Xây dựng xã hội học tập ngày nay.pdf

Dg[i;mHacs33-2 f V r / r ^ 61 Ti ' fl nhflng tii^ niln cudi eua thi ky XX, hai khii ni|m ra ddi 11 Hpc sudt ddi vl Xa hgi hgc tap; Unesco xuat ban " Hgc de lim ngflcfl Thi gidi Gilo Dye

Dg[i;mHacs(33-2 f V r / r ^

61

Ti ' fl nhflng tii^ niln cudi eua thi ky XX, hai khii ni|m ra ddi

11 Hpc sudt ddi vl Xa hgi hgc tap; Unesco xuat ban " Hgc de

lim ngflcfl Thi gidi Gilo Dye i ^ y nay va ngiy mai" - Pans,

UNESCO-1972: "Mdt xl hdi hgc t|p II mpt xa hdi trong dd tit d d c

td cbflc xl hdi deu II ngudi eung d p giio dye chfl khdi^ rieng gi d c

nha ti^dng Mpt nhi may, mpt ed sd kinh t l eung cd the-™ cin phai

ed mpt irai trd ve giao dye, nd cd the tfl huln luy|n cho nhln viln va

eung ed thi giao dye eho cdng chii:^ vi cae qua trinh va san pham

doi^ gdp cfla nd eho xl hdi "

Hpi nghi UNESCO vl giao due Dai hpc trong the ky XXI -"Hudng

w Ig trbih 21 eua giao due d^i hgc TSm nhin vl hinh dgng" Paris

-tiiang 10/1998 da dfla ra nh|n dinh'

- "Cdn phdi tu duy lai ve tong thihoat dpng pdo di^a ngdy nay, bat

cd tiinh dp, hinh thdc gido diic ndo, kied gj.do due dqi hgc, edng Ididng

MdUdcxemnhUldAdtsUddtdnciinghaykitAuc Thi^dSildncdp

rfi!e( cua ^nh vUc gido due Id sif biin doi gido dtfc theo hudnggido du.c

^Udngxuyin cho mgi ngUdi,haymoi ngUdiphdi hgesudtddi"

- "Bdn chdt cua tii thdc hiin dqi: doi mdi liin (MC vd md rdng den

didng mat la phit hdp vdi khdi niem gido d^c thudngxuyin"

- "Md hinh gido difc diUdng xuyen edn phdi dUdc tieh hdp ngay

khdng didm tii'

- "Khai ni^m hoc sudt ddi co tam quan trpng cao nhlt"

- "Hpc sudt ddi la thiet ylu eho sy phat triln con ngudi vi nghi

nghilp, eho sfl thay ddi i^hl, nIm bit d c nang luc ehuyen d}eh dUpc

cung nhu thoa man cung d u ve nhln Iflc chit lUpng eao"

- "Mot trong nhdng sd menh timg dm eua g}do due dm hgc Id tham

^ khdi ddng^do due thudngxuyin {hay Idffdo due suot ddi) cho mgi

ngua ffdo due dm hgc phdi Id nhdn td vd dpnglUc trgng yeu cua gido

diictl

- "Gilo dye tfl xa, giao dye t^ ndi lam vi|c va dac bi|t la d e cong

nghi tiidng tin vi thdng Iflu mdi d l md rpng dang ke kha nang cua

giao dye dai hpe thflc hiln khai niem giao due thifdng xuyln." Nam

1972 £<^ar Faure da cho xult ban cuon sdch "Hpc de tdn tai" da

lim xoay chuyin nhin thflc vl giao dye, dae bi|t la giio dye ngUdi Idn

va d|t trong xu hudng giao dye suot ddi'

Gilo dye thudng xuyln (hay GDKCQ) ta chia khoa d l xiy dung

XHHT d i bude vao till k? 21 Tuyen ngdn 21 di&n eua UNESCO

troi^ do ed 9 diem djnh hudng phat trien giao dye tiiUdng xuyln;

(Dilm 1: GDTX phii la nit chu dao cua mgi chinh sach giio dye

trong nhflng n|m sip tdi, tji d c nUdc cdng nghilp phit trien eung

nhu d c nUdc dang phat trien Diem 2: GDTX qua mgi lfla tudi trong

LgHAlYEN

Trung t i m nghien cflu v i p h i t trien tfl hgc

nghia li giao dye phai trd thanh phong \iao quan ehiing thflc sfl

Diem 3: Gilo dye phli dupe den hanh va lilp thu bang nhieu each

khac nhau, Dilu quan trpng la hge cli gi vi hge difpc cii gi Diem 4:

Xoa bd hang rio gia t?o gifla d e nganh, d e d p giao due, gifla GDCQ

vi GDTX Diem 8: Phli t^o dieu ki|n thuIn Igi cho vi|c ehuyin ddi 1^1 nghiep; thyc bi|n dao t^io bd sung bing bi^n phap tu nghi|p va hge t|p djnh ky Dilm 9: Ngoii nhi tiUdng, d e xi nghi|p, d e nganh kinh doanh vi giao dye ngoai nhi tiildng cung phai chju trach nhi|m

ve vi|e dio t^o ky tiiu|t, Dilm 12: Nhanh chdng phit tiien giao dye cho ngudi Idn, d trang va ngoii trUdng hgc, phli li mpt myc tieu Uu tiln cfla chiln lupe giao dye Dilm 13: Mpi hoat dgng xol mu chfl deu phai hudng vio d c mye tilu piilt trien kinh tl-xa hpi eua dat nUdc Dilm 20; Vi|e giang day phli thich nghi vcfi ngUdi hge, chfl khdng phli huge ngfldi hge tuIn theo cic qui i^nh cd sin tfl tntdc theo tiidng 1| ed truyen.)

1993 UNESCO thinh % U^ Ban vl Gilo Dye eho till ky XXI

-Jacques Delors edng bd bao d o "Hge tap - mdt kho blu tilm an" : Giao dye thfldng xuyln - Gilo Dye xuyen sudt euge ddi: "Gido Due

Id mdt ho^t dpng mang tinh epng Mng xd hpi hgc tdp bao gom hai ff id doan Gido Dyic ban ddu vd Gido Due ngUdi Idn kit hdp vdt sU hgc tdp tuy Aeo hodn ednh (hoe suot ddi)" Nhfli^ khang dinh trln cua cae ta

chfle giio dye vi d e Hdi nghi quan tn?ng eua UNESCO - da ehi rd djnh hudng va tim quan trgng eua XI hdi hgc tap \^ hge suot ddi ddi vdi sfl phat tiiln cua die gidi tiong thi ki XXI Cy the ndi xa hpi hgc tip vl hge sudt ddi li mdt xu the mcft trong qua trinh phat trien cua nhln loai d thdi ky hlu cdng nghiep, Dd cung la ddi hdi eua yeu d u phit trien kinh tl, ciia tiln bd khoa hge vi cdng ngh| va cui^ II ddi

hdi cua sfl phit trien con ngUdi is thdi dai mdi Nhfli^ khuyin d o

cua UNESCO tren day ve Giao dye thudng xuyen GDTX (giao dye

sudt ddi) d l dugc dc nUde xem trgng, van dyng vao d e dinh hudng

I Md HINH TdNG QUAT TRONG XA HOI HOC TAP

HI thdng giio dye ban dIu vdi cic nginh hge tfl nhi ti-e, mau giao din giao dye phd thdng, giao dye cao dang vi dai hpe He tiidng nay

cun dupe gpi 11 h | thdng giio dye chinh quy trong nhi trudng, Va H |

tiidi^ gido dye ti^ tiie, gido due ngoai xd hdi gdm nhflng trUdng Idp, nhflng td cbflc hpc t|p theo phfldng thflc gido dye khdng chinh quy hoac phi chinh quy ( d n gd hge nay), Nen gido dye tiong xd hdi hge tip hudng vio vi|c xay dflng cho con ngfldi nang Iflc ddn nh|n, xfl 1;^, sfl dung, truyen bd thdi^ tin d l xd hgi tiln kjp sfl phdt tiiln cua tri thflc nhon loai Do vay nln gido dye phii t|p Irui^ vio sfl phdt triln con i ^ d i tren co sd tfl chu cua moi ngUdi, lira cho con ngUdi

phat huy eao dd nang lUc sang tao, nai^ dgng vi mgi phupng di|n

62 , —

Ifle tii hpe cfla mdi ngfldi Ngiy nay trong dilu ki|n phat trien

nhanh chdng cfla each mang khoa hpc vi edng nghi, khdng ai

cd thi coi kiln thflc eua giao dye ban dau tfle giio dye tfl nha

tre din dai hpc vl trln d^i hpc lai cd thi du cho ca ddi ngfldi Vd

v|y, phli tilp tye hpc l|p, hge khyng bao gid ngflng, phai thay

ddi ty duy giao dye phu hop vdi xu thi ehung xem giao dye dio

lao la ylu td quylt dinh lUdng lai cua mdi dan tdc, sfl phat trien

cfla mdi qudc gia, Theo UNESCO Md hinh tdng quit cua x l hpi

hpe tip bao gom:

* H | thdng giao due ban dau vdi d e nginh hpc tfl nhi tre,

mlu giao din giio dye phd thdng, gido dye eao dang va dai hgc

n h i trudng

* \ ^ H | thdng gido dye tilp tyc, gido dye ngoai xd hpi gdm

nhflng trudng Idp, nhflng td chfle hpe t | p theo phUOng thfle giao

dye khdng ehinh quy ho|c phi chinh quy (can gd hgc nay)

II CAC HINH THl/C HOC TRONG XA HOI HOC TAP

Tfl diln bach khoa Vilt Nam khdng cd d e mye tfl "giio due

ehinh quy" vi "giio dye khdng chinh quy" vi nhilu thuat ngfl

khac cd lien quan Vi v|y can djnh nghia cae myc tfl dd sao cho

boa hpp vdi thflc tiln Vi|t Nam, tit nhiln cin tham khao d e

thu|t ngfl d ngoii nude,

1) Gilo dye chinh quy (formal education) Giao dye chinh

quy (GDCQ) la hinh thfle giio due thoa mIn cl ba dilu lain

sau diy:

a ChUdng trinh hgc li mdt ehildng trinh ca bin dii hgn, cd

h | thdng, khdng chi nhim cung d p cho ngUdi hgc nhflng kiln

thflc, nhflng ky nang cin dting trUde mat ma cdn nham cung d p

eho hg nhflng kiln tbfle, ky nang, nhflng phuong phap tu duy,

nhflng pham chat cd ban tJio ebo hg mpt tilm nang phat triln

llu dli lln nhflng trinh dp cao hdn Sau diy, nhflng chuong trinh

hge nhu vgy se ggi la nhflng chUdng trinh ed bdn Nhflng chuong

trinh khdng thoa man dilu ki|n trln si ggi 11 d c chUOng trinh

thilt thflc

b Hinh thflc hge la hinh thfle tap trung ngudi hgc thinh tflng

Idp, cd mdt hay nhieu giao vien phy trach giing day, hUdng dan

thye hanh, nghien cflu Cd hgc trong Idp (npi khod) va hge ngoai

ddi {ngoqi khod)

c Gid gilc hpc t | p phin Idn la d trong gid chinh quyen Vi du:

- H | thdng d c tnldng phd thdng theo dung do tudi hiln nay

- H | thdng d c trudng Dji hgc, Cao Dang (eie khoa hpe tap

trung dli h ^ )

Thudng h | thdng GDCQ d tflng cap hge ihi hgc sinh, sinh

viln cd cflng mdt dd tudi - cap tieu hpc (tfl 6-10 tudi), cap

(19-22 tudi)

2 Gilo dye khdng chinh quy (Irregular education /

non-formal education) Mpi hinh thfle td chfle giao dye khdng thoa

mIn day dii d ba dieu ki|n a), b), e) ndi tren deu ggi la giao dye

khdng chinh quy (GDKCQ), gdm cd:

a) Gido due tUxa (GDTXa) - distance education- la hinh thflc

td chfle hge trong do thay va trd khdng giap mit nhau mi trao

doi thdng tin qua cae phUdng ti|n trung gian tfl tai lilu in eho

DcyvuHpc ChUtJng trinh hgc tfl xa cd the 11 cd bdn mi cung cd the la tkUl

thUc Trong GDKCQ till GDTXa la quan Vx>ng nhlt vi nd khS(^

phye dflpc "khoing each khdng gian" gifla thIy vi trd lam cho tiiiy, trd xa nhau may cung tien hinh day vi hgc dupe, dd di l^i, dd xiy trfldng sd, lo ngi tni eho ngUdi hgc Vdi cic phUdng ti|n thdng titi hi|n dai thi nd khac phyc ludn ca "khoang d c h thdi gian" vi ci

"khoing each tam ly" gifla nhuiig ngUdi eflng hge nhitng tudi tiic khde nhau, cuong v| khac nhau vi ai d n h i niy ml hpe

b) Gido due ngodi gid (GDNG)- (thfldng Ii ban dim ho^e vio

nhflng ngiy nghi) TrUdc khi cd GDTX thi day li hinh ihflc h^c chu ylu cho ngUdi dang Ilm vi|e d d e cd quan nhi nUde hay cic

xi nghilp (he Bd tue \ ^ n hda -BTVH)

c) Cdc hinh thdc td chdc hgc litdi hoat khdc cho nhflng ngiidi

lao dgng tfl do, cho ndng din II nhflng ngUdi khdng lam vi^

theo gid giae chinh quyen, vi nhu d c hinh Ihfle hpc tip is cic

trung tim hpc tap edng ddng hi|n nay

d) Hinh (htfc tU hgc (TH) theo mpt chUdng trinh ed ban hay

thiet thflc do eac ed nhln ngUdi hpc Ifl id chfle lay dfla vao sadi, tai hlu, truyen thanh, truyen hinh, m^ing Nlu vi^e ty hpc nayco dUdc sy budng dan (khdng trye tiep m i qua phUdng li|n) ciia mgt thay 6 xa, thi dd la tfl hgc cd bUdng dan tflc li hgc til xa Tuy phan chia ra nhU v|y vin ed sfl dan xen gifla cdc hinh thiic giio dye Trong GDCQ, ngoii gid hgc trln Idp, thIy vi trd ciii^

khdng gap nhau; nhflng gid ndi khod thi lien hinh tren Idp dm

cic gid ngoiii khod thudng II tiln binh ngoii Idp GDTX eung co

nhflng dpt tap trung ngan h^n, d dd thiy vd trd giap m|t nhau,

Vi v|y, phin bi?t ra GDCQ va GDKCQ chi li IflPng ddi

3 Giio dye phi chinh quy (GDPCQ) - non-formal education Trong cugc sdng, mdi con ngUdi deu nhan dUpc nhflng bai hgc chinh di|n hay phan di|n khi eg xdl vdi thfle tien, mi ban than khdng ludng trUdc, khdng ed k l ho9ch trUdc Vi dy, dd 1^ cich hoe trong d u ; "Di mpt ngay dang hpe dUpe mdt sing khdn" SiJ

giao dye chpt din, khdng dinh trUde dd ggi la gido dlfc phi ehlnh

quy Nd dan xen vao GDCQ vi GDKCQ Ching h^n, mdt hijc

sinh, ngoai bai vd trln Idp dpc mdt quyIn tieu thuyet hay trong

do nhan vai la mpt hgc sinh ngheo nhflng hgc rat idt vl da trci thanh nhan tli, Ihi eung d m thay nhfl dflpc tilp thIm sflc m^h mdi d l quylt ehi hoe tap theo gUOng nhln vat tilu thuylt Nhii sau nay ta se thay, nhd ed GDPCQ ma ngfldi hge thfle hi|n dflijc khau hi|u: "Hge mgi lue, hgc mgi ndi, hgc mpi ngiidi, hpc trong mgi hoan d n h , bpc bing mpi each vl qua mpi npi dung dii xa hay gan vdi ehuyen mdn cua mlnh (slu mpi)"

4 Giao dye Uln tyc- continuing education Mdi con ngfldi

ngay nay sau GDCQ dIu phli hpe sudt ddi nghia la phli dtKJt

giao due liln tye (GDLT)

5 Gilo dye t?i chfle (GDTC) - in-service education Gilo dye ma ddi tUpng l i nhflng ngUdi dang lam vi|c - l?i chfle (bang mdt hay nhilu hinh thflc thich hpp) Gilo due t?i chfle la mdt bg pb|n cua Giao due thudng xuyln

III- N H Q N G KHO KHAN TRONG VI^C XAY DUNG XA H6I

HOCTAP

1- Vdng "Kim Cd" Trong Ig trinh edng nghi|p h o i hi|n d^i

hoa vl hdi nhap cua d c nUde cham phdt trien Cdc nUde n^iit

thudng phdi dpi tren ddu mgt vdng "KIM CO" lan qudn vd ngd)

DaijmHQCsdi

/ ^

Hoi nght.'<)-d!in t r i limp, k' cuch )>juu nghcti cjn lang

Sun1tii)ng&(;E)Plliup

<;m«Duci:hjinplijl tni'n

^ L

_ | C l \ (

Uiiu Iir cho snit xuui

I'ho tiian due lh<ip

\ O N ( ; - M M ( (')"

,AC N l ' O C

C H 4 M PHAT TRIEN I Tui hJu vakhon^

Ihc lioi nhap

^ y

^ ^ Dantrilhup + /

The gidi dang ehung kien su p h i n hoa giau ngheo

rIt k h i c nghiet giiia cae nude,

Nhung ben canh dd, th€' gidi cung chiing k i l n

nhflng "con rdng", "con hd" vugt ra khoi cai vong

"Kim C o " de vuon len thanh nhijng nude phat iriln

(Han Quoc Sin ga po, Thai L a n )

Bi quyel cua eac nudc nay la gi nfiu kh6ng phai la

hg da coi trgng va'n dd ning cao trinh dO din tri va chit lugng ngudn nhan luc? Ta hay quan sat bang thdng k l sau cua Ng^n hang The gidi, va chic khdng c i n Idi binh luan gi ihfem

T T

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Nucic

Singapo

Han Quoc

Malaixia

Thai Lan

Philippin

T r u n g Quoc

an Do

Viet Nam

Indonexia

Mianma

(iDP Iheo

dau ngircri

($)

20886

10106

3905

2060

975

989

487

435

817

D a u l u c h o

G D til C D P

3 , 7 %

3 , 6 %

7 9 %

5 , 0 % 3.2 % 2.3 %

4 , 1 %

2 , 3 % 1,3%

1,3%

NgU(ri dan thu huong G/Duc

$)

772,7 363,8 208.4 103,0 31,2 22,74 19,96 10,02

Chi so phat trien G.D

0,91 0,97 0.83 0.88 0.89 0,83 0.S4 0.82

Di hoc tir

6 ' 24 tuoi

8 7 %

9 2 %

7 0 %

73 %

81 %

6 8 %

5 5 %

6 4 %

Biet cho tir

15 tuoi trci len 92.5 %

9 7 9 % 88,7 % 92,6 %

9 2 , 6 % 90.9 % 61,3 % 90.3 %

Ngudn • Bdo cao phdi tnen the gidi 2002-2003- Ngdn hdng Tliegidi

IV TRINH D 6 DAN TRI CUA CHONG TA HliN NAY

ThiNAO?

Van minh la sy ket hpp diy du cic yiu td lien tiln tai ihdi

diem xet dia de tao nln, duy tri , van hinh va \\kn hoi xa hpi

loai ngudi Cae ylu td cua v§n minh cd th§ hiiu gpn lai la di

san tich luy tri thu'c , tinh thin va v | t chit cua con ngudi k i tir

khi loai ngudi hinh thinh cho den thdi dilm xet den, Ve mat san

xuil kt thuat phan thinh van minh Ndng nghipp, Cdng nghiep,

"van minh ndng nghiep"; trinh dp dan tri thap: Bieu hi?n d cic

hdi, y thttc chap hanh phap luat deu thip Dan tri thap bieu

hien tren loi song vd suy iighi, vdn hod, tdp qudn, tdc phong,

tu ludng, y thuc dao due bi xoi mdn, ihoi gian ddi thieu hpi Den nam 2020 , ehung ta ph4n d i u Cff ban thanh nude

cong nghifp Nhirng m$t nude cdng nghiep khdng phai chi

la thu nfaap dau Dgirdi (may nghin USD / nam) ma nhu- mpi

64 _

ehuyen xa hoi, kinh te, van hoa, ki thuat, moi trirfrng ddi

hoi con ngudi trong xa hoi phai thich ung de ton tgi.Vi du,

qua trinh cong nghiep hoa do thi h o i dan din sy thay doi

v^ h9 tang -moi trirdfng, giao thdng 6hng thdi thay doi ve

q u l n li xa h $ i , van Iioa, quan h^ ung xir

Do sy biin ddi va phit trien cua kinh te, khoa hgc ki thuat

dien ra hit sflc mau le, thuc tiln chinh tri xa hdi eiing ddi Ihay

hit sue Idn lao va khic nghi|l, tfl dd cic quan niem hay >• thuc

ung xu, thai dg, dao due, my elm, ) bj thay ddi va bien dgng

theo chiiu hudng thuc dung; cic gia tri Chin, Thiln, MT nhiiu

khi bi dao Ign so vdi cdc gil trj truyen thdng Ndi nhu vay d l

khdng ngflng iy, Nhung ai cung biet f thirc van h o i xa hoi

ciia con ngu-di l^i cd strc y va sy bao thti rat Id^n khdng phai

mpt vai chuc nam m l da thay doi duac ntiung quan niem

ve gia tri truyen tiiong; noi mot each khac la viec nang cao

trlnh do dan trf d i thich l^ng vdi nen kinh t i th| trudng, vdi

thdi d^i cdng nghiep niivng 1^1 van muon giir dtnyc d c ban

sic van hoa tot d^p cua d i n t^c la mpt kho khan r^t Ion

Nhung tieu cue trong xa hdi hiln nay cd the ke ra rat nhilu a

mgi goc dp: vi dy nan tham nhung tran lan, cd the mua bing ban

diim dl cung cd dja vi, "vin hoi phong bi" dien ra d mpi ncfi,

lan tpn Vi qud coi trgng bdng cap nen xa hpi cbay iheo thi cu

, chuc danh thac si, tiin sT; cic quan chflx thi tim bang d p de

cung cd chile ghi quyen luc, cic co quan nha nudc tuyen dyng

v l d l bat cdn bd thi chua thuc sy coi trgng thuc tii, thuc hpc

NhiJng tieu eye ay tdc dpng vao thanh thilu nien nhu the nao?

Chic moi ngudi deu cd thi thiy rd,

Sy xudng cap dao due hi^n nay cua mgt bg phan gidi tre that

ddng lo ngai' eac te nan xa hgi, chu nghia thuc dyng, mat trdi

cua CO chi thi trudng cua ddng tien, chfl nghia hiln sinh, hudng

lac, vj ki, bao lyc hoc dudng, tpi pham tudi vi thanh nien

chua-dugc day liii , cdi xau, cdi dc dupc phai bay hang ngay khien

x l hpi va cae b^c cha m? r^t lo ling Nguyin nhan do dau vl

trach nhiem thudc ve ai ? Dd la nhung clu hdi Idn v l clu tra

ldi can dugc toin xa hpi dac bilt l i cic nganh cdc gidi liln

quan giai dap,

Nhung tilu eye ay chac fihan khdng the xiy ra tran lan d

nhOng noi cd trinh dp din tri cao Nhu vay de thiy vile nang

cao Irinh dp dan tri quan trgng va thiet yeu l i nhudng nao va chi

cd the giai quyet bang vile Hpc sudt ddi v l xay dyng XHHT,

Q Viet Nam, tim mdt con duoTig khi thi v l cd hi?u qua d i

xay dyng mpt x l hgi hpc tip dip ung nhu clu v i khat vpng hoc

tip cua hang chye Irieu ngudi nham ning cao trinh dp dan tri,

chat luong ngudn nhan l\rc thuc su cho thdi ky cong nghiep

hoa - hiln dai hoa va hdi nh^p la mdt dieu khd khan nhung qua

that la rat cap thilt

V AI CO TRACH NHI§M XAY DUNG XA H 6 | HOC T A P

VA N A N G CAO DAN TRI 6 VIET NAM?

Viec xiy dyng xS hpi hgc tap nSng cao din tri d Vi|t Nam

dugc quan ni|m chu yeu la trach nhi|m cua mang ludi

GDTX-gdm hang nghin cae trung tam giao dye thudng xuyln

(TTG-DTX) a cae tinh, quln huy|n, tren 1 van cic trung tam hoc tap

cdng ddng (TTHTCD) d cdc phuong xa

C O CAI CHI NGAN SACH NHA NUffC CHO GIAO D l ' C \ A DAO T A O

T

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

S

Clip hoc, hac hoc hinh thtic giao due

Oiao due niAm non

Giao due liciu hoc

C.iiio due THCS

Giaii due T H [ 1 '

Ciiao dijc nghe nghiep (day nghe va THCN 1

Giao due dai hoc

Giao due thuimg xuven

Cae loai hinh d^o tao, b6i duong ichac

Ty le chi trong ngan saeh nha nuoc cho giao due (%) 6.8

32.5

20.1

10

9.4

10.2

2.1

S.g

Nf^ii/'it! lio Jill Cltii'h

Gilo dye thudng xuyln d Vi|t Nam dupe dau tU rat it - chi cd 2,1% ngan sach Giao dye- chii yeu cho vi|e xoa mil chii 6 mgt sd viu^ kho

khan (theo kilu d p kinh phi - xin xem Bang ca d u chi ngln sddi

Uien), Cdn hang nghin cie Trui^ tam giio dye thudng xuyln d p tbh, d p huy|n thi ho?it dgng theo cdeh tU thu ty ehi, gan mdt v^n eac

sd hg tai^ ciia d e Trung tl, giio dye thUdi^ xuyen ndi ehung rat yeu kem, khdng cd trang thiet bi, hgc li|u gi ddng kl

Dudi mat ciia mgi i ^ d i gido dye thifdng xuyln ludn bj col thydng

va bi Iha ndi Tmi^ khi xa hpi, d c cd quan tuyen dyng de bat can bo

Igi rat suih bang e % chUa coi trgi^ thi^ hgc thyc lam, chUa eoi trgng

eiia thi ki tnlde, vile hpc tai chiic la mdt nhu elu thUc sy, lue ay viec quan li hinh thiSc hgc tai ehiie nghiem tiie, khdng ed ngn mua bing bdn dilm nln chil lupng h | dio tgo lai ehtfc liic do la ding lin e|y Nhung nhilng nam gan diy, nhieu trudng Dai bgc md hi t^l chiic,

h | til xa qui md tdi hang vgn hgc vien nhung eung khdng cd hpc li|u rilng cho b | dio tgo niy, each dao tgo chii ylu van la mdi nam t|p

lay bang Dao tao theo kieu niy lim sao m l quln ly dUdc chit tUpn^

TOMTAT

Dudi mat cda mgi ngiidi g.do due thUdng xuyin (GDTX) ludn bi coi thudng vd bi thd ndi Trong khi xdhoi,cdccd quan tuyin dung di bid cdn bd Im rdt sinh bdng cdp sinh ngoai chUa eoi tigng tixUc hgc rfii/c ldm, chUa eoi tivng fcy nang vd kiin thdc tkifc sU Tnidc ddy- vdo nhdng thap nien 60-80 cua theki trUdc, viec hgc tai chdc Id mdt nhu cdu thdc sU, lue dy vik qudn li hdnh thUe hgc tai chUc n^idm tyc khung

Cli ngn mua bang bdn diem nin chdt lUdng hi ddo too tgi chdc luc do

Id ddng tin cdy

SUMMARY

Continuing education cdways was despised and was floated by people

\n sodety Meanwhile the recruitment agendes or promoting staff appiedatedegree.ilonotcomderseriouslythereahliilhaiidhidwliulge Previously - in the 60-SQ decade of the last century m-icrvice edmatioti

is a real need, at that time, the munagemml of this form was serious,

do not have phenomenon buy certificate and sdl point so the quality n)