NGLfdl HOA 6 KHU PHO CO HA NOI NLfA DAU THE KY XX QUA lU UEU D\A CHINH Trirorng horp 4 pho': Hang Bac, Ma May, Ta Hi|n, Liftfng Ngoc Quyg'n D A O THANH THUY* Ndi tdi Hd Ndi khdng the
Trang 1NGLfdl HOA 6 KHU PHO CO HA NOI
NLfA DAU THE KY XX QUA lU UEU D\A CHINH
(Trirorng horp 4 pho': Hang Bac, Ma May, Ta Hi|n,
Liftfng Ngoc Quyg'n)
D A O THANH THUY*
Ndi tdi Hd Ndi khdng the khdng
nhfie tdi khu phd co vdi cfii ten gfin
lien vdi ngfldi Ha Ndi - "36 phd'
phfldhg"-mot khdng gian lich sfl, ndi bao IflU gia tri
van hda cua nMeu cdng ddng ddn cfl, trong
dd cd ngudi Hoa Ngfldi Hoa Id dfin nhfip
cU vd con, chfiu hp cd vai trd nhfit dinh
trong cdc boat dfing kinh te' thUdng
ngMep Trong qufi trinh dinh cU, budn ban
vfi san xud't d khu p h d eo ngfldi Hoa dd
tdhg budc xdy duhg nhflhg cfing trinh tdn
giao, tin ngUdng ldm noi sinh hoat cdng
dong Tuy nMdn, trflde nhflhg bien ddng
cua thdi gian va lich sd, cdc cdng trinh nay
dfi bien d6i nMlu Dac bidt trong giai doan
cudi the ky XDC dau the' ky XX, kM lich sd
Thdng Long - Ha Ndi chuyen sang mot
trang mdi, kM Ha Ndi tfl vai tro Id kinh dd
cua ca nfldc trd thdnh thdnh phd' thUdng
dia, thi di$n mao va cau true eua Hd Ndi
vd phd' e6 da khdng cbn nguydn ven Trong
bfii viet ndy, chung tdi tim Meu ve khdng
gian cfl trd vd ddi sdhg xfi hoi cua ngudi
Hoa trong khu pho^ co, ngMdn edU trudng
hdp cfic phd' Hdng Bae, Mfi Mdy, Ta Hien,
LUdng Ngpc Quyen qua mot nguon tfl lidu
quan trpng dd Id tU li$u dia chinh Qua dd
se gdp phan nhfin di^n rd hdh vi xd h^i
ngudi Hoa d khu vifc ndy trong lich sfl
1 N g u o n tii li^u dia c h i n h v^ c a c ph6'
CO Ha NOi l i e n q u a n dd'n ngdiii H o a
Ngu6n tfl K^u dia cMnh Men dang dfldc luu gifl tai Phdng Luu trfl cda Sd Tdi nguyen Mdi trUdng vd Nhd dat Hd Ndi Tai dfiy hidn IflU trfl ede h6 sd tdi lidu vd tdi nguydn dd't dai, nhd cda, ban do ed mdn dai chu yd'u tfl nhuhg ndm 1940 dd'n nhiftig nam 1950 Khd'i tai lieu ndy gom hdh 30.000 tfiin bang khodn dien tho vd hdng trdm ban do thda dat cda Hd Ndi
Cfic tfi'm bang khodn didn tho do Sd Dia cMnh Hd Ndi thdi Phdp l$p Ve mdt hinh thflc, cfic tfi'm bfing khodn ndy Mnh chfl nh$t, dfii 25cm, rdng 20em, dflde ldm tfl chat lidu gifiy den boi day Tidu d l cua cdc edt trong td'm bfing khodn dfldc ddnh mfiy bfing tie'ng Phfip, nhflhg thdng tin khfie Id loai chd Qud'c ngfl dfldc vid't bfing tay
Cfic td'm bfing khofin dien th6 cd hai mfit, mat trfldc cd 11 cdt thdng tin, mdt
Trang 262
sau c6 5 c^t thdng tin IDnh dnh cua m?t NhOng tdi li?u trSn ngii duac cong bS
t{im bdng khodn diln thS duoc luu trO tai ddy dii s5 Id nguon thfing tin quan trpng vd
sa Tdi nguydn Mai truimg vd Nhd ddt Hd c6 tinh todn didn ve hi^n trang sOr dung N?i nhu sau: Bdng 1 khdng gian sSng cung nhu chu sd hiiu ciia
Bing 1: T^m blng khoin didn thJ s f s a i do SA D|a chfnh Hi N^i thiti Phip IJp
sau khi llirgic dich Mat trliflc cia t?m bSng khoin
Khu
VI/C
K
TH
9
MiSng
170
Phg: Phg 226 SS nhi: 17
Phudng:
SSbkng khoin:
331
Vung : Sinh TCf HI|N TRANG VA BI^N ofil CDA THJlrA OXT
Bin ke khai
ThSi
gian
Lo^l
ehitng
tCr
Ngiy lip phl^u:
2 8 - 3 - 4 4
Thinh phin cua thira dit Chi s5, lo?i thuf, dl?n tich tilng bO phin
A
1
g
2
g
Gic
66
12
Kg
30
T Sin
131
F G
239
mq
Theo doi
Mit sau cua tsfm bing khoin
BIEN fifil CHO sd Hihj Chi din
Hp va TSn
Bill Quang Huy dit Lacoste v i
vo Vu Thl ThiSu
Vi$c mua bin Ngiy thing chuyin nhuting
Cich thilc G i i c i Ngiy iip phiifu: 2 8 - 3 - 4 4
ThOng tin vS thui'
d Huy (giio su trutinp BuSi)
Theo doi
Cic thing tin khic
17, phfi s5 226
Chu thich:
A: Loai hlnh cOa nha (tiao gflm c6 bao nhiiu ting, hay cin ggi l i gic) TD trang bing khoin trSn thi nhi di c6 2 ting, trong d6 ting 1 (gic 1) c6 diin tich l i 66; gic 2'tang 2 ci5 diin tich l i 12 Kg: Loji hlnh khing gian
T: Lo?l hlnh nhi tin hay nhi t?m
Sin: Loai hlnh sin
F: Lo^l khic
Trang 3chung trong nhiihg ndm nfim mfldi dfiu thd'
ky XX Mat khfie, ng'u thdng tin dfldc xfl ly
tfit, kd't hgp vdi cfie ngu6n thdng tin lich
suf, chung t a hodn todn c6 khfi ndng xfiy
dung mdt Mnh dnh 3D v l tflng ngdi nhd,
tflhg khu phd' cua Hd N^i trong nhOhg
thgip men 30, 40, 50 cua thd' ky XX
Sdi vdi cdc khdng gian pho' phfldng ed
ngfldi Hoa cfl tru dfldc phdn dnh trong cdc
tfl lidu dia chinh md ehung tdi Ifla chon d
day bao gom phd' Hfing Bae, Md Mfiy, Ta
Hidn, Lfldng Ngoc Quyd'n Dfiy Id nhflng
con pho dfldc Mnh thdnh sdm, cd nMeu di
tich lich sfl, vdn hda, thu^c pham vi bfio
ton cap I, vfi hdh nfla nfim d trung tdm cua
Hd Ndi, cd day du efic bang khofin ve tifng
sd'nhd
6 phd' khdng cM mang tinh ddc trflhg
v l dfin cfl, vdn hda vd kinh te' vdi mot quy
md khdng qud Idn vd cung khong qua nhd
ca ve didn tich lan so' dfin, ma cdn cd di^u
kien thu$n ldi ve nMeu mdt Qua ngMdn
cflLi, giup ta tim r a nhCfe^ net ddc trflng,
dilm chung cung nhfl d i l m khde biet gifla
4 phd' vdi khu phd' c6
Theo thd'ng kd, d phd' Hang Bac - Md
Mdy - Ta Hidn - Lfldng Ngoc Quye'n cd
324 bang khodn Trong dd, phd' Hang Bac
cd 172 tfiin, phd' Ma May 103 tfi'm, phd' Ta
Hien 13 tain va phd' Lfldng Ngoc Quye'n Id
36 tain Trong 324 bfing khodn ed nhflhg
tfim Id cua 2 hodc 3 so nhfi, th$m cM Id 4
sd' nhd (thfldng la nhOttig n h a d gdc pho',
giao eua hai eon phd' vdi nhau hay tuy ghi
hai so nhfi nhuhg lai cung chung mdt khu
dfit, hodc la mdt m a n h dat dd bi chuyen
nhfldng q i ^ e n sd hilu thdnh dat cdng )
Cdc ta'm bang khodn ehu ye'u dfldc lap vdo
ndm 1944, cM ed 12 bang khodn dfldc lap
khofin dfldc Ifip vdo nfim 1946 T6ng di$n tich nhd dfit cdc loai thdng
kd tfl 324 bkng khofin lfi 46585m2, trung bMh mdi bfing khodn tfldng dfldng vdi mpt
d da't cd didn tich gfin 144m2 (143,78m2) Dfiy lfi mflc di$n tich sfin tflohg ddi ldn n@^u dem so sfinh vdi di^n tich trung blnh c^a cfic ngdi nhfi trong phd' c6 M^n nay
2 Vdi n e t vS k h d n g g i a n x a h 0 i
ngifcri H o a t r o n g k h u phd' c6 H a N ^ i
d S u thd' k y XX q u a ttf l i ^ u d i a c h i n h
Ngfldi Hoa Id mot h^ ph$n dfin cfl gifl vai
trd kinh te' quan trong trong cd cfiii kinh td^ cua Thdng Long - Hd Noi tfl nMeu th^ ky
Do nMlu nguydn nhfin khfic nhau, Hoa
kilu, i ^ d i Hoa da cd mat vd sinh s 6 i g d
Thfing Long tfl rfit sdm, ch$m nhfijt lfi vfio thdi Ijd sd Sfl cd mat cua ngfldi Hoa ldm dn budn bdn bdn eanh ngflM Vi^t lfi mdt ndt dfic truhg cua Thdng Long - Ha Noi Vao eud'i thd' ky XVII, vdi chinh sfich ndi long k i l m sofit ngoai thfldng cua chua Trinh dfi tao dilu kidn cho mot sd' ldi budn ngoai qud'c phfldng Ddng vd phfldng Tfiy xdm nh$p vdo kinh thanh Thfing Long, trong dd cd ngfldi Hoa Day la thdi dilm Hoa kilu di eif hang loat vdo Thdng Long Sfl cd mdt ngdy cang ddng cua ngfldi nfldc ngofii, trong dd chu yeu lfi khdch thfldng Hoa kieu dd budc chua Trinh phdi ra mdt loat cfic dilu l^nh cd'm ngfldi nfldc ngodi khdng dfldc trfl ngu tai kinh thfinh tfl ndm
1687 NMn chung, tfl eud'i the' ky XVII, bfldc sang the' ky XVIII, mot mdt, cdc Hoa kilu di efl vao \^dt Nam cd' gfing len loi d l dfldc cfl tru va lfim fin budn bdn tai kinh thanh Thdng Long, nhflng mat khde, ho cung hi Nhd nfldc phong kie'n nMlu lfin
Trang 464
Sang thfi ky XDC, nhd Nguygn dfi cd
mOt ad cMnh sfich nhfldng b$ vdi Trung
Qud'c, flU ddi ngfldi Hoa Thdi d i l m ndy, cdc
Hoa kilu dfi 6 at di cfl sang Vi§t Nam vd
trfin vdo Thdng Long - Hd N^i "mSi ndm
cd hdng ngfin ngfldi Trung Qufiic tdi Vi§t
Nam vd tfl 30 - 40% sd' ngfldi dd dd Ifip
ngM^p d dd't ndy^" Tfl ndm 1790, Nguyin
Anh da ban l§nh xg'p loai Hoa kilu cfl tru
theo qud qufin Dd'n ndm 1814, Gia Long
dd cMnh thflc ban cM du Ifip thdnh cdc
"bang" cho ngfldi Hoa Moi bang cd m$t
bang trfldng dflng dau do cdc thdnh vidn
trong bang bau ldn d l quan ly vfi giup dd
cdc kilu dfin cua m m h lfim dn sinh sd'ng
d Vi^t Nam, ngfldi Hoa tap trung trong 4
bang chinh: Quang Ddng, Phuc Kid'n, Trilu
Chdu vd Hai Nam Trong dd 2 bang Qudng
Ddng vd Phuc Kid'n bao gom chu ye'u Id cdc
tang ldp thfldng nhan giau cd, tfip trung
phfin ddng d Hd Ndi Cho dd'n thd' ky XIX,
cd the ndi, so' Ifldng Hoa kilu tap trung b
Hd Ndi khd ddng due Bgi Nam nhdt thd'ng
chi gM: "Thanh thi (Ha Ndi) Id n d tu tfip
cdng thfldng, ed ldn ea ngfldi nflde Thanh,
tap tuc thieh xa h o a '^2) Vfio ndm 1874, Ta
tham tri bg Le Nguyin Vfin Tfldng dfldc
phfii ra Hd Npi dfi bao cdo nhfl sau: "Hd
Npi lfi ndi ngfldi Tdu tu hpi budn bfin, nhfl
md chd chfla hdng hda, lap phd' budn bdn,
ldm thfinh cho vuL "'^' Vd theo nhlm xdt
cua mot so ngfldi Phap: " P h a n ldn cdng
vipc thfldng mai (d Hd Ndi) tap trung trong
tay cdc ldi budn Hoa kilu Hp cd khoang
chflhg 4.000 ngfldi, trdn mdt t i n g so' ddn
fldc chflhg khoang tfl 100 dd'n 120 ngMn
ngfldi"*"*' Ngfldi Hoa Miu sinh sd'ng d Hd
Ndi gom du loai ngfldi, tang ldp, ldm nhilu
nghe khdc nhau, tfl nhOhg ngfldi bdn hfing
rong, thd thu cdng den cdc dai phu thfldng
Trong dd, hp chu yd'u tfip trung vdo vide budn bfin xufit nhfip kh^u gao, thu^c pM^n, mudi, tMec vd m^t sd' m d t hdng td, lua, gid'y Kfim trong tay so' vdh ldn eung sfl khdn ngoan vd nMlu thu doan trong kinh doanh, cfic thfldng nhfin Hoa Miu nhanh chdng "phfi't" ldn vfi nfim d^c quyln nMlu mdt hfing kinh doanh, budn bdn tren dat thi thfinh Hd NOi
Dd'n dfiu thd' ky XDC, d Hfi Npi xufit Mpn
m^t t a n g ldp phu thfldng ldn budn bdn dfldng ddi, dd lfi tfing ldp phii thfldng Hoa kilu, ngfldi Hoa Bfi't cfl mdt cd' gfing ndo cua ngfldi Vidt Nam cung khdng canh tranh n l i vdi ldp ngfldi nMlu tfii nghd budn bdn ndy Chinh tfing ldp phu thfldng Hoa kilu dfi dfin dan thflc Mpn chinh sdch khd'ng chd', bao mua dd'i vdi ede tilu thfldng
- tieu chii vd thd thu cdng ngfldi Viet, de r6i sau dd sang d i u thd' ky XX, da trd thdnh nhflng nhd tfl ban thfldng n g M | p vd cdng ngMep loai vfla vd nho cua Hfi Ndi Cho dd'n thdi d i l m thflc dan Phdp sang xdm cMem nflde ta, tain cong Hfi Ndi, phu thfldng Hoa kilu dd hdp tdc khd chdt che vdi ngfldi Phdp, md rpng kinh doanh budn bdn Vd ho ngdy cdng gifl vai trd quan trpng trong kd't cfi'u kinh td' - xd hdi cua Thdng Long - Hd Npi
Bp phdn ngfldi Hoa Miu tfip trung chu ye'u d cdc phd' nhfl Hdng Ngang, Hang Bu6m thupe efic phfldng Dien Hflhg vfi Hd Khau, vd mdi sau ndy hp qud ddng due m ^ trdn sang may khu vflc chung quanh Trong pham vi d phd' Hdng Bac - Ma Mfiy
Ta Hien - Lfldng Ngoc Quyd'n c u i ^ co nMeu ngfldi Hoa sinh sd'ng vd ldm dn Ho sd'ng dan xen cflng ngfldi Vidt, vd sd hOu phan didn tich tfldng dd'i ldn Thd'ng ke tC(
Trang 5Bing 2: Sii hSu nha diit cia Hua kilu trong B phi'
BMng/PhS
Hang Bac
Ma May
Ta Hiin
LUBng Ngpc Quyin
Tdng
Tdng bing khoin
4
15
1
4
24
T6ng di(n Uch (m^)
880
2432
3
3692
7007
W 1$ %
12,6 34,7 0,04 52,7
100
{Ngudn: KB't qui xd /y 24 bing khoi!) dja chinh tai Sd TN-MT va ND HN)
ke't qua cu t h l xem tai Bdng 2
Tinh ve sd' lfldng, sd' bfing khodn thudc
v l sd hflu ngfldi Hoa trong d phd' Hdng Bac
- Ma May - Ta Hidn - Lfldng Ngpc Quye'n
lfi 24/324 bfing khodn, cM^im 7,4% so vdi
tong bfing khodn cua d phd'; tinh v l dien
tich, tM con so' n a y Id 7007/44537, cMd'm
15,7% so vdi dien tich todn d phd'
Theo mdt nguIn tdi lieu khfic thuOc phdng Sd Dia ehinh Hd Ndi tai Trung tdm IflU trfl Qud'c gia I, vdo thdi dilm ndm
1949, khdng ldu sau thdi diem cua tfl li^u dia cMnh (1943-1944), danh sdch ngfldi Hoa thudc pham vi d phd' dfldc lidt ke mdt each cu t h l Danh sdch ndy cung cfip cho chung t a thdng t i n tfldng dd'i chi tid't ve ten tu6i, vi tri n h a da't, didn tich thfla da't, khu,
Bdng 3: S& hiTu nha dS't cOa Hoa kig'u thufic 6 phfi' Hang B^c - Ma MSy - T9 Hien - Lu'cmg Ngpc Quye'n ndm 1949^^'
Hg vi tin
Chan Hon Sang
Ly Hong Pha
Quynh Thien Duong
Tchong Schuan
Teng Nai K'ang
Houang Fou Mien
Truong Thi Phuong
HOi nguoi Quing OOng
Do
Do Tsie
Houang Tsi
Koc Bao Chan
Kuan Sune
Luong Ka Pianq
Thira k i Nam Sang
Tac Pan
Vi tri gia sin
67 Hang Bac
20 Hang Bac
10 Hing Bac
23 Hang Bac
8 Hang Bac Hang Bac Hing Bac
42 Ma M i y 26-28 Ma M i y
40 Ma May
45 Ma May
59 Ma May
49 Ma May 20-22 Ma May
11 Ma May
19 Ma May
Difn tich
336 th.v
l l S t h v
237 th.v
137 th.v
139 th.v
670 th.v
213 th.v
89 th.v
133 th.v
89 th.v
108 th.v
109 th.v
118 th.v
87 th.v
482 th.v
256 th.v
Khu vi so thSa
D-88 B-303 B-308 B-110 B-309 B-464/4 D-104 B-43 B-50 B-45 B-81 B-74 B-79 B-52 B-9 B-13
Khu vi sgbang khoin
P.L 145 G.M 317 G.M.312 P.L.192 G.M.311 G.M.16 P.L 186 G.M.232 G.IV1.241 G.M.236 G.M.272 G.M.265 G.M.270 G.IVI.243 G.M.I 97 G.M.201
Trang 6Tchao Pou Yun v i Luong Fay
Truong The Phu
Truong The Phu
Truong The Phu
Truong The Phu
Truong Vinh Ky
Tsanh Nhi
Tseng Yu Siman
V i Lieuo Che
Ung Tai Ky
Li Koung
Ung Tai Ky
Tcheou Ham Pang
Ly Quan
Do
Tsie
52 Hang Bac
Koc Bao Chan, tic: Kuou Pou Chan
Kuan Sune, tile: T.T.Thuin
Lieou King, tuic; Lao King
NguSi quin ly: M.Wou Kiun
Ly Hong Phat
V i Luu Thi Thinh
Quynh Thiin Duong
Tac Pan tiic Pan Tac Pan
B i Tchang Tsieu Line
Tchao Pou Yun v i Luong Fay
70B Hing TrSng
TnOng Thi Phu - chua thanh niin
ngufii quin ly hi;ip phap ciia
nguSi cha Trudng Vinh Ky
Tsanh Nhi
34-36 m M i y
96 Ma M i y
94 Ma M i y
100 M i M i y
98 M i M i y
92 Ma M i y
18 Ma M i y
93 M i M i y
7 M i M i y
Ma May
79 Ma M i y
Ma M i y
Ma M i y
86 Ma May
Ma M i y
40 Ma M i y
45 Ma M i y
59 M i M i y
49 M i M i y
170 Hing Bjc 20-22 Ma M i y
20 Hang Bac Phia sau phff v i ngo Ma M i y
10 Hing Bac
19 M i M i y 95-97 Ma M i y 34-36 Ma M i y v i 5
D i o Duy Til
8 Hang Bac
96 Ma M i y
94 Ma M i y
100 Ma M i y
93 Ma M i y
92 M i M i y
18 Ma M i y v i Dio Duy TO
93 Ma M i y
-7 Ma M i y
29 T? Hiin v i 95 NguySn Khuvi'n
88 th.v
105 th.v
45 th.v
90 th.v
407 th.v
243 th.v
161 th.v
64 th.v
199 th.v
68 th.v
162 th.v
24 th.v
13 th.v 2.400 9.600 10.800 7.200 5.800 19.100 2.500
4.800 3.500 6.000 4.800
4.800 3.600 4,800
4.800
430
450
1.900
4.200 2.600 1.400
2.900
B-324
B-325 B-322 B-323 B-326 B-53 B-130
A-977 B-123 B-270 B-272 B-329 8-329/1
B-4
B-81 B-74 B-79 U-367, 424 B-2,21 B-303
B-308 B-13 B-131
B-47 B-309 P-324
B-321 B-322 B-323 B-326
8-3
B-130 A-977
G.M.352
G.M.351 G.M.353 G.M.353 G.M.350 G.M.244 G.M.375
G.M.321 G.M.368 G.M.176 G.M.174 G.M.346 G.M.498 G.M.236 G.M.272 G.M.265 G.M.270
1368 Dlnh Ngang G.M.243 G.M.317
•>
G.M.312 G.M.201 G.M.376
G.M.238 G.M.311 G.M.752
G.M.351 G.M.353 G.M.353 G.M.35
G.M.244 G.M.375 G.M.321
Trang 7s6 thda vfi so bfing khodn qua bfing thong
kd: Bang 3
Nhfl vfiy, cho de'n gifla thd' ky XX, so'
Ifldng ngfldi Hoa tdp trung d khu vflc 36
ph£t phfldng tfldng dd'i nMeu Ho phfin ldn
qud gd'e hai tinh Quang Ddng vd Phdc Kie'n
(Trung Qudc) Tai Hd NOi, Hoa kilu, ngfldi
Hoa gd'e ttfng tinh (Quang Ddng, Phue
Kid'n) diu t5 ehflc thdnh mpt "bang", bfiu ra
bang trfldng de trdng eoi vipe chung M6i
bang ed mdt ch5 ldm vide gpi Id "HOi qufin",
vfla lfi ndi thd cung, d i n g thdi Id ndi tu hop
vd bdn cdng vide kinh doanh budn bdn
Viit Bdng hdi qudn bi k^ (Bdi k;^ bia hdi
qufin Viet Ddng) ldp nfim Quy Hdi mdn
Mdu Gia Long (1803) gM vide Hoa kilu
ngfldi Quang Ddng dd nMlu nhd, nMeu ddi
sinh sd'ng 6 Thdng Long Nfim Ky Mui
(1779), cdc vi Hoa Miu cao tu6i da cung
nhau gdp tien cua cdng dfle, mua dat vd
khdi cdng xay dflng hpi quan, dd'n dau ndm
Canh Than (1800) hodn thdnh Tfi'n pM
hdn 7.000 quan tien kem Mudn hdn
ngfldi Quang Ddng, theo Phuc Kiin hdi
qudn hung sdng luc (lap nam Gia Long 16
(1817), Hdi qudn cua ngfldi Phuc Kid'n
(Mpn d sd' 40 phd' Ldn Ong) dfldc "cac nhfi
budn ngfldi Phuc Kien sd'ng nMeu ddi d
Thdng Long gdp t i l n xfiy dflng , ndm Binh
Ty (1816) cdng vide hodn thdnh, rflde than
tfldng an vi thd phung", bia cdn cho biet
tdn cua 32 Hoa kieu ddng gdp tien cho vi$c xdy diihg ndy
Ben canh dd, cdc HOi qudn ngfldi Hoa trong d phd' Hdng Bac - Ma Mfiy - Ta H i | n
- Lfldng Ngpc Quye'n eung dfldc phan dnh nMeu qua tfl lieu dia cMnh thu thdp dfldc Hdi quan Id loai hinh kid'n tnic gfin vdi cfic sinh boat tin nguSng vfi sinh hoat cpng
d i n g cua ngfldi Hoa Vdi hai chflc nfing Id
cd sd hdnh cMnh vd cd sd tdn gido, m6i hOi qudn gfin bd trflc tid'p vdi cdng d i n g ddn cfl
dd xfiy dflhg nen di tich
Theo thd'ng kd tfl sd lidu dia cMnh dfldc lap vdo khoang gifla the' ky XX, sd' qudn cua ngfldi Hoa trong d phd Hdng Bac - Ma May - Ta Hidn - Lfldng Ngoc Quye'n cd didn tich nhfl sau: Bang 4
Qua bang sd' lieu tren cho thfiy, tai thdi diem nhflng nam 1943-1944, trong d phd Hang Bac - Md Mdy - Ta Hidn - Lfldng Ngpc Quyd'n, cd 3 hfii qudn cua ngfldi Hoa vdi dien tich la 1145, cMd'm 2,6% tong didn tich toan d pho' Cdc hdi quan nay phdn bd
d Mfi May (2 hdi quan) va Lfldng Ngpc Quye'n (1 hdi qudn)
Nd'u tinh trung binh tM dien tich cua mdi hdi qudn la: SBlm^, gfi'p 1,2 lfin so vdi dien tich trung binh cdc di tich cua ngfldi Viet trong cung d phd' Kd't cfi'u khfing gian cua cdc hdi qudn ndy theo sd' Ii?u dia cMnh
B a n g 4: Di tich c u a ngt^di Hoa t r o n g d pho'
Budng/Phd
Ma May
Luong Ngoc Quyen
Tons
Tin di tich
H6i quan ngu&i Hoa Hoi quan ngUdi Hoa H6i quan
Diin tich
89 (m=)
133 (m^)
923 (m^)
1145 (m'')
Ty li % so vdi todn 0 phd 0,2%
0 , 3 %
2 , 1 % 2,6%
Trang 8B&ng 5: Ph&n b ^ k h 5 n g g i a n cAa hOi q u d n
Logi hinh
Di|n ticli (m")
Tin sS xuit
hi^n
TJ 1$ v4 di#n
tfch (%)
Gdcl
698
3
70
Gdc 2
-Ode 3
-Khdng gian
164
2
14,32
Nhd tgm Sdn
283
3
24,72
Tgng di$n Uch
1145
286
100,00
(Nguin: Kit qud xit Ij 286 bing khodn dja chtnh tgi Sd TN-MT vd NB HN)
duoc t h l h i i n qua bdng thSng k i : B i n g 6
Theo b4ng eS U$u t r i n , losii Mnh xufit
hi^n nhilu nha't 14 "gdc 1' vk "sin" (3/286
b l n g khoin) Trong d6 gSc 1 chi^m ty 1^ v l
diin tich IcSn nhfi't (70%), sau dl'n 'sfin'
(24,72%), vh cuoi cting 14 loai hinh "khong
gian" (chie'm 14,32%)
Cung gid'ng nhu cfic di tich cua nguM
Vi^t, cfic hoi qufin cua ngi^bi Hoa trong 6
pho chi CO gac 1, khong c6 gac 2 vfi gac 3
Ki't ca'u chung cua m l i hpi qufin theo tu
Heu dia chinh g I m co nhfi - sfin - khong
gian KS't ca'u nfiy cung tuong tif nhu kS't
cfiu khong gian d cua ngufii Hoa vfi ngU6i
Viet trong khu p h i co
Nlu nhu nhieu di tich thupe sd hiiu cua
nguM Vi| t trong 6 pho theo tU lipu dia
chinh Ifi da't chua xfiy dung, tiJc chUa c6
Ioai hinh nhfi gfic; hofie xfiy dung tam thM
du4i dang mot nhfi tam tM cfic h | i qufin
cua nguW Hoa trong 6 p h i lai diu duoc xfiy
dung nhfi mpt gfic c6 thSm sfin, khong
gian
Vi nhieu ly do, c6 t h l do bie'n dpng cua
lich suf, do thfti gian mfi nhiing hpi qufin
trong 6 pho Hfing Bac - Ma Mfiy - Ta Hipn
- Luong Ngoc Quyen dfi khong cbn Cho
den nay, khu p h i co chi cbn lai hai h^i
qufin v()i hai phong cfich kien tnic khfi ro
nfit 14 HOi qufin Phuc K i l n ( s i 40 p h i Lfin Ong) vfi H | i qufin Qufing Ddng ( s i 22 Hfing Buom) Thbng qua vi§c tim hilu cfic
h | i qufin nfiy, chung ta c6 t h l p h ^ nfio hinh dung lai k h i n g gian h | i qufin cua
ngdiJi Hoa n l i chung (trong d l d cfic h6i
qufin thulc pham vi I pho nghien cAj) Hai hoi qufin Quang Dong vfi Phuc Kiln dupc xfiy dung k i t hgp ca hai phong cfich kie'n tnic - n ^ e thufit Trung Hoa vfi Viet Nam Bp khung nhfi dupc lfim b ^ g go vdi cfic thdc vi "chong ruimg", dSc bi$t 14 he
"cung tam phuong" dUBc sil dung tai nhi
phu<mg dinh, hp t h i n g dfip dd ho4nh vUOn
d4i tai tam quan vfi nhfi phUbng dinh Day
14 mpt di tich kie'n true dep, d | c dfio Trong khi d l , h | i qufin Qufing Dong ( s i 22 Hfing Buom) dUBc xfiy dung vdi kilu thUc, cha't Upu khfie Mfit bfing xfiy dung ldn bao gIm
n h i l u n i p nhfi tao thfinh Sfinh chinh duac lfim n h u kilu hpi tnr&ng mang kilu dfing phuang Tay Cung t h * ehinh e6 bp khung
go, nhfi dupe xfiy eao, vi "thuong gifi chiing
ha ke", cfie hoa tiet trang tri t r e n k i l n true mang phong cfich nghS t h u j t Quang Ding (Trung Quo'c) Hai bfin kieh true chinh la cfie kie'n true phu cung c l quy m l do s?
0 6 the n l i , sU hi$n difin cua nhiing kien true Hoa mfi tieu bilu lfi eac hpi qufin trong
Trang 9di, song cung gdp phfin ldm phong phu, da
dang t h e m hd thd'ng di tich kig'n trflc cua
Hd Ndi
M p t v a i n h ^ n x e t kfe't l u $ n
Dd'i vdi ngfldi Hoa, sfl t6n tai cua cdc di
tich ki^n true Id nhflhg bfing chflhg v l vdn
hda vd ddi sd'ng cua hp Nd cho thfiy bdn
canh mdt khdng gian dfi thi vdt chfi't,
Thfii^ Long - Hd Npi edn stfng trong mOt
khdng gian dd t h i huyen thoai vd tMdng
lidng
Trong giai doan nda dau thd' 1 ^ XX, d
phd' Hang Bac - Mfi May - Ta Hidn - Lfldng
Ngpc Quyd'n cd 3 hpi qufin, cM^m 2,6%
t6hg didn tich todn d phd', chu yd'u lfi hpi
qudn cua ngfldi Quang Ddng - ndi sinh hoat
cOng dong vd sinh boat tdn giao
So vdi efic di tich eua ngfldi Vidt, cdc h^i
qudn ndy cd quy md dien tich ldn hdn vd
thfldng dfldc xfiy dflhg mdt each kien cd'
dfldi dang nhflng ngdi nhd Mnh d'ng mdt
gde, cd sfin vd khdng gian kd' tie'p Kd't cd'u
ndy ciing tfldng tfl nhfl ket can khdng gian
d cua ngfldi Hoa vd ngfldi Vidt trong khu
phd' CO Nhflhg di tieh ndy Id phan quan
trong trong vi?e tim Meu ve ngfldi Hoa
tren vung dfift Thdng Long - Hd Ndi Tuy
nMdn, dio den nay cdc di tich ndy diu
k h o i ^ cdn t i n tai, chdng cM cdn trong ky
flc cua nhflhg edng ddng d a n cfl trong khu
phd' coy
C H U THICK
1 Bgi Nam thuc luc, Tfip XV (1965), Nxb
KHXH, Ha Ndi, tr 61
2 Bgi Nam nhdt thdng chi, Tfip 3 (1971), Nxb
3 Nguyin Thfla Hf (1993), Thdng Long - Hd
N6i thi k^ XVHXVUIXnC, Nxb Hdi SOr
hoc Vi^t Nam, Hd NOi trl61
4 Nguyin Thifa HJ (1993), Thdng Long • Hd
N6i thi ky XVII-XVIII-XIX, Nxb Hdi Sit
hoc Vidt Nam, Hd Ndl.trl62
5 HI so 810, phdng Sd Dia chinh Hd NOi tai Trung tfim liAi trfl Qudc gia I: Liste des Propri^taires cliinoises et fiiangais (Danh sfich chu sd hflu nhd ngUdi Hoa vd ngiidi Phfip)
T A I LifiU THAM K H A O
1 Andrd Masson, Hd Ndi giai dogn
1873-1888, Nxb Hfii Phdng, 2003
2 Bgi Nam thuc luc, Tdp XV (1965), Nxb
KHXH, Hd NOi
3 Bgi Nam nhdt thdng chi, T^p 3 (1971), Nxb
KHXH, Hfi Ndi
4 Nguyin Thi Hba (2002), "HOi qudn Phuc Kid'n, phd Lan 6ng, Hd Npi, mpt cdng
trinh kien true rfi't quen md Tat la", KCH,
(3), tr.89-100
5 Nguyin Thfra HJ (1993), Thdng Long • Hd
Ndi thi fejf XVH-XVHI'XIX Nxb Hdi Sil
hoc Vidt Nam, Hd NOi
6 Nguyin Thfla Hy (1993), Thiing Long - Hd
Ndi thi' ky XVII-XVIII-XIX, Nxb HOi Sd
hoc ^^Ot Nam, Hd Npi
7 Nguyin Vinh Phdc, "NgUdi Hoa vdi sfl hinh thdnh cac phd nghi d Hfi Npi", trong BusSc
ddu tim hiiu sU tiip xdc vd gicio lUu vdn hoa Viit - Hoa trong lich sd (Pham Ddc
Dddng - Chfiu Thi Hdi,cb), Nxb Th^ Gidi,
Hd NOi 1998
8 H 6 so 810, phdng Sd Dia chinh Hd Npi tai Trung tdm luu trfl Qud'c gia I: Liste des Propridtaires cMnoises et fran^ais (Danh sdch chu sd hflu nhd ngddi Hoa vfi ngddi Phfip)
9 H I Sd 3258, phong Tod Die L^ Hd NOi tai
trung tam luu trfl Qudc gia I: Biiu tra ddn