Ket qud udc lupng cho thiy cac y^u tfl nhu hg trp kinh phi d l hoc nghi viec ^ thfim sau khi bi thu hoi ddt, trinh dp hoc v ^ cua chfl hp, hS Uu vay v6n dl san xult kinh doanh, tham gia
Trang 1G U I PHAP N A N G C A O T H U N H ^
CHO NGlTcn NONG DAN VtiNG BI THU H 6 I OAT
TREN BIA BAN H U Y | : N PHU LlTOWG, TINH THAI NGUYEN
Ngnyln Thj Thn Thmmg*, Bfli Ddc Linh
Tnrdng Dai hoc Kinh te A Quan trj kinh doanh - DH Thai Nguyen
TOMTAT
Bdi Viet Sd dung phuong phap binh phuong nho nhit (OLS) d6 uoc Iuong ra6 hmh h6i quy nham xdc dinh cdc ygu to anh hudng den thu nhgp cda h6 nong dan vflng bj thu h6i dSt tren dia ban huyfin Phfl Luong, tinh Tlidi Nguyen tren co so- h | thdng du USu so c ^ thu thdp tu 150 none h6 fflipc chpn ngSu nhien Ket qud udc lupng cho thiy cac y^u tfl nhu hg trp kinh phi d l hoc nghi
viec ^ thfim sau khi bi thu hoi ddt, trinh dp hoc v ^ cua chfl hp, hS Uu vay v6n dl san xult kinh
doanh, tham gia cau lac bfl, hop tdc xd sdn xudt, su dung s6 tifin dfin bfl td thu hfli dit dl diu tu cho san xudUamh doanh vd dign tfch ddt bj fliu h6i c6 anh hucmg din thu nhap ciia cac ho nflng dan bi flm h6i
^ t r t n % bdn huyen Td d6, bai vifit dl xult cac giai phap nang cao diu nh&) cua nflng hp
Tii- khfia: Thu hoi dai ndng hd, thu nhdp viec ldm Phu Luang, hdm Cobb - Douglas
G l 6 l T H l £ U
Phd Lucmg la mdt huyen ndng nghifip thudc
tinh Thai Nguyen, vdi t h i manh la san xuat
ndng nghiep, daa biet la tr^ng Ida vk chan
nudi gia sue, gia c^m Nhtmg cung vdi s\r
phdt triln cda tinh, cdng vdi qufi trinh dd thi
hofi ndng thdn, difin tich dat ndng nghidp cua
huy§n ciing dang phai nhudng ch5 cho cac
khu cdng n ^ i p p , khu do thi va nha may mdi
mpc Ien Ngudi ndng dan quanh nam chl bfim
vdi dong rupng, ho^t ddng Iuc ndng nhan cua
hp Cling ggn lien vdi cfinh ddng, thu n h | p chi
tr6ng chd vao san xu^t ndng nghipp Viec san
xuat l^i phy thupc phan Idn v^o tvt nhifin M§t
khac, v i ^ thu hoi dat do th^rc hipn khong tot
da gfiy ra nhiing hfi qua xau nhu: khdng it
ngudi ndng dan mat dat canh tac gap khd
khan trong vipc chuyen doi nghi nghipp Gid
mat dat, mat tu lifiu san xult, ndng dan khdng
cd vipc lfim thu nh^p b i p benh Do so tiln din
bd vl hd trp thip, hon nda cd mpt bp phan
ndng dan khong biet sd dimg so tien d i n bu,
nfin sau khi tieu het khdng con ngudn thu
nh^p, ddi song khdng 6n djnh, t h ^ chi roi
vao canh nghfio tiing Co mdt bp phan do
khdng cd vipc Ifim da sa dfi vao con dudng
kiem tien phi phfip hoiic mfic cac tfi nan xa
hpi Chinh vi le dd, quan tfim mdt cfich d i y du
den sir thay ddi cu^c song va thu nh$p ciia ngudi dan hi mat dfit d u a c xem nhu nin tang
de phat trien khu cdng nghiep bin vung, phpc
vu cho s y nghifip cdng nghiep hoa hiSn d^i hda nudc nhfi Vdi mpt huyen con khd khan
ve kinh te nhu Phu Luong, nang cao thu nh§p cho ngudi ndng dan mat dfit la mdt bfii tofin khdng d l gifii
De giai quyet duipc vdn dfi nay, viec phan tich cfic yeu to anh hudng dfin thu nhiip cua ngudi ndng d&i bj thu hoi d i t la mdt thfich thdc cila cfic nha khoa hpc vfi cac nha hoach djnh chinh sfich, vi se cung cfip nhihig luan cd khoa hpc cho cac chinh sfich d i n bu vfi giai phdng mat bang cho viing quy ho^ch cac khu, cum cdng nghifip Vi vay, bai viet dupc hinh thanh vdi myc tieu nay d l trfin c a sd do d l xult giai phap nang cao thu nhgp cho cac hp ndng dan
hi thu h6i dfit d tmh Thai Nguyfin
c a SCJ LY THUYET v A MO HINH NGHIEN c i r u
Su thu hdi d i t va di chuyen ch6 d cua ngudi dan cd the gay ra thifiu th6n nghiem trpng vfi
nhung tdn hai v l kinh ti, xS hdi, moi trudng
neu khong cd ke hoach hpp ly Theo ngan hang phfit trien chau A (ADB, 2005), d l trfinh hogc t6i thilu hda nhdng tdn that khi thyc hifin du fin thi vific thu h6i dfit va thuc hien tfii
Trang 2na\ can duac len ke hoach \ a thuc hien nhu
chucmg uinh phat trien ADB chi ra rang
nhirng ngudi anh huong phai duoc ho tra de
ho cai thien muc song, hoac it nhat la phuc
hoi cuoc song cua ho Theo ngan hang the
gidl (VVB, 2004) phuc hoi thu nhap la mot
phan quan trong ciia chinh sach thu hoi dat
khi nhirng ngudi bi anh hudng mal di ca sd
san xuat kmh doanh viec lam hoac cac nguon
thu nhap khac Cac phuong an tao thu nhap
bao gom tin dung true tiep doi vdi kinh doanh
nho va tu lam, xay dung cac k\' nang thong
qua dao tao Ira giiip trong viec tim kiem co
hoi trong cac doanh nghiep nha nudc va tu
nhan, uu tien doi vdi nhiing ngudi bi anh
hirdng trong viec tu\en chon lao dong lien
quan den du an hoat dong
De nghien cuu, chung toi da su dung ham san
xual Cobb - Douglas de phan tich tac dong
cua cac nhan to den thu nhap hon hpp ciia cac
ho nghien cuu Mo hinh co dang nhu
sauThunhap
-Trong mo hinh tren, THUNHAP la thu nhap trung binh ciia nong ho (trieu d6ng/thang) sau khi bl thu hoi dat {trong do khong tinh tiln lai
td tiet kiem) Y nghTa ciia cac bien va ky vpng
ve dau ciia cac he so trong md hinh tren dupc trinh bay trong Bang 1,
PHLTONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU
So lieu sa cap dugc thu thap theo phuang phap ngau nhien phan tang tren dia ban huyen Phil Lucmg, tinh Thai Nguyen, D6i tugng dieu tra !a ngudi nong dan thupc ho co dat bi thu hoi tai 3 xa la xa Scm Cam thi trfin Du va
xa Dong Dat Mau khao sat bao goin 150 ho nong dan c6 dat bi thu hoi tai 3 xa nay Thu nhap phu thugc vao tinh trang viec lam nhiing bien d6i
ve tinh trang viec lam se anh hudng den tinh trang thu nhap Do do phieu dieu tra tap trung chu yeu vao nhom doi tugng thuoc hp trung binh se phan anh tot nhat ve nhan thuc cua nhom doi tuang duac dieu tra ve anh huong ciia chinh sach den tinh trang viec lam ciia ngudi nong dan
Ten
bien
TDHV Trinh do hoc van cua chu hp
DTICH Dien Iich dai nong nghiep va
phi nont; nghiep bi ihu h6i
Co tn so tuong img voi cap hoc cua chu ho
Ky vong vl dau ciia cdc
hg so PI va Ol
So iao dong cua ho
So lien den bu ho su dung de
dau iLT san \uat kmh doanh
sau khi bl thu hoi ddl
Ngircri Tneu dong
Ho trcr \ a> v6n de san xuat
kinh doanh
HTHN H6 tro kmh phi d^ hoe nghe
Co gia iri I neu ducrc va> cr cac to chuc tin dung va co gia tn 0 la nguoc lai
Tham gia cau lac bo, hop lac
Co tn so la I neu ho nhan duoc
khoan ho tro kmh phi di hoc
nghe, va ia 0 neu nguoc lai
Viec iam ihem sau khi bi thu
hoi dai
Co in so la 1 neu ho co lham gia vao 16 hoac nhom hoSc cau iac bo,
va la Q neu nguoc la;
Co Ul so la 1 neu ho co viec lam
Trang 3Trfin ccr sd sd lifiu ibn tfa^ dtipc, bai viet sd
dung phuang phfip thong ke mieu ta d l mo ta
thyc trang cda cac ndng hd, sau dd su dung
phuorng p h ^ binh phuong nhd nhfit (OLS) de
udc lupng md hinh nhfim xac djnh finh hudng
cda cac yeu to den thu nhfip cua cfic hd nong
dan bi thu hdi dat tren dia ban huyfin
KfiTQUA NGHIEN CtfU V A T H A O LUAN
rAirc trgng lao dpng vi^c ldm vd doi' s^ng
cda cdc hp thadc dien thu hdi dat tgi huyen
Phu Lircmg
Trong 150 hp dupc dieu tra tai 3 dia diem la
xE Son C ^ , till trfin Du va xa Ddng Dat, da
s6 cfic hd ndng dan lam ndng nghiep t^i dia
phuong cd muc thu nhap trung binh chiem ty
1§ 65%, viec lara nong tuy vat va nhung hifiu
qufi kmh te dem IEU cho ngudi san xuat chua
thyc su cao Mpt bp phan ngudi nong dfin tien
bp hon, biet ap dyng khoa hpc ky thuat vfio
san xuat va ty tao them thu nhfip td nganh
nghe khac thi cd mdc thu nhfip Ichfi hem,
chiem ty 16 3 4 % Mpt s6 it hp v l n trong tinh
tr^ng khd khfin, dupc xep vao difin c§n nghfio
t?i dja phirong, chiem 1% tong so hp dupc
dupc dieu tra Chfit lupng nguon lao dpng lfi
ndng dfin bj thu hoi dat t h i hi^n qua trinh
dO van hda, trinh dd chuyen mon ky thufit
va y thdc kJ' luat cua ngudi ndng dfin
Trong so 150 ndng dan dupc khfio sfit d
huyfin Phu Luang cho thfiy cd 53 ndng dfin
chua tot nghipp PTTH chilm tJ 1? 35,3%, cd
97 ndng dan d^t trinh idp van hda 12 tren 12
Bfing 2 Tinh hinh su dung lien den
chiem ^ lfi 64,7% Trong tdng so 150 ngudi trfi Idi cau hdi vfi trinh dp chuyen mdn, cd tdi IDI ngudi chua d u ^ c dao tJio, chiem 67,3% vfi 49 ngudi da hofic dang dupc dao tao chiem
ty Ifi 32,7% Nghia la sau khi tdt nghiep pho thdng sau, ty !e ngudi ndng dfin dupc tiep tyc hpc nghfi cdn it di Vdi chat lupng lao dpng thap nhu vfiy, dfin dfin tinh trang neu co dupc tuyen dyng vfio doanh nghiep, ciing chi la lao dpng phd thdng nang sufit lao ddng thfip vfi hau qua Ifi thu nhfip thap, neu ty tao vific lam kha nang qufin ly ciia hp cung gap nhifiu khd khan Qua khfio sfit 150 hp ndng dan dupc din bd dat hi thu hoi cho bifit tdng so tien den bd la
60 285,77 trieu dong Bang 2 cho thay, trong tdng sd tien ddo bu cho thu hdi dat, phin ldn dupc dem gdi tiet kiem chiem 42,7%, tilp dd
la xay dyng va sda chda nha d chifim 31,71 %, Chi cd mdt phan nhd so tifin dfin bd dupc cac
hp ndng dfin su dyng de dau tu xfiy dyng c a
sd san xuat, mua mfiy mdc, cdng cy phyc vy chuyin ddi nghe nghifip chifim 4,05%, dau tu them phan bdn, phuang tien sfin xufit khfie chifim 4,17%, chi cho nghe nghifip d l chuyin ddi nghe n ^ i f i p chifim 5,73%
Ket qud nghiSn cAu vd thdo lugn
Bfii viet su dyng phuong phfip binh phuang
be nhat (OLS) de udc lupng Mo hinh nhfim xfic dinh cac yeu td finh hudng din thu nhfip ciia hp ndng dfin sau khi bi thu hoi dit
Kit qud phdn tich hoi guy
bit thu hoi ddl cua cdc hp ndng ddn
Dan vj: trl$u ddng D^n bii d^t thu hdi vh si^ dving ti^n den bii
T6ag s6 tiln din bil
Tong so tiln 60285,77 % 100,00 Trung blnh
401,91
TronR d6, st ti^n den bii dupc sij dung viio:
0^u tu thdm phan bon, phirong tiSn san xuat khac
Chi phi nghi nghi6p cho gia dhih de chuydn d6i ngh€ nghiep
D&u tu x&y dung co sit siui xuat, mua may mt3c, c5ng cu phuc
vv chuyin d6i nghi nghiip
X&y d(mg v& siia chiia nha o
Mua s&n phuong tien phuc vu sinh hoat nhu xe mdy, tivi, tu lanh
Giii tilt kilm
Chi tilu kh&c
2513,53
2440,28
19114,43 5476,65 25740,42 1544,25
4,17 5,73 4,05
31,71 9,08 42,70 2,56
16,87
16,27
127,43 36,51 171,60 10,36
Nguon: Theo kit qud diiu tra cUa tdc gid
Trang 4Ihu nhap cua cac ho nong dan la: ho trp kinh
phi de hpc nghe viec lam them sau khi bj thu
hoi dat, trinh dp hoc van cua chu ho ho trg
vay von de san xuat kinh doanh lham gia cau
lac bo hap tac xa san xuat, su dung so tien
den bil tir thu hoi dat de dau or san xufit kinh
doanh dien tich dat bi ihu hoi Vdi nhung giai
phap gop phan nang cao thu nhap cho ngudi
nong dan \aing bi thu hoi dat tac gia ky vong
cac CO quan ban nganh hiju quan va cac d6i
tuong CO hen quan se nghien cdu va Ihuc thi
nham nang cao thu nhap cai Ihien ddi s6ng
cho ngudi nong dan bi thu h6i dfit tren dia ban
huven trong thai gian loi
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
i Ban boi thucmg giai phong mSt bSng huv?n
Phu LuoTig (2012) Bdo cdo long kdl cong idc Bdi ihif&Jig gidl phong mai bdng ndm 2012 - 2014,
1 Department for International Development (DFS)
1999), Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets
i Ngan hang phat Ui^n Cbau A {ADB, 1995j
Cdm nang ve Idi dinh cir
4 Nguyln Lan Duyen (2014) " Cac yeu t6 anh
huong den thu nhap cua nong hp d An giang", Tap chi Khoa hoc - 2014 Quyin 3 (2) 63-69
5 Park, R E (1966) "Estimation with
Heteroscedalic error terms", Economeinca,
vol 34, no 4, October 1996 88S
6 Phong Lao dong thuong binh xa hoi huyen Phu
LuoTig (2012), Bdo cdo long kel cdng ldc Lao dong Thuang hinh Xa hoi nam 2012 - 2014
7 World Bank (2004), Involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook Planning and Implementation in Development Prjecls
SUMMARY
SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE FARMERS INCOME
IN LAND ACQUISITION AREA IN PHU LUONG DISTRICT
THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE
Nguyen Thi Thu Thuong', Bui Due Linh
Colhge of Economics imd Bimness Admmislralion - TNU
»c,„,„„„„, , d S i o n "vel s Z n " ' " T " f" ™ " " ° " ' " " " ' " e "Il^-ijob after land
solmions lo improve lhe income of households "'"^""^ "> ^>>' •><«"» The paper proposes
K e , r d s „ „ „ „ „ „ „ / , , „ , h,„,.ehold, ,„c„, en,ployn,enl Phu Luong Coht - Douglas