Nguyin nhdn sdu xa chdng nhUng xuat phdt tir chdt luang ddo tgo khdng ddp Ung duac nhu cdu cua xd hpi md cdn do cdc sinh viin dd nhdn dinh khdng ddng sd thich cua minh trong viic chpn lu
Trang 1CHON NGflNH CHQN NGHE PHU HOP
I H O QUOC D t r c (*)
TOM TAT
Cdc sinh vien tdt nghiip Dgi hpc Cao ddng vdi tdm bdng cd nhdn trong tay, thdm chi logi khd, logi gidi, cdng gap khd khdn trong khi xin viec ldm hay thdt nghiip da trd thdnh mdt hien trgng phd bUn trong thdi gian gdn day Nguyin nhdn sdu xa chdng nhUng xuat phdt tir chdt luang ddo tgo khdng ddp Ung duac nhu cdu cua xd hpi md cdn do cdc sinh viin dd nhdn dinh khdng ddng sd thich cua minh trong viic chpn lua nghe nghiip cua bdn thdn Vi thi, chinh bdn thdn cdc sinh vien edn phdi xdc dinh dupe niim dam me, sd thich cua bdn thdn di tii dd dua ra su chpn lua ddng ddn cho nghe nghiep vd cdng viic tuang lai cua minh
Tur khda: Viec ldm, sinh viin ky ndng, hudng nghiep, cdng viec
SUMMARY
It has been popular in recent years that bachelors even with merit certifications have met difficulties to find out suitable jobs or become unemployed The main reasons may originate from not only non-fit between education quality and social needs but also faulty choices for tastes and careers from students Therefore, students themselves need to identify their hobbies or interests to choose their future work and careers properly
Key words: job, student, skill, career guidance, work
1 Dat \kn dk
Da tii lau dng cha ta dd cd nhung
quan diem rat ro rang vd dung dan ve
cdc ngdnh nghe trong xd hgi va nhung
ddng gdp ciing nhu vai trd cua chung
ddi vdi cude sdng trong tdng giai dogn
cu thd cua xa hdi CJ thdi dgi phong
kien, do bi dnh hudng ldn tu tu tudng
Nho giao vd quan niem thu bdc sang
hen, nen cdng viec dugc xdp hgng td
"Cdng - Hdu - Khanh - Tudc; ST
Ndng Cdng Thuang; Ngu Tieu
-Canh - Muc" Dugc gpi la cac nghd
nhung thyc sy dd chi la sy xdp hgng cdc
thu bdc giai cdp trong xa hpi phong
kien Rdi sau dd, ddn cudi thd ky 19 vd
ddu thd ky 20, thdi ky chidn tranh chdng
Thuc dan Phap va Dd qudc My, chd do
phong kien bi lat dd, cdc thu bgc ngdnh
nghd lgi thay ddi, ngudi ta lai xdp cdc
nhdm nganh nghe chinh trong xa hdi theo thu tu: "Nhdt Y, nhi Dugc, tam dugc Bdch Khoa, Su Phgm bd qua" Ro rang trong tung thdi diem khdc nhau, quan diem cua xa hgi se thay ddi theo thdi gian Va mgt didu chdc rang nhirng quan diem do da tac ddng rat ldn den he
tu tudng, cung nhu muc dich phdn dau phat tridn cua nhidu thd he thanh nien trong viec phdn ddu chpn lya myc dich tuong lai cua ban than hp
2 Quan diem va xu the hirdng nghiep trong thdi dai mdi
Tuy nhien, trong thdi dgi kinh te xa hpi phat trien nhu ngdy nay, nen kinh te thd gidi dugc xem nhu Id mdt nen "kinh
td phdng" Cac khai nidm ve bidn gidi chi cdn cd y nghia vd mat dia ly trdn bdn dd Vdi xu hudng todn edu hda ngdy
Trang 2Tu vdn huang nghiep nhdm chon ngdnh nghe phit hpp- dnh Hgc sinh Trudng THPT Tdn Tru
cdng ldn, cdc cdng vide ngdy nay dugc
ddi hdi khdc khe hon, ky ludng ban
Chdng han nhu: cac sinh vien, hgc sinh
ngdy nay dugc ddo tao khdng chi ve
kien thiic chuyen mdn ma cdn cd cac
kien thiic phu va ky nang di kem Vi du
nhu mdt sinh vien nganh Dugc, ngoai
nhung kien thuc chuyen nganh ra hp cdn
cdn dugc dao tgo ve anh van, tin hpc
hay ky ndng giao tiep, ky nang ban hang
v.v Bdi mgt didu dan gidn, neu chi
dugc hpc vd chuydn mdn, mgt dugc sy
khdng the nao theo kip sy phdt trien cua
xa hdi, vi khdng thd tham khdo hay hgc
hdi cac kien thuc mdi td cdc tai lieu
nudc ngoai khi khdng cd nhung kidn
thdc nhat dinh vd anh van hay tin hpc
Rdi hg cdn can cd cac ky nang bdn hang
vd dam phan dd cd the ban dugc san
pham khi ngdy nay cdc sdn phdm nganh
Duac rdt da dgng vd cd rdt nhidu nha
san xudt cho khdch hang chgn iya Ddy
la mdt vi du nhd dd chi ra sy cdn thidt
trong viec thay ddi tu duy ve cdng vi^c
Thuc sy cac quan didm ngdy xua cho den nay cung vdn cdn phdn gid tri thara khao cho mgi ngudi Ngudi xua nghT rdng "Nhat nghe tinh - Nhat than vinh" hay "mdt nghe cho chin cdn han chin nghe" Mac du dieu nay khdng cdn dung hoan toan khi ma cac thd he sau nay cd the Iam nhidu vide de tich luy thdt nhidu kinh nghiem, nhdm phuc vy cho kd hogch nghd nghidp tuong lai cua minh Mpt sinh vien hpc ve kinh te c6 the Idm vide phyc vy quan an, ban hang, hay thdm chi lam mdt gia su de tieh liiy kinh nghiem lam vide Thoat nhin so qua cd the chung khdng lidn quan ddn nhau vd tinh chat cdng vipc nhung neu sinh vien
dd cd the biet dugc cdi ma minh can dd hpc khi lam nhung edng vipc do thi chung se rdt hiru ich cho hg trong tuong lai Phuc vy qudn dn dem den cho sinh vien due tinh cdn than, cdn cu; ban hdng ren luydn su nhdn ngi, kha ndng thuydt phyc, ky nang giao tiep; hay vide lam gia su lgi ren luydn eho sinh vien kha
Trang 3sau nay khi kdt hgp hdt tdt ca cac kinh
nghiem tich luy dd lgi vdi nhau, chdc
chan rang sy thanh cdng d vai trd qudn
ly hay chu doanh nghiep se khdng khd
ddi vdi hp Tuy nhidn, ngdy nay viec
phan dau Ak "Nhdt than vinh" trong mgt
nghe minh da chgn ciing khdng cd gi la
khdng dung Thd nhung ngay nay nd can
dugc thay ddi, bd sung thdm mgt chut
Cac bac Thdy ndi tieng ngay xua nhu
Chu Vdn An, NguySn Binh Khiem,
Nguyen Dinh Chieu hay Le Quy Ddn
Ia nhirng tdm guang sdng dd eho cac thd
he ngay nay noi theo, hg da phan dau ca
ddi dd hgc tap nhung tridt ly tu ngudi
xua nhu tu tudng Nho gido hay Dgo
giao, rdn luydn nhan each sdng, nhan
each lam ngudi de truyen dat cho cdc
mdn sinh eua minh Ngay nay cdc nhd
giao, hp cd nhirng cai tien hon trong
phuang phap hpc vd day hgc Khdng
don thudn vdi sach, bang, but myc ma
cdn can cdc thidt bi hd trg khac nhu may
chieu, may vi tinh dd hgc sinh, sinh
vidn ed the tiep thu kien thdc tdt hon va
nhanh han Nganh su phgm ndi ridng vd
cac nganh nghd khac ndi chung, ngdy
nay can phdi hgc them nhidu kien thdc
vd ky nang hd trg khdc la mpt ydu can
tdt ydu cua xa hdi
Theo thdng ke cda Bd GD & DT, nam
2011 cd nudc cd gdn 6 3 % sinh vien that
nghiep vi thieu ky nang Day qua la mpt
kdt qua rdt ddng lo nggi va dang bdo
ddng Mdi nam cd nudc cd hon mgt
tridu sinh vidn tdt nghidp Dgi hpc, Cao
ddng va TCCN Thd nhung cd den 2/3
sd lugng sinh vien khdng tim dugc vide
lam hogc khdng di lam sau khi tdt
nghiep thi day thyc sy la mdt ganh ndng
cua ca xa hdi Cdc em dugc xa hdi, gia
dinh bao trg cho han 20 nam sinh hogt
vd di hgc, thd nhung sau 20 nam dd cdc
em lgi tiep tyc nhgn sy bdo trg do cua
gia dinh va xa hdi Nguyen nhan hodn todn khdng the do loi cho sy thieu nhdn thuc cua cdc em trong vide hgc tap va ren luyen ky ndng Ma dd la nguydn nhdn sau xa cua cd mdt he thdng td gia dinh, nhd trudng va xa hgi Ci cdc nudc tien tien, vide hgc hudng nghiep khi cdn
d bdc phd thdng dugc chu trgng rdt ldn, dugc xem nhu mdt mdn hpc chinh Chang hgn nhu d Canada, khi d bgc THCS cac em se dugc thyc tap hudng nghiep 3 - 4 budi mpt tudn de cung cd chuyen mdn cho cac nganh nghd ma cac
em da chgn cho tuang lai Cdn ldn den bdc trung hpc phd thdng, cdc em lgi hpc tap hudng nghidp nhieu hon khi cd den
3 - 4 thang de thyc tap tai cdc mdi trudng lam viec thich hgp Dieu dd that
dd hidu khi hpc het THPT cdc em cd dugc khd ddy du ky nang vd trinh dp chuyen mdn dd ldm nhung viec phu hgp vdi ban than Trdi vdi cac nudc phdt tridn, d Viet Nam sinh vien xem dgi hgc
Id con dudng duy nhat, cd gang hdt sue
dd dugc vao dai hpc Nhung khi cdc em sdp hodn tdt chuang trinh dgi hpc, phan ldn cac em lgi khdng thd trd ldi, khi dugc hdi cdc em se ldm gi va d dau sau khi ra trudng
Them mdt nguyen nhdn sau xa nua cua vide cdc em sinh vidn khdng the kidm dugc viec Idm khi ra trudng, vi hg
da khdng xac dinh nghe nghiep dung vdi ndng lyc vd sd thich cua ban than Vdo ndm 2013, Khi Bd trudng Bd GD&DT dua ra nhan xet ve vipc siet chat chi tidu tuydn sinh d cac khdi nganh kinh te, vi nhan sy thua d cdc khdi nganh ndy ldn, thi sinh vien Iai lya chpn cdc ngdnh ky thudt va su pham chdng hgn de xem nhu gidi phap an toan vd dn dinh cho tuang lai minh Thd nhung, sau 3 - 4 nam hgc tap cac em ra trudng se cd kha nang rat thdp dd kidm dugc vide lam, vi do
Trang 4khdng phdi nidm dam me that sy cua cac
em, cung nhu cac em khdng di sat thyc
td vide lam tuang lai cua minh Vi dy
chi tidu tuydn sinh vien cac ngdnh su
pham cua DH Su phgm Hd Ngi la 3.000
trong nam 2013, nhung theo mgt thdng
kd mdi ddy nhdt td Tmng tdm Kiem
dinh chat lugng giao due va khao thi, thi
trong sd sinh vidn tdt nghiep cua
Trudng nay cdc nam 2010, 2011, 2012
chi khodng 30% sinh vien cd viec Iam
hogc chuan hi cd viec lam Day Id didu
binh thudng khi md sd gido vidn moi
nam nghi vide do ve huu, chuyen
nganh Id rat it so vdi con sd cac cii
nhan su pham ra trudng
3 K i t luan Mac du vi^c chgn nganh vd vipc Idm cua sinh vien sau khi tot nghiep ddi hdi phdi ed mdt sy chung tay gdnh vac traeh nhiem chung cua cd cpng ddng bao gdm gia dinh, nha trudng va xa hgi Ngay td bay gid cac bgn sinh vien cd thd ty than minh thay ddi nhung tu duy, he tu tudng cua ban than, ty tin vao nhung sd thich dam me cua minh, dd tu dd vach ra cho ban than nhung myc dich phdn ddu thyc
sy cho tuang lai Cd nhu vgy cac ban mdi cd the "nhat than vinh" d khdng chi mdt nghe ma edn d tat ca mpi ITnh vyc
md cdc ban dam me vd ydu thich
Tdi lifu tham khdo [1] Friedman, T (2005) The world is fiat: a brief history ofthe twenty-first century,
1st ed New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
[2] Kim Ngan (2012),65 % sinh viin thdt nghiep chdt luang gido dgc cd vdn di?,
giaoduc.net.vn chuyen muc Giao due 24h ngdy 20/9/2012, xem ngay 31/11/2013 Ngay nhdn: 21/10/2013
Ngay duy^t dang: 24/12/2013
^Esss^s^mm