cdu nam rd cdc tidu chuan cdng nhan GDVH la ydu td dugc quan tam nhdt Da sd cdc cdn bd bidt ddn cdc tidu chuin xdy dimg GDVH Mflc dp hidu bidt vd hoat ddng xdy dimg GDVH ciia cdc can bd cao hon so vdi mflc nhan thflc cua ngudi dan vd van dd nay Tuy vay, cdc cdn bd ciing chua thuc sir nam ro va chua ndu dugc chinh xdc ndi dung, cdn nhim lin vdi mdt sd phong trdo khdc
CO lien quan mat thidt den phong trdo GDVH
Vd tridn khai hoat ddng, d tat cd cdc cip tu cip xa, phuong trd Idn, cdc hoat ddng xay dung GDVH dugc ldng ghep thuc hidn cung cdc hoat ddng cua cdc ban ngdnh, doan thd, cu thd la Hdi Phu nft, Hdi Cuu chidn binh, Hdi Ndng dan, Mat tran Td qudc Cdc hoat dgng xay dung GDVH thudng dugc td chflc ciing vdi cdc phong trao phdt tridn kinh td - van hda - xa hdi cua dia phuong, cdc boat ddng nang cao thu nhap, dieu kien kinh te cua cdc hgi vidn vd cdc boat ddng cdng ddng khdc Cd ba dia bdn nghidn curu ddu chua CO su xuit hidn cua mgt co quan ridng bidt phu trdch hoat ddng xay dung GDVH Thieu sot ndy da khidn chit lugng phong trdo bi han chd rit nhidu Ndu cd mdt co quan,
Nghlin cUu Con ngudi s<f 6 (45) 2009
Trang 7mdt td chflc ddc lap thuc hidn duy nhit boat ddng xay dung GDVH thay vi ldng ghep
vdi cdc boat ddng vd dugc tridn khai bdi nhidu td chflc khac nhau, chit lugng phong
trdo se bidn ddi theo chidu hudng tich cue Cdc boat ddng se mang tinh dac thu va hidu
qua hon
C) don vi hdnh chinh cip xa, phudng tai cd ba dia ban co td chflc tidu ban phu trach
xay dung GDVH Didu dd da tao ndn nhung thuan Igi trong vide tridn khai thuc hien
phong trdo Tidu ban ndy da cd nhflng boat ddng thidt thuc, mang lai hieu qua trong
cdng tdc tuydn traydn, van ddng nhan dan xdy dung GDVH tuy thdi gian boat dpng chi
trong khodng 2-3 thdng chuin bi cho dgt binh xet GDVH cudi nam
3 Nguydn nhan vd khuydn nghi
Phong trdo GDVH ddt trong bdi cdnh cua mdt xa hdi dang chuydn bidn dft dpi bdi
qud trinh CNH - HDH phu thudc nhidu vdo tdc dp eua qud trinh ndy Didu do da tao nen
su khdc bidt vd thuc trang gifta cdc dia bdn nghidn cflu, tao ndn khodng cdch vd thuc
trang gifta ndng thdn vd do thi
Mdt sd nguydn nhdn phdn tich dugc chia thanh 2 nhom Idn, thupc vd thuc trang xay
dung GDVH tai cdc hg gia dinh, vd thuc trang tridn khai xdy dimg GDVH tai cdc co
quan, dodn thd Thuc trang xay dung GDVH tai cdc hd gia dinh mac du da hodn thanh
da sd cdc tidu chuan, nhung van vi pham, chua hodn thidn mdt sd tidu chi nhu: vd sinh
mdi tradng, chdm soc sfle khoe, thuc hidn luat an todn giao thdng Mdt sd li do dua ra
dd 11 gidi tinh trang ndy Id nhdn thflc cua ngudi dan vd didu kidn kinh td hd gia dinh
Trong cdc ydu td do, ydu td nhdn thflc co vai trd quydt dinh ydu td kinh td c6 su chi phdi
rat ddng kd trong vdn de ndy
Nhdm nguydn nhdn thfl hai dugc sfl dimg dd li giai cho thuc trang tridn khai xay
dung GDVH tai dia phuong cua cdc co quan, ban ngdnh Thuc trang tridn khai cho thdy:
Nhdn thuc cua cdn bd vd xdy dung GDVH con chua diy du; chua co co quan nao true
tiep chiu trdch nhidm khien cdc boat ddng xdy dung GDVH phdi "ldng ghep" vao cdc
boat ddng cua cdc ban ngdnh, dodn thd Mdt sd li do dua ra dd li gidi cho thuc trang nay
Id do cdn bd chua nimrd ndi dung thuc hidn xay dung GDVH; chua cd co quan ridng le
chiu trach nhidm ndn boat ddng cdn chdng cheo; cdc hinh thfle khen thudng - xfl phat
chua phu hgp vd chua cd nguon kinh phi cung cip cho nhan lire va vat luc tridn khai
thuc hidn xdy dung GDVH tai dia phuong
Nhung khuydn nghi hudng tdi hai nhom thuc hidn xay dung GDVH: cdc hd gia
dinh vd cdc co quan, ban ngdnh phu trdch boat ddng Ddi vdi cdc hp gia dinh, nhom
khuydn nghi dinh hudng ndng cao nhan thflc ngudi dan qua cac boat dpng tuyen tmydn,
phd bien kien thflc qua cdc boat ddng sinh boat cdng ddng, traydn thdng dai chung
Ngodi ra, nhdm khuydn nghi ndy cdn bao gdm cdc giai phdp dinh hudng phdt trien kinh
td, cdi thidn ddi sdng vat chit, tinh thin cua cdc hd gia dinh
Cung vdi nhung khuydn nghi dd Id nhom khuydn nghi ddi vdi cdc co quan phu
trdch phong trdo tai dia phuang: cin cd cdc tidu ban phu trdch phong trao; vdi nhung
boat ddng nhim ndng cao chit lugng cude song ngudi dan bing vide cham soc sfle khoe
vd dam bdo vd sinh mdi tradng, phdt tridn kinh td dia phucmg; bd sung nhung boat ddng
Trang 8nham nang cao nhdn thflc cua cdn bd thuc hidn phong trdo; xay dimg cdc hinh thflc khen thudng - xu phat, nhung hinh thflc ddnh gid cd hidu qud, chinh xdc; tdng cdc ngu&n kinh phi dd thuc hidn phong trao
Tai lieu tham khao
1 Ban Bi thu TW (khod IX): Chi thi 49-CT/TW ngdy 21/2/2005 vi xdy dymg gia
dinh thdi ky cdng nghidp hod, hiin dgi hod ddt nudc Ha Ndi
2 Bp Van hod, Thd thao vd Du lich (2007): Bdo cdo ddnh gid, tdng quan phong
trdo xdy dung Gia dinh vdn hod giai dogn 2002 - 2006, (Sd 15/BC-BVHTTDL ngdy
21/9/2007), HaNdi
3 Bd Van hod, Thd thao va Du lich (2006): Quy che cong nhdn danh hi$u Gia dinh
vdn hod (Quydt dinh sd 62/2006/QD-BVHTT ngdy 23/6/2006 cua BO Vdn hod - Thdng
tin), Ha Ndi
4 Tdng Van Chung (2000), Xd hdi hoc ndng thdn, Nxb Dai hgc Qudc gia Hd Ngi,
HaNdi
5 Pham Tit Dong - Ld Nggc Hung (Ddng chu bidn) (2001), Xd hdi hoc, Nxb D ^
hgc Qudc gia Hd Ndi, Hd Ndi
6 Bui Quang Dung (2007), Gia dinh trong cdc xd hoi ndng nghiep Tap chi Xa hgi
hpc sd 31 (3), ra ngay 15/5/2007, tr 3 2 - 3 5
7 Bui Quang Dung (2007), Xd hdi hoc ndng thdn, Nxb Khoa hgc xa hOi, Hd N^i 8.F Engles (1972), Ngudn gde ciia gia dinh, ciia chi dg tu hieu cita nha nude,
Nxb Sir that, HaNdi
9 Vu Quang Ha (Bidn dich) (2001), Cdc ly thuyit xd hoi hoc, Nxb B^\ hgc Qudc
gia Ha Ndi
10 Td Duy Hgp (1997), Xd hdi hoc ndng thdn, Nxb Khoa hgc xa hdi, Hd Ndi
11 Dang Cdnh Khanh - Ld Thi Quy (2007) Gia dinh hoc, Nxb Thdng tin ly luan,
HaNdi
12 Nguyen Linh Khidu (2001), Gia dinh vdphu nit trong biin ddi vdn hod-xdhoi
ndng thdn, Nxb Khoa hgc xa hgi, Ha Ndi
13 Ld Minh (2004), Vdn di vdn hod gia dinh, Dd tdi nghidn cuu cip Nhd nudc, Ha
Npi
14 Mai Quynh Nam (Chu bidn) (2002), Gia dinh trong tdm guong xd hdi hoc, Nxb
Khoa hpc xa hdi, Hd Ndi
15 Vu Hao Quang (Chu bidn) (2006), Gia dinh Viet Nam - Quan he, quyin luc vd
xu hudng biin ddi, Nxb Dai hpc Qudc gia Ha Ndi
16 Traong Xuan Tradng (1992), Dong thdi md hinh vdn hod gia dinh qua cdc cuoc
khdo sdtxd hdi hoc Tap chi Xa hdi hgc, sd 32 (3), ra ngdy 30/12/1997, tr 26- 29
3 ^ Nghlin ciiu Con ngudt s6 6 (45) 2009