CHINH TRI - LUAT f«i,r'.-if VAN DE NANG LlTOfNG TRONG QUAN HE M Y N H A T NHLTNG NAM G A N DAY Trong nhiing nam diu the ky mdi, nang lupng ndi len la rapt frong nhting van de qudc te
Trang 1CHINH TRI - LUAT f«i,r'.-if
VAN DE NANG LlTOfNG TRONG QUAN HE
M Y N H A T NHLTNG NAM G A N DAY
Trong nhiing nam diu the ky
mdi, nang lupng ndi len la rapt
frong nhting van de qudc te
ndng bdng, lien quan true tilp den su
phat ttien kinh te va an ninh chinh fri
cfla nhieu qudc gia tten thi gidi Ben
c^inh cac ITnh vuc an ninh trayen
thdng, van dl nang lupng ttong quan
hp My - Nhat nhiing nam gin day da
cd nhieu chuyen bien tich cue, phfl hpp
vdi nhu cau va Ipi ich hai nudc, ddng
thdi cd anh hudng nhit dinh din tinh
hinh an ninh nang lupng toan ciu
Tien CO sd xem xet chiln lupc khai
thac va sfl dung nang lupng cfla hai
nudc, bai vilt trinh bay mpt sd thanh
tuu mdi quan hp My - Nhat fren ITnh
vue nay, tit dd xem xet ttiln vpng vin
dl frong thdi gian tdi
1 Chinh sach khai thac vii sfl' dung
nang Itfcmg cfla My vii Nh^t Ban
Vao tiiang 6/2014, Co quan Nang
luijng Qudc t l (lEA) cho biet My frd
thanh nudc san xuat dau md va khi gas
hda Idng Idn nhat the gidi' La rapt
ThS NCS Nguyin Quic Toin
Trudng THPT chuySn Hodng Le Kha - Tdy Ninh
ldn nhu vay, nhung My ludn gap nbilu khd khan vdi van de an ninh nang lucmg bdi nhu cau tieu thu hang dau the gidi cfla rainh^
Cupc khflng h o ^ g tai chinh toan cau kMen cho Chinh phu My phai thay ddi nhan thuc vl nhiing rfli lo cfla nln kinh
te va an ninh qudc gia do dua qua nhieu vao viec nhap khiu dau lua Tu khi Tdng thdng Barack Obama len cam quyen den nay My da thuc hien mdt sd dieu chinh, tap tnmg thuc day chien lupc nang lupng mdi va chan hung nen kinh tl dang roi vao suy thoai
Thang 4/2010, Tdng thong B Obama
da dua ra "Ke hogch ndng luong moi", tiep dd la "Dir ludt An nmh vd Ndng
luong sgch" Theo dd, frong 10 nam tdi
My se chi 150 ty USD de kich thich tu nhan dau tu vae cac ngudn nang lupng sach, giup tao 5 tripu viee lam; tiet kiem nhieu dau lua hon nua; din frudc nam
2015, dua vao su dung I tripu chiec xe d
td dien duoc san xuat frong nudc; bao dara 10%, dien nang raa ngudi My dimg
se la tu cac ngudn nang luong tai tao,
Trang 2thuc thi kl hoach "Chi tieu khi thdt
carbon vd khdng chi tdng luang" nhim
ha thip 80%, lupng khi thai gay hieu ung
nha kinh vao nam 2050 fren nln tang
cua mue nam I990'
Thang 5/2010, vdi ly do xay ra -vu
rd ri diu d Vinh Mexico, Tdng thdng
Obama da hdi thuc Qudc hpi My thdng
qua du Mat ve nang lupng dl nudc nay
cd thi kich thich, phat ttien cac ngudn
nang lupng thay the, giam thieu viec
dua vae nh|p khiu dau Ifla, ddng thdi
tuyen bd se tam ngirag cac hpat ddng
tham dd va khai thac dau Ida d khu
vuc ven bien va Bac Cue
My cung rat chu y da dang hda tM
tradng nhap khau de khdi phu thudc
qua mue vao bat cu khu vuc nao va da
cd nhfing budc tien chien lupc nham
tilp can nhiing ngudn tai nguyen
khpang san, dac biet la dau lua cua
chau Phi Hien nay, ttong tdng lupng
dau lua nhap khau cua My cd ban 10%
din tii chau Phi va se tang len rauc
25% vao nam 2015 Ben canh dd,
ttong nhung nam gin day, My bit diu
quan ly chat che hon ttong vipc tieu
tiiu nang lupmg dien va diy manh su
dung khi gas tu nhien thay cho diu
tteng rapt sd ITnh vuc cdng nghiep bdi
cd Ipi the la nude di diu the gidi vl
cdng nghp che bien san phim nay, gia
thanh thap va kha nang ctmg ung cfing
chfl ddng hon bin Day cd thi xem la
nhiing bipn phap nhim fliuc hipn huu
hieu dupc mue tieu "dpc lap nang
v l phin minh, do dac thu dia ly, Nhat Ban khdng cd nhilu tai nguyen thien nhien va cac ngudn nang lupfng nen budc phai nhap khiu phin ldn pbpc
vu cho nhu ciu tieu thu ttong nudc, ttong dd 90%> la tii cac nudc khu vuc Trung Ddng Xuit phat tu su lo ngai sau sic ve an ninh nang Iupng giua luc gia dau the gidi leo thang, trong khi nhu ciu toan can ve dau md cfing nhu cac ngudn nang lupng khac dang ttd nen ndng bdng, Bd Kinh te, Thuong mai va Cdng nghiep Nhat Ban (METI) da dua ra
"Chiin tuoc ndng luang qudc gia mai"
vao nam 2006 nham bao dam cae ngudn cung cap nang lupng dn djnh lau dai Chien lupc nay keu gpi Nhat Ban tang cudng quan he vdi cac nudc giau ngudn nang lupng", day manh hop tac vdi ASEAN bdi tim chiln lupc cua eo bien Malacca; bao dam cac ngudn cung cap nang lupng d nudc ngoai bang viec khuyen khich cac cdng ty ttong nudc day raanh tira kiem thi tradng, tii dd thuc day ty le nhap khau dau thdng qua cac nha san xuat npi dja len 40% vao nam 2030 Dong thdi, nhin manh ba mue tieu ca ban: Dam bao an ninh nang lupng; giai quyet ddng bd vin de nang lupng - mdi tradng; Ddng gdp tich cue vao viec giai quyet nhung van de lien quan tdi tM tradng nang luong eua thi gidi De giam bdt su phu thupc vao dau
md cua nganh giao thdng van tai, Nhat Ban se tang cudng su dung nhien lieu tdng hpp, hpac diu sinh hpc dupe san
Trang 3CHAU MY NGAY NAY
chinh phfl cfing thdng qua cbinh sach hd
frp cac hpat ddng ngMen eiiu, phat trien
ky thuat cua cac nghipp doan d td
Theo "Ke hogch chien lugc ndng
luong" dupc cdng bd vao thang 6/2010,
den nara 2030, dien hat nhan se ddng
gdp 50%, vao ludi dipn qudc gia Tuy
nMen, thara hpa Fukushima da khien ke
hoach nay phdi cd nhiing dieu chinh
Chinh phu Men dang ddi mat vdi ba giai
phap tu y kiln cdng chung: hoac la hoan
toan loai bd nang luejng hat nhan, hoac
la duy tri ddng gdp cfla dien hat nhan d
rauc I5%> hoac 20-25%, Va rapt phuong
an de thanh hipn thuc nhat dd la giam ty
frpng cua dien hat nhan xudng cdn 15%
Hipn nay, Nhat Ban la mdt frong
nhung nudc nhap khau kM ddt tMen
tiMIn hda long (LNG) nMeu nhit thi
gidi va tinh hinh nang lupng cfla nudc
nay da gap rat nhieu khd khan ke tu khi
xay ra tham hpa hat nhan FukusMma
De tira giai phap khac phuc, ben canh
vipc xac dinh dien hat nhan van la rapt
thanh phan frong tdng ngudn dien tupng
lai, thang 12/2013, chinh phfl dua ra ban
du thao chinh saeh nang lupng, theo dd
cho phep Tap doan Dau Khi va Kim loai
qude gia Nhat Ban (JOGMEC) tiiuc
Men du an khai thac kM Methane
Hydrate dau tien fren thi gidt each bd
bien ban dao Atsumi d nuen Trang Nhat
Ban khoang 801cm vl pMa Nam Ben
canh dd, ban du thao ciing dua la minh
chimg ve nhu ciu nang lupng'frong
tuong lai, tii dd xay dung lp frinh cho
mcii cdng nghp va hc;yp tac qudc te Bat ddng giua cMnh quyln va ngudi dan ve
ke hoach phat triln nang lupng hat nhan
la ly do cho den nay Tokyo van chua xac dinh dupc mpt chiln lupc ben vung
ve nang lupng va dieu dd dang gay nMlu khd khan cho nln kinh te
2 Quan he My Nhat ve van de nang luong trong nhirng nam gan day
Ve ndng luffng hgt nhan
Ld phan iing dien hat nhan thuong mai diu tien cfia Nhat bit diu boat ddng vao giua nam 1966 va frd thanh rapt uu tien chien lupc qudc gia tu nam 1973
Cd till nhan thiy My va Nhat Ban cd Ipi ich cMnh fri va thuong mai chung frong viee thuc day su an toan va hilu Meu cfla dien hat nhan dan sp frpng nudc va qudc te Chinh vi vay, hai nude can phai dem lai mpt siic bat mcii ttong ITnh vuc hpp tac nay, nit ra dupc nhirng bai hoc quy gia tii Fukushima va tiep Mc vai frd lanh dao frong viec thuc day, tUet ke cac id phan iing an toan va thuc Men cac van ban phap quy manh me fren toan ciu Tham kich 11/3 da dem den mdt su lo ngai va dinh fre dang ke cho cac ke hoach phat frien nang lupng hat nhan Tuy nhien, vdi vai frd quan frpng cfla rainh, dien hat nhan van duoc hucing tdi cho mpt chien lupc phat trien
an tpan, sach, cd frach nhiera va duoc sfl dung dl cau thanh mpt yeu td tbilt ylu frong an ninh toan dipn cua Nhat Ban Thang 4/2012, tai Hpi nghi Thuang
Trang 4My - Nhdt vi hap Idc hgt nhdn ddn su
dupc thanh lap, ddng vai frd la rapt dien
dan cip cae de thflc day mot cupc ddi
thoai cMin Iupc toan dien va cac boat
ddng chtmg lien quan den viec thuc Men
cac bipn phap bao dam an toan nang
lupng hjt nhan dan su va ddi phd vdi
tham hpa cd the xay ra frong tuong lai,
Cupc hpp diu tien cua Uy ban nay
dupc id chuc vao ngay 24/7/2012 tai
Tokyo, nam nhdm lara viec da dua ra cac
kiln nghi ^1 thuc diy hpp tac song
phucmg fren nam ITnh vuc: An runh hat
nhan; NgMen cira va phat trien nang
lupng bat nhan dan su; An tpan va cac
van de phap ly; Quan ly khan cap; Ngiing
heat ddng va quan ly radi tradng
Ngay 4/11/20I3, cupc hpp lin thu hai
duoc td chuc Ca hai ben da thao Man
cac budc tiep theo ddi vdi timg nhdm
lara viec va giai phap de tang cudng ban
nua hpp tac song phuong frong timg
ITnh vuc Ngoai ra, phia Nhat Ban da
tiinh bay ve tinh hinh giai quyit tham
hpa hat nhan 11/3 va hudng tdi kit hop
xay dung mdt the chl phdng ngua cac
su cd Mong tu- Hai ben cfing da to chuc
hpi nghi fruc Myln vao thang 12/2013
de tiiap Man ve cac linh vuc ky thuat cu
the, cfing nhu boat dpng phat triln nang
lupng hat nhan frong tucmg lai^
Cd till nhan thiy, hop tac My - Nhat
fren ITnh vuc nghien cim va phat frien
hat nhan la dilu cin thiet, phu hop vdi
nhu ciu va lpi ich chien lupc Tuy
nhien My can phai loai bd nhung giai
xung quanh vin dl xfl Iy chit thai hat nhan, thuc Men eac quy frinh cap phep
va bpp tac rd rang dl dien hat nhan van tiep tuc la mdt nhan to cd vai frd idn frong cac ITnh vuc an ninh nang lucmg, tang frudng kinh te va lpi ich mdi trudng cho ca hai nudc
Ve khi dot tu nhien hda fong (LNG)
Vdn la rapt frong nhiing qudc gia nhap khiu LNG ldn nhat the gidi, ngay
tu nam 1969, Nhat Ban da nhap khiu cua My mdt luong LNG tuong ddi nhd
tu ban dao Kenai d Alaska Su cd 11/3
da budc Nhat Ban phai tam cham diit toan bd boat ddng cac Id phan ung hat nhan - vdn cung cip 30%, luong dipn tieu thu cbo dat nudc dan din su thieu hut nghiem frpng ngudn nang lupng thay the, dieu nay khien viec nhap khiu LNG frd thanh lua chpn kha thi duy nhil
va cap thiet
Nhat Ban nhan thiy d My vdi mdi hudng, kinh te va chinh fri an toan hpn nhieu so vdi bit ky khu -vuc xuit khau LNG nao khac mdt tilm nang to ldn giup cung cap cho Tokyo rapt ngudn LNG dn dinh Nhan diitii nay xuit phat tu nhfing
ly dp sau: My la mpt qudc gia hang diu the gidi ve trir lupng khi dot va hang ehue tap doan san xuit khong lo; Cac nha san xuat My duoc budng quyen tiep can mang ludi dudng dng dan khi qudc gia nen cd thi nhanh chdng cung cip cho bat ky noi nao tten tiie gidi; CM phi san xuat tai My thap hon nMlu so vdi cac nudc khac; Va viec md rdng kenh dao
Trang 5thuong mai LNG giua My vdi Nhat Ban
va cac nudc Chau A khac
Cac nha xuat khau LNG cua My, se
bit diu dua khi ra thi tradng vdi quy md
ldn tii nam 2016 - 2017, da ddng y eung
cip cho Nhat BAn it nhat 7,4 trieu tin
LNG mdi nam, cMem 8,5% tdng khdi
lucfng LNG Nhat Ban tieu thu vao nam
2013 Cdng ty Dien luc Tokyo, mdt
ttong nhung nha tieu thu LNG ldn nhit
cua Nhat Ban, hdi thang 2/2013 cung
cam ket mua 800 nghin tin LNG/nara tu
du an Cameron LNG d Louisiana frong
vdng 20 nara, bat dau tu nam 2017 Ben
canh dd, cac cdng ty nhu Kyushu
Electric, Osaka Gas, Chuba Electric
Power Co, Toshiba, cflng ky ket hang
loat cae hpp ddng mua LNG vdi ddi tac
My' Rd rang "hogi dong thuong mgi
ndy cd the phdt huy tdc dung dang ke
vdo CO cdu gid LNG todn cdu bdi vi dd
cd mot khoi luong ddng ke LNG cita My
cd the se duoc bdn vdo cdc thi tnrong
ngdn hgn Dieu ndy gitip giir gid thdp vd
tgo dieu kien cho Chdu A vd cdc thi
trudng dang phdt tnen khdc duoc sir
dung nhieu khi ddt sgch han nura "'
Cupc san tira ngudn nang lupng lau
dai va gia re cfla Nhat cung dang lam
thay ddi tuong quan dia chinh tii cua
khu vuc va thi gidi Tien mpt chimg
mue va d khia canh nao dd, hoat dpng
nay vd hinh trang da gdp phan phue vu
tich cue cho chien luoc "xoay true" cfla
My, bdi le de gianh dupc quyen mua
20% tdng lupng LNG ma Bd Nang
nam, Nhat Ban da phai nhupng bd frpng van de tai bd tri can cu quan su cua My
d Okinawa bit chip su pban ddi du ddi cfla cu dan dia phuong*
Viec hpp tac chia se khi ddt giua hai nude frong thdi gian tdi chac chan se gap nhieu thuan lpi bdi Bd Nang lupng
My dang nghien cuu nhiing img dung cho cac rad khi ddt thien nhien bda ldng mcii, tien hanh khai thac rapt rad ldn d Texas vao dau nam 2014 Quan frpng bon, CMnh phu My cfing da chip thuan ban khi ddt cho cac nudc khdng cd Hiep dinh thuang raai tu do (FTA) vdi My, frong dd Nhat Ban dupc xem nhu la ddi tac uu tien hang dau Quyet dinh nay nam ttong ke hoach frd thanh nha xuat khau ldng khi ddt den nam 2020, nham tang cudng vi the cfla My frong cac ehinh sach ngoai giao va quan ttpng ban
"ldm suy yeu sit kiem sodt cua cdc nhd cung cdp nhien lieu truyen thdng", Ddi
vdi Nhat Ban, viec nay khdng chi giup
dn dinh ngudn cung cap nang luong raa cdn that chat mdi quan he kinh tl va chien luoc giua hai nudc vdi cac ddng minh quan ttpng khac d Chau A
Ve hop tac khai thdc Methane Hydrate
Methane Hydrate hay cdn gpi la Bdng chdy khdng phai la khai niem mdi,
nd da dupc de cap din hi gan 3 thap ky nay, khi gidi khoa hpc kham pha la rang
d day dai duomg, ca d nhihig vung bang tuyet phu quanh nam nhu Siberia cfla Nga, khong ehi ed ngudn dau khi huyln
Trang 630
lieu sach khdng Id cfla tuong lai: khi
Hydrate, ten khoa bpc la Natural
Hydrate - tdn tai d dang iin Neu dupc
khai tiiac su dung, bang chay cd ttie
cung cip nang lucmg cho toan the gidi
ttong hang ttam nam
Vdi tiu lupng phong phu cua minh
My va Nhat Ban da rit nhanh chdng
cd nhilu ddng thai nham khai thac
nguon nang lupng quy gia nay Dac
biet la tru lupng Methane Hydrate
dudi day biln cfla Nhat Ban dupc du
doan nhilu din mue cd the dap ung
cho nhu ciu vl khi ddt cua nudc nay
trong 100 nam Thang 6/2008, tai Hpi
nghi Bp trudng Nang lupng G8 tai
thanh phd Apmoii, My va Nhat Ban
da ky thda thuan hpp tac nghien cuu
va khai thac Methane Hydiate, chinh
thuc khdi ddng cudc chinh phuc
nguon nang lupng thay the khdng Id
nay cho ky nguyen hau dau rad
Thang 11/2011, JOGMEC va cdng
ty nang lupng ConocoPhillips cua My
da dat thda thuan tien hanh thu
nghiera phuang phap khai thac
Methane Hydiate tai bang Alaska cfla
My tu thang 1 nara 2012 Mue dich
cudc thuc nghiem chung la nhim thuc
day ddi radi edng nghe khai thac cd
hipu qua hon ngudn tai nguyen nay
va tang cudng quan he vdi My trong
dam bao an ninh nang luong tiung va
dai han Theo do, JOGMEC se gdp 7
tiieu USD, bang mot phin hai sd kinh
phi khai thac thuc nghiem cung vdi
Tilp ndi thanh qua dd, nl thang 2/2012, Nhat Ban cfing bit diu tiln banh khai thac thu Methane Hydrate dudi day bien d ngoai khoi tinb Aichi cfla Nhat Ban va din ngay 12/3/2012,
Bd Kinh te Thuong mai va Cdng nghiep Nhat Ban cho biet, nudc nay da chiet xuit khi ddt tu nhien thanh cdng lan dau
tien tten thi gidi Day la "mdl bu&c lien
l&n" hudng tdi su phat trien mang tinh
thuong mai mdt ngudn tai nguyen ttong tuong lai, dem den by vpng ttong viec phat trien ngudn khi dot nay Tuy nhien, cho den nay viec giam chi phi tteng hpat dpng khai thac Methane Hydrate van cdn la rapt thach thuc rat Icin
Ve bdo dam an ninh vd tu do hdng hdi
Su gia tang lupmg dau rad va khi hda ldng van chuyen qua An Dp Duong, eo bien Malacca va bien Ddng, da bien nhiing dia diem nay ttd nen ndng bdng ttong van de bao dam an mnh nang lucmg khu vue va toan cau do su lo ngai
ve nguy co gian doan ngudn cung dau khi dupc van chuyen qua day se anh budng nghiem ttpng den lpi ich kinh te
va an ninh, chinh tri cua cac nudc Nhat Ban, hien dang la nudc nhap khau dau Icin thu ba cua the gidi, cd sir quan tam dac biet den an ninh va tu dp hang hai Trong khi dd My dang ngay cang ehia se mdt lpi ich chien luoc frong viec bao dam ring cac thay ddi ttong thuang mai diu khi toan cau se khdng gay mit 6n dinh dia chinh tti va de dpa hoat dpng tiiuong mai- Chinh sach
"xoay ttue" va myen bo cd "lpi ich cdt
Trang 7Idi" d Bien Ddng cfla My cflng vdi su
quan tam dac bipt din Ddng Nam A, thi
Mpn qua hang loat eac cam ket hpp tac
an ninh da dupc My va Nhat lien tiep
dua ra ttong nhiing nara gan day va nhat
la vao cudi nam 2013 cfing khdng nim
ngoai rauc tieu bao dam an ttinh nang
lupng ttong giai doan radi Rd rang
cung cap tau tuin fra chi la nhung bieu
hipn cu the ben canh cac thda thuan hd
frp an ninh khac cua My va Nhat Ban
tdi cac qudc gia Ddng Nara A nhu ddi
thoai qudc phdng, huin luyen, tap fran
chung Nhung cam kit nay ngay cang
gia tang frong bdi canh hai cudng qudc
hang dau dang td ra quan ngai sau sac
do radi tradng an ninh khu vuc van cdn
nhieu nguy co tiem an gay bat dn, dac
biet la su frdi day manh me cfla Tnmg
Qudc Cd the thay, nhiing dpng thai hd
frp radi cua My va Nhat Ban frpng nam
2013 se gdp phin hinh thanh kha nang
thuc thi an ninh hang hai cho Ddng Nam
A frong tuong Iai
Ben canh dd, cac boat ddng an ninh
phdi hpp vdi My cfing dupc Nhat Ban
thuc Men mdt each ddng bd bing viec
dua hai quan thuc hien nhiem vu tuan
fra chtmg va chdng cudp bien d Somalia
frong nam 2009, dap irng yen ciu chia
se vai frd va frach nhiem qudc te ma My
ddi hdi Mac dfl vdi nhu can diu tang
cao de dap flng yeu ciu phat dien sau
11/3/2011, nhung Nhat Ban da cit giam
1/3 Iupng diu nh|p khau tu Iran frpng 5
thang nam 2012, phfl hop vdi cac biln
phap trimg phat cua My ddi vdi Iran
Tiep den, Nhat Ban cung tang cudng su tham gia frpng cac nd Mc da qudc gia de ngan chan nan cudp bien, bao ve hoat dpng van chuyin cfla vimg Vinh Persic, dupng diu vdi cae mdi de dpa khac cfla
an ninh khu vuc
Tdm lgi, quan bp My - Nhat ve can
ban la mdt lien minh Men frong qua khu Men tai va tuong lai gan Tuy nhien, xet tinh hinh hien tai, viec dam
bao an ninh cho toan bd "Mgng lu&i
hdng hdi" (Broad SLOC) rd rang la
rapt nhiera vu vupt qua kha nang nlu ehi cd My hay Lien minh My - Nhat thuc Men Dieu dd cho thay, ca Washington va Tokyo deu phai phdi hpp vdi cac qudc gia biln dang tin cay khac de hinh thanh nen mdt khudn khd mdi cbo viec dam bao an ninh cac Myen giao thdng fren biln Hudng tdi mue tieu nay, Australia hay An Dd deu dang duoc mong dpi se ddng nhung vai frd quan frpng hpn va cac Hpp tac An ninh da phuang hep My Nhat Ausfralia (md rpng theo trac Bac Nam), hay My - Nh|t - An Dp (md rpng theo trac Ddng - Tay) cung dupc
ky vpng se frd nen mjnh me hon nham ket hop tao dpng luc cho rapt khudn khd vilng chac cfla an ninh hang hai khu vuc
3 Mpt sd nhan djnh va trien vong hop tac
Nang lupng ngay cang cd su tae dpng
to ldn, ttd thanh nhan td tac ddng ttue
Trang 8hiu hit cac qudc gia tten thi gidi Trong
bdi canh ngudn du trii nang lupng hoa
tiiacb cd ban va dang dan bi can kiet; gia
diu dien biln phuc tap; cac vin de mdi
tiudng ngay cang ttd nen cap bach hon;
an ninh nang luc;mg ttd thanh chuang
trinh nghi su co ban cfla nMeu td chuc,
qudc gia, khu vuc va the gidi Tren nen
tang dd My va Nhat Ban cung da cflng
thuc till nMlu giai phap nhim giai quyet
vin dl va thuc day mdi quan hp tten ITnh
vuc nay mpt each tich cue
Nhfing nam tdi day, vdi vi tri la nudc
nhap khiu nang lupng ldn va do tinh
hinh the gidi biln ddng, Nhat Ban dang
diing trade nguy co thieu hut va budc
phai cd cbinh sach nang lupng hpp ly
nham duy tri hpat ddng nen kinh te dat
nudc Trong khi dd My vcd chien lupc
"ddc lap nang lupng", da va dang cd
nMeu cMnh sach nham giai quyit nhu
cau khdng Id cua minh va su dung nang
lupng nhu la rapt nhan td phuc vu chp
mue tieu, cMen lupc kinh tl va chinb fri
fren the gidi Chinh vi mdi quan hp My
-Nhat cd tac ddng khdng nhd din thi
tiudng nang lupng till gidi nen ddi hdi
My va Nhat Ban can tilp tuc hi;rp tac
chat che frong nghien cuu, khai thac, su
dung va bao dam an ninh cho cac nguon
nang lupng mpt each Mpu qua
c i n lim y ring Men nay My va Nhat
Ban diing dau thi gidi ve cdng nghe
nano, nhung su img dung ira the nay
vao frong ITnh vuc nang lupng Men nay
rat rai lac, khdng tap trung, rit nhilu
nhdm khac nhau dupc tai frp My nhien
lai khdng phdi hpp cfing nhau, khdng cd dinh hueing rd rang de mang lai thanh tuu tich cue Dp dd ben canh nhiing ngudn nang lupng tu nhien, su day manh bpp tac ngMen cuu fren ITnh vuc nay giua hai nudc chac ehan se ddng vai ttd la diu tau, dem den nhung ttien vpng tuoi sang cho hudng tim kiem nhung ngudn nang lupng sach va than thipn vdi mdi tradng de thay the
La rapt phin cua radi quan hp an ninh My va Nhat Ban nen la ddng minh
ve tai nguyen thien nhien ben canh ddng minh quan su LTnh vuc hop tac nay cho den nay van cdn chua phat trien day dfl
Rd rang My can phai sua ddi quy che hipn hanh ttong viee han chl xuit khau LNG sang Nhat Ban Dieu quan ttpng nhat la My nen chinh thuc lpai bd eac yeu cau ddi hdi FTA ddi vdi viee cap giay phep xuit khiu LNG va xera Nhat Ban nhu rapt khach hang tilm nang fren
CO sd binh dang Bdi vdi chinh sach ho
tip tbicb hop, "LNG cd thi dem Igt sue
sdng m&i cho thuong mgi song phirong
vd ciing ldm gia ldng diiu tu true tiip nu&c ngodi cua Nhgt Bdn tgi My, Trong khi ttim ndng cung cdp khi ddt a Bdc My Id rdt ddng ki, da cd nhting lo nggi rdng My thieu co s& thiit bi tuang xirng, cdng vd he thdng gtgo thdng cdn thiet di ddp img liru luang tdu van chuyen Niu khdng cd cdc khoan ddu tu l&n, sdn xudt LNG cua My se khd cd diiu kien phdt irtin mgnh me"'" Khai
thdng nhfing rao can ttong quan he thuang mai hai nudc chic chan se tao
Trang 9CHAU MY NGAY NAY
dpng lyc ldn thu hiit dupc nguon luc tu
Nhat Ban, qua do co the gdp ph§n khac
phuc dupc nhiing han che ma My dang
cin phai giai quy8t
Phai thay r^ng mpi tiSn trien trong
quan he an ninh nang luang giua My
va Nh^t Ban deu c6 qua trinh lau dai
chu khdng phai dot bi^n, ngay cang
phat trien tich cue va cd hieu qua thiet
thuc Rd rang hap tac nang lupng My
-Nhat Ban la het siie can thiet, gdp phan
vao viec dieu hda, giai quyfit v4n de an
ninh nang Iupng toan eau, dac biet
trong boi canh khu vuc va thfi gidi cd
nhifiu ehuyen bien bit dn Mdi quan he
ddng minh truyen thong cung nhiing
diem tuong dong trong lpi ieh dja
chinh Iri giiia hai nudc la nhirng yfiu td
rat thuan Ipi thiie day hon nua hoat
dpng hpp tac trfin ITnh vuc nay bdi lpi
ich chifin lupc ciia My va Nhat Ban
vdn mang tinh can ban va lau dai
An ninh nang lupng toan cau la van
de mang tinh he thdng Dfi giai quyfit
thda dang v4n dfi trfin, cin cd su hap
tae chat che giiia cac nudc Vdi tim
quan trpng trong mue tieu chien luoe,
cd the nhan thly mpt difiu ro net la eac
nha hoach dinh chinh saeh se tifip tuc
nghifin ciiu tim ra nhieu giai phap thiic
day quan he song phuong Dii cdn
nhieu thaeh thiie nhung vdi nhirng
difim tuang ddng, hoan toan cd thfi du
doan mdi quan he tren ITnh vuc nang
lupng giiia hai nudc se tiep tuc g^t hai
nhijng ket qua tich cue gdp phln duy
Nhat Ban ngay cang di vao chieu sau,
ed hieu qua thifit thuc, vi hoa binh va lpi ieh chien lupc Difiu nay khong chi phan anh loi ich kinh te va dia ehinh trj cua hai nudc ma cdn tao cae dieu kifin can thiet nham giai quyet cac van de
an ninh nang lupng toan eau •
Tai lieu tham khao:
1 CRS Report for Congress (2013), Japan -U.S Relations Issues for Congress
Washington, D C, February 15
2 Dan Phong, "My dang lam gi de bao toan an
ninh nang luong?", Tm mai, 2012
3 Gabe Collins, "Can the US Solve Japan's
Energy Crisis?", The Diplomat, October 03,
2013
4 Hideaki Kaneda (2012), Tdm quan trong cua Bien Dong Gid tn chien lurac cua hdi phgn
vd cdc tuyin ducmg giao thong tren bien -Goc nhin tic Nhdt Bdn Ky yeu Hpi thao quoc te "Bien Dong Hap tdc vi an ninh vd phdt triin a khu vice ", TP HCM
5 http://thediplomat.com
6 http '//www tinmoi vn
7 Man Hernandez (2013), President Obama's Plan for Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency in Federal Buildings Center for
American Progress, Washington, D C
8 Mmistryof Foreign Affairs of Japan ^ O F A )
(2013), Factsheel Second Meeting of the Japan - United States Bilateral CommLtsion
on Civil Nuclear Cooperation, Tokvo
9 Nguyen Quoc Toan, "Van de hgp tac giai quyet can cii quan su cua My a Okinawa
-Nhat Ban trong thai gian gan day" Tap chi Chdu My Ngdy nay, so 10(175), 2012
10 Richard L Armitage & Joseph S Nye Jr
(2012), The U.S Japan Alliance anchoring stability in Asia, A Report of The
CSIS Japan Chair, Washington, DC
Trang 10Chu thich:
1
http://vtv.vn/kinh-te/my-tro-thanh-nuoc-san-xuat-dau-mo-lon-nhat-the-gioi-148892,htm
2 Theo Ca quan Nang lucmg Quoc te (lEA),
Tnmg Quoc da vugt qua My de trd thanh
nuoc su dung nang luong lan nhat the giai
vao nam 2009 voi tong luang dau, than da,
khi dot tieu thu la 2.252 trieu tan
3 Man Hernandez (2013), President Obama's
Plan for Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency
in Federal Buildings Center for American
Progress, Washington, D C
4 Chinh sach nay da va dang duac Tokyo day
manh thuc hien, dien hinh la chuyen cong du
3 quoc gia Chau Phi ciia Thu tudng Shinzo
Abe trong thang 1/2014 de thao luan nhung
hop dong dau khi va than da tri gia nhieu ty
USD Day la chuyen vieng tham Chau Phi
dau tien ciia mot vi Thii tudng Nhat Ban
trong vong 8 nam qua
5, Xem them Ministry of Foreign Affairs of
Japan fMOFA) (2013), Factsheef Second
Meeting of the Japan-United States Bilateral
Commission on Civil Nuclear Cooperation,
Tokyo
6 Gabe Collms, "Can the US Solve Japan s
Energy Cnsis?", The Diplomat, October 03
2013 hltp.//thediplomat com
7 Richard L Armitage & Joseph S Nye Jr
(2012), The US - Japan Alliance, anchoring stability in Asia, A Report of The CSIS Japan
Chair, Washington, DC
8 Xem them; Nguyen Quoc Toan, "Van de hgp
tac giai quyet can cii quan su cua My a
Okinawa Nhat Ban trong thai gian gan
day", Tap chi Chdu My Ngdy nay, so 10
(175), 2012
9 Quan diem dugc neu ra bdi Hideaki Kaneda Giam doc Vien Okazaki cua Nhat Ban trong
bai viet "Tdm quan trong cuo Biin Dong Gld tn chien luac cua hdi phdn vd cdc tuyen duang giao thong frin hiin - Gdc nhin fir Nhdt Bdn " tai Hoi thao quoc te ve Bien Dong
lan thir 4, dien ra ngay 19-21/11/2012 6 TP.HCM
10 Richard L Armitage & Joseph S Nye Jr
(2012), The US - Japan Alliance, anchoring stability in Asia, A Report of The CSIS
Japan Chair, Washington, DC