,/„,, chi viec bi hip din lien phuang dien linh yeu hay linh due hoac tiec yeu duang hay quan he linh due giua nhimg nguai ciing gioi tinh vfli nhau, irong hoin canh nao dfi hoac uong m
Trang 1DANG LAN RONG TRONG GIOH THE HIEN NAY
.Nguyin Thi Bich Hing '
TOM TAT
^ Cich day khoang 30-40 nam, dflng tinh luyin ii duang nhu con xa la vo, ngucn Viet nhat la o mien Bac Viet Nam Tit kh, di, nuac doi mai, dflng rinh luyin ii trong g,oi ,te da phat tnen vi lan tpng tra thanh mpt hien riipng xa hpi cin phai hip dong Bii bia neu tinh hinh Chung ve dflng tinh luyin ii tren hi gifli va c, Vie Nam, dfln thin giai thieu cac rghien eiiu dinh gia ciia eac nhi khoa hpc tren thi giai vi suy nghT cua tac gia vi vin di biic XIJC n i y
Tir khoa: ding tinh luyin ai, hien luong xa hoi giai Ire
ABSTRACT
Around30-40years ago homose.viiality teas apparenllv a ten- unusualphenonienan
m Vietnam especially in Ihe Norlh Viemam Bul since the coiinlivS innovation homosexuality among Ihe youth lias developed and became tvidespread social phenomenon -.-Inch should be alai-niing This paper presents a general situation o, homosexuality m the tvorldand m Vietnam and intiodiices research studies in Ihe tvorld
as well as offers Ihe author i ottn evaluanon legarding lliis conli-oversial ,ss„e
Key wards: Homosexuality, social phenameiion voulh
1, Mot s6 net vi ding Hnh luyen ai tren the giiti va 6- \ i e t Nam
Theo a i lieu Ijch su gh, nhin duac dflng ,inh luyin ii (DTLA) duoc thiy o chau Au
ht thoi Hy Lap co dai va a Tmng Quic lii thai Xuin Thu vao khoane 600 nam (TCN)
Ngay nay, DTLA duoc thay o hiu hil qufic gia Uen ihi gifi,, nhieu nhil li a cite quic gia
pha men chiu Au vi Bac My Da cfi nh.iu cach dinh nghia khic nhau vi DTLA song d.nh nghia sau day cua Hiep hpi Tam ly hpc Hoa Ky Amencan Psychological Asso'sialion
(APA) la cu the to ting ban ca Theo APA -Dong Hnh luyin tii hay * „ ,/„,, chi viec bi
hip din lien phuang dien linh yeu hay linh due hoac tiec yeu duang hay quan he linh due giua nhimg nguai ciing gioi tinh vfli nhau, irong hoin canh nao dfi hoac uong mfit thai gian nao do Dflng tinh luyen ii cung chi su m nhan cua ea nhin dua lien nhung hip din
dong gioi va su tham gia vao mpl cpng ding ciing giai linh" (I ]
' Th.S NCS Khoa Ly luan chinh ,n Truanc Dai hoc HT -Hnh p ^ , i u
Trang 2Trpng tieng Anh, homosexuality la ri, chi chung vi dflng tinh luyin ai, gay chi ngucri dong tinh nam, lesbian chi nguoi ding tinh nii, dpc ngin li les Giai n-c Viet Nam goi ding tinh nam li/iecfe hay 6(ing/p, dongco dflng tinh nfl lad mdi
Vcri trip luu phit nien cic xu hupng tmh due khac nhau, trong khoang vai thap ky qua, tten the gtai da hinh thanh mpt tfl chitc mang rinh quic ti cua nhitng ngutri cp xu huong tinh due khic bmh thucmg dupc gp, la LGBT Ti chuc LBGT liy npng cit la nhung ngucri ding
tinh luyen ai LGBT la cum hi viit tit hing Anh ctia cac hi sau: L la ctia Lesbian - dong tinh ntt; G li cua Gay - dflng tinh nam, B la cua Bisexual - nhttng ngucri lutag giiji, ii nam, ii nii; T
la cua Transsexual - nhiing ngucn chuyin dii gicM Tfl chuc quflc li LGBT cfl ttu sci tji Sant
Francisco, Hoa Ky Co hieu ciia LGBT cfl hinh spc biy sSc ciu vflng Ca hieu niy va biiu ttung LGBT da xuat hien p Viet Nam ttpng nhitng nam gin day
O cic nuflc phupng Tay ngay nay, thep cac khao sat so bp cho thiy, co toi 1% din 5% din sfl cic nuoc Bac My la ding linh, nhiiu nhil la My va Canada, co toi 2% din 10% din sfl da Hmg trai nghiem vii dang hinh vi linh due dflng gioi trong cupc dpi Niu phan chia theo gifii thi ty le nam dfing tinh cao hon khoing 2 lin so vol nir dfing linh Mpt nghien ciiu nam 2006 o Lie, cfi 20% si ngufli tri loi limg cft cim giic vi linh due ding
gifii, nhung chi cfi 2% tit nhin la dfing tinh 0 Canada, mpt cupc khao sit fl 121.300 nguiri
lien 18 lufii, cfi 1,43% s i din tu nhan minh la dflng tinh hoSc lutag tinh
Cfl i khao s i vi sfl luong ngu6-i DTLA o cic nuoc chiu A Tai Trang Quic, mp uflc inh cho bii cfl khoing 2,25 neu dflng linh nam, chiim khoing 0,17% dan si Tai Indonesia uoc tinh efi khpang 55.000 dflng tinh nam, chiim 0,025% dan sfl Cfl thi thiy si nguai dflng tinh fi chiu A thip hon rit nhiiu SP vai chau Au, chiu My Diiu nay dupc giii thich bpi yeu lfi gia dinh, van hpa xa hpi fi chau A il tao diiu kien cho viec hinh thanh thicn hutag tinh due DTLA o thanh thiiu nien [4]
0 mien Nam Viet Nam, vio thip nien 60 thai My Nguy, bit diu xuit hipn DTLA
Ti, sau nam 1975, nhat la tit khi dit nufic mo eua hpi nhip quflc ti diu thap ky 80 din nay,
DTLA phat men rat nhanh tren khip dia bin ci nufic Chua cfl cupc diiu tra chinh thiic vi
so nguo.i DTLA tai Viet Nam, cic uac tinh dua ra cic con sfl khac nhau vai do sai khae tit lta Theo UPC tinh cua bic si Trin Bflng Son, nha nghien cim vi gioi linh hoc nii tiing eua Viet Nam, sfl dflng linh nam uflc linh co khoang 70.000 nguai, chiim 0,09% dan sfl Theo CARE mat Ifl chuc phi chinh phii, efl khoing 50.000 din 125.000 ngucri dflng tinh, chiim khoing 0.06- 0,15% din sfl Nam 2012, tai hpi thao vi HIV/AIDS do Vien Nghien cim Xa hpi Kinh le vi Mfli ttutag (iSEE) va Chuang mnh Phfli hpp cua Lien Hiep Quflc 18 chiic, flng Le Quang Binh Vien ttutag iSEE dua ra con sfl ngutti dong tinh vao khoing 1,65 meu
Trang 3DTLA o Viet Nam hien nay phi biin ttong mpi thanh phin ciia gipi tte rii thanh thj
to, cic v-img nflng Uion xa xfli, rir cic khu cflng nghiep tfi," cic ttutae da, hoc thim chi ca trutag pho thtag Nhihtg con sfl dang lm, y, Trutag Da, hpc Su pham Thanh phfl H i CU Mmh nam 2007 da ,hue h,en tham dp ttpng 300 hoc smh cua ba mitag mtng hoc co
sa va mtng hpc phfl thong lai Thanh phi nay, eho thiy cfl 42% hoc smh cho rang I % hoc
smh ttong ttutag cua minh la ding tinh, 2% cho rang ri le niy la 5% 8- cho i n g ty- le
nay la 10% va 25% eho rang ty le cfln l m hon niia [2]
Hien mpng DTLA my chua phii li biic xiic Ita vi an nmh xa hfli song nfl da anh huang lon tai thuan phong my tuc, to, nhtog chuin muc ttong quan he xa hfii m,vin thing tot dep eua nuoc ta Nhiing dam cuoi tfl chitc cfing khai diy du Ihu mc li nghi giua hai nam thanh nien hoac hai ihanh nu fl Tiin Giang Bin Tre VTnh Long, ihanh "phi Hfl Chi
Mtnh ttong vai nam qua NTttag thanh thtiu nien bo nha di bui dai thanh cac nhfim ga,-nhompe di da, deo hu, chich thutag thiy ttong cac hem o thinh phi Hfi Chi Minh Hang
dem fl Ha Nfli thanh phi H i Chi Minh vi mpt sfl thanh phfl Ita khic t i n thiv eac tip thanh men dong tinh rii tap, gay i n io mit ttat m thim chi nao loan tton cic quin bar cae tu diem va dutag phfl Da cfl ril nhiiu cic tu in hinh su: giii ngufli.'cuflp cua dam chem, ghen mtag bat ngufln ri, cic mii quan he DTLA Mfl, ttong nhtoe haa, dong duoc
to chuc cong kha, eua nhung ngupi DTLA la cuflc ihi tim kiim nam trrang MansKle -008
cua ngua, dong tinh nam dien ra ^io lfli ngay 20 12 2008 lai thanh phi H i Chi Minh
Cupc d,e„ hinh lan diu lien cua nhtog ngufli DTLA a Viel Xam duac tfl chuc ao ngiv
6/8/2012 tai Ha Npi Hp diiu hanh bang ve dap xe miy quanh cic phfl m m lim t-a giutag CO CP mau sac cua ciu ving co hieu cua DTLA va LBGT Quflc li Vciv" hfl, diu
tten cua nhtog nguoi dflng linh ta ung hfl dflng linh co ten la -/ do - Toi ddng^' duoc to
chuc tai Cfing vien Thtag nhal Ha Nfii t i o ngay 27 10 2013 vol hpn 2000 thari, menchu yeu la ngucri dflng tinh tham gia Trong ngi hfli nay co loi 5 cap dfln tlnh nam nu tfl chuc dam CUOI cong khai Ngat- hoi duoc ifl chuc trong thai gian cua kv hop ihii 6 Quic
hp, khoa XIII nham dfii hoi lui, phap cho phep DTLA a hfin nhin dfin» rinh
Nhu viv hon 1.6 tneu ngufi, DTLA bang : o din so Viei N a ; (iheo con si cua .SEE) dang muon the hien cong khai la DTLA t a mufln up ,hanh ihuc the cua xa hfli
2 C a i raa hien tuong DTLA eiia cac nha khoa hoc
Tiidiu ,bi ky XX thi g,a, da nghien cuu ,e DTL ' duo anh sang cua cac linh uc khoa hpe khac nhau nhu Sm I,- hpc phan lim hoc ,l,in k.nh hoc xa ho hoc Cac n.h.cn cuu ,,p m,ng vao viec g,ai mi cic ngu.v.n nhin din den h.en mpng DTLA d l.m c^u ,ra
lo, cho cau ho, DTL co phai ,a benb I, ba> khflng di iim cach mig vu pi b.en lucm
na, Da CO nhieu nghien cuu v cic yin tfl hmh thanh „.„ ihi™ humg nnh due dfin imb"
Trang 4Yiu Id gene bdm sinh
Mpt SP tic gia cho ring nhtag nguori DTLA la bim sinh va do gene quyit djnh Tuy nhien, Peter Bearman va Hannah Brackner fl Dai hpc Columbia va Dai hpc Yale
(My), khi nghien ciiu dit lieu til Trung tam Y t i quic gia vj thanh nien cho biit, xac suit
c i 2 nguoi ttong mpt cap spng sinh (lufln luon ctog gene) diu la ding tinh chi la 6,7% vfi, nam va 5,3% vfli nu Nhu vay, yiu t i gene bim sinh khong phii la yiu t i quyit djnh hinh Utanh DTLA
Mdl Iruang sdng vd gido due
Moi ttutag song: Cic nghien ciiu cho Ujiy DTLA cfl mii lien quan rit chat che vcji sir
do thi hfia cua noi dii hipng la vj thinh nien 14, 15 ritfli cu ng,, Do la dp mii bit diu day thi
vi cfl su djnh hmh vi hip din gipri lmh Mitc dp dp thj hpa cang cap thi ty le ding tinh eing
CP xu hutag tSng Nguyen nhin dupe xic djnh la vi o cae thinh phfl lta it co rang bupe vi
du luan va cic chuin miic van hfia, khiin thanh nien va vj thanh nien <j do dl co thien huting dong rinh ban
Giao due gia dinh: Su thiiu cham sflc eua nguoi cha vi su thiiu gin bfl mat thiit ciia nguai cha vcri nguo-i me hoac cfl nguoi me Ihfi bao la nhan 18 chinh hinh thanh dflng tinh fl ngudl con trai Dfli vol nii, viec cfi me qua dcri o mfli vj thanh nien, la eon ut hay con gai duy nhat ttong gia dinh cung lam tSng khi nang ding tinh Nhtag ngufli cfl cha m?ly hfln hoac mit som se cfi xu hutag ding tinh cao hon nhtog nguoi co cha me hanh phiic Chan thuang tam ly: Viee bi chin thuong tim ly do bj lam dung tinh dye * hifli vi thinh nien cung la mpt yiu tfl rit di din din DTLA Mpt nghien cim dSng trong Tap chi Hiep hpi Y khoa Hoa Ky phil hien ra ring, vj thanh nien bj lam dung tinh due, die biet li nam gifli, cfl khi nang bi dflng tinh hay tu nhan minh la ding tinh cao gip 7 lin so vdi nhtog nguoi khSng bi lam dung
Anh hudng lit vdn hoa xd hdi
Khuta mlu linh due ciia mfli ea nhan la mpt san phim ciia xa hpi Nhtog xa hpi co xu humig chip nhan dflng linh se co nhiiu ci nhan efi khuynh hutag dflng tinh hmt Toni Meyer, ftinh vien Hpi dong Chmh sich gia dinh (My) cho biit, ctag vfli phong ttio tag hp dong tmh len cap, Mt nam 1994, si ding tinh nam fl My da tang 18%, va sfl lupng dflng tinh nil lang tfli 157%
Vi Ihdnh niin riil di bi tin thuang vd lay nhiim DTLA
Nam 2006, Tiin si Jeffrey Salinover [5] cho ring, dflng tinh luyin ai bit diu thi hien thutag xuyen nhal fl mfli vj thanh nien Dii voi mpt sfl vj thanh nien, khuynh hutag dflng linh se duy m mai vi sau Vfli s i con lai, nfl se giam mpt each W nhien thep su trutag thanh va cufli ctag se biin mit, trir khi np dupe hfl ttp va khuyin khich quay tro lai Ong
Trang 5la boi eanh xa hoi vi gia dinh Do do, niu xa hpi ngiy eang dung nap hpac c8 vH chp ding tah luyen a, Uu se din den s i lupng ngay cang gia tang nhtog ngucri DTLA
Cac nghien c t o ctag chi ta nhtag mat tit rieu cue cua DTLA Theo Tiin si Rtehard Fitzgibbons [5] Utanh vien tfl ehuc U,ue diy sue khoe h t a nhin Hoa Ky dflng tah luyen a, tu no li biiu h,en cOa mat rii lpan am ly 6ng chp rang, ehfag rfli lpan nay
luon d, kem vai mflt Ipat cac vin d i sue khfle tam Utin bap gim ttim cim'nang y dinh
tu sat, ro, Ipan lo au, lam dung chit kich Utich, rfli lpan hinh v,, Itag m ttpn thip a nam g,a, va q,™ he ,mh due bira ba, Tiin si Neil Wl,tehead cho biit ngufli ding tinh cfl nguy ea b, cac van de tam Utin nhiiu han so voi ngupi dj rinh binh t h u t a ty"le ni rii ttam cam, chtog hiu ta, rii loan nhan cich v i lam dung chi kich h,eh e"ao hon Dae'
b,et, eae van de ve lam dung tinh dttc tri em phin nhiiu co fl n h t a ngufli DTLA Cac
ngh,e„ c t o „ Hi Lan cho thiy rft nhtiu chtog tim thin fl nhtog ^guo, dflng tinh du day la dat nuoc ma su khoan dung voi dflng tinh lta han fl hiu hil eic nuflc khac 6 Hoa
Ky, su ky Uu xa hp, ve DTLA lta hpn p Ha Lan nen da khtag din din muc dp ,ang cao cua eae van de tarn Utan TTteo Tiin si Neil U-h„ehead ly do phu hpp nhi, chp hinh ,hue cue doan cua dong tinh luyen ii chita li r i , loan ,an, ly Vi viy ,hea cic nha nghien cto nay, tiong riiong lai buflc phi, ghi nhan viec diiu ,n ,im ly dfli t o , ngufi, ding",inh, eho
du no dupe co, khong phai la benh ly
Quan diim cia S FreudIIS56-I939, vi ddng tlnh Imin d,
Trpng nghren cto ciia minh Freud danh khi taiiu cong siic cho hien mong DTLA
N t a g nghien cto danh gta cua flng lufin la nin a n g co sfl cfl g,a m eho cac nghien cto vi
t) I LA duong dai
Theo Freud, con ngufl, khi smh m da cfi ban nang ,mh due nguven ,huy khtag tap tttag (unfocused libidmal drives), ding ,ita luvin ii li mfl, su lech lae ri, bfa nang nay Cac cong mnh quan ttpng cua Freud vi dflng DTLA dupe v,i, ,ua nam 1905
vfi,-Ba lieu ludn vi ly thuxii nnh due': t i vao nam 1922 t o , -Cdc cJchiloan thdn kinh trong ghen chimg hoang nrang ta ddng linh luyin df Freud ,m rang lit ca moi ngufl, diu
lutog tmh con nguoi dupe ke, hpp cic phuang dien eua ca ha, g,m t i dp tiv mpi ngufii
b, hap dan ,,nh due sm ea hai g,m Theo quan d,em cua flng diiu nay li dtag trong ciu mtc gta, phau s,nh ly ca quan smh due ta ca s i phupng d,en ,mh thfa t i tam lv Tinh due khac gip, va rita due dpng lmh deu duoc phat men m su sip vep lutag tinb ban diu niy Fieud gp, dong ri^nh luyen a, la mp, -dao eh,iu- cua kha, due (hbido, dfl la su tro vi voi mpt dpi tuong giong va, chinh no mfl, cai gi do khac b.e, tm loan dam la , r a t a bop cua
b.nh K F u d khong bao gra khfag d,ta su g.flng nhau hoan ,oan g.aa quan hrdflnT.ita
va su m,y l,c e t unh due khac g,fi, Freud hi,u ring, dflng ri'nh lu.v.n a i l lmh due ^
Trang 6quan diem cua Freud, ttong tie pham Freud dd thuc sir not gi, David Stafford-Clark di
viet: "Tinh due dflng gipi la mpt su e i dinh don gifa ciia libidp vao mpt dii riipng tinh diic chua hoin tofa phan hfla voi chii thi Mpt sfl gic rl ciia tinh due ding giai co rir ntii iu tha, khi tte con m t a g rang cic gifli tmh deu duac tap ra giflng nhau Mpt su gia tang sau niy Clia nhtag gi cfl thi dupc coi nhu giai doan tinh due ding gifli binh ftutag ttong mii thieu nien se lim eho ninh dp phit m i n Unh due ciia chu thi di xa nhit Trpng m i t a g hpp niy, bieu hien day dii cua cim giac tmh due chi cfl thi din ril mpt kiiu kit hpp va giao cim vfli mpt ngufli thufic ctag gifli tmh" [3, 136-139]
Trpng suit qua trmh nghien cto vi DTLA, Fteud dat ra bin gii thuyit vi nguyen taan ctia ding tinh luyin ai Trpng moi gia thuyit dfl, Sng di cap din mpt vin di tam ly bien dfli khac nhau lien quan din dflng tinh luyin ii, dfl la, ham muin khat due (libidp); tinh ill yeu minh nacxit (narcissism); co chi phong chiiu (projecrive mechanism); mJc cam Odipe khflng ,hfla mta (unsarisfactoiy Oedipal complex) Mfii gia ftuyit lien quan tfli dflng tinh dupc xiy dung trong pham vi hep, do la cac ttutag hap phat Win tam ftin sinh due khic nhau lien quan din su xuit hien dflng tinh luyin ai o nguoi riTitag thanh [6,481) Theo gii ftiit vi mac cim Odipe khflng thfla man, tren co sfl khii niem ding nhit hoa (indentificarion) la phat hien nguyen thuy cua sit ring bupe tinh cim vpi ngufli khac, Fteud giai ftich ring: "Su phat sinh DTLA fl nguai dfa ong xay ra tau sau: ttong thai gian tit lau, ngufli ftanh nien bj ring buflc vai me rit manh me, hiiu fteo nghia mac cam Odipe
Dfi, vol thfli ky day fti, ngufli ftanh nien da tai luc cin phai tim kiim mpt dii riipng difC
tinh khic de thay thi ngufli me, Biy gifl se xay ra mpt su chuyin hutag bit thin, ding 18 lia bp me ftl nguoi thanh nien lai dfing nhit hfla vfli me, biin thanh me, ftanh nien se tim nhtag dfli riipng CP thi ftay thi cii tfli ciia mita di chang ta cft thi yeu min vi chSm npm cung tau Chang la dupc me yeu min cham nam" [7,164-166] Diiu dfl cft nghia la chfag ta
se dl Um nhtog ngufli thanh nien ciing gioi de ydu
Trpng cuflc dfli minh, Freud tain ngufli dflng tinh luyin ai vai mpt thai dfl rit khoan dung Nam 1930, Freud da ky vio bfa keu gpi hpp phap hfla cac hata vi tita tac ding
gim a Due va Ao Khi dupc hfli, lieu ngucri ta phai ftuc hien ehiia beta DTLA hay lam cho glim hot dl bang cich tang site ip cita du luta xa hpi, 8ng tra lfli: "Duong taien, sit
nhan mata cua toi la ein dua vi cie bien phap xa hpi"[8, 138], Freud hiiu va, tto ciia xi hpi li v8 ciing quan ttpng di giim ftiiu su phit sinh cua dfing lita luyin ii
3, Thai dp aii vol dong tinh luyen ai trong xa h6i hijn nay
Quan he dfing tinh, tail la hfin tain dflng tinh, li tatag mfli quan he xa hpi rit phttc tap, phii dupc xem xijl dua tren nhtog nfln riing cp ban li xJ hpi va phap ly ctag vfli phong toe tip quin, ri^yin thing van hfla ctia xa hfli va gia dita Vipt Nam Khi nhin nhfa
mp, quan he niy, cing khong fti khflng chii y tfli ban chit va efa nguyen gflc rl c
Trang 7TLA da dupc cae nghien cto ttong thoi gian dai ciia cic taa khoa hoe tten thi gioi ttong
do CO Freud, ma a Viet Nam ehua co diiu kien nghien cto K i , hpp xem xe, tflng hop cic
van de neu tten, se eo dupc each nhm tafa khpan dung, khong kh,en cutag, mflt fti, do
hop ly hon cho tatog ngufl, ding tita va cho cpng ding ma khdng dpng cham qua ta,iu
to, thuan Phong my tue eua ngucri Viet Nam Nhu fl mue 2 da di cap, cac taa khoa hoc diu
d to, tam,g quan diem chung rit khoan dung vi DTLA Dua vao co sfl dfi, efl thi tain
nhan vm mpt thii dp xiy dung vi DTLA ttong gifli tte hien nay tau
sau-M-t la pha, khdng dinh ,-dng „uan he dSng tinh luyin di khong phai Id benh lv
Cin „ r " h 7 ' ' ' ' ™ " ™ " " ' ' ' " ' *""^ ' ' ™ ^*" ^'"= '^™« ^«"^ *«"g h - n nay
Can pha, nhm taan va eho cflng dtag ctag ftiy dupc diiu dfl, de cfl fti, dfl dtag mto
dtag cam hpn va, DTLA Quan ttpng hon, lim cho tatog ngufl, ding rita h,iu duoc ring
m_,ta kiong pha, la nguoi beta, de hp ttfah mac cam, khflng xa l i t a mi hfla dflng vch
1^:7^:^""""'" '^""'"""""" -" ^^ '^^^ '^^ -
Yeu ,fl mfli raflng vi giio d,e khflng it chtim ,o, 2-3 su hita ftata vi phat tnen
DTLA, va ngupc l „ , kh, cp mfli tnitag va giip due tfll se la co sp de giim ftieu su gia
g l r h ' ™ ' ^ ' ' " " * " " ' • ' ™ ^ ''• ""' '""^'' ^^"8 mil im gia dita, su
g I P due eua cha me, cua nhi tratag ,a vfl ctag quan ttpng dac biet la t-pi tre vi thinh
dita be ban, xa nha tratag v i c i n g lam chp DTLA phit min
Bald CO,,, Ihdng khoan dung nliirig kliang nin co thdi do vd hdnh ddng mang tinh
<:hap nhan hay-khich li cho cdc quan hi DTLA '
.ia t i ' ' ' ' - ' ' - i " M - " r " " " • *''•• ' ' • ' ^ " ^ ^^ ^ ° ' ^^^P " " - *• ^^^^ - - »utag
sT ft T 1' ^*' -"*' •"• '^ * "'^^- ^™ '-' ^^y ^^' ^ ^ ™ -^ ><- ^^"8 la
Stag thp, ,hupng khac ngufl, dfi li kho, nguin cho quan iri ding tinh cfl diflu kicn dfl na'
mam sita SP, va pha, ,nen Vi viv ch, nen cim ,hA - u- '
,,= ^ 1 .-•' ™" " " '*'°"e ™" nhihig ngufli da cfl quan he
dong „nh tam,g khong ,o ra su dflng tinh chip nhin hav khieh le ho liep mc
fio,, la vc phuang diin lual phdp khdng il.i cho phep bon nhdn ddng unh
Hon nhin dong tinh li buflc di xa ban ri nhieu so voi quan he dflng linh, Chua nfli
Im khia canh huan pbong mv lpc vin hfla vi hfi va lra,ve„ hflng g.a dinh Vifi, Nam hfl
nhan dong linh la dieu kho chip nhin duoc vi cac khia canb luii phip va hiu qua xi hfl
ma no de lai la rat phuc tap ^ Tom lai trong xuth^ hpi nhap loan ciu hoa cua nuoc la don rinh I - -
Trang 8u-xuat tpti cac m i t a g dai hpc, ftam chi ca ttlttag p h i ftpng tt^mg hpe DTLA la mpt dang
ctia lii sing tieu cue ttpng mpt bp phan giflri ai dang o mitc bip dpng Nfl tau la vit 8 xuit
hien ttong biie ttata dep v i thuin phong my tuc ciia dfa tpc ta Chtag ta cit, phai tap tttmg giam thieu su phat men lay Ian cua vfa nan nay D i lam duac diiu dfl, cin co su n i l^rc cua cpng ding, cua xa hpi, cita gia dita, cua taa miong va cua taan ftto chita tit bfa ftan tatog nguai cfl quan he DTLA
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[I] Bao cao ciia Tnmg ^ m Up giup a m ly My APA tai hpi nghj Q u i c ,e v i BTLA 11/1976,
Sexual orientation and homosexuality, Toronio, Canada, 11.1976
[2] Bao diln rir Thanh Nien, 16.5.2012, 1.65 triiu nguai ddng Ilnh d Viet Nam- da si
muon sinh con
[3] David Saffoid-Clard (1998), Freud dd Ihuc su noi gi, NXB Thi guri
[4], Ken Hausman, Attempts to change sexual orientation, APA's Psychiattic News 7.2001 [5] S.Freud, Phdn lam hoc nhgp mon (2002), Nguyin Xuan Hiin dlch, NXB Dai hpc Quoc eia
Ha Noi
[6] S Freud, Nghien ah, phdn Idm hoc (1969),VO Dlnh Luu djch NXB An Tiem, Sai G6i, [7] J.Muiphy, Freud and sexual orienUttion therapy Jounnal of h o m o s e x u a l , APA, 3.2003 http;//en wikipedia.org/w,k/ ,hc free encyclopedia, Homosexuglily
Ngay nhan bai b i o : 4/3/2014
Ngay phan biln i o n g ; 20/3/2014