Bat ddu bdng viec hlnh thdnh Chinh sdch phdng ve quoc gia ca bdn ndm 1957, tiep do la den Nguyen tdc chi dgo chuang trinh quoc phong ndm 1976, chinh sdch an ninh cua Nhgt Bdn tic cho co
Trang 1NHIN IAI CHINH SACH AN NINH CUA NHAT BAN
THOIKY CHIEN TRANH LANH
(Tiep theo)
TRinm&VllTHA*
Tom tat: Trong giai dogn Chien tranh Lgnh, mgc dit het sue thu dong va phu thuoc vao
My ve mat an ninh, nhung khong phai vi vgy md Nhgt Ban Idiong co chinh sdch an ninh rieng cua minh Bat ddu bdng viec hlnh thdnh Chinh sdch phdng ve quoc gia ca bdn ndm
1957, tiep do la den Nguyen tdc chi dgo chuang trinh quoc phong ndm 1976, chinh sdch an ninh cua Nhgt Bdn tic cho con ma ho da ngdy cdng trd nen ro net vai nhirng muc tieu cUng nhu dudng hudng chinh sdch cu the Ddng chuy trong thdp nien 1980, chinh sdch an ninh ciia Nhgt Bdn da chuyen sang mot giai dogn mdi tich cue han vdi viec nhdn mgnh hgp tdc qudn su Nhgt-My vd xdy dttng khd nang phong v? cua Nhdt Bdn Ddy cd the coi la tien de cho viec tiep tuc phdt trien chinh sdch an ninh trong cdc giai dogn sau do ciia cudng quoc nay
Tu- khoa: Luc luoTig phong ve Nhat Ban, Chinh sach an ninh, Nguyen tac chi dao chuang trinh qu6c phong, Chuang trinh phong ve trung han
2 Giai doan nhtmg ndm 1970
Buac sang thap nien 1970, Nhat Ban vSp
phai mot loat cu soe Ian anh huang true tiep
den vi|c hoach dinh chinh sach an ninh quoc
phong giai doan nay Dau tien la sir kien
T6ng th6ng Nixon sang tham Trung Qu6c va
ky ket Thong cao chung Thuang Hai nam
1972 Viec My khong bao tnxac quay sang bat
tay voi Trung Quoc da khien Nhat Ban cam
thay bi phan boi Tiep do xay ra cuoc khung
hoang dku lira nam 1973 va viec My tu choi
ho tra Nhat Ban' lai cang lam sut me them
tinh cam ciia Tokyo doi voi Washington Su
ran nut trong quan he vai My da thoi thuc
Nhat Ban thSy can phai co mpt chinh sach an
ninh ty chii hem Ket qua la vao nam 1976,
Chinh phli Nhat Ban da dua ra ban Nguyen
tdc chi dgo chuang trinh quoc phong
(NDPG) d^u tien neu r6 chinh sach an ninh qu6c phong cua Nhat Ban trong giai doan dugre eho la "ky nguyen eiia sir hoa hoan"
Npi dung ban Nguyen tdc chi dgo chuang trinh quoc phdng nam 1976 dugfc ehia thanh
6 phan chinh; (1) Cae mue tieu; (2) Tinh hinh qufic te; (3) Khai niem phong vg eo ban; (4) Tu the quoe phong; (5) Tu the ciia cac luc lugfng phong ve luc quan, khong quan va hai quan; (6) Chinh sach ea ban va eac van de can xem xet trong viec xay dung kha nSng quoe phong^
Co thi thiy, tuang tu nhu trong Chinh sdch phong ve quoc gia ca bdn nam 1957
truac do, mue tieu eiia an ninh quoc phong
trong ban Nguyen tdc chi dgo duac Nh$t
ThS, D^i hpc Quoc gia Ha Npi
' Trong tinh hinh kho khSn cua cupc khung hoang dSu liia
nftm 1973, My da tir choi dam bao cho Nhat Ban tiep c§ti
vdi ngu6n diu 6 Alaska va igc dia M^
' National Defense Program Guidelines 1976 tren websits: http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac-jp/~worldjpn/ documents/texts/ docs/19761029.01E.html
74
Trang 2Nghiencitu khoa hoc
Ban xac djnh la bao ve djt nirac va ngan
chan cac cupc tin cong xam lupc tvr ben
ngoai Ngoai ra, van kien nay cung noi ro
them frong bii canh tinh hinh chinh tri quic
tS khong CO thay dii Ion nao thi "muc tieu
quoc phong phu hpp nhdt la duy tri mpt tir
the giam sat toan difn trong thcri binh va khi
nSng doi pho hiSu qua vai nhihig tmh huing
tan cong quy mo nho va co gioi han NhSn
manh vao nhiem vu quoc phong yeu cSu,
trong khi duy tri can bang viec t i chiic va
trien khai, bao gim h i trp h$u cjn"
Mpt trong nhiing diim dang chii y ciia
ban Nguyen tdc chl dgo phai ki din do la
"khai niem phong ve co ban" v6i npi dung
chinh nhu sau:
(1) Ngdn chdn xdm lugc co vii trgng
Chinh sdch phdng vf ca bdn cua Nhgt Bdn
Id de cd tngt khd ndng phdng vephii hgp trong
khi thiet ldp quan diem hdnh dgng hieu qua
nhdt ddi v&l khd ndng ngdn cdn su xdm lu&c
Ngodi ra, cdn xdy dirng quan diem phong ve
ve khd ndng dot phd v&i bdt ky su xdm lu&c
ndo thong qua viec duy tri Hiep u&c an ninh
Nhgt-My vd ddm bdo hogt dgng sudn se cua
ca che do De chdng Igl mdl de dga hgt nhdn,
Nhat Bdn se dug vdg khd ndng rdn de hat
nhdn ciia My
(2) Chdng Igl su tdn cong
Neu cd su tdn cong hay bdt cir hogt dgng
qudn su bdt hap phdp ndo cd the ddn den mgt
su tdn cdng nu&c Nhdt thi Nhgt Bdn se cd
hdnh dgng ddp trd ngay lap tuc de s&m dn
dinh tinh hinh
Neu CO cugc tdn cdng true tiep dien ra thi
Nhdt Bdn se ddy liil cugc tdn cdng do mgt
cdch sam nhdt cd the bdng hdnh dgng ddp trd
ngay ldp lite vd cd gdng hdnh ddng mgt cdch
cd he thdng vd thdng nhdt trong khd ndng phdng ve cita minh Vd nguyen tdc, Nhat Bdn
se ddy liii cdc cugc tdn cdng quymd nho vd co gt&l han md Ididng co su hd tra ben ngodi Trong tru&ng hcrp tu minh khdng ddy liii dugc cugc tdn cdng do do quy mo, cdch thOc hay cdc yeu td khde cita cuoc tdn cdng thi Nhat Bdn se tiep tyc kien tri chdng lgi cho din khi
cd Slf hap tdc tir My di day liil duac cugc tdn cdng do
Khai niem nay cho thay vai tro cua lire lupng phong ve Nhat Ban da dupc nang cao hon, tCr chi dira hoan toan vao My chuyin sang CO kha nang tu ve trong nhung truang hpp cupc tSn cong quy mo nho va co giai
han' D i lam ro hem, ban Nguyen tic cht dgo
cung da neu eu thi tu thi quic phong va tu the ciia cac lire lupng phong ve luc quan, khong quan va hai quan ciia Nhat Ban Vi tu the quoc phong, Nhat Ban se duy tri kha nang phong ve thdng qua cac hoat dpng nhu thiet lap eanh bSo va giam sat, thiit lap chong tin cfing gian tiip va cac hanh dpng bat hpp phap bang cac phucmg tien sir dung siic manh quan sy:, thiit lap chong tin cong quan su true tiip, thiit ISp chi huy thong tm lien lac, giao thong vSn chuyen va eae dich
vu h i trp hau cSn, thiit lap giao due va dao tao nhan su, va thiet lap cac host dpng ciiu trp thien tai Con ve tu the ciia cac luc lupng
phong ve, thic nhdt la Luc Iupng phpng ve
luc quan (GSDF), luc lupng nay phai trien khai cac su doan va cac dem vi mpt each can
' Theo S^ch trang quoc phong nam 1977, "cuoc tan cong nhiing chuan b) quy mo Ion theo mpt each bat nga de khong tiet lp y djnh cua ben tSn cong va dil^c dir djnh de quy mo cua cupc tan cong nhir vay dupc xic dinh xap xi Idioang ba dfin bon su doan b$ binh
NGHIEN cdu CdNQ BflC A s d 5(171) 5-2015
75
Trang 3Nghien cihi khoa hpc
bang phil hpp vcri dac diim tu nhien eila
Nhat Ban di co the dat duac cac hoat dpng
phong ve mpt each he thong hieu qua va
nhanh chong khi bat dau xay ra cupc tan
cong vao bat cii khu vuc nao ciia Nhat Ban
Ngoai ra, luc Iupng nay ciing phai co it nhat
mpt dan vi tac chien trong moi ehiing loai
binh chiing phuc vu cac ho£it dpng lim dpng
va sa hiiu cac dan vi ten lua dit doi khong
CO kha nang trien khai phong ve tren khfing
doi vai cac khu virc trpng yeu a dp eao thap
Thic hai la Luc lupng phong ve hai quan
(MSDF), luc Iuong nay phai co mpt ham d$i
tau hp tong de nhanh chong dap tra cac hanh
dpng tin cong va nhOng tinh huong tuong tu
tren bien va ham dpi hp ting nhu vay phai
duy tri it nhat mpt dpi tau nho luon trong
tinh trang bao dpng Luc Iupng phong ve hai
quan la cac dan vi tau giam sat va phong ve
bet biin can co it nhit mpt su doan co kha
nang chfing tau ngam luon sin sang trien
khai trong moi viing bien dupc phan cong
Ben canh do lire Iuong nay ciing phai duy tri
cac don vj tau ngira, may bay chong tau
ngam va quet min thyc hien nhiem vu giam
sat va phong ve cung nhu quet min tai cac
cang quan trpng va cac eo bien chu yeu khi
can va phai c6 cac don vi may bay chong tau
ngam canh cung de thye Men cae nhiem vu
nhu giam sat va tuan tieu a cac viing biSn
lan can va bao ve cac tau tren bien Thu ba la
Lye lupng phong ve khong quSn (ASDF),
lire Iupng nay phai cp: eac dan vi kiim soat
va canh bao may bay cfi kha nang giam sat
lien tyc toan bfi khfing phan cua NhSt Ban;
cac don vj may bay chien dau, ten Iua tim
cao va dat doi khfing de phong v | tren khong,
duy tri canh bao lien tue d i co thi ngay lap
tiic chfing Iai nhimg su xam pham khfing
phan eiia Nhat Ban eung nhu cic cupc tan cong tren khfing; cae dan vi efi thi tham gia cac nhiem vu nhu ngan ehan cae cupc xam lupc trSn khfing hay d i bp xuing mat dit, hfi trp tren khfing, do tham tren khfing, canh bao
som chfing Iai su x&m nhap tim thip va v|in
chuyen hang khong Nhu v$y, qua day cfi the thay viec nang cap chat Iupng phong ve dupc Nhat Ban dac biet nhan ra^h
C P the noi, ban Nguyen tdc chi dgg chuang trinh qudc phdng nam 1976 dupc
coi la van ban vach ra duong huong phat triSn ciia Iyc lupng phong ve trong tuang Iai Tuy nhien, theo danh gia no moi chi phan anh suy nghT va mong mufin cua gioi chiic
quan sy Nhat Ban v i vai tro lan hon eua Lye
Iupng phong ve*, con tren thyc te nhihig djnh huong dupc nSu ra khfing co kha nang thyc hien vi nhihig han che 6 trong nud'c va bfii canh qufic t i biy gio: BSng chiing la truotc nhihig Io ngai ciia cac nuoc Iang giing
ve Iai Ie trong ban Ngityen tdc chl dgo va
moi quan tam ciia phe dfii lap trong chinh phli ve khS nang gia tSng khfing kiim soSt ciia chi tieu quoc phong, chinh quyin eiia Thii tuong Miki da ngay lap tire phai tuyen bfi gioi han chi tieu qufic phong 6: mfc 1% GNP Con chinh quyen cua Thii tudng Ohira sau do cOng cho biet kho eo the tien hanh hien dai hoa trang thiit bj quic phong vai tinh hinh ngan sach hi?n cfi Iiic bSy gio va Nhat Ban khong
CO khS nSng huong tag sir tSng cuong phong vemaMj'iinghfi^
•* Osmi Kahara, "Japan's military capability realities and
limitations", Pacijic Community, Tokyo January 1978, tr
134
* Takao Sebata (2010), Japan's defense policy and
bureaucratic politics, 1976-2007, University Press of
America, Inc, tr 200
Trang 4Nghien citu khoa hoc
3 Giai doan nhirng nam 1980
Thap nien 1980 dSnh dSu buac phat triin
dang ke tiep theo ttong ehinh sach an nmh
ciia Nhat Ban Co thi thSy, yeu t i tac dpng
Ion nhat din viec ho^eh dinh chinh sSch an
ninh ciia Tokyo giai doan nay phai ki den do
la su kiSn Lien XS dua quSn vao
Afghanistan thang 12/1979 Phan ling truac
sy kien do, Chinh phu Nhat Ban da dua ra
chinh sach an ninh quoc phong nhSn manh
hai npi dung chinh: mpt la, khai niem an
ninh quoc gia toan difin va hai la, vai trd cua
Nhat Ban vai tu each la mpt "thanh vien
phuang Tay" Tir day, Tokyo da cfi nhiing
diiu chinh tren bfin khia eanh: (i) ma rpng
pham vi phong ve; (ii) tang cuong hpp tac an
ninh voi My; (iii) nai long nhiing han che
trong Hiin phap ciing nhu nhiing han ehe
dii vcii phfing ve hien tai di cfi dupe vai tro
an ninh tieh cyc hon; (iv) mor rpng vai tro
chinh trj hen cac diln dan qufic te
Nhu vSy, CO the nfii ehinh sach an nmh
ciia Nhat Ban da co sir thay dii, tir phong v?
mang tinh rieng Ie sang mfit vai trfi an ninh
mang tinh khu vyc nham dfii phfi vai "mfii
de dpa Lien Xfi" Thuc t i cho thSy, dau nSm
1980, Chinh phu Nhat BSn dS Ien ki hoaeh
di bai bo miic chi tieu qufic phong 1% GNP
Tiip do, tai Hpi nghj thupng dinh thang
5/1981 voi Ting thfing My Reagan, Thu
tuong Suzuki da hiia thyc hien "nfi lire Idn
htm di cai thien kha nang phong ve trong
lanh thi Nhat Ban va trong viing biin xung
quanh ciing nhu khong phan cua nuac
Nhat"', ding thai fing cong khai tuyen bfi
Nhat Ban se bao ve duong giao thong tren
biin trong pham vi 1000 hai Iy ve phia nam
tinh tir Tokyo va Osaka Dac bifit, chinh phu mod cua Thii tuong Nakasone con trien khai mpt loat cac hoat dong nham mfif rpng vai tro
an nmh quic t i ciia Nhat Ban Dau tien la viee nfifi long xuat khau cong nghe quoc phong vo'i My' Thir hai la hinh thanh mot chiin lupc phfing vfi duong bien bang viec thiet ISp kha nang phong ve tren khong xa
ba Thli ba la chinh quy hoa cac cupc tap triin chung vai My dfing thai triin khai thudng xuyfin va vai quy mfi Ion hon Thiir
tu la tang cuong sy tham gia cua Iinh vue tu nhSn trong Sang kien phfing ve chien lupc (SDI) cua My Ngoai ra, Thii tuong Nakasone ciing tuyen bo bo mire ap djt 1% GNP dfii vo'i chi tieu qufic phong Dang chii
y hem ca la vao thang 9/1985, Thii tudng
Nakasone da quyit djnh phe chuSn Chuang trinh phong vf trimg hgn (MTDP) nhu la K i
hoach 5 nSm ciia chinh phu (Five-years govemment plan) Chuang trinh nay co giai doan thuc hifin tir nam 1986 den 1990 va la mpt su khdi dfing lai cac ki hoach 5 nam ciia ehinh phii dupe triin khai tir trudc nam
1976* Chuemg trinh phdng ve trung hgn
nhan manh ba difim chinh sau:
(1) NS Iuc eai thien khS nang phong v? tren khfing va kha nang bSo ve giao thong dudng biin trong viing nudc xung quanh Nhat Ban;
(2) Nang cao chSt luang kha nSng phdng vfi vdi vific can bSng giiia trang thiet bj tien tuyin vS cac yeu tfi hS trp hau can;
'SueoSudo(l99l).Sad,tr 14
^ Thang 11/1983 Nhat Ban da k:^ vdi My mpt ban ghi nh6 v^ viec chuyin giao c6ng ngh§ qu6c ph6ng
* Nam 1961 Chuong trinh phong ve ian thir hai
(1962-ctJa chrnh phir Tifip d6 la Chuemg trinh ph6ng ye 1^ thu
ba (1967-1971) va Chuong trinh ph6ng vp lin thu tu (1972-1976)
Trang 5Nghien cicu khoa hpc
(3) PhSt huy hieu quS tfii iru va hop Ijr hda
ca viec cai thien ISn boat dpng ciia cSc Iue
lupng phdng ve
So vdi Nguyen tdc chl dgo chuang trinh
quoc phdng nSm 1976, muc tieu cua Chuang
trinh phdng ve trung hgn da cd sy thay dfii
ve cac uu tien, nhan manh khS nang kiem
soat bien va viec thiet lap phong ve tren
khong ciia Nhat Ban Ngoai ra, chuong trinh
nay cdn cd y nghia d chfi khfing chi dSt ra
muc tieu vfi thdi han dat dupe cae cap dO lire
Iupng phdng ve neu trong Nguyen tdc chi
dgo ma cdn chi ro cac muc tieu ve eSp dp
Iuc Iugng phdng ve Nhan xet ve Chuemg
trinh phong ve trung hgn, hpc gia Maeda cho
rang: "Chuang trinh la van kien chinh th^c
dSu tien the hien sir thay dfii tir mpt chinh
sSch djnh hudng phdng ve cua NhSt Ban
sang mpt chinh saeh hudng ra ben ngoai
djnh hudng ngan chan mfii de dpa Lien Xfi"
4 Mpt vai danh gia va nhan xet
Nhin Iai chinh saeh an ninh ciia Nhat BSn
trong giai doan Chien tranh Lanh, cd thi riit
ra mpt so danh gia va nhSn xet nhu sau:
Thic nhdt, nhin chung, chinh sach an ninh
cua Nhat Ban trong hon bon thap nien ciia
thdi ky Chien tranh Ianh ve ca bSn la mfit
chinh sach thu dpng va giii "tu the thap" Cd
the thSy, tuy rSng Nhat BSn da cd nhirng
dieu chinh nhSt djnh vdi su gia tang vai trd
eua Lye Iupng phdng vfi nhung tren thyc te
chinh sach an ninh ciia Nhat BSn van chi IS
mfit su theo dufii My vS chii y vao viee dam
bSo an ninh npi dja, cdn ne tranh tham gia
vap bat cir vSn de hen quan den an ninh quan
su nap trong khu vyc cung nhu tren thfi gidi
Bang chirng la Nhat BSn lufin dimg ngoai
mpi cufic xung dpt va chi ddng gop gian tiep thfing qua ca ehi lien minh an ninh
Nhat-My Cac eupe chiin tranh Triiu Tifin va Vipt Nam la nhiing vi du cu thi Nhat BSn chi hi trp My vdi vai trd la "nudc chii nha cung cSp can Cli cho cac luc lupng My"'" vS chia se gSnh nang tai chinh cho cac k i hoach ciia sieu cudng nay, cdn hoan toan khfing dinh liu tryc tifip vSo bat cir hoat dfing quan sy nao Ngay cS khi My gay sire ep bupe NhSt BSn md rpng nhung ddng gdp ve an ninh, Chinh phu Nhat BSn cung Iudn tim cd de thoai thac Dieu nSy thfi hien rd qua viec Thil tudng Sato khi dupc biet trong dy kien Ki hoaeh hanh dpng quSc phdng chung vdi Mj! cua Luc Iupng phdng ve cfi cac diiu khoSn nhu: Nhat BSn se hanh ddng vdi tu each IS mdt phSn thifit yiu trong chiin lupc an ninh eiia My trong vimg Viin DSng de ngSn chjn khiing hoSng gay ra bdi BSc Triiu Tien hay Trung Quoc; quan dpi My, DSi Loan, HSn Qufic va Nhat BSn se tifin hanh nhiing bai huin luySn chung; Luc Iupng phdng ve hSi quan Nhat BSn (MSDF) se hfi trp My bao vSy bd biin Dfing Trung Hoa; Lye Iuong phdng vfi Nhat Ban se dupc phai di de lam Iyc lupng dir phdng d Han QuSc va Man Chau , ngay lap titc fing da phii nhan ke hoach nSy va coi day chi la nghien ciiu Iy thuyet cua Luc Iuong phdng ve NgoSi ra, Nhat Ban ciing het sire ne tranh eSc de nghj hap tac hay dii thoai an ninh khu vuc va da phuong Nhat BSn td ra khong hao hung vdi sSng kifin eiia eSc nudc ASEAN ve viec thiit ISp mpt khu virc hda binh, tu do va trung lap (ZOPFAN) Nhat BSn cung tir chii di nghj
'SueoSudo(1991),S<?<i,tr 15
'° Lfi Linh l ^ n , "Vai tr6 an ninh ctja Nhat Ban thdi ky sau
Chifin tranh lanh", Tgp chi Nghien cuu Quoc tl s6 10
(12/1995), tr 30
NGHIEN Cdu OdNG B^C A SO 5(171) 57015
78
Trang 6Nghien cihi khoa hoc
cua TSng bi thu Dang Cpng san Lien XS
Brezhnev nSm 1969 vi viec thiit lap mpt he
thong an ninh tap thfi d Dfing A va sau dd IS
de nghi ciia Tong bi thu Gorbachev vi cfing
dong an ninh khu vue md rpng nam 1988
Chinh vi thi ma Nhat Ban da lufin bi chi
trich la khfing ddng gdp nhifiu cho an ninh
tap thi
Thli hat, viec duy tri chinh sach an ninh
thy dpng vS giO "tu thfi thSp" da biin NhSt
Ban trd thanh cudng quic hang ba vi chinh
trj, quSn su vS gin nhu bj gat ra khdi mpi
vSn de chinh trj ciing nhu an ninh tren thi
gidi, niu cd tham gia thi tifing ndi cQng rSt
yeu fit Thuc vay, trong suit thdi ky Chiin
tranh Ianh, mae du dupc coi IS "ngudi khfing
Ifi" ve kinh te nhimg Nhat Ban Iai bi xem
nhu "ngudi Iun" ve chinh trj, an ninh va chi
la "ngudi hfi trp cho My, ve co bSn lam theo
sy Ianh dao eiia My" Chinh vi vay, tiing
ndi cung nhu vj thfi ciia Nhat BSn trong ITnh
vuc chinh trj, an ninh het sire md nhat, cd
thi ndi IS gan nhu khfing cd Khfing nhiing
vay, viec thyc hien chinh sach an ninh tu thfi
thap, dua hoSn toan vSo fi an ninh eiia My va
dat lpi ich kinh te Ien hang dau giai doan nay
cdn ISm hinh Snh cua Nhat BSn bj xSu di,
dSc bifit la trong khu vyc DSng Nam A Nhat
Ban bi coi IS mpt ke "true Ipi", tham chi IS
"dpng vat kinh te" vS chi bifit theo dufii My
vi dudng Ioi dfii ngoai Dinh cao ciia thai dp
phan dfii Nhat BSn IS Ian sdng biiu tinh, bao
dfing ni ra d eSc thu dfi Bangkok (ThSi Lan)
va Jakarta (Indonesia) trong chuyen tham
eSc nude Dfing Nam A ciia Thii tudng
Tanaka Kakuei vSo giua thap nien 1970
TTiie ba, mSc dii viec duy tri mot chinh
sach an ninh thu dpng va gitt "tu the thap" khien Nhat Ban mat di tieng ndi trong Iinh vyc an ninh, chinh trj nhung neu xet d khia canh kinh te day Iji dupe coi IS mpt ehinh sach khdn ngoan vS thanh cfing eua Nhat Ban trong giai doan Chien tranh Lanh Cuu cfi vSn an ninh quic gia My Henry Kissinger
da timg nhSn xet, trong sd nhihig eudng qudc chu yeu tren thi gidi, Nhat Ban la qude gia ed chinh sSch an ninh ttong thdi ky Chien tranh L ^ td ra "thfing mmh nhat va
cd tSm nhin xa trong rpng nhat"'^ Khfing thfi phli nhan rang, vdi viee chSp nhan sy bSp hfi ciia My ve mat quSn su, Nhat Ban da dupe thira huong mpt "nin an ninh khdng mat tien" trong bSi canh khu vuc day bat i n bdi sy dii dau DSng-Tay gay gSt Cd thi ndi, sir cd mat cua My tren Ianh thi NhSt BSn IS nhan t i rSn de bit cii mfii de dpa ben ngoSi nao dii vdi nude NhSt Ban giai do^n nay Ngoai ra, nhd chinh sSch an ninh gitt tu the thip va dya vSo fi an ninh cua My, Nhat Ban cdn ed thfi rSnh tay tap trung mpi ngudn Iuc vSp cSng viec tai thiet va phat triin kinh
te dSt nudc Thyc te chp thay, vdi vice dfic toSn lire phat triin kinh t i ding thdi tSn dung dupe ngudn vien trp to ldn ciia My, chi mpt thdi gian ngan sau chiin tranh, nin kinh te ciia Nhat BSn da nhanh chdng hdi phuc va phat trien manh me Cho den cufii thap nien
1960, Nhat Ban da vupt qua hau het cac nudc tu bSn phSt trien nhu Anh, Phap, Diic, vuon Ien trd thSnh cuong quoc kinh te dirng thir hai the gidi sau My Ben canh dd, Nhat Ban cung bd xa cac nudc Iang gifing ChSu A
" Edward Lincoln (1995), Japan's Role in the Post-Cold
War World, The Brooking Institution, Washington tr 67
'• Anthony McGrew and Christopher Brook (1998),
Asia-Paciftc in the new world order, Routledge, London,
tr.l 24
Trang 7Nghien citu khoa hpc^
dS cung vai My va Tay Au t^o thanh ba
trung tam kinh ti thi gi(5ri
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1 Anthony McGrew and Christopher Brook
(1998), Asia-Pacific in the new world order,
Routledge, London
2 Christopher W.Hughes (2004), Japan's
security agenda: Military, economics and
environmental dimensions, Lynne Rienner
Publisher, hic
3 Defense Agency 1986
4 Edward Lincoln (1995), Japan's Role in
the Post-Cold War World, The Brooking
Institution, Washington
5 Ho^g Thi Mmh Hoa (1999), Cdi cdch d
Nh4t Bdn trong nhimg ndm 1945-1951, Nxb
Khoa hoc xS hOi, Ha Npi
6 Joseph P Keddell (1993), The politics of
defense in Japan: Managing internal and
external pressures, M.E Sharpe Inc
7 Kenneth B Pyle (2007), Japan Rising: The
Resurgence of Japanese Power and Purpose,
PublicAffairs, New York
8 Kevin J Cooney (2007), Japan's foreign
policy since 1945, An East Gate Book,
M.E.Sharpe, New York
9 Le Linh Lan, "Vai tro an ninh cua NhSt
B ^ thai ky sau ChiSn tranh Lgnh", Tgp chi
Nghien cicu QuSc ti, s6 10 (12/1995)
10 Le van Sang - Luu Ngpc Trinh (1991),
Nhgt Bdn - Dudng di tdi mot sieu cudng kinh te,
Nxb Khoa hpc xa hpi, Hd Npi
11 Ministry of Defense, "Basic PoHcy on
National Defense", http://www.mod.go.Jp/e/d
_act/d_poHcy/dp02 html
12 National Defense Program Guidelines
1976, http://www.ioc.u-tokyoac.jp/-_worldjpn/
documents/texts/docs/19761029.01E.html
13 Osmi Kahara, "Japan's military capability
realities and limitations" Pacific Community,
Tokyo January 1978
14 Pierre Antoine - Donnet (1991), Nudc Nhdt mua cd thi gidi (Le Japon achete le monde), Nxb Thong tin Ly luan Ha Npi
15 Sueo Sudo (1991), Southeast Asia in Japanese security policy Institute of Southeast
Asian Studies, Singapore
16 Takao Sebata (2010), Japan's defense policy and bureaucratic politics, 1976-2007,
University Press of America, Inc
DINH CHINH:
Trong Tap chi Nghien ciiu Dong Bac A s6 4(170) - 2015, U-ang 29 dong thti 5 tiiU-en
xu6ng xin dpc lai la: "Dai Loan \k mpt trong
s6 it cac qu6c gia va vung lanh th6 a ChSu
A thanh cong trong vi^c ban hanh vk trien
khai cac ca che, chinh sach h5 tra doanh
nghiep vira vk nho phdt trien"
Trong Tap chi s6 2(168) - 2015, bai vi6t
"Su phdt triin cua h^ thong an sinh xd h0i Nhdt Bdn: nhitng chdng dudng Uch si^' cua
tac gia TrSn Thi Nhung tir trang 54 den trang 61 xin b6 sung chu thich footnote cho
tieu d§: Nghien cuu nay du^rc tdi trg bdi Quy Phdt trien khoa hoc vd cong nghe qudc gia (NAFOSTED) trong di tdi md sd VJ.2-2011.03
Toa soan Tap chi Nghien cuu Dong BIC
A xin thanh thuc cao loi cung ban dpc
80