cdc khia canh nhdn thdc vi sU cdng bang trong ddnh gid thuc hien cong viec tai cdc doanh nghiep Hd Noi mdi dat d mtic tren trung binh vd xep theo thii tu quan trong giam ddn bao gom: N
Trang 1Nhan thiJc ve su" cong bang
trong danh gia thi/c hien
cong viec tai cac doanh nghiep
Ha Noi
Tom tat
Nghien cdu duac tien hanh bang phuong phdp dinh lucfng vdi mdu khao sdt gom 630 doanh
nghiep tren dia bdn Hd Ndi Ket qud cho thay cdc khia canh nhdn thdc vi sU cdng bang trong
ddnh gid thuc hien cong viec tai cdc doanh nghiep Hd Noi mdi dat d mtic tren trung binh vd
xep theo thii tu quan trong giam ddn bao gom: Nhdn thdc cdng bdng trong mdi quan hi giita
ngudi qudn ly vd ngUdi lao ddng; Nhdn thdc cdng bang ve ket qud, Nhdn thifc si^ cdng hang
vi thdng tin; Nhdn thiic cdng hang ve quy trinh ddnh gid thUc hien cdng viec Dong thdi cdc
khia canh Nhdn thdc ve sU cdng bang trong ddnh gid thUc hien cdng viec cd mdi quan he tUOng
quan vdi mot sd ye'u id thudc ve cd nhdn ngUdi lao dong vd td chiic
Tii khoa: cdng hdng trong tochdc, ddnh gid ihifc hien cdng viec, nhdn thdc, doanh nghiep
Summary
The research uses quantitative method with a sample of 630 enterprises in Ha Noi The results
show ihal perceived aspects of fairness in peifonnance appraisal in these enterprises are
above average and ranks in descending order of importance including- Perceived fairness
in the relationship between manager and employee; Perceived fairness in results; Perceived
fairness in information Perceived fairness work process asses.snient At the same lime, the
perceptions of equity in performance appraisal are correlated with severed factors belonging
lo individual workers and organizalions
Keywords: equity in organization, performance appraisal, perception, enterprise ^
o GlCfl THIEU vifc cd ihach thifc Idn irong cdng lac quan ly ciia mdi id
chu'c Thuc le'cho thay, thachthiJc Idn nhat cho cac nha Ngay nay, cac to chu'c nhan ihdc cang quan ly nhan life khi difa ra va ap dung mdt he thdng
rd rang hdn vai lid cua ngudn nhan life danh gia Ihifc hien cdng viec la lam the nao de ngu'di
trong viec lao dung ldi the' canh iranh lao ddng hai long vdi he thdng diinh gia ihUc hien cdng
Do dd, cac id chu'c can quan tam den viec dd va dan de'n nhiTng hiinh ddng lich cUc, lU eiac
viec xay difng va ap dung cac chinh sach irong viec Ihifc hien he Ihd'ng danh gia mdt each day
hen quan de'n quan ly ngudn nhan life dii va hieu qua
nham thu hiit va giif chan nhifng ngifdi Tuy nhien, nidi he Ihd'ng danh 2.\d Ihu'c hicn cdn^
tiii phuc \u cho id chifc cua minh, Ly viec va Iheo dd la cac quyd'l dinh cd hen quan de'n
thuye't nhan thifc ve sif cdng bang irong quyen ldi cua ngUdi lao ddng ludn la nhifng quyet dinh
(dchi'fc dUOc dug dung chii ye'u tiong ITnh vd ciing kho khiin dd'i vdi cac nha quan In bdi \i ho
vifc quan In nhan life Diic biel la Irong ludn dd'i dien vdi nhieu trd ngai lif phia nhan vien dac
nhay cam cao anh hu'dng de'n Idi ich ciia cac quyet dinh dd Do dd, viec ih;i'u hieu nhan ihifc nay
nhieu ngUdi lao ddng irong tdchdc nhif ciia nhan vien \'a difa ra nhifng quye'l dmh, chinh sach
luyc'n dung, chi tra i:>a\ hi nhifng linh dai difdc vii duy tri Idi the canh tranh ben viTiig Bin
• ThS TrUdng Dai hoc Lao dong • Xa hoi I Emaih haoulsa@gmail com
Ni:ay nhdn hai 20/03/2017: !\^d\ phdn hien /0/05/2OI7 A',i,',a dnyculdn'^ 17/05/2017
Trang 2viet v§n dung ly thuye't nhan thiJc ve cdng bang trong
to chiJc nham danh gia sii nhin nhSn cua ngu'di lao dpng
ve cac khia canh cdng bang irong hoat ddng danh gia
thUc hien cdng viec tai cac doanh nghiep Ha Ndi va dUa
ra mdt sd' giai phap nham gitip cac doanh nghidp cd sU
thay iadi trong danh gia cdng vide cua cac nhSn vien
c a sd LY THUYET VA PHl/ONG PHAP
NGHIEN COu
Co sd ly thuye't
Theo Greenberg (1987), cdng bang trong td chu'c cd
lien quan dd'n each thiJc ma nhan vien xac dinh xem ho
da dUdc ddi xiJ cdng bang trong cdng viec hay chu'a va
each thdc ma nhiTng quyet dinh difdc difa ra anh hifdng
de'n cac ke't qua hanh vi trong td chu'c
Theo Al-Zu'bi (2010), cdng bang trong id chifc |a
each thdc ma nhan vien nhan thiJc ve sif cdng bang cua
nhiTng gi xii'ng dang nhan du'dc va nhffng gi ho thi/c sU
nhan dUOe tif td chu'c
Tif quan die'm ve cdng blng trong td chu'c tren, cd
nhieu quan diem khac nhau ve cac khia canh nhan thdc
ve cdng b'ang trong td ehiTc Tuy nhien, theo quan diem
cua Colquitt (2001), Al-Zu'bi (2010), thi cdng bang trong
td chiic bao gdm: cdng b'ang ve Ihu tuc; cdng trong bang
phan phd'i; cdng biing trong dng xit giifa ngUdi quan ly
va nhan vien va cdng bang ve thdng tin Quan diem nay
da nhan dUdc sif ian dong cua nhieu nha nghien ciiYi tren
Ihe'gidi ve tinh hoan thien va day du nha't cua nghien
ciiXi ve cdng bang irong id chiTe Trong dd:
Greenberg (1987) va Bayles (1990) cho rang, cdng
bang ve thii tuc lii nhan thdc eiia nhan vien ve tinh
cdng bang cua cac quy tile va cac thiJ tuc dieu chinh
mdt qua trinh Nhan vien nhan Ihdc la cd sif cdng bang
khi dUOe ngUdi quiin ly cung ca'p diiy dii Ihdng tin ve
cac quy trinh, thii tuc vii lao cd hdi cdng biing trong
viec ddng gdp y kic'n hen quan de'n cac quye'l dmh
Theo Alsalem va Alhaiani (20071, cdng bang trong
phan phd'i la sif nhan thi'fc cdng biing ve nhifng ke'l qua
mil nhan vicn nhan dUiic tif id chiJc cu thi; la cdng
bang ve cac ket qua lien quan de'n den lUdng sif cdng
nhan, phan liiudng
Bies {2001) difa ra cdng bang trong dng xif giiTa
ngUdi qudn ly va nhan vien Li nhan Ihu'c ve sU Idn
tiong \a linh dung da'n irong each i'fng xif cua ngUdi
quiin l\ ddi \di nhan vien Cu lhe\ cdng bSng irong i'fng
u'ng \i'f liong qua Irinh ban hanh \a Ihifc hien cac ihii
lue chinh Ihii'c ciia id chifc
Colquui (20(11 ) cho King, udng biing \ e thdng tin
hcnquandciiMLx uip iiiiiig viio giai ihich vii cung"c;1'p
cho nhftii \icn vc ly do lai sao Ihii luc dUdc sii dum:
Iheo mdt c.ich niio do hoac lai sao ke'l quii lai difdc
phim phdi nhU\ay irong mdt thdi gian nha't dinh
_ I \ ihuyOl cdng bang uong id chifc dii cung cap mdt
nen umg \ ifng chiic cho \ lec guii thich vii niing cao sU
nhan ihifc ciia ngifdi km ddng vc su cone biing lions
danh gia ihifc hien cdniz \ lec
tha'y r^ng, trong viec danh gia Ihu'c hi$n cdng viec, va'n de quan trong nha't mgl
to chu'c phai ddi mat la nhan thiJc ve sif cdng bang vdi hd thd'ng danh gia thi/c hidn cdng viec cua td chu'c Murphy va
Cleveland (1991) lap luan rSng, danh gii
IhUc hidn cdng viec la khdng cdn hieu qua trif khi nhiTng ngu'di dang su* dung qua tnnh nhan ihu'c he thd'ng nay cd sU cdng bang
Phiidngphdp nghien ciiu
Nghien ciTu thuc hien phu'dng phap dinh lu'dng thdng qua sd'lidu khao sa£ vdi
603 ngu'di lao ddng chuyen mdn (tif vi iri quan ly cap trung trd xud'ng) hien dang
dia ban Ha Ndi Thdi gian nghien ciJu itf thang 03/201(5 den Ihang 08/2016 Tac gia sif dung thang do cac thanh phan nhan thdc ve sU cdng bang trong danh gia thUc hien cdng viec nhUsau: Cng xiJ giiTa ngUdi quan ly va ngifdi lao ddng trong danh gia thUc hien cdng viec: UX.DGTHCV
Quy trinh/thu tuc danh gia thUc hien cdng viec: QTDGTHCV
Ke'l qua danh gia thUc hien cdng viec: KQ.DGTHCV
Thdng dn trons danh gia thUc hien cdng viec: TT.DGTHCV
Sau khi thu thap dii so'phie'u theo yeu cau, nhdm nghien CLTU da Hen hanh lam sach phieu, nhap phieu va chay phan mem SPSS
KET QUA NGHIEN CLfU Ket qua kiem dinh do tin c|y bang he so'Cronbach's Alpha cho iha'y, cac thang
do deu dam bao dd lin cay (Bang 1) Ket qua phan tich nhan id kham pha (EFA) cac ihang do thanh phan nhan thi'fc ve sif cdng bang^cho tha'y: he sd KMO Idn (0,961) lil dieu kien du de phan tich nhan id Vdi eigenvalue Idn hdn l,cd4nhrin tddUdcnii
ra nhif mong d(<i giai thich dUdc 52.341% bie'n ihicn cua diJ lieu He sd lai nhan to cho thay cac Ihang do cd dd ke't dinh cao trong viec giai Ihich cho cac nhan id Qua ke't quii Bang 2, cd Ihe ndi rang nhan thdc ve sUcdng bang Irong danh gia llufc hien cdng viec ciia ngifdi lao ddng Irong cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban Hii Ndi mdi dat d mifc tren irung binh Trong
dd, nhim thi'fc cdng bang liong mdi quan
he giTfa ngUdi tiuan ly va ngUdi lao dpng liong diinh gni thuc hien cdng \iec dai
28
Trang 33,77); Nh&n thdc ve s\i cdng bang ve ke't
qud danh gia thiic hidn cdng viec xep d
vi tri thiJ hai (trung blnh dat d mu'c 3,68)
Tie'p theo la nhan thdc ve sif cdng bang
ve thdng tin trong danh gia thuc hien cdng
vi$c xep d vi tri thtJ 3 (trung binh dat d
mu'c 3,67) va xep d cud'i ciing la nhan ihu'c
cdng bang ve quy trinh danh gia thifc hien
cdng viec (trung binh dat d mlJc 3,61)
Ket qua phan tich sd' lidu d Bang 2
cung cho tha'y cac thanh phan nh^n Ihu'c
ve sif cdng bang trong danh gia thifc hien
cd md'i quan he tUdng quan vdi nhau ra't
chat che (deu dat tren 50%)
Qua ke't qua phan tich d Bang 3, cd
4 phUdng trinh hdi quy difdc tinh loan
cho 4 bie'n phu thudc la: Nhdn thiTc ve sU
cdng bang trong itng xif giila ngUdi quan
ly va ngudi lao ddng, NhSn ihu'c ve sU
cdng bang ve thdng tin, Nhan ihu'c cdng
bang ve quy trinh va Nhan ihu'c cdng
bang vl kd't qua, cho tha'y cd 3 md hinh
cd y nghia thd'ng ke Cu the:
Ke't qua kiem djnh ANOVA tif SPSS
cho tha'y cd sU khac biet ciia nhan ihu'c
ve sU cdng bang ve quy trinh danh gia
th\jc hien cdng viec giiJa lao ddng nam
dd, chung ta cd the ke't luan la cd sif khac
nhau giiTa lao ddng nam va lao ddng niT
Kiem dinh sU khac biel nhan thifc ve
sif cdng bang irong mdi quan he ffng xif
trong danh gia thUc hien cdng viec giila
cac nhdm tudi ciia ngu'di lao ddng mdc
y nghia P-value < 0,05 d dd tin cay 95%
Nen cd the ke't luan rang cd sU khac biei
cd y nghia Ihd'ng ke ve nhiin Ihu'c ve sU
cdng bang trong i'fng xifgiiTa ngifdi quiin
ly vdi ngifdi lao ddng trong danh gui thifc
hien cdng viec giUa ngUdi lao ddng thudc
cac nhdm tudi khac nhau
p = 0,022 < 0,05 cho thify khac biel
nhan Ihu'c ve sU cdng bang ve ke'l qua
danh gia ihUc hicn cdng viec giiTa cac
loai hinh doanh nghiep cdng tac ciia
ngudi lao ddng Do dd, chiing la cd the
ke't luan lii nhan ihifc sif cdng bang ve
ket qua danh gia ihUc hien cdng \ iec cd
su khac nhau giffa cac loai hinh tloanh
nghiep cdng lac ciia ngUdi lao ilpng
Bic'n nhan thi'fc \ e sU cdng biing ve ihdng
lin khdng cd y nghia ihd'ng ke
Nhif \"riy cd the ndi rang, cac khia
canh nhan thdc cdng bang trong danh
gia ihifc hien cdng \ lec cd anh hifdng
bdi cdc veil Id thudc \ e naifdi lao ddntz
1 Cdng b ^ n g v l | C 6 n g b S n g vi
| T T , D G ' r a C v | Q T , D G T H C
S ^ b i e n q u a n s a l Phirang sal trich
E i g e n v a l u e
C r o n b a c h ' A l p h a
10
4 2 , 2 3 7
1 2 7 2 2
0 , 9 1 8
6
5 , 1 5 7 1,962
0 , 8 8 3
C d n g b ^ n g v l
K Q J I G T H C V
4
2 , 8 8 1 1,268
0 , 8 5 2
C d n g b i n g v l
I I X B G T H C V
3
2 , 0 6 6 1,031
0 , 8 4 6
N = 603, Phiroiig phap riit trich: Piincipal axis factoring; PhiftJng ph.ip xoay nhSn lo: Promax with Kaiser Norraalizalion
BANG 2: TRGNG BINH, DO LECH CHGAN VA HE SO TCTdNG QGAN
CCIA CAC NHAN TO NGHIEN CdU
S T T
1
2
3
4
N h a n t o '
Su c o n g b a n g v e U X
t r o n g D G T H C V
S u c o n g b a n g v e X T
t r o n g D G T H C V
S u ' c o n g b a n g v ^ Q T
i r o n g D G T H C Sif c o n g b a n g v e K Q trong B G T H C V
T r u n g binh
3.77
3,67
3,61
3,68
DO I € c h c h u a n
0 6 2 9 4 1
0 , 6 4 6 4 7
0 , 6 2 3 4 4
a6.'S753
1
'
0 , 7 6 6 "
0 , 6 0 8 "
0 , 6 3 1 "
2
1
0 , 6 6 6 "
0 6 3 r *
3
1
0 , 6 9 6 "
4
I
BANG 3: KIEM DINH HOI QUY TCfdNG QUAN GltfA CAC NHAN TO Vdl CAC THANH PHAN NHAN THCfC VE SCf CONG BANG TRONG DANH GlA THCTC HIEN CONG VIEC
N h a n t o ' c a n h a n Gidi linh Fuoi
H o c van
Vl Iri cong lac
F h a m m e n cong Uic
N h a n l a ' t o c h i l e Lodi hinh doanh nghiep Atljusied
R-F m o d e l
C o n g b h n g v l
U X D G T H C V
- O , 0 5 5 "
0 , 1 2 2 "
0 0 5 9 * "
- 0 0 0 8 - "
0 , 0 4 6 '
0.136"
0.042
4 , 3 9 8
C 6 n g b a n g v e
T T D G T H C V
-O.O.S.^"
0 0 S 7 "
-0 -0 1 9 " '
0 0 1 7 - '
- 0 , 0 0 2 " "
0 I 1 2 '
0 , 0 2 3 "
2,3 2_V
C o n g b a n g v e
Q ' r D G T H C
-0.0K.5
o o 4 r •• -0.01 r ""
- 0 0 1 6 ' "
O.iOO
0 1 4 8 '
0 0 3 7 "
3.828
C o n g b a n g v e
K Q D G T H C V
- 0 1 0 3 "•
0 , 0 4 6 " •• 0,10.^""
0 , 0 3 6 " '
0 , 0 0 3 " "
0 , 1 1 6 ••
0 0 3 2
-3 -3 -3 4 &#-34; '
^p< 0,000; •"p< 0.001,
vii to chi'fc Cu Ihe, co 3 hong 4 khia canh nhan thi'fc
ve sif cong biing trong danh gui thifc hien cong viec la
Cong bang trong ifng xif giffa ngiftli quan !y vdi ngifdi lao dong, Cong bang trong quy Irinll diinh gia thifc hien cong viec va Cong biing ve Ice't qua diinh gui thifc hien cong viec chiu linh hifdng co y nghTa bi'ii ciic veil to thuoc \ e ngifdi lao dong va to cliLfc
KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHj Tif ket quii nghien ci'fu ti en chiing 161 cho 1 iliig cic nhii quan ly lai cac doanh nghiep Ircil dia bim Hit ,N6i can rii soat mot CiSch nghiem liic phan lich ciic khia canh nhan thi'fc ^ e sif cong biing ciia nmfOi lao dona dd'i
29
Trang 4v e c a c k h i a c a n h : q u y t n n h , thii tuc d a n h gia k e t q u i
thifc h i e n c o n g v i e c , x a c dinh ke't q u a d a n h gia thiTc
ngiTcfi lao d o n g va ngtfdi q u a n ly v e chinh sach d a n h
gia thiTc h i e n c o n g viec trong to chu'c T r e n c d s6 d o , d e
xua't c a c giai p h a p h o a n t h i e n chinh s a c h d a n h gia thiic
h i e n c o n g v i e c cua c a c d o a n h n g h i e p n h a m n a n g c a o
n h a n thiJc v e su' c o n g b a n g cua ngu'di lao d o n g trong
d a n h gia thiJc M e n c o n g v i e c Tii dd l a m gia t a n g mu'c
d o h a i l o n g c u a ngifdi lao d o n g do'i vdi h e thd'ng d a n h
gia c u a to chUc, c u n g nhii cai thien va n a n g c a o k e t
q u a thifc h i e n c o n g v i e c c u a ngu'di lao d o n g trong c a c
d o a n h n g h i e p H a N o i
N h a m n a n g c a o n h a n thiJc v e sif c o n g b a n g trong
d a n h gia ihu'c h i e n c o n g v i e c c u a ngifdi l a o d o n g tai
c a c giai p h a p sau:
Thd nhd't, t a o lap mot m o i tru'dng c o n g b a n g , c o n g
khai v e m a t chinh sach, quy trinh, thu tuc d e d a m b a o
tinh k h a c h q u a n trong d a n h gia Ihu'c hien c o n g v i e c
thong qua thie't lap cac k e n h g i a o tie'p hai c h i e u d e c h o
p h e p n h a n vien co cd hoi difdc cung c a p d a y du thong
tin, g i a m sat cac thu tuc, quy trinh ra q u y e t dinh va x a c
dinh ket qua danh gia thifc hien cong viec cd h e n q u a n
trifc tiep dS'n cong viec va q u y e n ldi cua ngifdi lao d p n g
Thii hai, thiTdng x u y e n trao ddi, t h a o l u a n , t a o cd
hoi d e n h a n vien b a y to q u a n d i e m h o a c tham gia d e
d a y d u v e c d c tliu t u c , q u y t r i n h va quygi
d i n h li6n q u a n d e n d a n h g i a thifc hifin
c o n g v i e c c u a ngu'di l a o d 6 n g , tiidd gidp
h o c a m n h S n difdc dd'i xil c o n g bing
n h i e u h d n
Thti ba, x a y difng v a n h d a to' chiJc va
ddi m d i p h o n g e a c h lanh d a o c u a dpi ngu
c a n b p q u a n ly, q u a n h e giu'a c a c c a p lanh
d a o va ngu'di l a o d d n g D o n g thdi, nang
c a o n h a n thiJc c u a ngifdi lao d p n g v^ not quy c u a to chu'c va sir c a n thiet phai xay du'ng b a u k h o n g k h i than t h i e n , hda hdp, ton trong, h i e u b i e t 13n n h a u giu'a nhiJng ngu'di lao d p n g trong to chu'c
Thd tu, x a y difng, h o a n thien quy
trinh p h a n tich c o n g v i e c d a n h gia nhan
v i e n va ket q u a c o n g v i e c cua ho moi Ciich c h i n h x a c dat c d sd c h o viec tuye'n
d u n g , bo' tri su" d u n g n h a n v i e n phu hdp vdi n a n g Ii/c, s 6 tru'dng va x e m xet den
n g u y e n v o n g cua h p , d d n g thdi cai thien
c h e dd p h a n phd'i lifPng, ihu'dng, phuc Idi tUdng xii'ng vdi su" d d n g gdp va ke'l
q u a thifc h i e n c o n g v i e c c u a ho khi so chiJc h o a c c a c c o n g viec lu'dng tif tai cac
to chu'c k h a c Q
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O
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P e r c e i v e d F a i r n e s s in P e r f o r m a n c e Appraisal and O r g a n i z a t i o n a l Cili/.cnship B e h a v i o r in Ihe
B a n k i n g Sector of Pakistan t h e M e d i a t i n g Role of O r g a n i z a t i o n a l C o m m i t m e n l International
Journal of Management and Innovation, 5.2, (2013) 75-8S
2 Alsalem, M & A l h a i a m , A (2007) Relation.ship between Organizational Jimice and
Employees Performance A l e d a r i , (108) 9 7 - 1 1 0
3 A l - Z u ' b i , H A (2010) A Study of R e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n Or-ianizalional Justice and Job
Satistaciion, International Journal of Business and Managemeni Vol 5, N o l 102-109
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A c a d e m i c Publishers
5 B i e s R.J, (20011 Interactional justice: The sacred and the profdne A d \ a n c e s in orsanizational
j u s t i c e S.-I-108
6 Bretz R D Mllko^ich G, T and R e a d W ( I 9 9 2 | , T h e C u n c n i Suite of Performance
'll^^''''^'^] ^ s ' " " " ' ' ' ' ' """"^ Practice- C o n c e r n s D i r e c l i o n a n d Implicalimis Journal Of Managemeni
7 Colquitt J,A (20011 On the d i m e n s i o n a l i l ) of o r o a i i i / a l i o n a l j u s i i c : A cnnsIrucMalidaiion
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, ^ , , ^ ' f " 9 ^ ' V ^"' ^^'^^'^ '^^"^""«"i> of o r g a n i / a i i o n a l j u s t i c e IIKMHICS, , U ademvoj Management
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