Nfm 2002, Hfii nghi Thupng dinh till gidi vl phat triln bin vimg ijin gpi If Hfii nghi Rio + 10 hay Hfi nghi Thupng dinh Johannesburg nhdm hpp tai Johannesburg, Nam Phivdisuthamgiaeia
Trang 1YEU cAu CUA PHAT TRIEN B^N VONG
6 CAC TINH MIEN TRUNG
PGS, TS NGUYJN VAN NAM*
1 Phdt triln bin vOng^ If mfit khii nifim mdi nhfm
dinh nghla mfit svphit biln vl mpi mft bung hifin tai
mf vin phii bio dim svblp tue phit biln trong tuong
lai Khii nifim nfy dang If mpc tifiu hudng tdi cia nhilu
qufic gia bfin thigidi, mii quIc gia sfi dpa tiieo dfc tiiii
kinh tl, xfi hfii, chinh tri, dia ly, vin hda rifing dl
hoach dinh dii& lupc phil hpp nhfWdi qufic gia dd Nhu
vfy, phkt biln bin viing li mfit khii nifm rfing Idn,
nhiingylu tl(nfii dung) cfu thfnh cia nd cd nhilu vf cd
mil hfin hfi vdi nhau, ding thbi ciing cd nhiing y n^ila vf
gia tri khac nhau
Nfm 2002, Hfii nghi Thupng dinh till gidi vl phat
triln bin vimg (ijin gpi If Hfii nghi Rio + 10 hay Hfi
nghi Thupng dinh Johannesburg) nhdm hpp tai
Johannesburg, Nam Phivdisuthamgiaeiacac nhi
Ifinh dao cung nhucac chuyfin gia vl kinh tl, xfi hfii vf
mfii bubng cia gin 20O quIc gia dfi ting kfi't lai kl
hoach hfnh dfing vf phit triln bin vimg 10 nfm qua vf
dua ra cac quyfi't sach Ufin quan tdi eie vfin dl nudc,
ning lupng, sue khoe, nfing nghifip vf svda dang smh
thai Nhung muc tifiu nfy bao gim: xda ddi giam nghfo,
phat triln nhung sin ph&n tai sinh hofc thfn thifin vdi
mfii bubng nhfm tiiay till eac sin phfm giy 6 nhilm,
bao vfi vf quin ly cac nguIn tfi nguyfin Uiifin nhifin Hfii
nghi eiing dl cip tdi chi dl toan (^u hda gfn vdi cac vin
dl Ufin quan tdi siic khoe vi phat biln
* Hi?c vidn Chfnh Iri - Hdnh chfnh khu vi/c HI
Mvc tifiu cd thl tiiy thufic vfo tung hofn canh khfe nhau, nhung mpi svphft triln diu xoay quanh bajllf
t l chfnh, dd If: mdi tnnhig bin vi2ng, finA tifln oA^ xif Afi fln Cling
- Khfa canh mfii trubng'trong phat triln bin vibg dbi hoi chiing ta duy tri su ein hing gifia bio vfi mH trubng tv nhifin vdi khai thac nguIn tfi nguyfin thifin nhifin phuc vu Ipi fch eon ngubi nhim muc dfch dc; tri miic dfi khai thac nhfing ngufi'n tii nguyfinini(t gidi h^n cho phdp mfii trubng bep tue hi ti^dilu
I.Thl4lngi)-ph<tttll<nMnviIng-xujlhi«nlilllllulj nam I aeo troiig <n phfm "Chljn lUTc bio Idn M gior (<^
bd cOa H l ^ h^l Bio Idn IH«n nh«n vjliai nguySn mian |4J qu&: Itf - IDCN) vdl n^i dung relt dem gian: "Sv phil tridna nhanlo^ hhOng i M chl diO trpng lOi pUI trl^ Idnh t i mail phii ton trpng nhOng nhu ciu tdt y ^ cua xfi hfii v& si/lT dtf n mOi tnrOng sinh thii hpc' Khii n i ^ niy du<^ pi r^ng rfii vio nim 1987 nhd Bio cio Brundtland (cdii^ Bio cio Our Common Future) o k Cly ban Mdi InlOngvr tridn Thtf gidl - WCED Bio cio niy gM 16 phil Mdn bill
m i khdng inh huong tdn h9i dtfn nhdng idii ning d" nhu ciu cua cic thtf htf tuorig lai" Ndi cich idlic ph bdn vdng phat bao dam cd si/ phit tridn kinh Itf hifiu qu£ diiu niy, ttft ca cic thinii phin kinh ttf - x i hpi n h i i quyin cic td chdc xa hpi phij bit tay nhau thVC hifin ni' muc dich dung hda 3 Ilnh vyc: kinli ttf - x i hpi • mdi t n n
2 6 mdc dp phit tridn cua thtf gidi nhu hidn nay thl y t f u ^ tiudng ii mpt Ihich Ihdc idn niitft cho sinh tdn cua n h ^ Bdi vl, nhdng bitfn ddi cua tv nhiSn se tn5 thinh thimh ngay td biy gid chijng ta khdng cd ^ Ihdc v i Itfn ktf hi dpng cp thd dtf bao v i mdi trudng
Trang 2kifin sfi'ng cho con ngubi vk ckc sinh v^t sfi'ng trfin
trai dk't
• Khia canh xk h$i eua phfit trifi'n bfi'n vfing e£n
duoc ehu tr^ng vko phkt tri^n sy; cfing bling vk xk hfii
lufin t^o difi'u kifin thu^n lgi cho linh v^c phkt trifi'n
con ngubi vk cfi' ging cho tk't ek mpi ngubi co hfii phkt
tri^n tifi'm nkng bkn thkn vk difi'u kifin sd'ng chd'p
nhkndu?e
• Yfiu tfi'kmh Uf dfing vai trb khfing th^ thifi'u trong
sij^phat tri^n bin vfing, nd dbi h&i si^ phat tri^n ciia hfi
th^ng kinh tfi', trong do co hQi d^ tifi'p xuc vdi nhfing
Qgu6n tki ngiqrfin dujic t^o dilu kifin thufin lgi vk quyln
s5:dung nhung ngudn tki nguyfin thifin nhifin cho ckc
hoat dfing kinh tfi' dugc chia si mfit each blnh ding
Khing dinh si^tSn tai cfing nhu phkt triln cua bk't
cii n^nh kinh doanh, skn xuk't nko cfing dui;rc dua
trfin nhfing nguyfin tkc d^o ty co bkn Yfi'u tfi' dupc chu
trong & dky Ik tao ra sif thinh vuong ehung cho tk't ck
moi ngiibi, khfing ehi tkp trung mang lai loi nhukn cho
mfit sfi'it, trong mfit gidi han cho ph^p cua hfi sinh
thai cung nhu khfing xkm pham nhung quyln eo bkn
ciia con ngubi
Trfin tinh thin ky, o Vifit Nam noi chung vk mien
Trung noi rieng thi phat triln ben vung, hilu theo
each chung ta dang huong tdi, do Ik sir ckn bkng gifia
h&viniktdngtrudng, bdov$mdi trudng, bdoddman
sUihxdhdi
2 Kha vuc miln Trung^ gfi'm 14 tinh, thknh: Thanh
Hoa,Ngh6An,Ha'Rnh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua
Thifin - Hul, Da Nkng, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh
Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hba, Ninh Thukn vk Binh
lluiln Dky Ik nhung vimg chua dung nhieu tilm nang,
thlm^nh vl ngu^n tki nguyfin thifin nhifin phong phu
ci!mg vdi nguon luc van hda, xk hoi vk con ngubi Qua
tiinfa phat triln kinh tfi'-za hfii trong giai doan 2001
- 2010 cua tung dia phuong ndi rifing va cua ca toan
vbng ndi chung da va dang duoc d^y manh voi nhip dfl
1 ^ truong kha cao, ddng thbi dang dung truoc nhfing
V& dln^i com trong phat triln ben vung
• Giai doan 2001 - 2010, cac tinh trong viing dat toe
dd tkng truong kmh tfi* kha cao, binh qukn khoang
10%/nkm; trong dd, nam 2007 tang eao nha't la
11,55%; toe d6 tkng binh quan giai doan 2001 • 2009
datlt0,61%/nam, trong khi do, ek nudc chi dat 7,31%/
nkm Hiu hfit cac tinh trong viing deu cd miic tang
tni6ngkinh tfi'hang nam khoang 10% Trong do, tinh
Thira Thifin Hufi'trong 2 nkm (2006,2007), t
Dk Ning nkm 2005, tinh Qukng Nam nkm 20li!
tru&ng hon 13%/nkm; d^c bifit, tinh Qukng N ^ ] t
2009 tkng trufing tdi hon 20% _ ^ ^ ^ -VJgAinAf^: akn xukt nfing nghifip cdsychu^njcT
vk phkt triln khk mgnh, theo hudng hinh tlitohkc virng nguyfin hfiu skn xukt tkp trung o6 quy mfi lfin nhu I9C, dku tuong, ck phfi, cao su, mfa dubng cd thl coi huy bmiln Trung Vdi chilu dki bb biln khokng 1.867
km, nhfing nkm gin dfiy, nufii trlng thuy, hki skn tifip
tyc dupc mb rfing vk da dang hfia hhih thiic nufii trlng Phkt triln nufii tdm trfin ckt Ik hudng di mdi, khai thac dugc nguIn tki nguyfin to Idn Iku nay dk bo hoang, tao
ra mfit khfi'i lugng skn p h ^ nufii trdng th{iy skn mk ch& ylii Ik nguyfin hfiu dio xufiit kh£u
Ckc ngknh cfing nghifip vk x&y dung dugc eke dia phuong chii y phat trifin trong chifi'n luoc dify manh cfing nghifip hoa, hifin d^i hoa Tfl'c dfi tkng trubng khu vyc cfing nghifip - xky dyng giai do^n 2001 - 2009 dat binh qukn 16,14%/nkm, cao hon nhieu so vdi binh qukn chung ciia tokn qufl'c (9,25%) NhifiV khu kmh tl, khu cfing nghifip, cym cfing nghifip nh6, Ikng n ^ hinh thknh vk phat triln diu khkp cac tinL Nii bkt trong vung hifin co cac khu kinh te'Nghi Son (Thanh Hoa), Vung Ang, Clu Treo (Hk Tinh), Chu Lai (Qukng Nam), Dung Qufi't (Quang Ngki), Nhon Hfii (Bbh Dinh), Vkn Phong (Khanh Hba) dang thu hut nhilu nhk diu tu trong vk ngoki nude, tao nhieu viec Ikm vk skn ph&o cong nghifip co gia tri Cac dia phuong trong vung da
vk dang quan tam m$nh me tdi phat triln cac lang nghi b nfing thfln, gdp phin dang k l trong giai quye't vific lam vk thay dii bfi mat nong thfin
- V^ vdn hda, xd hdi, ddn sd: dkn so' mifi'n Trung
tuong dfi'i dfing so vdi eac vung khac trong ca nudc De'n nkm 2009, dkn so' tokn vung co' khoang 18.835.200 ngubi, chifi'm khoang 21,9% dkn sfi' ca nudc vk diing vi tri thii 2, sau viing dfi'ng bang sflng
3 lOiu v i ^ mifin Tmng theo quan niSm ddy dO gdm c6 3 vCing:
B5C Tmng B<l; duySn hSi Nam Tmng B6 v& TSy Nguyfin, vdi
difln tich ty nhlSn IS 150.600 l^m^ Bfic Tmng B6 gdm 6 t?nh: Tiianh H6a, NghS An, Hd TTnh, Quang Binh, Quang Trj, ThOfa ThiSn HuS, diftn tfch tU nhiSn 51.500 km* DuySn hai Nam Tmng B6 gdm 8 t?nh, thdnh phtf: thdnh phfiDd Ning, Quang Nam, Quang Ngdi, Binh Djnh, Phii Y6n, Khdnh H6a,
Ninh Thudn Blnh Thufln, diSn tfch iLf nhidn 44.400 \im^ Tdy
Nguydn gdm 5 tfnh: Kon Tum, Gia 1 ^ , DSk Ldl< Bdk Ndng, Lflm Ddng, didn tfch tif nhidn Id 54.700 km*
Trang 3Vi win hia: giai doan 2001 - 2010, mifa Trung di
oS mW b? mjt vSn hda - la hji khi fe dinh vk danj
Mn dil phit tri^n theo hudng bfeviiiig Cic Umg ngh^ truyin thCng dupc gin giS'vii ngky ckng dupc cdc ci'p, cic ngknh quan tkm Bii vi, dky IdiDng nhiing cbi li
vkn ii muu ginh cua ngubi dkn mk Ikng nghi ija
mang ^ nghla gii tr| vkn hda viing, miln Vkn hda dkn gian cfing dk dupc bio tin vk phit huy nhfing gii trj tdt dpp mk bky Iku nay ngubi nm dk gky dung vk gin gifi Dke bi^t, vin hda du Ijch trln virng d 6 nky di vii dang dupc pliit triln m^t cich nhanh didn^ khoi sic Dky Ik m|t tin hi|u ding mimg dti vdi miln Trungili rilng vk vdi Vi|t Nam ndi diung
Nkm 2009, ti l | ngubi bilt chit trong tfeg din si
tir 15 tuji trfr Ikn ciia tokn viing d«t tdi 93,9% 6 ^ d«t 96,3% vk nfi dat 91,7%), trong dd, t^ 1$ n i ^ thknh thi d«t9e,35%i«frn6ngthtnd^t 93,1%.lYMIp giai do«n 2001 • 2010, cic tbh, thknh trong vimg tilp tuc duy tii vk dft (^1$ 100% vl ckng tie xda i i # chfivk dft chuih quIc gia p h l ( c $ p ( ^ d f e t i ^ ' ^ phj cip giio due ti^u hpc ding d} tolfi, phftd^ hpc CO sfr diing d(tu^i, 90,82% dft diu&iphlfckpE trung hpc Bkn cfnh dd, ng^nh giio due Wl dko tl cic dia phuong tilp tuc phit tiiln cic ldp b^ t d c ' ^ hda, huy ddng del tupng phj ckp giio due chuaW nghidp cac bkc hpc ra Idp, tfo CO hfi cho mpi tiing j% nhkn dkn dupc hpc tkp nkng cao trinh d( vkn hda, gip phkn nkng cao chk't lupng phif ckp giio due; td' chuc dfy vin hda kit hop vdi dfy n ^ l , thfC hi|n phkn luing hpc Binh sau trung hpc eo so; bdi dubng, phu dp cho d6i tupng hpc sinh ylu, kim
- VI U a i tkilc, siiii/ng Hi nguyin vibiov(m^ trudng: miic df tip trung khai thic tiii nguyin d i b n
manh mg nhk't tk vifc dua vko canh tic cic di|nb'di bki ngang, dk't zku ven biln, vifc khai kh£i dk't, ^ f l
triln nufi trlng thuy san trfn cat, tfi cic viing m
ngkp vtlng cua sing, v.v da Uun gia tkng ding kl quy dk't skn xuk't nfng nghifp, tf o vifc lkm cho hang ngkn hf nfng dkn, mo rf ng sinh k l cua ngubi dSn Theo sfi' lif u thf'ng ke cho thk'y, nam 2000 dk't san xuk't nfing nghifp tokn viing Ik 1.632.400 ha (bing 16% cua ck nudc), dk't skn xuk't lkm nghifp la 3.925.000 ha (bkng 34% cua tokn quf'c), dk't chuyin diing Ik 244.800 ha (bing 16% cua ck nudc), dk't Ha 94.500 ha (bkng 21% cua tokn qufi'c) Nam 2 0 0 9 , ^
Hlng Tic df tkng dkn af'blnh qukn hkng nkm (giai
dofn 1999 - 2009) tokn vkng dft 0,4 %, thk'p hon
miic tkng binh qukn ehung cia ci nudc (1,2%); gifia
thknh thj vk nfing thfin cd >v chfinh If ch vl mifc tkng
dkn sfi' ding kl, giai dof n 2000 - 2009, din sf thknh
thj ting blnh quin S,l%/nkm, trong khi dkn all nfing
thfin giim 0,28%/nkm
VI lao iing, vl(e Idm: theo kit qui Ting dilu tra
dkn Bfi'vk nhk fr (tfi thu diim 01 - 4 - 2009) cua T(!ng
cue Thfi'ng k(, dkn s i trong df tu£ lao dfng ciia tokn
viing Trung Bf nkm 1999 Ik 9.744.994 ngubi, chii'm
ti If 53,88% ting dkn ll; nim 2009 ed 12.067.374
ngubi, chifi'm t} If 64,07% tjng din si Dilu nky cho
thiy, tilm nkng lao dfng cia viing dii dko, khi nkng
thilu lao dfng vl mft s i lupng khfing ding lo ngfi,
thfm cU cbn gky khd khkn trong vifc bl tri, skp xlp
vifc lkm diy di cho ngubi lao dfng, dke bift cho sf
ngubi mdigianhkpluclupnglaodfnghkng nkm
Lao dfng cd vifc lkm c&a tokn viing nkm 2009
khoing 10.376.600 ngubi (nfing - lim • thiiy skn chilm
58,5%; cfing nghifp - xky dung chilm 17,5%; djch vu
chilm 24,0%) Blnh qukn ci giai doan 2000 - 2009,
lao dfng cd vifc lkm tokn viing tkng 2,1%/nkm Ty If
thk't nghifp thknh thj cua viing cd xu hudng giam,
nhung khfing ding kl(tir5,86%nkm2000 xufi'ng cbn
5,53% nkm 2004 vk 5,5% vko nkm 2009), miic giim
nky chkm hon ci nudc Tinh din nkm 2009, ty If thk't
nghifp thknh thi cia viing cao hon miic trung blnh
chung ca nudc (ci nudc 4,6%) Nguyfn nhkn Ik do lao
dfng cua vkng dfi dko, nhung trtnh df lao dfng cbn
M p , chua dip ung yfu cku sii:dfng hifn nay, dfc bift
Ik cac khu kinh tl, khu cfing nghifp
Cing tdc xda dil gidm nghio (XDGN) dk dupc cac
dia phuong trong viing quan tkm dl[y mfnh dio ci
khu vuc thknh thj vk nfing thfin, do dd dk thu dupc kit
qua cao trong suit giai dofn viia qua Theo tif u diuAi
ngheo ap dung cho giai dofn 2006 - 2010 (hf nghbo cd
thu nhkp binh qukn diu ngubi frnfing thfin Ik 200.000
ding/thing vk fr thknh thj Ik 260.000 dfing'thing), ty
If hf nghbo tokn viing nkm 2006 la 22,2%, df'n nkm
2008 gikm xufi'ng cbn 19,2% Theo kit quk Tfeg dilu
tra ha ngheo va cfn ngheo nkm 2010, theo chu&i nghbo
mdi (hf nghbo CO thu nhip blnh qukn diu ngubi fr nfing
thfin Ik 400.000 dlng/thang vk fr thknh thj Ik 500.000
dfing/thang), ty If hf nghbo tokn viing nkm 2010 Ik
Trang 418% cua d nxxdc), dg't iin xud't lkm nghilp \k
5.163.300 ha (bkng 85% cua tokn qufCc), dgt chuyin
dung Ik 248.800 ha ( b b g 15% cua di nudc), dd't h \h
174.200 ha (bfing 27% cua t o ^ quflc) X^t vl co cfi'u
su-dung dfi[t nfim 2009 cua tofin vimg thi dfi't s&n xufi't
nOng nghidp chigm 18,29%; dfi't sfin xufi't Ifim nghi$p
chie'm 52,91%; dfi't chuy&n diing chii'm 6,63%; dfi't b
cbi chiem cd 1,89% vfi d^t chua sirdi^ig vfin cbn chii'm
toi 20,28% Trong giai do^n 10 nfim vita qua, h^u hi't
cac dia phuong trong viing diu tfing di|n tfch dfi't sir
dijng cho sin xufi't nflng nghidp vfi l&m nghi$p (trit
thfinh phfl'Dfi Nfing cd dfiit sfin xuiit nflng nghidp gifim),
m$c du phfii chuydn mOt sfl' di$n tich cho sfin xufi't
cflng n ^ l p vfi dfl thi hda Dfic bi$t, mOt sfldia phuong
(Ngh$ An, Hfi Tinih, Qufing Tri, Thiffl Thiln - Hul',
Qufing Ngfii, Blnh Dinh vfi Phii Yin) cd di|n tfch dfi't
chuyin dbng gifim
- W mdi (nidTig: cd nhilu noi dang trong tinh trang
5 nhilm va cd bi^u hi|n khbng duoc tfl't Mfli tnrong
khflng khi b hin hi't cac dfl thi vfi khu cflng nghilp
miln Trung diu bi 8 nhilm nfing ve bui Nong d$ b^i
trongkhflngkhi vuot qua tri sff tilu chuim cho phep tu
1,3 - 3,01^ Ning dfl khi SOg trong khu vuc xung
quanh mflt sfl'nha may, xi nghidp vuot qua tri sfl' tilu
chu& cho phep tir 1,1 - 2,7 \in
Mdi trudng nudc: kl't qufi khao sat b mgt sfl' song
cbinh diu cho thay chfi't luong nuoc sflng cua mien
Trung tuong dfl'i o'n dinh, cac ch: tieu deu nam trong
gidi ban cho phep, dap iing ylu c^u xu Iy, cung cap
nuoc cho smh boat Tuy nhien, t ^ ti^nh phS^ Da Nang
chfi't luong nudc doan ha luu sflng Han bi o nhilm do
sinh hoat vfi cflng i ^ $ p NguIn nudc sinh hoat b khu
vipmflng thfln, chu yl'u la gieng khoi, gilng dfi't va ao
hi, sflng sufli "Hnh trang khan hilm nudc o mot sfldia
phuong vao mua kho va qua trinh xfim nhfip man b
vung ven bien la rfi't Idn
Mdi trudng ddt: mien Trung trong phat trien dang co
nhung biln dong dang ke Hang nam, hang tram ha dat
bi bfl'i l^p, bi nudc m ^ xfim nhap lam giam dat canh
tac Hien tu^ng xdi mbn, rua trfli, cat bay, khfl han, da't
bi^ifailm man, nhiem dflc, thoai hda do nan chat pha
run{^ du canh du cu, san xuat thil'u dSu tirkhoa hpc - ky
tbi||t^ qua trinh canh tac cbn chua hop ly, dac bi^t la
trln dit dfl'c Vile su dung phfin bdn hoa hgc, thuoc trur
sfiu chua h^p ly va ngfiy cang tang da gdp phin anh
ding Lupng tin du cfic hda chfi't nfiy trong mfli t n ^ g dfi't, nudc dfi gfiy 6 nhilm cue b$, Ifim gifim da d^ng smh hpc vfi xufit hi^n m^t s^Iofii khfing tiiulc,
Mdi trudng biin vd ven bb: chfi't thfii tt^ c^c bo^t
dOng phfit tri^n du lich, nufli trlng thuy sfin, sin xufi't cflng nghi$p, sinh ho^t cua dfin cu: viing cua sflng ven bil'n, cilng vdi qufi trinh khai thfic thil'u kil*m sofit nguIn tfii nguyin bi^n b^ng cac phuong phfip phfin mfli trubng nhuchfi't n^, di^n, ludi qu^t
dfi finh hubng nghilm trpng dl'n hf sinh thfii vfi mfli
trubng bi^n Ngofii ra, nguIn chfi't thfii tb: cfic tfiu df^ xuing biln, nhfi't lfi & cac bl'n cfing, viing vinh dfi Ifim nhilu noi bi 6 nhilm nfing Ket qufi dilu tra cho
thfi'y, b hiu hi't cfic khu vi^ biln cd cfing ca boat
d^ng, hfim l u ^ g chfi't dinh du&ng, hun co vfi tf^ng coliform tuong dfl'i cao, nhilu khi dfi vupt gidi han cho phep dfl'i vdi nudc ven bb dung cho nufli trlng thuy sfin
Ilnh hinh phat trien kinh te - xa h$i omiln Trung trong giai doan viia qua d$t ra mflt sfl' vfi'n dl dang quan tfim giai quylt trong giai doan tdi:
- Quy mfl nln kinh tff ran nho hep, xufit phat diem nln kinh tl'cbn thfi'p, trinh dfl cbn nghfeo nan, l^c hau
so vdi cac vung trong ca nudc, dong thbi, co s^ cham ch^p, it hi^u qua trong chuyen dich co cau kinh te
- Chfi't luong tfing truong kinh tl', nang luc canh tranh cua nen kinh te cbn yl'u kem
- Thil'u SII hpp tac, Uin kl't giua cac dia phuong trong vung nhfim phat huy thl' manh cua timg dia phuong vfi t^o su phat trien tfl'ng the theo dinh huong quy hoach chung cua viing trong thbi gian qua khong th^c hiln dupc
- S\f phfin tan, chia cfit trong qui hoach, t^ chiic
khflng gian do thi vfi rfi't ndng bong vl qui hoach, quan
ly, sudung dfit nflng i^hilp
- Nguon luc cho phat triln kinh tl'- xa hfli cbn han chl', thfi'p kem
- Tinh trang thfi't nghilp b thanh thi, un dpng lao
dOng 0 nflng thon ngfiy cfing gia tang, sir chinh Ilch gifiu nghbo ngfiy cang gian ra, an sinh xa hoi chua dam bao, cflng tac xda ddi giam ngheo thil'u bin vung, van hda truyin thfl'ng ti'ch cue cd nguy cobi mai mflt, lui tan, van hda thieu lanh manh du nhfip vfio
ca xa hoi nong thfln va thanh thi, nhfi't la tfi'ng ldp thanh, thil'u niln nflng thon, tro thfinh nhung vfi'n
Trang 5dfng, trong dd, doanh nghifp cd dudi 10 lao dfng, v6i
dudi 101^ ding chifm 60% Sii doanh n ^ f p ed efing
nghf, miy mdc hifn dfi chifm 30%, cbn lfi Ik cfing nghf ck, diip vi vk Ifc hfu
Theo cic chuytn gif kinh ti, d^ nin kinh tiphit tri^n bin vitng thl vifc phit trijn doanh nghifp, dofnh nhkn, cii thif n mfii trubng diu tirvk thuc diy hof t dfng thuong mf i Ik ba hifn phip ci'p bieh cin Ikm ngay
.Cdngvdlvllethvchlincdcchtnhsdchehungcia Nhd nude, phdi huy ding cdc nguin hfcciaxdhil nhimthi/ehlincdcviniixihiUthi/chltntltchlnh sdchxdhilgdpphinvdott/phdttrllnblnvllng.Bi]k
vifc ning eao thu nhfp vk chit lupng cufc sfi'ng cho ngubi dkn, tfo CO hfi Unh ding tifip cfn cic nguii Ipc phit tri^n vk hufrng thf eie dich Vf 00 bin, cic phuc lpi xi hfi Thuc hifn chinh sach giim nghbo phu hpp vditiingthbikjr(diiu ehinh mic df)
•Cingodtvinilklnhtl-xihilldvinilnm trudng, ndnf coo y thtic bdo vl mii trudng, gin muc tiiu,nhitmvubdovlmlltnidngvdiphdttnlnkinhtl
• xd hit Dua nfi dung bio vf mfii trubng A f i ^ i n
lupc, quy hof ch, kf hof ch phit trifo ngknh, l&ilt^^n viing vk cic chuong trinh, d? in Quin ly, khai thic nl sii dung cd bif u qua tiii nguytn dit, nudc, khoing sin
vk cic tki nguyfn thifn nhifn khic Thuc hifnai^
xui't vk tif u diing bin viing; tnngbudc phit tri&il3i¥
lupng Sfch, sin xuk't sfch, titu dung sfch ^
D^ xky difng mft xk hfi phit tri^n bin vmg, Chupng trinh Mfii trubng dl ra 9 nguyfn tib: t f n t ^ l
vk quan tkm dt'n cufc sfing cfng ding; cai thif n ^ H lupng cufc sfing cua con ngubi; bao vf sue sdngvk't^
da dfng cua b i i dk't; quin ly nhdng nguIn tki nguiM khfing tii tf o dupc; tfin trpng kha nkng chju dungdnfi dia trii di't; thay dfii tkp tuc vk thdi quen ci nhin;i|
cho cic cfng ding tir quin ly mfii Ijubng dia ndnhjfEl?
ra mf t khufin mlu qufi'c gia thfi'ng nhk't, thukn i Q i ^ vifc bao vf; xky dung mft khfi'i hfn minh tokn d a f l
-Svsuygiimcicngulntkinguyfnthifnnhifinvk
suy thoii mfli trubng
Nhu vfy, sp- phit triln kinh tf' - xi hf i ciia timg
dia phuong ndi ritng, cia tokn miln Trung ndi ehung
trong giai dofn vira qua cd nhitng thknh t«u khi
quan trpng vk nhiing budc phit triln ding kl Song,
nd ckng niy sinh khi nhilu vkn di, thich thiic dtn
phii giii quyi't trong giai dof n tdi, giai dof n 2011
-2020, vt sv phit triln nhanh vk bin viing cia titng
dia phuong ndi rilng, cia miln Trung ndi chung Ding
thbi, cd thl dinh gii mft cich khii quit ring, sif
phit triln kinh tf • xk hfi ciia miln Trung trong thbi
gian vita qua vin cbn nhilu yt'u tfi^ chua bin vitng,
nlu khfing ndi Ik thifi'u bin viing Dilu dd dft ra yfu
ciu trong thbi gian tdi ck'n phii thay dii mft cich
cin bin trong tu duy cUnh sich, hof ch djnh giii
phip chifn lupc, quy hof ch, dilu hknh tic nghifp vk
tf 0 ra 8u dfing thukn trong xi hfi dl dim bio muc
titu phit triln bin vitng
Dl miln Trung phit triln bin vitng cin sir thay
dii dfing bf, sir tic dfng cua hf thing cUnh sich, vifc
thuc hifnciadoanh nghifp vk cua ngubi dkn d n chii
trpng cic vin dl sau:
- VI chinh sich: Chinh phii tfp trung vko vifc xky
dung diinh sich vi mfi, dilu tilt tokn bfi nln kinh tl, vdi
tit ti eac thknh phin kinh tf', thfing qua chinh sich
thufi Ti«n CO sfrhf thfing chinh sich vl kmh tiphii gdp
phan dinh binh cho dupc mfi Mnh phit tri&i kinh t l cua
di't nudc, timg vimg trong mft thbi gian dki (10 - 20
nkm) Trtn CO sfr chinh sich chung fr tim vl mfi, Chinh
phu ckn cd bif n phip dl phat huy thl mfnh cua timg
dja phuong, tkng cubng Hfin kfi't gida cic dia phuong
trong virng theo quy hofch, khic phpe tinh trfng diu tu
trung lip, thilu su lifin kit, mfnh ai nf^ lkm
' Tit chinh sdch niu trln cde doanh nghiip mudn
phdt triin bin vdng cin hilu dunning bfc cda nUnh,
trinh di sin xudt nhu thi ndo dl xdc dlnh phuang
hudng phit triin, hode phdt triin kinh tiddt tin hing
ddu vdi viic sd dung len thl lao ding ri, nguin nhdn
luc tai chi; hoic dd din miie di gidi hqn life litqng lao
ding, cinddlmdl cing nghi dlgldm ehi phi sin xuit,
tdngndngsuit
Cd mfit thuc tf' dang quan ngfi Ik doanh nghifp
Vift Nam sfi' lupng nhilu (miln Tmng cdng khfing
nkm ngoki tinh trang k'y) nhung chk't lupng thk'p, cd
98% doanh nghiep vim va nho, qui mfi dudi 200 lao
T4lll#ulhEinikhko: ' S
l.'tStiiB3r^5dPHiarq\Phdtnidnl36nvOngvdngTningBi glaldoanZOOl -2010 JM
2 f^ffnAib^MTng hllp://vj.wJkipedia.oig/lMla/ ^m i.^!iCdml,ijn\):PhittnSnt)invangCliiihdtsifllreifdltiM
b^.htlpy/www.thanhnien.com.vn/ ffiH
4 PMIIri^nfc^nvuhg htlpy/www.vi6t.rti.il/ H
5 Tdng eye Mfii Imdng (86 T&i nguyfin - MOi buemg): 7 7 ) ^ 2
Id SI/phdt tridn bdn vdng '^M