Kinh te thi tnidng la mot ki^u to chQe kinh te - xa hdi, trong dd qua trinh san xua't, phan phd'i, trao ddi va tieu dilng deu dUdc thiic hien thdng qua thi trUdng, tuan theo nhQng quy lu
Trang 1c^-n^j- 5-[o
NGHj QUYi'l XI COA DANG V A T H I / C T I I N CUdG S 5 N G
KINH TE TH! TRllfiTNG DjNH HUdNG XA HOI CHU NGHIA
VA VAN DE THUC HIEN CONG B A N G , TIEN BO XA HOI
v u VAN VlfeN'''
Md hinh kinh ti'thi trUdng dinh hiidng xd hoi chu nghia md Viit Nam dang xdy diMg vita phdt trien tuan theo cdc quy luat khdeh quan cua kinh tethi triiifng, vita ditdc ddn ddt, chi phoi hdi cdc nguyen tdc cua dink hildng xd hgi chu nghia Kinh tethi trUdng dinh hudng xd hoi chu nghia thi hiin tinh Uu viit cua no trong phdt triin kinh ti- xd hdi: 1) Huy dgng ductc mgi tiem ndng cua cdc thdnh phdn kinh te'di phdt trien; 2) ThUc hiin sU phdt triin tdng toe, thdng qua viic van dung cdc quy luat phdt triien kinh ti' khdeh quan ket hap vdi sU diiu tii't cua Nhd nUde Mat khde, no edng tao ctf sd thuan lai cho viee thUe hiin edng bdng, tieh bg xa hgi, thdng gua: 1) Ket hdp cdc nguyin tdc phdn phoi theo cd che thi trUdng vdi phdn phdl qua phuc Idi xd hdi; 2) Ki't hdp giUa viic ddy mg.nh phdt trien kinh ti'vdi tdng cudng phdt trien vdn hod, gido due - ddo tg.o, khoa hgc • edng nghe, phdt trien con ngUdi; 3) Thdng qua viic siJ dung cdc chinh sdch kinh te, xd hoi
^filp rong chien liidc phat trien kinh te
cua minh, moi quo'c gia deu phai
IS tinh den cac khia canh xa hoi trong
sil phat trien cua dat nit6c Lam the
nao de lUa chon mo hinh kinh te phii
hdp vdi dieu kien da't nxidc minh de v^a
dam bao tang triiSng kinh te nhanh,
viia giai quyl^t co hieu qua cac v^'n de
xa hoi? Viet Nam cung khong nlim
ngoai quy dao tren Hien nay, phii hdp
v6i dac diem cua minh, Viet Nam da
Ilia chon mo hinh phat trien kinh te thi
trUcfng dinh hii6ng xa hoi chu nghia
Vay thiic chat cua mo hinh nay la gi, no
CO Uu viet nhif the nao doi v6i sii phat
trien kinh te? No gop phan thiic hien
cong b&ng xa hoi nhii the nao?
1 Ve b a n chat, vai t r o cua kinh
te t h i trtfdng dinh hifdfng xa hoi chu nghia
Nhijing van de neu tren lien quan mat thiet t6i vSi'n de quan he gii3a chinh tri va kinh te Nh^n thiic va giai quyet mo'i quan he giiSa chinh tri va kinh te luon la van de quan trong nhat doi vdi
tat ca cac quo'c gia dan toe d moi thdi
dai Chu nghia Mac Lenin khang dinh, kinh te la nhan to' ma xet den ciing, quyet dinh chinh tri; chinh tri la sii bieu hien tap trung cua kinh te, la kinh te co dpng lai Theo do, ve nguyen
{*) Pho giao sii, tiS^n si, Vien Triet hoc, Vien Han
Trang 2tac, chinh tri luon phai tuan theo cac
quy luat kinh te khach quan, neu
khong thi sii van d6ng ciia chinh tri se
gap nhQng kh6 khan, trfi ngai, tham chi
la that bai Tuy nhien, mac dii chiu sii
quy dinh ciia nhiing quy luat kinh te,
song chinh tri khong phai la ban sao
thu dong cua kinh t&' Chinh tri c6 the
tac dong vao kinh te, dinh hiidng sii
phat tri^n kinh te theo nhiing muc tieu
nha't dinh Vai tro dinh hUdng cua
chinh tri doi vdi kinh te diidc the hien
tap trung nha't va triic tiep nha't thong
qua viec liia chon mo hinh kinh te
Doi vdi Viet Nam, tijf khi biidc vao
giai doan hda binh xay diing da't niidc,
khd khan, thtt thach Idn nha't doi vdi
Dang Cdng san va Nha niidc Viet Nam
la nhan thiic va giai quyet md'i quan he
giQa chinh tri va kinh te phii hdp vdi
nhiing quy luat khach quan ndi chung
va nhiing dac diem dan toe ndi rieng
trong bdi canh thdi dai da cd nhieu
thay doi
Tii Dai hoi VI nam 1986 den nay,
cting vdi cdng eude doi mdi toan dien
d^t niidc, nhan thiic ciia Dang Cong san
Viet Nam ve md'i quan he giQa chinh tri
vdi kinh te da co mdt biidc chuyen quan
trong, vai trd dinh hiJdng cua chinh tri
dd'i vdi kinh te da diidc xac dinh mot
each khach quan, khoa hoc Cac chu
trUdng, chinh sach kinh te cua Dang va
Nha nudc Viet Nam da ngay cang phii
hdp hdn vdi cac quy luat kinh te khach
quan, tiing budc khac phuc nhQng sai
l^m ciia benh chu quan, duy y chi trong
giai doan trUdc Nen kinh te tQ chd bi
quy dinh bdi cd che quan ly tap trung,
bao ca'p da d ^ chuyen sang n§n kinh
te nhilu thanh phan, dan dan hinh thanh the che kinh te thi trUdng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia
Kinh te thi tnidng la mot ki^u to chQe kinh te - xa hdi, trong dd qua trinh san xua't, phan phd'i, trao ddi va tieu dilng deu dUdc thiic hien thdng qua thi trUdng, tuan theo nhQng quy luat kinh
te khach quan Kinh t§' thi trUdng khdng chi bao gom cac ye'u to' cua liic lUdng san xua't, ma cdn ca mot he thd'ng quan he san xua't Chinh vi vay, khdng
cd mot nen kinh te thi trUdng chung chung, thu^n tiiy, trOu tUdng tach rdi khoi sii quy dinh cua hinh thai kinh te
-xa hdi Do do, cd the ndi, cac che do chinh tri khac nhau se dinh hUdng sii van dong, phat trien cua kinh td' thi trUdng theo nhQng ndi dung va dac diem khac nhau nham dat dUdc nhQng muc tidu chinh tri, kinh td', xa hdi ma nha nUdc va nhan dan cua qud'e gia dd
da Ilia chon
Nhu vay, cd the ndi, kinh te thi trudng la thanh tUu chung cua nhan loai chU khong rieng gi cua chu nghia tU ban NhUng, ro rang la, kinh td' thi trudng lan dau tien dat de'n sii phat trien hoan thien la 6 chii nghia tU ban Ndi cach-khac, chu nghia tu ban da tan dung tdi da Uu the cua kinh td' thi trUdng de tao da cho viec giai phdng moi tiem nang kinh doanh, tim kid'm Idi nhuan TCf do, mot each khach quan, kinh te thi trUdng tU ban chu nghia da thiic day liic lUdng san xua't eua xa hoi phat trien manh me chUa ttCng cd trong lich sii nhan loai trUdc chii nghia tu ban
Trang 3Tuy nhidn, kinh te thi trUdng tU ban
chu nghia khdng phai la mdt md hinh
kinh te hoan hao Ciing vdi sU phat
trien cua liic lUdng san xua't, mau
thuan giQa lUc lUdng san xua't mang
tinh chat xa hoi hda va toan c^u hda
ngay cang cao vdi quan he sd hQu tU
nhan tU ban chu nghia ve tU lidu san
xuat ngay cang trd nen gay gat, khdng
t h i giai quye't noi trong long cua chu
nghia tu ban Chinh vi vay, ben canh
nhQng mat tich ciic khdng the phu
nhan, kinh te thi trUdng tU ban chu
nghia van chUa diing day ray nhQng
mat tieu ciic Sii ba't cdng va ba't on ciia
xa hdi ngay cang sau sSc, khoang each
giau ngheo cang ngay cang doang ra va
tao nen hd' sau ngan each, lam tang
them mau thuan giQa ngUdi ngheo vdi
ngUdi giau, giQa cac nUde giau va cac
nUdc nghdo tren pham vi toan cau
Chu nghia tU ban da va dang tim
moi each de tii did'u chinh, tU thich
nghi bang each gia tang sU can thiep
triic tidp cua nha nUdc va cham lo
nhid'u hdn cac va'n de xa hoi Tuy
nhien, chu nghia tU ban khdng the tU
giai quye't dUdc, ma chi ph^n nao xoa
diu mau thuan ma thdi
Chinh vi the', C.Mac va Ph.Angghen
da phan tich va dii bao trong Tuyin
ngon cua Bdng Cong sdn rang, ehii
nghia tu ban ta't yeu phai nhudng ehd
cho mot phUdng thiic san xua't va che
do mdi van minh hdn, nhan dao hdn
-dd la ehu nghia xa hdi
Nhan loai mud'n tien Ien, xa hoi
mud'n phat trien thi dQt khoat khdng
chu nghia ed didn Do dd, dd'i vdi Vidt Nam, vide chuyen ddi tQ nen kinh te' kd' hoach hoa tap trung hi quy dinh bdi menh Idnh hanh ehinh, mang nang tinh chu quan, duy y chi sang nln kinh te' thi trUdng la mdt tat ye'u khach quan Tuy nhien, kinh td' thi trUdng d Viet Nam khdng the phat trien mot each tii phat, vd nguyen tac, ma phai dUdc dinh
hudng chinh tri ro rang nhSm s^ dung kinh tethi tritdng dethitc hien muc tieu ddn giau, niidc manh, dan chit, cdng bang, van minh, ti£ng biidc qud do lin chu nghia xd hgi Kinh te' thi trUdng
Viet Nam, do dd, da dUde Dang ta khang
dinh, phai la kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xd hpi chu nghia
Kinh te' thi trUdng dinh hUdng xa hoi chu nghia khdng phai la sii gan ghep
gUdng ep, duy y chi giQa kinh ti' thi trudng va chu nghia xd hgi, ma la sU
Ilia chon khoa hoe, nhay ben, bat kip vdi xu the' van ddng khach quan ciia kinh te' thi trUdng trong thdi dai ngay nay va phu hdp vdi nhQng dieu kien dae thii cua Vidt Nam Cd thd ndi, kinh td'
thi trudng la "cdi pho hiin", cdn dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia la "cdi dac thii"
eua Viet Nam
Ve thiic cha't, kinh td' thi trUdng dinh hudng xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam la
nin kinh ti' hdng hod nhiiu thdnh phdn, van hdnh theo ca chi' thi triCbng,
CO sU qudn ly cua Nhd nUdc theo dinh hudng xd hgi chu nghia Ddy la md hinh kinh te' viCa phdt trien tuan theo cdc quy luat cua kinh ti'thi triCbng, vita ditoc ddn ddt, chi phoi hdi cdc nguyin tdc cua dinh hitdng xd hgi chu nghia
Trang 4Dudi sii lanh dao cua Dang Cdng san
Viet Nam, Nha nUdc Viet Nam xa hoi
ehu nghia thUc hien chQc nang quan ly
nen kinh te' thi tnidng dinh hUdng xa
hdi chu nghia Kinh te' thi tnidng dinh
hudng xa hoi chii nghia the hien tinh
Uu viet doi vdi sii phat trien kinh te' ciia
dat nUdc nhU sau:
1) Huy ddng duoc moi tiem nang cua
cac thanh ph^n kinh td' de phat trien
liic lUdng san xuat, phat trien xa hdi
Dieu nay khdng the cd dUdc vdi md hinh
ke' hoach hoa tdp trung Ve sU phat
trien cua cac thanh phan kinh te', Dang
Cong san Viet Nam chu trUdng "phat
tridn nhanh, hai hoa cac thanh phan
kinh te' va cac loai hinh doanh nghiep
Phai tang cUdng tiem liic va nang cao
hieu qua cua kinh te' nha nUdc Kinh te'
nha nUde giQ vai trd chu dao, la liic
ludng vat cha't quan trong de Nha nUdc
dinh hudng va dieu tiet nen kinh te,
gdp phan on dinh kinh te' vi md Phat
trien kinh te' tdp the vdi nhieu hinh
thQc hdp tae da dang ma ndng cdt la
hdp tac xa Khuyen khich phat trien cac
hinh thQc td chQc san xuat kinh doanh
vdi sd hQu hdn hop ma chu ye'u la cac
doanh nghiep cd phan de loai hinh kinh
te' nay trd thanh pho bien trong nen
kinh te, thiic day xa hdi hoa san xuat
kinh doanh va sd hiiu Hoan thien ed
chd', chinh sach dl phat trien manh
kinh te' tU nhan trd thanh mot trong
nhQng ddng liic cua nen kinh te' Khuyd'n
khich kinh te cd vd'n dau tU nU6c ngoai
phat trien theo quy hoach"(l)
2) Thiic hien sU phat trien tang td'c
Dieu nay dUdc thUc hien theo hai
phUdng thQc: Mgt Id, vdn dung quy luat
phat triln kinh te khach quan Theo quan diem ciia chu nghia Mac - Lenin thi xa hoi phat trien tuan theo quy luat quan he san xuat phai phu hdp vdi trinh do phat trien ciia liie lUdng san xua't Ldi dung quy luat nay, trong nen kinh te' thi trUdng dinh hUdng xa hoi
chu nghia, Vidt Nam chii trUdng ki't hdp phdt trien lUc lUdng sdn xudt vdi xdy dUng quan he sdn xudt phii, htip
Thiic hien td't dilm nay se gdp ph^n lam cho nln kinh te phat triln nhanh hdn, tao ra sii tang td'c ciia sii phat
trien Hai Id, thdng qua sU quan ly cua
Nha nUdc, ehung ta cd the dilu tidt sii phat trien kinh td' de lam giam nhQng khiic quanh co khdng can thie't, dong thdi tao ra sU phat triln hai hoa giQa cac nganh, cac linh vUc cua nen kinh te qud'e dan NhQng dieu tiet nay cd thi dUdc thiic hien thdng qua cac ke hoach, chinh sach cu thi
2 Vd'n de thUc hien cong bdng, tien ho xd hoi
Kinh te' thi trUdng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia khdng chi la md hinh thuan ldi cho phat trie'n kinh td', ma cdn la cd
sd cho vide thUe hien cd hieu qua cdng bang va tie'n bd xa hdi
Do dieu kien cua minh, trong thdi gian qua, d Viet Nam, sii tang trudng
v l kinh te' dUdc dat Ien hang d^u Dieu nay nham nhanh chdng khac phuc tinh trang khd khan trong ddi sd'ng nh;'n dan va sdm dUa da't nUde vUdt qua
(1) Dang Cong san Viet Nam Van kien Dai hoi dai
biin toan quoc lan thi2Xl Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia,
Trang 5khiing hoang kinh te' Nhiing, ne'u chi
chu y de'n tang trUdng kinh te' ma
khdng dat no trong boi canh ehung ciia
cdng bang, tieh bd xa hdi thi "ldi ba't cap
hai" Dd thiic hien muc tieu lau dai,
ngoai vide d^y manh tang trUdng kinh
td', chung ta phai quan tam giai quye't
tot cac vSh de khac cua ddi sd'ng xa hoi,
trong do phai tQng budc thuc hidn cdng
bang va tie'n bd xa hdi Diing nhu Dang
Cong san Vidt Nam da khang dinh:
"ThQc hidn tid'n bo va cdng bang xa hdi
ngay trong tQng budc va tUng chinh
sach phat trien; tang trUdng kinh te di
ddi vdi phat trien vdn hoa, y te, giao
due, giai quydt td't cac va'n dl xa hdi vi
mue tieu phat trien con ngudi"(2)
Lien quan tdi cac van de nay, dilu
phQc tap nha't va do do, ciing ed nhieu y
kien khac nhau nha't, ro nhat la khi ndi
ve md'i quan he giQa phat triln nen
kinh t l thi trUdng vdi thiic hien cdng
bang va tie'n bo xa hoi Chang han, giao
due - dao tao cd Id mot loai thi trUdng
hang hoa? Ne'u la mot thi trUdng thi
giai quylt va'n de cdng bang trong giao
due - dao tao nhU the' nao? De cd tu duy
dung dan khi giai quye't md'i quan he
nay, chiing ta e4n dUa tren cac tien de
ed ban sau day:
Tritdc het, phai diia tren quan niem
dung dan ve cdng hang xd hgi vdi
nhiing ndi dung:
Cdng bang xa hdi Id sii ngang bang
nhau giQa ngUdi va ngUdi ehu yeu dUde
xdt ve phUdng dien phan phdi san pham
xa hdi theo nguyen tic; Cdiig hien sQc liic
ngang nhau thi hudng thu ngang nhau
Cdng bang xa hoi khdng chi gidi han
trong linh viie kinh te', md ea linh viie chinh tri, phap ly, van hda, xa hoi Cdng bang bao ham trong nd yeu cau ve sii phu hdp giQa quyen va nghia vu, giQa lam va hQdng, giQa lao ddng va sU tra cdng, giQa tdi pham vd sU trQng phat, giQa cdng lao va sii thUa nhan ciia
xa hdi Su khdng phu hdp trong nhQng quan he do dQde xem la ba't cdng
Bin canh do, phai diia tren quan niem tdng quat ve tiin bg xd hgi trong
sii phat triln nen kinh te' thi trUdng d Viet Nam hien nay, vdi mdt so' ndi dung chu ye'u la:
Tie'n bo xa hpi Id kinh te tang trudng nhanh, cd chd't lUdng cao va bin vQng tren cd sd lUc lUdng san xud't hien dai
va quan he san xuat phu hdp theo dinh hudng xa hpi chu nghia
Tie'n bd xa hpi la quyln lam chu cua nhan dan ddi vdi mpi mat ddi sd'ng xa hdi dUdc nang cao va dUdc dam bao thdng qua Nhd nUde phap quyen xa hdi chu nghia ciia dan, do dan va vi dan trong sach, vQng manh
Tie'n bp xa hdi la van hda, giao due, khoa hpc dUdc md mang, trinh dp dan tri phat trien, quan he giQa con ngUdi vdi con ngQdi lanh manh; nhQng thdi
hu, tat xa'u bi day Iui Con ngUdi titng budc dUde giai phdng khdi ap bQc, bdc
lot, ba't cdng; cd cudc sd'ng ngay cang am
no, tu do, hanh phuc; cd dieu kien phat trien nhan each mdt each todn didn Xuat phat tQ nhQng quan diem neu tren, chung tdi cho rang, vide thUc hien
(2) Dang Cong san Viet Nam Van kien Bai hgi dai bieu toan quoc idn thU X Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia
Trang 6cdng bang va tie'n bd xa hdi ehi dat dUdc
khi thitc hien dong bp sii tang trudng
kinh te vdi phat triln van hoa, y te',
khoa hpc - cdng nghe, giao due - ddo
tao, dac biet la phai hudng sU phdt
trien kinh te'vdo viec thuc hien cdc
muc tieu vdn hod, y te, khoa hoe,
gido duCf ddo tao Ndi each khac sU
kit hdp giQa tang trUdng kinh te' vdi
thiie hien cdng bang vd tien bd xa hdi
phai dUdc the hien ngay trong tQng
chinh sach phat triln kinh te
D I ldm dUdc dieu nay, khi xSy diing
cac quye't sach phat triln kinh te,
ehung ta phai chii y tdi vai trd dieu tiet
eua nha nUdc Ve vd'n de nay, cd quan
diem eho rSng, khi chuydn sang kinh te'
thi trUdng, nha nUdc khdng can phai
can thiep vdo kinh td' va khdng can
thie't phai kd' hoaeh hda vi md nln kinh
td' Day Id quan diem hoan toan sai lam
Trdn thiic te', ngay trong nln kinh te tU
ban chii nghia, chiing ta cung khdng
the xem cac quan hd thi trUdng hoat
ddng theo quy luat kinh te khdeh quan
mpt each biet lap vdi sii dieu tiet ciia
nha nUdc Nha nUdc, mgt mat, can can
nhac ky ludng nhQng menh lenh hanh
chinh de cho cac hoat dpng thi trUdng
dUdc didn ra chu yeu theo sii hUdng ddn
cua eae quy luat gia tri, quy luat eung
eau, canh tranh; bao dam nguyen tac
van hanh cua nen kinh te' la nguyen tac
thi trudng "tii dieu chinh" Mat khdc, a
Viet Nam, kinh te thi trUdng la kinh ti'
thi tritdng dinh hitdng xd hgi chu nghia,
khdng phai Id thi trUdng tu dieu tiet
hoan toan, nham dat dUdc sU tang
trudng kinh te thuan tuy, md cdn phai
phuc vu cac muc tieu chinh tri - xa hdi cua dat nU6c trong tiing thdi ky Do dd,
nd cdn phai chiu sii quan Iy cua Nha nUdc xa hpi chu nghia
Ben canh vide s\i dung cd che thi
trUdng, ap dung eae hinh thQc kinh t l
va phUdng phap quan ly eua kinh te' thi trUdng dl kich thieh san xua't, giai phdng sQc san xua't, Nhd nUdc edn quan
ly nen kinh te' bang chie'n lUdc, quy hoach, ke' hoach, chinh sach, phap ludt; trong dd, viec sii dung eae chinh sach kinh t l , ma trUde hdt va quan trpng nhat la cac ehinh sach ve cac va'n de sd hQu, quan ly, phan phd'i, tdi ehinh, tien
te dl dinh hQdng dd'i vdi sii phat trien kinh te' thi trudng la mpt trong nhiing van de ed ban, cd tinh cha't then chd^ nhat de vQa dam bao sii tang trUdng kinh te', vQa dam bao viec thiic hien cdng bang va tien bd xa hdi
TQ nhiing dinh hUdng tren day, vide thiie hien cdng bang va tien bp xa hdi
trong nln kinh te' thi trUdng h Viet Nam
can tuan thu cac nguyen tac sau day:
1) Ke't hdp cdc nguyin tdc phdn phdi theo eg che thi tritdng vdi phdn phoi qua phuc loi oca hoi
Cd thd ndi, phan phoi Id mdt phUdng thQc ed ban eua viec thiic hien cdng bang va tie'n bp xa hpi Vi vay, viec xay
dung mgt nguyin tde phdn phoi phii hop la cdng viee het sQc quan trpng
hien nay
Trong nen kinh te thi trQdng dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghia, chiing ta phai kit hdp nhilu hinh thQc phan phdi Trong dd, phan phdi lan dau phan phd'i theo ddng gdp vo'n, ddng gdp ve tri
Trang 7tue, ddng gdp ve sQc lao ddng lay hieu
qua kinh te Id chinh Da'y chinh la hinh
thQc phan phdi theo cd che' thi trUdng
bieu hidn qua ldi nhuan, tien lUdng
Ben canh dd, ciing phai thiie hien phan
phd'i lai - phSn phd'i eho nhiing ngudi ed
cdng vdi xd hdi, cho nhiing ngUdi gap
rui ro Day chinh la phan phd'i theo
phuc ldi xa hdi dUdc thd hien qua cac
che' dp dai ngd, cac chinh sach trd cap
xa hdi Mue dieh eua sii kdt hdp nay Id
vQa bao dam cho eae chii the tham gia
kinh te' thi trQdng cd dilu kidn dua
tranh phat huy tai nang va cd ldi nhuan
eao, vQa tao duoc dieu kien cho mpi
ngUdi ddn trong cdng dong cd dUdc cupc
sd'ng on dinh, phat trien binh thudng
Ke't hdp chat che nhQng nguyen tac
phan phd'i cua chii nghia xa hdi va
nguyen tac phan phd'i theo ed ehl cua
kinh te thi tnidng nhQ tren Id bieu hien
cu the eua vide thiie hien cdng bang va
tie'n bd xa hdi trong nen kinh te thi
trUdng dinh hUdng xa hdi chu nghia
Ben canh dd, Nha nUde phai ehu
ddng dilu tidt thu nhap giQa cac tang
Idp dan cU Mgt mat, Nha nUdc phai cd
chinh sach de giam bdt khoang each
chenh lech giQa Idp ngUdi gidu va Idp
ngUdi ngheo, khdng de dien ra sii chenh
lech qua mQc giQa cac vung, mien, cac
ddn tdc vd cac t^ng Idp ddji cU, thiic
hien td't chinh sdch an sinh xa hpi Mat
khdc, Nha nUdc phai ed chinh sach, bien
phap bao ve thu nhap ehinh dang, hdp
phap cho ngUdi giau, khuyd'n khich
ngUdi cd tai nang
2) Ki't hdp giita viec ddy manh phdt
trien kinh te vdi tdng ct/dng phdt trien
vdn hod, gido due • ddo tao, khoa hgc -cdng nghe, phdt trien con ngitdi
TQ khi tie'n hanh edng eudc ddi mdi den nay, Dang Cdng san va Nhd nUdc Viet Nam phai xay dUng mot xa hdi van minh, tie'n bp, phat trien eon ngUdi mdt each toan dien Hdn nQa, chiing ta ludn xac dinh ro eon ngUdi vQa la muc tieu, vQa la ddng liic cua mpi sQ phat trien
Dd thiic hien dUde cac nhiem vu neu tren, viec d^y manh tang trudng kinh te' la chUa du Sii tang trUdng kinh td' cung lam ehi cai thien dUdc ve mat vat cha't eua ddi sd'ng nhan dan De thUe
hien tie'n bd xa hdi, chung ta edn phai
chii y nang cao ddi sd'ng tinh th^n cua nhan dan Vi vay, ciing vdi vide day nhanh phat trien kinh te', ehiing ta phai day manh phat trien van hoa, giao due -ddo tao, khoa hpc - edng nghe Van hoa la nen tang tinh than cua
xa hpi Vi vay, trong chie'n lUdc phat trien van hoa, ehung ta chii trUdng:
"Xay diing nln van hoa Viet Nam tien tie'n dam da ban sac dan tpe"(3), dUa phong trao "toan dan doan ke't xay diing ddi sd'ng van hoa di vao chieu sau, thie't thiic, hieu qua"(4)
Vl giao due - dao tao, khoa hpc - cdng nghe, chiing ta cung h i t sQc coi trpng Dang ta chu trUdng: 'That huy nguon lUc tri tue vd sQc manh tinh than cua ngUdi Viet Nam; coi phat triln giao due
va dao tao, khoa hpc va cdng nghe la
(3) Dang Cong san Viet Nam Vdn kiin Dai hgi dai bieu todn quoc lan thU X Nxb Chinh t n Quoc gia
Ha Noi, 2006, tr.213
(4) Dang C6ng san Viet Nam Van kien Dgi hgi dai bieu todn quoc idn thUXI Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia,
Trang 8nen tang va ddng liic cua cdng nghiep
hoa, hien dai hoa"(5)
3) ThUc hiin cdng bdng vd tien bg xd
hgi trong phdt trien kinh tetgo ddng lUc
cho sU phdt trien thong qua viic sit
dung cdc chinh sdch kinh te, xd hgi Hd
thd'ng cac chinh sach ndy, mgt mat, gdp
phan dilu tilt sii phat triln kinh te;
mat khdc, gdp phan ke't hdp hdi hoa sU
phat tren kinh te' vdi viee thiic hidn
edng bang va tie'n bd xa hpi Chdng han,
mpt sd' chinh sach sau day:
Chinh sdch lao dgng vd viec ldm
Ddy la chinh sach kinh td' - xa hdi cd
ban NO cd nhiem vu dao tao, boi dUdng
ngu6n lao ddng ed kien thUe, ky nang
va lUdng tam nghe nghiep ngdy cang
cao, tao ra nhilu vide lam mdi, dong
thdi sv( dung hieu qua nguon liic ay,
giam dan ty Id that nghiep va thieu vide
ldm, vUdn tdi toan dung lao ddng xa
hdi Dd chinh Id bien phap quan trpng
de vQa thue day tang tnidng kinh te,
vQa nang eao dan tri, dao tao nhan tai
phat huy tiem nang lao ddng, sang tao
trong cdng dong tao nen ddng liie eho
phat trien xa hdi bin vQng
Chinh sdch xoa doi, gidm ngheo Day
khdng ddn thuan ehi la mot chinh sach
tQ thidn, ma la mdt he thd'ng chinh sach
kinh te, xa hdi, vdn hda, chinh tri vd
mdi trUdng nhdm tac dpng tnic tiep va
gian tiep de'n cac nguyen nhan cd ban
dan de'n ddi ngheo, tao cd hdi binh ddng
cho mpi ngUdi, thiie hien dan chu trong
phat trien kinh te Do Id cac chinh sach
giao quyln sii diing dat, tao vd'n,
chuyen giao tie'n bd ky thuat, hd trd ve
giao due va y te', hd trd xay diing kd't
ed'u ha t^ng thilt yd'u, phat huy quyln lam chu cho ngudi nghdo va cdng dong nghdo d l giiip hp tii vUdn Ien thoat nghdo, thu hep d i n khoang each vl trinh dd phat triln, ve thu nhap va mUc sd'ng gifla cac t ^ g Idp dan cU, eae thanh phan dan toe, cac viing miln trong ca nUdc
Vi^" chinh sdch tdi chinh, tien ti Ben
canh cac edng eu khac, Nhd nUde thiic hien vai trd quan ly n l n kinh t l thdng qua mdt chQc ndng quan trpng nQa la hoach dinh cac chinh sach tai chinh, tien te
Chinh sach tai chinh, tien te la chinh sach dilu tiet kinh te' vi md ciic ky quan trpng cua Nha nUde trong nen kinh te' thi trudng, cd anh hudng Idn din cac bie'n s6', nhU edng an viec Idm, tang trudng, lam phat Do dd, xay diing dUdc chinh sach tai chinh, tien te phii hdp se nang cao chd't lUdng tang tnidng, bao dam sii phat triln an toan, lanh manh cua n l n kinh te' Thiie hidn cac ehinh sach tai chinh, tien te diing ddn
se tao ra ddng liic to Idn eho sU phat trien cua da't nude
Kinh t l thi tnidng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia cf Viet Nam dang phat huy tinh tich ciic cua nd - giai quye't mdt each cd hidu qua eae nhiem vu kinh tl,
xa hdi cua ddt nude Nd chdng nhiing giup cho viec day nhanh sii tang tnidng kinh t l , ma eon gdp p h ^ to Idn trong thiic hien cdng bang va tien bd xa hdi Q
(5) Dang Cpng san Viet Nam Vdn kien Dgi hoi dgi
bii'u todn quoc lan thii IX Nxb Chinh tri QuSc gia
Ha N5i, 2001, tr.91