\/ Mot so l l , tet trong nam cua ci/ dan thuy dien d vjnh I-ia Long, Quang Ninh va dam pha Tam Giang - Cau Hai, Thtfa Thien Hue* V U HONG Nm** Tai cdc sdng, ho, dam phd, dde bidt Id
Trang 1\/ Mot so l l , tet trong nam cua ci/ dan thuy dien d vjnh I-ia Long, Quang Ninh
va dam pha Tam Giang - Cau Hai,
Thtfa Thien Hue*
V U HONG Nm**
Tai cdc sdng, ho, dam phd, dde bidt
Id dpc theo khu vffc ven biln ff nffdc
ta cd nMlu cdng dong eff ddn eff l i y
thuyln, be ldm nha vd cff trfl trdn mdt
nffde Ngffd ta ggi hg Id eff ddn thuy didn
hode thuy cff Vl mdt ngudn gdc, mdt bp
phan cdc cdng dong thuy cff la cac cff dan
ndng ngMdp trdn dat Uen chuyen cff xudng
nffdc sinh sd'ng, bd phdn khdc vd'n dd sinh
sdng lau d d tadn mat nffde Cho t d g i n
ddy, tai Vinh Ha Long (Quang Ninh) vd tai
dim phd Tam Giang Ciu Hai (Thffa
TMdn - Hud') ede edng ddng tbiiy eff tdp
trung ddng dao nhat
T i ^ eung la cff dan sdng tren mat nffdc,
cflng liy vide ddnh bat cde lodi thuy hai
san vd vdn chuyln dffdng sdr^, dffdng bien
ldm phfftfng thffc muu sinb ehinh, nhffng
do ngudn gdc khdc nbau va sinh tdn trong
ede he sinh tbdi khde nhau, ndn van
hda/ldi sdng cua hai edng ddng thuy cff
d a i ^ bdn trdn ctf ban Id gid'ng nbau, nhffng
cCmg cd nhflhg net ddc thu rat ha'p dan TiJ nhitog tdi Udu thu thdp trdn thffc dia, trong pham vi bdi vid't ndy, ehung tdi bifdc dau g i d tMeu so sdnh v l cdc l l , td't trong ehu ky mdt ndm eua hp
1 L e cning o n g Cong, o n g Tao
Cung gidng n h u cU dan ndng ngW§p, cac ngtt ddn thuy eUdn eitog tin r i n g flng Cdng, dng Tdo Id nhflhg ngttd trdng coi cdng vi$c hd'p nuc trong gia dinh M§i ndm mdt lan hp thUdng t l chttc citog tien c^c dng Idn ehiu t r d , bdo edo edng vi§e trong nam vao tbttdng tff ngdy 15 dd'n 23/12 fim lich
O Ha Long, Quang Ninh, vdo ngdy niy cde gia dmh ngU dan se dpn dep cho nau nUdng, nMlu gia dinh thay "vua bep" (dng
dau rau/kieng bdp) Vi^c ening l l dUgc thtfc
Mdn tai ban thd to tien, hinh thffc cting gidng n b u eac eff ddn ndng ngMdp Khi cbn d d u d thuyln, cdc i ^ ddn ldm dtfn
* Bai vig't duuc thue hi&n trong khuon khi De tai Dinh ctf trgn bd vd stf bi^n dli vfin h6a ciia cd dan thiiy dien d vinh Ha Long (Quang Ninh) va dim phd Tam Giang - Ciu Hai (Thfla Thidn HuS)
ma s6 IV5.3-2012.21 do Quy Phat trign Khoa hoc va Cong nghg Qudc gia (Nafosted) tai trtf
Trang 2gidn hffn
Tai Thffa TMdn - H u l , eung dng Cdng,
dng Tdo thffdig ttt 23 t h a n g Chap trd di vd
thffdng eung effng v d tdt men Cflng trdn
thuyln hay trdn bd d i u t l chffc gid'ng nhau,
vide cflng dffgc thUc hidn d be'p Mam l l cd
bdnh trai, hoa qua va d l ma cho dng tdo
Tai bdp nfiu cua cde gia dinb cd ddt tranh
tugng ba dng tdo, chfit Udu gd'm, cd kich cd
10cm X 15cm, day khoang 2em Sau kM
cflng xong ede gia dinh thay dng tao, Ming
m d vd ddt ma K i l n g va dng tdo cfl dua ra
mid'u bode ra •vffdi de nhflhg cho cao rdo,
thodng dang sau vdi ba n a m m d bo b i n
Diem chung eua ngff ddn vinh Ha Long,
Quang Ninb vd dam phd Tam Giang - Ciu
Hai, Thtta TMdn - Hud' la dd md trdn mam
CO cung dng Cdng dng Tdo gidng nhau,
gom ba bd ma va vang ma va hfftfng, hoa,
oan, qua, cau, trau Cde gia dinh (M dilu
kien thffdng ehuan bi mdm cd mdn vdi day
du cdc mdn ran, ludc xdo Nhitog dd "vdng
ma" sd dffge dot di sau l l cflng dng Tdo vdo
ngay 23 thdng Chap cung v d bdi vi cfl Sau
dd ngffd ta lap bdi vi m d cho Tao Quan
2 L e d o n m t f n g n a m m d i (td't
Nguy&n D a n )
V d ede eff dan ngff ngMdp td't Nguyen
Dan Id tet to nhat trong ndm Gia dinh
ndo citog mudn sang ndm m d mpi vi$c
dffffc sudn se, thudn ltfi, hp chuin bi chu
ddo dd Id, vat p h i m cho ba ngdy td't Dilu
dd dffge phan dnb qua cdu ea "Ddi ngdy gid
eha, lo ba ngdy tet" T h d lqc cbn d dffd
thuyln, eude sd'ng ebn vat va, hdng hda
dffge tien hdnh tnfdc ca l l eung dng Cdng, dng Tao Dfl khd khdn de'n dau, gia dinh ndo citog phai cd bdnh chitog vd tien vang cho ede eu
C&y niu ngdy tit: Diem khac bidt rd
nha't cua cff dan thuy (Udn d Ha Long, Qudng Ninh v d cdc n d khdc la vide dffng cay ndu trdn thuyln trong dip td't Vdo cud'i ndm thffdng vdo 23 thdng Chap, ngffdi ta tid'n b a n b trong cay neu trffdc mfli thuyln Cdy ndu cua ngff ddn dttge ldm tff cMnb cay Giehg Ngugc - mot nhflCr^ loai cay pho bid'n trdn nhitog dao nfli ciia vinh Ha Lon Cff ddn d ddy dffng cdy neu tren thuyln lam dau Meu de Unh hdn t l tidn theo dd md v l
dn td't cflng con chdu
Ngoai ra, mdi gia ^ n h ngu dan d Ha Long, Quang Ninh cdn ldm tfl 2 - 4 cMd'c thuyen khdng mui bang be chudi Trdn mdi thuyln cam 6 la cd dudi nheo bang giay xanh dd Trdn mdt thuyen cdn trai mdt td giiy do, dat mdt dflm gao, cam 3 nen buctog eung gia tien t i l n bidt nam cu, ddn ndm m d Sau kM cung xong, cbu nhd dffng
d d i n g lai thuyen tha xud'ng b i l n va dd't vdng ma, k i t thflc ndm cu
Trong ba ngay te't, ngff dan cd mdt so lddng ki bat budc nhff ngffd ed tang tff mdt ndm trd len phai di tham hdi, chue td't nhffng ngffd than thudc trong ngdy 30 td't
H i u bet ngff dan lddng tid'p ngffdi cd tang trong 3 ngdy tet Khdng ddnh mfing tre con, ndi tuc hay to tid'ng vdi nhau, khdng danh do dau, nfldc m i m Ddc bidt ngffdi dan ehdi tuan thu ngMdm tuc vide kidng xin, dau, nffdc mam, mudi, khdng vay gao,
Trang 3vay se khdng an ndn ldm ra, ca nam chi di
vay mffffn
Cdc ngff dan d d i m phd Tam Giang
-Cau Hai cflng cd nhitog kidng ky gan gidng
v d ngff dan d Ha Long, Quang Ninh Vipc
nff nan pbai dfftfc thanh toan tnfdc kM
bffdc sang nam m d Sau kM ddn giao thffa
den sdng ngdy mung Mdt td't, mdi gia dinh
chpn nhitog ngffd M i n lanh, nhanh nhen,
dffge eoi la "nhe •vfa" de'n "dap dat" (xdng
nha), khdng phdn biet nam nff hay gid tre
KM ldn bd hp thffdng cd xu hffdng ehpn tre
em vi eho rdng tre nhd ludn vui ve, se
mang lai may man eho gia ffinh Trong ba
ngdy Tet mpi ngffd trong gia i^nb pbai ndi
nang nhe nhdng, thdn mslt, khdng ndi tuc,
chili bdy, khdng quet dpn nhd ctta Nhitog
ngffd cd xich mfch, thfl oan nhau, ehd de'n
ngdy Tet de dffge "xf xda" va ehuc nhau
nhflhg dilu td't dep, eoi nhff sff vide da dffge
hda giai
3 Le c u n g n g a y r k m , miong m p t a m
Iich
Ddi v d eff dan thuy didn, cde ngdy 30,
mung mdt vd 14, 15 dm lich taong mdi
thdng Id ngdy quan trpng trong thdng Vdo
cae ngdy ndy, nha ndo cung phai ldm ie
cflng gia tidn va thuy than Hd ba, ciu cho
gia dinh khde manh, ddnh b i t dugc nMlu
tdm cd Thdng thudng nd'u cdn bd me tM
anh em, con chau phai v l tap trung eung
tai thuyln bd me, nd'u bd me mat tM tap
trung d thuyln ciia trffdng nam
Luc edn d trdn thuyln cac ngff ddn
thffdng cd gi cung do, ehu yd'u Id dd hai san
ddnh b i t dfftfc Hp thffdng Iffa chgn nhflhg
eon to ngon de cung Cae mdn dn cimg ch^ bie'n dtfh gian nhu: cd nau rieu hodc ea, tdm, cua nUdng KM dinh ctt len bd, hp cung citog theo ctt dan ndng ngMep Cdc Tet 3/3, 5/5 r i m thdng 7, r i m thdng 8 va 10/10 ngif dan citog to chttc dn udng KM ldn bd co dilu kidn ndn dd Id man chd' hidn ciu ky hon, ed ca thit lgn, thit gd va hoa tud
4 Ld Cling g i o / c u n g k y
O Quang Ninh, vdo ngay mdt eua ong
bd, cha me, anh em trong gia ffinh, dbng
hp tdp tnmg tai nhd tnfdng nam (hoac trudng tdc) cung gid KM ebn d trdn thuyln, gia ffinh trttdng nam sd tim ndi sdng ldng, gid ydn d l ldm gid vd thdng bao eho anb em hp hdng MSi mdt cM, cdnh mang theo mpt mam cd ehuan bi sdn din cflng Dd l l bat budc phai cd thit gd, xoi,
ed, hffcmg, giay vang t i l n vd hoa tffdi Trffdng nam Id ngffd khd'n trong ngdy gi§ Ndi dung bdi khdn thffdng la eiu xm tai lde, sffc khde cho con cho chdu.Ldn bd co dilu kidn htfn, hp thffdng m d ca ban be, hang xdm than tMd't Vang ma ddt d taen mui thuyen, kM ddt vdng ma xong ngffd ta tffd it rfftfu trang vdo tro, nMlu gia dinh
do cd chdo vdo tro (nd'u eitog trdn nfli) vh
d l chao xudng bien (nd'u cung trdn thuyen),
hp eho r i n g nbu vay Id vdt gffi cho cdc cu
m d day du vd thuan I d Cdc n ^ ddn d i m pbd Tam Giang - Cau Hai, Thffa TMdn Hul^ gpi cung gil Id ciing
ky VI Cff ban, hinh thttc t l chffe cung nhtf ngtt dan d Ha Long, Quang Ninh Mfli ngdy 1^ cua ngffdi than trong gia (Unh, ho dang cflng hai l l theo tinh than "tnfdc
Trang 4cMeu hdm trffdc, gia dinh eitog phai sffa
soan bdn thd, t n t o g hoa, qua va s i m mdt
mdm C(fm dcm gian ddng len cung, d l
bdo/md dng/bd ve ky Ld cMnh ky dien ra
vdo sdng hdm sau, d l cflng l l theo khd
ndng cua mdi gia ffinh hay ddng hp Cac
ngu ddn thffdng lam dffn gian, khdng mdm
cao cd d i y nhffng rfit chfl y tdi ede mdn dn
md ngffd dffge cung ky tMch an kM cdn
sdng Hg cho rang, dieu quan trgng nhat Id
td'm ldng Meu kfnh cua ngffd sd'ng v d
ngffd da khuat
Cung gid'ng ngff ngff dan d Ha Long,
Quang Ninh, kM b a n b Id xong, ta't ca vdng
bac, dd ma d i u dem di ddt, sau dd dung
mdt ehdn rffgu eitog tffdi len tro than
Thuat xem chan ga la mdt binb thffe
pho bien d ca bai n d , ngff dan quan mdm
ndm dd ldm dn phdt tdi, may m i n hay den
dlii, nii ro the nao deu dffffc "cac cu" flhg
hi^n trdn ehdn ga Do vay, cac gia ffinh
Idm gid kM gidt ga xong, n h a t thie't phai
d l Iai ddi ehan gd eitog ehffa ludc d l "xem
chan ga" Dac biet, ngff dan d d i m phd
Tam Giang - Cau Hai cbn dung nd d l chtta
bdnh b i n g cdch dem cban ga p h d khd, nd'u
ai bi h l i m l day lay nffdc ludc chan gd eho
udng se kbdi
5 Le t a o mp (chap mp)
Trffdc kia eff dan thuy (Udn kM ehd't
khdng dffge chdn trdn dat Uen vi khdng cd
da't Nd'u khdng tim dugc nhitog bai da't bd
ho£mg ngudi chd't phai thuy tang (tha dUdi
nffdc) N d ehdn cat ngffd ehd't cua ngff ddn
d Ha Long la nbOhg va, hem nui cao, khuat
ddn ndng ngMdp Cdn d dam pha Tam Giang Id nhflhg edn tha, bai n i i Cau ndi:
Sdng u6 gia cU, chit vd dia tdng (song
khdng ed dat d l lam nbd, chd't khdng cd
d i t d l chdn) ehfnh la phan dnb thffc td' chung Clia ngff ddn Vidt Nam trffdc ddy Do vdy, md md dng bd, to tidn cua eff dan thuy didn d Ha Long, Quang Ninh cung nhff
d i m phd Tam Giang - Ciu Hai, Thffa Thien Hud' diu bi phan tan Hon ntta, eude sd'ng tren thuyln ludn di ehuyen, eon chau khdng t h i nhd va xac dinh n d chdn cat ngffd ehd't vi the ba con khdng tieh hdnh tao/ehap md
Sau kM chuyen len bd sinh sdng, nhitog ngff ddn chd't diu dfftfc ehdn cat d nhflhg
n d quy dinh nhff cae cff dan trdn bd Nhilu gia ffinh ngff dan tie'n hdnh quy tap pban
md ciia dng ba, to tidn hp cbn nhd dfftfc v l cdc nghia trang ciia lang Cac gia ffinh ngff dan cflng tid'n hdnh tao/ehap md theo truyin thd'ng cua ngudi Viet
V d ngU ddn d Ha Long, Quang Ninh,
bg thudng ffi tao md vao khoang 24, 25 tbdng Chap Nhitog ngUd ffi tao md ngoai viec chuan bi the hUcmg, it hoa qua, t i l n vdng hg cbn mang tbeo cai cudc, con dao Sau khi da sffa s a i ^ pban md, bg t h i p hfftfng dang eung hoa qua, giai bdy v d dng
bd, to tidn nhitog chuydn da didn ra trong ndm vdi ca gia ffinh, ddng bg Thdnh tdm
m d dng bd t l tien chuan bi eung v l an Te't vdi gia dinh Tien vang dfftfc dot ngay tai
mp vdi mue ffich g d Id pM de ong bd v l vdi con chdu
Le chap mp (le tao md) ciia ngff dan d
Trang 5eflng gid'ng nhff edc cU ddn ndng nghidp,
thudng tff mdng 5 thdng dd'n 23 thdng
Chap B d vi ddy la thang cuoi nam, chuin
hi sang ndm m d ndn con ehau phai ed
tadch nMem dpn dep nhd cffa eho dng bd
d l ddn tet eo truyin
Quy md t l chffc IS chap md eua ctt dan
d ddy ldn hoh so v d eU dan d Ha Long,
Qudng Ninh Ngdy chap md duge thdng
bdo eho eon chdu ttt vai thdng tnfdc, cdc
dbng bp ldn thttdng quy dinb ngdy chap
md ridng Dai didn mdi gia dinb ffi ra md
"quet dpn" nhd cffa cbo dng bd va lam thii
tuc "rUde" dng bd ve an te't Nhitog ngffd
khde d nha lo ehuyen be'p nflc va chuan bi
do cung l l cho dng bd L l chap tbudng Id
dip con chdu, bd eon ndi ngoai t l tttu ddng
dii nhat cd ngUd quanh ndm lam dn
phutfng xa cung taanh thu lue nay de v l dU,
thdm lai md ma cha dng, dip gap gd, nhdn
bilt tinh thdn tMch, cMa se trach nMdm
b i n phdn, citog ed tinh nghia than tdc
6 C i i i ^ l e tsd c a c a m , m i ^ u , d e n , c h u a
Am Ngogi cdnh
Mdi gia dinh ngU dan d Thtta TMen Hue'
diu am thd phia ngoai gpi Id am Ngoai
ednh Am thudng d phfa tnfdc nhd, n d
dffgc coi Id sacb se, thanh tinh khdng bi d
nMlm vd rde thai Theo ly giai eua rfit
nMlu ngffd v l tdn ggi ngoai canh vi
"ngoai" ngMa thd vong hdn cua ea ngffd
chd't ngoai ddng hg gia dinb, cbn "canh" Id
thd d kbdng gian, khung canh pMa ngodi
ngdi nha
Mdt gia dinh cd the cd vdi ba am, ed am
Ifnh Chidm Thanh hay nhflhg ngffd ehet kbdng rd danh tfnh, nhflhg vong b i n htf vo khdng n d nfftfng tff, cdc vong linh cMIn a
vd danh chd't trong t h d 1 ^ cMen taanh Nhuhg vong hdn ndy ed t b i qufiy nMlu cdc gia ffinh eU tru d vung dd't dd, do vdy can phai thd cflng d l gia ffinh dugc binh an,
may mfin Am thd cd va cgu Id nhSag
ngudi ehd't tre bdn dfing ngoai, chUa cd con cai d l thd eung Am thd nhflhg ngffd don ddc ben ngoai nhu cau, ffi va nhflhg ngffdi
sa siit khdng n d nffohg tifa, cde ba cfl khdng eon cai Cu dan d ddy cho rfing, neu khdng thd cung cde vong Unh ciia bd cd va cae di, edu bdn ngoai, dUdng tinh duydn eua eon cdi trong gia dhih dd se bi 1 ^ dan, trfic trd
Am thd thudng gidng mdt ngdi mieu nhd cd 4 hay 2 mai, bode dcm gian cM la
t 6 n due be tdng gid'ng nhff ban thd nhd, dat trdn edt tru eao tff 1,5m dd'n 2m M6i
am diu cd bat hfftfng thd eitog, trong am thd vong hdn quan lai, nhitog ngffd linh CMem Thdnh thudng ed 2 con ngifa diJhg hai ben Am thff cd, c$u, ffi lai thttdng c6 gUtfng, luge va lg dau thtfm
Ngodi ra, ngff dan ebn thd Vu Ddy Id ban thd ngodi t r d gid'ng nhff am thd ngoai
canb nhitog khdng cd mdi ehe "Vu di thd nhdng trk em, thai nhi bi sa sut trong gia dinh vd dong hg, dugc ggi la "httu danh v6
vi vd hdu vi vo danh" cd nghia Id thd nhdng tri em sinh ra cd tin nhUng bi chit sau khi sinh vd nhitng theu nhi bi sdy khi mdi thdnh thai vdi thdng, tdt cd diu dugc thd d V&" (dng Hd Vdn Dflng, sinh nam
1952, thdn Bdc Vdng Ddng, xa Qudng Ld,
Trang 6Citog Ngoai canh va Vu thffdng vdo
mflng mpt, ngdy rfim am lich Gia ffinh cd
^ cung dfiy, thffdig Id cau trau va nffde
Vdo dip Id t e t m d cung hoa, qua, cau trau,
rugu Vao thdng Hai vd thang Tam la t h d
ffiem xudn ky, thu td', cdc gia dinh thffdng
cung it q u i n do eho eac vong, dd Id cung
ldn vi thdng Hai Id mua xuan, thdng ciu
Iam dn cdn thdng Tam Id thu cffng l l ta
ede ngdi
Trffdc day, kM cbn d tren thuyln do
khdng gian chat hep, am Ngoai canh lam
tadn mui thuyln Am cM thd vong bdn
nhitog ngffd chet kM ffi biln, nhitog gia
dinh cd ede thai nM hi say vd tre nhd ehd't
tadn thuyen
Miiu, din, chda
Cd khd nMlu midu, den, chua d kbu vffc
Ha Long, Quang Ninh, n d thd ede vi than
thdnh bao gdm nMdn t h a n vd nhdn than
nhff: mid'u thd Thuy t h i n , Stfn t h i n hay
d i n thd Tran Qud'e Tang, T r i n Khdnh Dff
Dd'i v d cic dbng hg ldn thffdng cd cdc mid'u
thd ridng dfftfc ddt kin ddo trong cae va
nui
Chu yd'u ngff ddn cung l l tai cac mid'u,
d i n kM hg s i p ffi ddnh bfit d xa, eau mong
ngai phu hd hode kM ffi ngang qua cac d i n ,
mieu nhff d i n ba Men, d i n But ddy va d i n
cgiu Vang R i t it kM hg de'n eflng le tai cde
chfla, ne'u cd eitog sau ngay 15 dm lich V d
hg cflng t l tien Id quan trpng nhat, hg
thffdng den cdc mid'u, d i n hay chfla xm
chdn nhang "cdc quan ngdi" ve de vdo bdt
hfftfng chinh cua gia ffinh Hg t m rfii^ thd
cdc ngdi tai n h a se giup bp de ddng tranb
ngffd trong gia dinh
d dam pha Tam Giang - Cau Hai cac ngtt dan t h u d i g thd cung d cac mil'u quanh ldng, n h u mid'u thd bd Thuy, ba Stfn vd ba Hda Mdt sd gia dinb cd mid'u thd nhflng vi ldn trong gia dinb, phai, hg hoae Id than eiia dan lang hay vitog dd Vao ngay ram, mung mgt dm Uch hg citog hoa qua, trau cau Nhuhg dip eitog td' ldn nhff l l Ciu ngff, eung Ta tfn (man mfla) cff ddn thffdng cung
l l mdn vd ed ca do ma gdm: lot ba Stfn ma xanh hodc dd eafd edng, lot ba Thuy ma trang bode vdng effd ed ehep; 5 dng hd ba
Id 5 bd do ma giay den, 2 bg do cho 2 cdu
v d mdu vdng, do va 2 cung ten
7 L § c;^u ngtf Ciu i ^ la mdt trong nhitog l l eung quan trgng nhat eua ngff dan d d i m phd Tam Giang - Cau Hai La dip de eU ddn eiu mong mua thuan gid bda, con ddn ldm nghe khdng bi sdng to, gid ldn, ca nang
l u d day Ld eau ngU thttdng duge cdc ldng, cde van, cae thdn to chffe hdng ndm Van
la dem vi to chffc Id cau ngff trdn mdt nffdc dam phd, van trffdng thudng la ngUd ditog
ra quyen gdp tien bae tff cdc thdnh •vidn eua van mua sam vdt pham te' Id Tuy tbeo kha nang quydn gdp, ngu dan trong van t l chffc l l cfiu ngff ldn hay nbd Tuy nMen, l l eau ngff ldn thffdng dffffc to chttc 3 - 5 nam mdt lan, l l cau ngff ldn ndy thffdng cd to chffc ea pban hdi
Ngay to chffe thffdng vdo dip dfiu ndm hoac mua be nhff d lang Ngff My Thanh 15/4 (theo dm lich); d Mai Gia Phffdng 6/8;
Trang 7theo tflhg n d , trffdc day Mai Gia Phffdng
vd Ngff My Thanh thffdng td chttc tai mid'u
cdng ddng thd cde vi thuy than ven dam
pha, kM ldn bd bp to chttc chung v d cac cff
ddn ndng ngMep d midu cd bon (dm hon);
d Ld Binh do khu vffc tnfdc mid'u thd cde
ngdi dffpc quy hoaeh thdnh bo ba trilu
nudi trong thuy san ndn hg cbuyen sang to
chttc tai nba cdng ddng da nang Tuy vay,
trffdc kM tid'n banh le ciu ngff eua ea ldng
khoang 15 - 30 ngay, mdi gia dinh thffdng
chpn ngay tdt lam Id cung tai thuyln T h d
gian ffiln ra l l cau ngff tbttdng trong
khoang 1 ngay, ndu l l ciu ngff ldn vide
ehuin bi da ffien ra trffdc dd hang thang,
tff vide hpp dan lang tbanh Idp ban hdnh
le, cat ddt cdng •vide mua sam Id vat dang
eung tdi Iuyen tap dpi dua thuyln, nhac Id
Do tfnh chat tMeng Ueng va sff ngffdng
vpng Clia van chai ddi v d cdc •vi thuy than,
ndn nhflhg ngffdi dffge ehpn hanh Id phai
hdi du cdc tidu chuan sau: trong saeh ve
pbim chat vd dffe hanh; cd uy tm, tffdng
mao vd Meu bid't; lam an thdnh dat; lam
nghi gidi; kbdng phai chiu tang, vtf cbdng
song todn, hda htfp; con cdi ngoan ngoan;
khdng bi khuyd't tat
Le hgi cau ngff d Mai Gia Phffdng tid'n
hanh vdo thang 8 vi day la t h d d i m ddnh
b i t cd tdm dffgc nMlu n h i t trong ndm,
ngu ddn d ddy cd tbudng ndi mdn cd nam
khdng bdng trd xdm thdng 8 Ttt ehap td'i
5/8, ban hdnh Ie eflng dai ffien eua van
thuyln da chuan bi trau rugu, nhang den,
vdng bae den mid'u thd bd Thuy, mieii cdng
ddng de tien hinh ngM Id thinh (rUdc) cde
ngdi d cdc n d v l bdng quang de du Id
Sdng sdm 6/8 khodng 5 gid sdng vide eung Id bfit diu b i n g vide ehu te' hay tnfdng van vao thap hfftfng, dang trd nffde tai bin
thd d bang quang vd dang, cung Id mdn b
mieii cd hon Le v§t ngodi tiln vdng cdn cfl
2 heo, 2 ga, hai vit, cdc loai rau vd ll man thuy san nhff: cd nffdng, cua ha'p, mffc xda., mdi Ioai thffdng cd 2 ffia/bdt vi ngff ddn chi cung l l mdn d mid'u cd hon 1 lan trong nam
vi thd' vffa cflng dang vtta eung ta Cdc mfln
Id man citog bao gdm san pham cua dia, son vd thuy (dat, ritog va nffde) Sau khi eung, l i n Iffgt rdt 3 t u i n nJtfu ddng len, ddi hfftfng chdy hd't l i y t i l n vdng, quin do ben tba, bdn ddt Tha dffd nffdc d l gffi eho ba Thuy, dng Chai va cac vi thiiy t h i n dUdi
nffdc; ddt la gffi cho bd Sem, ong Qujf vk
nhitog vi t h i n linh tren can Nhflhg ndm ldm le ciu ngff Idn, cdc ngif dan tbudng t l ehffe dua thuyen Sau phan cung t l vd thu IS vide dua thuyln bit diu dffge tid'n hdnh v d nMlu Iffgt (trdo) Lffgt dua d i u tien gpi la trao tdm, ca Tat ca edc thuyln dua tie'n hanh ngM thffc cheo thuyen de thinh (Ifiy) tdm, ed treo trdn cdt ciia hai diu ve dffa vdo bdng quai^
de thap hfftfng vi muc ffich ciia eude dua thuyln la eiu eho ngff dan ddnh b i t dUtfc nMlu tdm, ca Tie'p de'n la dua thuyln lay giai tbudng ggi Id trdo giai Giai nhat la mam trau rffgu; nM Id nun hffffng (h^p httffng), bao thudc dau lgc; tff giai ba, tff trd ffi Id bao thud'c dau lgc
Giai dua cud'i citog la giai phffdn, s l iugng phudn bfing sd thuyln dua Giai ndy
cM dua mdt lan, ede phffdn dfftfc trao theo
Trang 8Phffdn n h a t dffgc dffa ve c i m g i n mid'u thd
ciia xdm de mang lai may m i n cho mgi
ngffd
Vide to chffc dua thuyen n h i m dem lai
m i m vui cho mgi ngffd, ddng t h d cung gffi
gam mong ffdc, n i l m tin cua cdc n ^ dan
t d cdc vi thfin linh ve mdt •vu mua danh
b i t lffd ndng, cd diy Nhflhg xdm, t l dua
ndo doat giai n h a t dffgc tin rfing ndm dd
hg sd lam dn thu^n lgi, may mfin
Ltfi k e t
NMn mdt cdch tong t h i , viec to chffc
cflng le trong l l td't, l l hdi vd ngM l l cua
cae eff dan thuy didn d Ha Long, Quang
Ninh vd d i m phd Tam Giang - Ciu Hai,
Thtta Thidn Hud' dd ed sff vdn dpng, bie'n
dli so v d truyin thd'ng bdi sff thay d l i mdi
trudng sd'ng, nhitog tde ddng cua qud trinh
dd thi hda cflng v d sff b i l n d l i cua xd hdi
Trong bdi eanh edc ngff ddn chuyen len bd
sinh song, vi$c tMch flhg, hda nh^p v d edc
cff ddn trdn ddt Uln Id dilu tdt yd'u b d vdy
cac hinh thai tbffc hdnh tin ngudng cua
cgng ddng ngff ddn eung dd cd sff thay dli
theo xu hffdng hda ddng Se khdng cbn
nMeu sff khde bidt giffa eff ddn ngff ngMdp
vd ndng ngM$p, mdt sd' nhu cau hdm ehffa
trong dd cd the se thay dli cung v d sff tid'n
trien cua xa bdi, qua bieu Mpn khdc nhau
gifla cde t i n g ldp ctt ddn biln Thd' he ngtt
ddn ldn tuli nhitog ngUd dd tffhg sdng tren
thuyln, trai qua nMlu khd khdn, chitog
kiln nMeu rui ro, mat mdt tadn biln vd
dam pha, hg t m vdo sU tde dpng, anh bffdi^
eiia thd' g i d tam Unh vi the mudn duy tri
cdc ngM Ii theo truyin thing T b i he ngffd
trung m e n cd t h d gian n g i n sdng trdn
thuyln va cde thd' hd thanh men sinb ra vd ldn ldn tren bd, t r o i ^ nhan thttc, quan nidm ciia hg v l thd atog td tidn, t l chffc ede ngM le cd tilp nhan nMeu yd'u td^ cua cff ddn ndng ngMep nhff ffi tao mg, ffi le ehua, dat l l den (tiln mat) Tuy nMdn, do cac
t b i he citog chung sdng dffd mdt mdi nha, trong mdi trffdng bien ea ndn vide tiep thu
va ke tue cac sinh boat t m ngffdng dffpc tbffc Men mdt edeh ed chgn lgc theo tinh
thin cd thd co thiing, cd kiing co Umh de
cd dffgc eude sdng binh an, thinh vffgng Vi vay, d d sd'ng van hda cdng dong, eac gid tri vdn hda tin ngffdng t n ^ l n tbong Uen quan
d i n bien, ngffd va ca se van dUtfe life gidf va phdt t r i l n thdng qua cac Id eflng mflng nam
m d , gid chap Id cau ngff,/
T A I U E U T H A M K H A O
1 Ld Duy Dai (chu bidn - 2013), Cu d&n mgt nudc d sdng Huang vd vung ddm phd Tam Giang-Cau Hai tinh ThUa Thiin-Hui, Nxb
KHXH, Hd Noi
2 Cao Dflc Binh - Hoang Qudc Thai (dong
chfl bidn - 2010), Di sdn v&n hoa ldng chdi uinh Hg Long, Sd Vdn hda, Thi thao
vd Du lieh Qudng Ninh
3 Nguygn Duy TMgu, (2003), Cdc cdng dong tigu ddn thuy cU d vdng biin Viit Nam
Tap cM Nghign cife Ddng Nam A, sd 6 Hd Noi
4 Ngd Dflc Thinh (ehu bien-2000), Vdn hoa
ddn gian ldng ven bHn, Nxb Van hda Dan
tdc, Ha Ndi
5 Tran Dai Vinh, 2006, Tin ngudng ddn gian