Khai nipn djch vaxdh^l Khii nifm djcb vy Theo Tir diln Tilng Viel "djch vy Ii cftng tic phuc vu sinh hoal thuftng ngiy cho dflng dio quia diung, cft 16 chfic v i dupc tri cftng"' Tir di
Trang 1QUAN LV VA PHAT THrtNDICH W XA HOl dNHJT B A S - B t o a < ^ KINH NemeM
CHOVIfTNAM MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES IN JAPAN AND EXPERIENCE
FOR VIETNAM
NguySn Thj Khoa
Tnidng Bti hoc Kinh ti-LufI, BHQG-TPHCM-nmgi^etlilu.ym
{Bai nhln ngiy 17 difag 11 n t o 2014, hoan chinh sOa chQH ngiy 56 Wiiig 12 Mm 2014)
TOMTAT • ^ OKh'vShollinMlngdlch'iuMpiingcicnhucaucfiigiing-tacdnlimnh^phlSltt^xa
Ml.c6mllrdaanbaophicl<rlvic&ngbingxSh^i.ticaogiitrliaoif,nhaiym.-ae0H,^im.ld
hoat Hfng mang ban chdt khi, li - la m do M nudc, Ihl trudng hofc xS h» m, sf att^Hig Hf,
Iheo ttnh chat Ihuin cSng la cong hay U cia ling log! hlnh d/ch nbaogSmcielMivfC: giio dfc •
^^'mylikhoah(u:-cdngn^ylinhoa-thinglin.lHduc-lhhhaoviciclrfgUpxeh»1Mc
Hm lal Nhal Ban dang phal dii mil vii nhiiu Ihich thic Irong Unh li iS /*(!( songl^
S'udi^'iniyvanlicuingquickhingchilrongkmhtimicincalronglMi-miUoitimMiminlf
f'^'-'''>'ilBindShitsicnSlrcdilimklimmdhinhguanlfhvpl^nhillrong,Hcnmgcat,chi
'I'f^Scuicsing.lrongmihfchtfncicdichyvxahiilimtllrongnhilngtinhyv^daihudivcnMng
kci qua ndi bal vad nhiiu Unh nghiem dihi Iham khao ' QuallmhliuyimihMguinlfiva phil Irlin dich vyxShilcua Nhfl Bin vo cic nuic cho
Ihify: Vifi Nam phil khing dhh/ht^c ngi^ li diu co si lj) luin v4 Ihrc liin mfl cich rS ring, trlH dl
''jf^^i'J^iMI'uingchocicguyitsichviphitlrlindichvuxShil.xiydmght Ihing an sinh
''^'Vi.-00 dur«n,dh,nh Ihlch hop cho srphil irlin dich ygxa hil nhim rao m^tm CO bin liphiK'
vu cho con ngudl c6 mil cupc sing nga,, cang lil km ci vi vit chit vi Hah Ihdn
nt khia; ^in ly, phii irlin, dich vu xd hil
ABSTRACT Social services are services Ihal meet demands of communlly and individuals for social
developmenl enhance welfare and social equality, promole elhlcal values and humanltt«, for humans
and ofsoc^con«nlc nature which can be provided by government, society or market Social services
7le^ce1^f ".""Z '^"'"" "" * "'•"• " "^^""^ of education, training medicine,
"'^''••"^logy culture Information, sports or olher social assistance forms
«,„,«• "'''""^Z'^'""' '""•"•"•'^ and social challenges Japan remains a powerhouse net only In
words economy but also in social management and developmenl Japan has strived loflnd Ihe most
su, Me managemeni model lo enhance living slandards In which social services hove obtained
outstanding ackevemems Their exp^ence Is worth learning
Through analyzing Ji^ranS social management and developmenl model, we found Ihal ll Is
"'O's'^uyforyielnamtodermealheoretlcalandpracllcalbaslsfcrsoclalservlcesandwelfarepollcles
m a clear, thorough and m^orm manntr in order lo create a suitable model for social services
Trang 2devehpmenl TUs is for Ihe primaiy larget ,f generating a belter life In both physical and mental keywords: Management, development, social services
LGiMtbI$a
Djcli vy xa h ^ 14 Bnh w c ho?l dong rgng
IOH, phong phfl, da d^ng, t ^ t^i va phat triln
khich quan, ^ liln vfti qui trtnh xa h}i Tuy
nhiln, trong xa h«i dang tin tji nhilu quan
nilm khic nhau v l linh vvic niy Do do, vi|c
fln til, xie dinh rS vai tr6 v i ban chal cua dich
vv x a h ^ i l i rft c ^ thilt
B/ch n xl hil la loan bi cic hoal ding ma
kit qui cua ching Ihudng li ahUag sin phim
vd hlnh khdng Ihi nhan dlin bing cie giic
quan, khi do dim gii irl lao ding vi chil
bt^ng sin phim bing gii ci Irao dii trSn thi
Irudng Ho?t d§ng djch vv xa h^i bao tiilm Ifin
til c4 cic ISih v j c ohi phli rit ldn din qui
trtnh phit trtIn kinh t l - x< hji, mli miimg ciia
ling quic gia n6i rilng v i loin Ihl gifti nfti
Chung Dich vv xi h^i khftng chi bao gim
nhOng Ibh vvc nhu vjin tii, du lich, thuong
mfi, ngSn hing, buu di«n, bio hilm, truyin
thftng liln Ivc, mi cftn ta Ifta din cic Bnh
vvc mfti ml nhu bio v | mfti Iruftng, dich vv
vin hfta, dich w giii Irt, djch vv hinh chfah, to
vln phip luSI, mli gifti hftn nhfin, Dich vv xa
h$i Ii cic chftc ning ho|c cic nhi|m vy dugc
thvc hi§n m i ngufti la cft nhu clu v i do dft tvo
ra gii ci, hinh thinh nfin m§t thi tmftng thich
hop Dfti khi dich vv x i h^i dupc dl cip nhu li
nhOng hing hfta vft hhih, mpt frong nhOng d^c
di&n ciia chflng li dupc Ugu thy ngay 1^ thfti
dilm sin x u l t Thuimg Ihl chflng khftng thi
chuyin nhupng dupc do dft, khing diu co
dupc, vfti 3? nghIa niy, dich vy xi hfti khftng
Ihi mua dupc d l sau dft bin Ivi vfti mftt mflc
g i i khic
2 C o sft ly l a | n vl djch vy x i h$i
2,1 Khai nipn djch vaxdh^l
Khii nifm djcb vy Theo Tir diln Tilng Viel "djch vy Ii cftng tic phuc vu sinh hoal thuftng ngiy cho dflng dio quia diung, cft 16 chfic v i dupc tri cftng"' Tir diln Wikipedia Tilng Vifit dinh nghia
"djch vy trong kinh t l hpc, dupc hilu Ii nhttng thfl toong ty nhir hing hfta nhung phi vfit
c h i r l
Tham khio Tit diln Kmh t l hpc hi|n dyi do David W.Pearce chfl bifin Ihl "dich vy l i cic chiic ning hofic cic nhifim vy dirpc Ihyc hifin
mi ngufti la cft nhu d u v i do dft tyo ra gii ci, htoh thinh nSn m ^ thj ttuftng thich hpp Dfti khi dich vy dupc dl cfip nhu l i nhiing hing hfta vft hhih, mftt bong nhttng djc dilm cfla chflng
li dupc tifiu thv ngay tai thfti dilm sin xull Thuftng Ihi chflng khflng Ihl chuyin nhupng dupc, do dft, khftng diu co dupc, vfti ^ nghTa niy, djch vy khflng Ihl mua dupc dl sau dft bin lai vfti m§t mflc gii khic"*
Theo PhiUp Kotler Ihi djch vy l i mftt hoyt dflng hay lpi ich cung flng nhim d l trao dli, chu ylu Ii vfl hhih v i khflng din din vific chuyfin quyin sft httu,
Nhu vfiy, cft nhiiu khii ni^m vl dich vy dupc phit bilu dufti nhttng gftc dfl khic nhau
nhung Iheo chflng Ifti Ihi: dich vu li hogt ding
loading CO chu dlch cua ci nhin hay li chic nhim d^ ung nhu ciu cua coa ngudl Bic
'Nguyta van Xft (chu bita): Ti dlin Tlian mi
NXB Trf 2000 Ir.IgO
'^J',i?^ "• '*^'' *^'«* '' V **" *4
NXB (JTQG ~ Dai hpc Kinh tl quic dta, 1999,
Trang 3diim dta dfch vu td IdiSng ton tai & dgr^ s^
phdm ctf thi- (Imt hinh) fdae hang hoa Ididr^
ddn t&i viic chuyin quyin sa hOu nhung ph^
vy tnfc Hep nhmg nim cdu nhdt djnh ciia xa
h$L
Vdi c^ti hilu tiliii vEiy, <^cl) vu \k mgt l o ^
bang h6a &\xijc trao ddi tr6n dij truong &eo
quan h^ cung chi vk cd niiihig S^ thii rieng
Dhffsau:
(i) Df ch vy mang tinh d ^ fiiM v^ khfing
tb^t&jlidi
(ii) Dfcdi vv D6 tinh chit khfing dn djnh vk
Idi6 xfic t^ih c ^ t IvKfog
Civ) Djch Vtf D^Qg t b h chit v6 hloh
(v) Djch vu kbfing lioto t o ^ h n t t A dugrc
(vii) Djch V9 mang tfnh khflng m& ^
(viiQ I ^ d i vv c6 tfnh cfalt khfii^ ddog nhit
Cix) Djch vp cd Unt lugng tri flt&c rao,
n h ^ c ^ vdi sv diay d6i cfing n ^ f *
k h i l n i | m x S h $ i
x a hfii l i mfit % thi hay mfit nhdm nhOi^
ngu&i dugc pMn bift vdi cftc dbdm i^ii6i khfic
liiing cfic Igi fch, m6i quan h0 d$c t n n ^ chia s£
ciing mfit thi chl \ * c d cflmg vSn hda M$t djnh
n ^ t e binh flradng cua "xS hfii" thuimg d l cip
din mfit nhdm ngudi sing ciing trong mfit cfing
d l n g c d ^ c h f t e
Tfr tilng Anh " S o c i e ^ xult hifin vfio thi ki
M vfi Iflt ngufin tft tilng Phfip "SociftS" l i n
lugt nd cd ngudn glc trong tit Lrtni"Societas''
lfi "su ©ao thi§p tbSn tfai^n vdi ngudi khfic"
frong VSocius" cd nghTa lfi "blu b?n, kit giao,
ding chl h o ^ dli tfie" VI thi nghTa ciia t& x3
hfii cd quan h§ gin gOi vdi nhttng ^ dligc coi
lfi fliufic quan hf giOa con i^udi vfi con ngudi
Mfit C&4 Chung nhit, xS h^i dupc hiiu Id mgt
Jitli);/Affww.hids.h(>ehiminhcitv.f>tw.vn/weh/Biif!a^t^
ac-kfai-vuc-kinhtn-h?l$^ig'tSe^hti^^$r^'va<^(^iM10<^a cdn nfft&i cd ddi sSng kinh li cM^ H vSn hdH chmg cimg&e»&tim'^^3i^Win^^ dom phdt triin nhdt ^nh cm lfch su
Khfiini^m djch vy x9 b$i
"Djch yy x& hfif' lfi ni$t khfii nifm k^iivm gfin k i t httu CO bdi hta Ichfii nifm "djch v u " - »
"lA hfii" Chinh vi thi djch vv x t h0i lfi'4c hpvt d^ng,dirgc thyc l i i ^ ohfim giup con agfita dam Mo dugc cu$c sdng tfii tlulu vfi cd ( ^ bgrj
^ dugrc difiu Idfn sln^^tJiCBL " , ^
Nhu v|.y, dicfi TBIK jeff i ^ - ^ g ^ < % p^ nhiing nhu cdu khdch qmm, ^ bd/i ma (xm rigi^ vd dupc xd hoi thua nh^n, do dd gim hai nhifm w chfnh (j) bfio ^ , ^ gld^i> t ^ h mirc xa h$l vfi (ii) nhim mm ti^^p^ ' ^ ^ y ^
Thir nh^t, djch vtf x9 hfii tihbt'bfio'dfimr^£
^dtri, chudnmifcxSk&i .;,«
Nhu A.Masi,o.>y (1,943) m chi ra t ^ d l t ^
t^i con ngudi cln phfii thda mfin dugc c ^ nhu clu t l i thilu, b ^ t h ^ v l fin, m$c, *, ninfe
uing, chfim sdc siltc khde, dugc dfim ^a v ^
lfim, Dfiy Ifi nhdng gifi t 4 nhttng chiiln n ^
xS hfii tli thilu mfi con ngudi cln {difii dtnjic dfip ling, Djch Vtf xfi hfii do dd hS trpcho (^c , thfinh vifn trong xa hfii trSn nhilu phuong di^Hj nhu: chfi dfng phdi^ ngiia x ^ ra rui ro d ^ din khfing l)fio dfim gift trj vfi chuin mtfc x3
hfii; chu dfing h^ncbl finh budng ajariUro ws^
din khfing dfim bfio gifi trj vfi chuin mtfc xfi hfi; khfic phtfc riii ro vfi hda n h ^ cfrng i^ngxa hfii orfin CO sd efic gifi trj, chuin mtfC xa bfi^.,
Cfic lo9i djch Vtf x5 hfii p h i biln ciia d^ng nfiy glnu
(i) Djch vtf.f(Ki dihki&i dtonHingngm thuQc nhdm thu nhdp th^ cd viic ldm vfi fliam
gta sfin xult d l cd diu n h ^ d ^ ling dugc n h i
d u ddi sing tli flu^ vfi duy tri d u ^ sv dfic lip v l tfii chfnh;
Trang 4:mm^^jimm«mw»^^-^^u
d a » « & ^ tbet^jtbe^fill^ ^i^ ypjdi hat ah^
f d > A p a g i ! t ^ ^ ^ ) ^ H ^ ^ g xgnca h $ i ) ^ t ^
W n l y ^ f e d i r t r t ^ o rf M , said, (.1 »
^w; Djch vv tdng tinh trdch nhiem vd mSi
qpmt h^ gdn ket giiht gta dinh vfi flianh wen,
^ cho ^ a dlnh tra thfinh chS d^ia an toan nhat
cbosigi nguffi, nhat Ifi cfic dfii tugng y£u thg
^ em fliudc idiOng gia dmh khong cd kha
sSng chfim sdc cd the nhfn dugc sv gifip d& tfr
cgngdlng,xl[hgi,
(hi) Cung d p cfic d/ch v^ vi nha a vdi ti€u
choSn d ^ frng dugc dilu kifn tli tfaieu vl i ^
luvng coQc sing tfry flico A l u k t ^ [rti^ tnin
fcinfa flS -"TtS hfl cda m5i vfrng mSi quic gfa,
m S i ^ d D v n r
A Jv) D|ch vv gmp ngudl tm tdt co kha ndng
ttfl4phmvii fliam gia m$t cfich tfch cvc tnHig
cfic ho;ft d^ngfcmh t l cilng nhu h o ^ d ^ cfing
ding,
(vl) D|di Vtf /Mc <f(^ chi^ sdc sic khoe
dio moi flifinh vi&n trong xfi hfii thdng qua m^t
faf ftdng cfic ho9t dfing hS trg khfic nhau
{vlO Cfic d|ch Vtf tham van va Iri hiu ldm fy
diQ c ^ dll tutng b | tin thuong v l tflm if, tmh
thin,
f ^ D{ch Vtf gft|p cdc aii tugng t^ cdn
vd< cdc AgnA AhA^/to v i t9o CO hfit IvB ehgn
totliai^
^ Ox) D|ch vv gh^ cdc dSl tu^g iiqt cdn de
dang hem v&l cde hofU dgng hoa gidi, bifin hfi
c & c v l n d l x 8 h 9 i '
i Th&hai, d|ch vtf xfi bfii nhfim mtfc b&i phfit
Ct& cfr trto quan dSha eUa A.Maslow
(I943X Idit nh&ng nhu clu co bfin dugc flida
tnSn All con ngufri sC phfitsinh cfic nhu diu cao
hon nbu hoa nhfip xi h ^ grao hiu b^n bi, dagc
kmb trgng, co hgi df phdt tnin vfi hoan t h t ^ ban than, chimg to muth tmoc xfi hfii de dugc thua nhfin, Noi cfich khac, kfai nhihig gia tri
c a ban, nhfing chuan mvc co ban dugc £^ai quyet, con nguoi mufin hoan thtfn minh hon, didng qua cfic ho^t dfing de dUoc c ^ nhfit flidng lm, hda nhip vao xa hfii, khfing dmh ca nhan, tu do tao dilu kifn phfit tnen xfi hfii tit hon Mfic du cac hoat dfing dich Vtf nfiy dfiu cd the do nhfi nudc, hoJc tu nhfin cung cap vfi qui tilnh nay thudng dem d ^ lgi nhufin, tuy nhifin,
CO su khac biSt dfing ke gifia nhfing d)ch vu tiKbn muc beu phfit tnen xfi hfii vdi nhttng djch
vv nhSm mtfc ti€u thuong m^i (I91 nhu$n) D$c dilm cua d|ch vtf nhfim mtfc tifu phfit tn&i xS hfii dodd bao g ^
0) Cd tinh ch& xd h$i, [Atfc vv Xtfi Ich
chung cfra efi nhfin vfi cfing ding, dfip 6ng nhfhig nhu d u d n thifit cua xfi hfii d l dfim bfio cufic s&ig bbih thudng vd an tofin cda « ( » Bguift , , ! , ,
(^ Ctrf^Qb 10^ ^m iki du^ Mg 4 ^
0i9 T^P d&\d9A_v»i^b^MSr^thdi^ qm^ptml^ffif^udr^i^duttAlaaaxi^^
dilB,tilt b&i c&c ffd tri d^o )iuc, gid trf y^ hdnt, 1^11^ trwA nhi^ xd h$i e^ nhfi
i B i ^ ^ a i d i n g h i ^ faojto &11A&L
^ Mgi ngudi ^ dfr ddng thui f^f^ g
h ^ Kh^r^ d ^ cd ^ q u ^ ' h u O i ^ djcb vy xfi bQi d n ^ t ^ flislu, ydi tu e&tAi Ifi dif tugng phflc vv cda difr ^ c m ^ 6 1 ^ Lugt^dfdi v^ : ^ hfa ti^ m^ dg tiOt^ pbv fliudc ^ ni6c flnil mfi b ? a6ag gfip vfi Idifi nfing (£1 trfi: cfla
ngiriiii tiSn dtoig l i ^ - v v
fn) J^ch V9:A b ^ lfi flu^ ylu vdi ngudi
^^v&t^et«^Wx3h^imto^t6ihanidn
cd^M iiei^:tAy sfr d|u^, ^ 1 ^ n ^ % i
b i ^ t i s d i gtedi q ^ ^ ^ dvqg d ^ flida cfra
t^^ 1^1^ yin nm^ ^dt W xa h^i khdng
Trang 5thuin cing (dich vu a cftng hoSc djdi vp tir) Ihl
tfly thuftc v4o nhu cSu ca nh&t Idia nang chi tra
a i cMnh loan phan ho»c mftt phSn clia ngufti
ti€u dflng
Tfl phSn Ifch nSi ttto, chflng tfti cho iing:
dich V|i x2 h$i la nhung djch vu ddp flng cdc
nhu cSu c«Dg dftng v i cS nhSn nhim phit t i i n
xa hfti, cft vai trft dam bao phuc Jpi vk cflng
hing xa hfti, de cao gifl ttj dao ly, nhSn van, vl
cou ngufti, la hoal dftng mang ban chat idnh l l
- xa hfti do nha nuftc thi Iruftng hpac xa hfti
dan su cung flng tfly theo tfah chit thuSn cftng
cftng hay tu cua timg loji htoh dich m , bao
gSm cac liiih viic: giio dt/c - dao too, y li, nha
i, khoa hoc - cong nghe, van hoa - Ihiag lln,
'l>i iuc-thi Ihao vide tro giip xd hil khic
Z2 Bin chil hbilili-xdhpi cia d/ch w
Jdhil
Djch w xa hfti ifl host dftng mang bin chil
kinh li - xd hi,; Idii x a trai ciu Iriic tSng IhS
Maag bin chit kiah t i bfti nfl H d& nrong cfla
lunh t l hpc dich vu, cft Uil xem x a c i ft khia
canh Idnh t l Vl mft iin khia csnh kinh t l vi mft
(3 khia canh kinh t l VI mft nft la mftt bft phjn
hop flianh nganh kinh t l djch vu cfla dit nuftc
ma bit kJ Ilia chpn chiln lujc tang Huftng va
phat Win nhu Ihl nao diu phfli linh din 6 khia
canh Hnh l l vi mft, moi don vj cung flng djch
vu xa hfti irong dilu kiln kfah l l thj tnrftng, cft
c»nh t M h , luftn phii tir d p ra va Hi giai iup
cac cflu hfti: cin tao ra djch vu gi djch vu cho
ai va tS chflc cung flng djch vu nhu dil nio?
x a tft loi Ich mftt doanh nghiap djch vu xa hOl
cft Uil la dli tu5mg ktah doanh, nlu mang iai
1(0 nhujn, nhll la vfti cac djch vu cftng khftng
Uiuta tfly hoSc dich vu xa hfti c4 nhSn X a til
ngufti lieu dflng bit c i ai sii dung dlch vu cOng
diu phai trt Uin, vln d i 14 ira tiln t ^ c tilp
hole tri liin giin u | p ( g j ^ ti|p q ^ j , ^ ^
nha nuftc ho8c nhft cac nguin hS Ov nhin dao
-thifn nguyin) Chfah vl Uil dich vu xd hii Ird
Ihanh mil bj phin ciu Ihinh aginh kinh li
•^hvu, Jftp ) ) h l n 1 ^ ta tfng Uiu nhSp quIc >
din (ONP) ho(c fdig thonmti quie nfti (ODP)
chuyin dieh CO ciu k n k l i glil i|uyll lao dftng
v i vifc lam ning cao sfle canh tranh cfla nift kmh tl ' •
.1
Mahgbin chStxdhii boi nft huftng tfti muc ,
lifti phuc vu cho su phit Inin xa hfti, dfl vfti tu ' each cftng ding hay c4 nhin dupc vjn hinh C4 j hi$u qui khi eft su Uiam gia cfla cic chfl Uil ^ dang trong x i hji Bfln Uitn khfli mfm "djoh ^
xa h«i" tu nft (B nfti ISn ban chat xa h«i c f l a l loai hinh dich vu nay Giai quyll mil quan h f l
gifla tlnh kiah livi Ilnh xd hpi l i vin d l h a n j chit cfla quin lj phit tnin dich vu xa hfti Nfti
dfti hfti phii vfla xem x a d|ch vu xa h«i dufti ci f
gftc dft kinh li hpc dtch vy, phic l0 Aoc v i | nhin hpc via hia Dufti lang kinh kmh t l hpc I
dfch vu mfti cho phip llt(mghda duftc mftt cich |
cu dll trich nhilm cfla cic ebii thi thi Hi S i d chlnh cho ngufti tilu dflng dich vu dfl U I H dflng ci nhan hay tilu dflng cftng cftng, gii tf|
Uiu dugc cho c i nhan va xa hfti; co chl lfli chlnh dli vfti djch vu xa hji; vai trft "diu vao"
cfla dich vu xa hfti dli vfti cflc qui trinh kmh t l Dufti lang kfah phflc ipi hpc v i nhin hftc van
hfta mfti cho Uiiy vai trb phflc lgi xa h5i cfla
dich vu xa h«i, tfah phi kinh t l cfla nhiiu losi hinh dich vu xa hfti Uiuin cfing hole a cftng Do J mang hin chit xa hfti, cho nSn, dfl ohi Uii cmig flng la.nhi nuftc, Uii mrftng hay xa hJi cihig Ichftng nam ngoii mpc Sin mft rftng quy mft vi nSng cao chit lusmg phuc vu nhu ciu cfla xa
hfti Su CO - gidn quy mi cfla tflng chu Uii trong cung iing chi nhim ling thim tiah xd hil cua
* A V|i dip flng l i t hon nhu ciu dfti hfti cfla c i nhin vi cfing ding, phfl hop vfti xu Uil phit triin cfla xa hfii van mfah, liin bfi, huftng tfti cac gia hi cftng bing, bhih ding, nhan van
Trang 6XKiqh ii^h%);Caa ea4t.Bai troag quag ly
^ p U t t i i ^ djcli Vf xa li$i
Hi&i Hi f a * Ban dang phai ^ i mjt vol
t*i&i aiScfc thuc tiong kfah « , x l l hfti, song
quSc gia Chan A nay l i n H cuftng quftc khftng
cU Dong kint t i ma eon c i trsng lihh w c bflo
l a a Vitinan ly l a hfti Nhjt Ban IS hit sflc nft
IlB d l ttn Idim raft hhih quin ly hpp ly nhit
hong vifc ning cao chit lupng cuftc s&ig,
n t a g dft t b ^ hiln e i c dich vu xa hfti Ii mftt
uong nhOng liiih vpc « Uiu dnpc nhdng kll
qui nli bit va eft nhiln kmh n ^ i l m cft Uil
Uiam khio
» * d l d u a Uilng nhil, song vl co ban nfti
dung Idlii nilm "d|ch vuxahfii"dupchilula:
h( aing cung cip dich vu nhim dip m g
fth^ nha du eo bin cua con ngudi nhim
dim bio cic gU tri chuin muc xd ha va dupc
xd hpi ih&a nhin
Nhu i*y Uiam gia vao Uipc hifn djch vp xa
l^i s l l»o gim nUlu chfl Uii chfl khftng phai
cU cft n U nuftc Sp cft mat cfla nhiiu Uianh
l>hin se ^ niB "hf Ui&ig cung cip dich vp"
cho xa hfii ma trpc Ulp la cho nhu ciu cfla
ngufti din
Qoan nilm v i nhihig nfii dung co bin vl
dich vp xa hfii ftNhll Ban nlu trtn t | p tnmg
v»o3nfii dung chfl ylu:
- Dich vp xa hfii hong Bnh vpc giio due,
- DIdi vp xa hfii trong Knh vpc cham sfte
site khfte
- Didi vp xa hfii dli vfti php nC ngufti gii
t l i tan vi cic d l i hrpng "ylu Uil"
3,1 Dfch y^gliodfic
Thi nh^ nang cao chit hrpng dich vy giio
^la
Ctng vfti vifc nine cao chit lupng giao dpc
hong nha huftng dich vu xS hfii tnmg giao due
cftn ting cuftng chflc pang giao dpc cfla gia
fflnh v i cfing ding Cp Uil l i xiy dpng cic
hiHlg tim giao dpc Uiiiu niln d l cung cip
nhiing ttong tfa v i mfti huftng dfic hpi cho gifti tte Nhat Bin Tfl chflc cic host dfing cft tinh
"die nghifm cufic sftng" di cac em cft dupc nhihig kmh nghiim xa hfti v i moi huftng lp nhiln Mft rpng mang luoi linh nguyfn vien dpa n&i CO sft cfing dflng d i hfl trp cic host dftng hpc tap cung'nhu kfah nghifm sing trong mfti tnrftng lp nhiln, cip phal sft lay cim nang dinh cho vi|c phfl biln kiln Uiflc nufti dpy con cai v i mft iftng hinh ftuc nt vin giio dpc qua diln Uioai phpc vp 24^4 gift
Vifc qnan ly ttuftng hpc cung dupc doi mfti Uieo huftng phan quyin v i nSng cao tlnh Ip chfl
d i nhi ttuftng lp chiu trich nhifm vl quan ly giio dpc chiu hich nhifm dip flng nhflng nhu ciu da dpng cua ngufti din dia phuong do viy ISO dilu kifn cho cic ttuftng p h a huy dnh sing
Ho BSn csnh dft mft rftng qujIn lp chfl cfla nhi huftng ttong vifc ttiyin chpn nhin sp v i su dung ngSn sich d l mli ttirftng M ftl phit huy nh(higuuftirilngcflamlnh.mo tfing cic dich
vp giio dpc d(c b i a phfl hpp vfti hoin canh cfla hpc smh vi cfing dong xung quanh dufti sp lanh dao trpc d i p cfla hi|u ttuftng vi ban giim hilu- Ngoii ra, Bft Giao due cftn cung cip hf fting dao ISO va mfti ttuftng csnh oanh, qua dft dfti ngfl giao viln cft ftl cflng nhau c l ging ftpc hifn cac mpc tieu nha Iruftng di ra
Nhim ftpc hiln tot chl dft quan ly l l chflc ttong ttuftng dpi hpc, chlnh phfl Nhjt Bfln da din hinh cac bi|n phip da dpng nhu tao ra mftt
h i fting nghiln cflu giio dpc mim dSo vi chuyin cic ttuftng cftng IJp ftinh cac don vi quan ly dftc Isp mfti Chlnh phu da cho phip cic ttuftng lmh host ttong vi|c ttiyin sinh, ttiyin dpng, ki hoach v i lich hoc diiu chinh chuong ttinh vi kifn toin dfii ngfl lanh dpo nhi tnrftng Nhft dft cic ttuftng cft ftl sip xip giio viln mftt cich Imh host hon khftng phai
c l dinh vao cac khfta hpc hay mftn hpc djc bift nao Giao viln dupc tuyin d p g fteo chi dfi cftng khai iftne rai d l ftu hflt nhflng ngufti tai
Trang 7giau fcinh nghigm, gdp irfi4n thue dfiy chit
lugng ( ^ tao vfi ng^iSo cuu cua trucmg
Nhung biSn phap chu ylu de nang cao tfnh dfic
ifip, tv chfr cua cfic tniimg 14 xac djnh rd tfnh
chfit vfi mvc tieu ^ o dvc, nSng cao quyin tu
chii, mdi thfiidi phan bSn ngofii tham gia quan
1;^, nang (^o tfnh hif u qua vfi t3ng cudng cdng
khai thdng tin flidng qua:
(I) Thiit lap hi thong ddnh gid cdc trucmg
dgi hgc
HS tiling nfiy bao g i m v i ^ tv gifim sfit vfi
dfinh gifi, to chfrc lai cc sd d p l^ing hpc v ^
quic gia (NIAD) NIAD tien hfinh 3 kilu dfinh
gifi: dfinh gifi theo chu d l (dfinh gifi li£n quan
den gifio due chung vfi nhfhig ddng gdp cho xfi
hfii qua vific md rfing cfic djch vv gifio dye),
(Knh gifi cfic ho^t dfiiig gifio dvc trong mli VMn
vvc hQC tiiu$t, dfinh gifi cfic ho^t d<ing n ^ i g n
cfru trong mSi linh vvc hgc flii^t Tham gia
dfinh gifi lfi cfic chuygn gia thufic cfic ITnh vvc
kmh tl, xfi hfii vfi vfin hofi Sau klii nh§n dupc
kit qufi, nhfi trudng nit kinh nghifim d l nfing
cao chit lupng gifio dye, ngjiifin cfru vft nhfhig
dfinh gifi nfiy du<?c thdng bfio rfing rfii d l sinh
vifin cd till tham khfio khi chpn tnrimg Dl tang
cudng vi§c tv gifim sfit vfi dfinh gift, nhfi nudc
cdn difinh l§p h$ thing dfinh gifi da nguyfin qua
vific thfinh l$p "Ca quan ddnh gid th& bd' de
dfim bfio tfnh khfich quan trong h o ^ dfing efia
nhfi trudng, gdp phin nfing cao phuong [rfifip,
nfii dnng giing d^y vfi nghign cdu
(ii) Tdng cu&ng ch&c ndng dao tgo, nghiin
cdu cua tru&ng dgi hgc vd kit hpp vdi cdc ca
sa sdn xuat Idnh doanh
D I dfip ling nhu clu v l chuyfin mdn pha hpp
vdi sv tiiay dli vl co clu kinb t l vfi c^nh tranh
tofin clu, nhfi trudng da tgo ca hfii eho sinh
vifin ed dupc nhfhig kiln thuc mdi, sfiu rfing
qua v i ^ md rfing co sd dfio t|«> sau d^i hpc
Cfic trudng dgi hpc tiln hfinh cfic bifin phfip d&
dgng dl cfii tiln nfii dung vfi phuong phfip gifio
dye, giup cho vific chuyin tilp tfr trang hpc bgc
cas lai -^m 'hpG'mfie^£[^rAu|n t ^ p M I ^ I ^
dupc Idifi nfing cQa^hpe ^inb Gvti)^lfi^#'cMc
cfU: khda hpc d v b | dtq> itag y&i c ^ cto c i c
khda dgi hpc, cfii tila efaoxmg trinh nhSm^ ( M trpng vfio nhthig npi dung phfi cfp c h t ^ bi chuong trinh hpc phfi hgp v ^ yfiu clu v l th&i
^ a n cho titag mfin hpc cv till CfictoefifngiS?!
bpc dSi linh hogt hda cfic hbih tiidc hpc t ^ , md
tii^ nhilu GO sd dto ^lo efi b m ngfi^ lln^ban
dem vfi sfing tgo co hfii <^ bftng mdi nhu bgag
dgi h?c eho n h t ^ t^wfti t | t nghifp d^J hep
ngin hgn vfi tniimg truog, hpc cbuyln TS^_
(khfing qua dfio tgo dgi hpc diftih quy) J ;.'I Trong nhthig nftm ^ d ^ , # n f i n g ^ao tfnh
cgnh tranh ct& Nh$t Ban trgn trujmg q u ^ i ^ , , Chfnh phd 6& tiln hfinh cfic b i ^ phfip<^bgm
tftng cudng sv hpp tfie gifla cfic tnrtag ^ ! ^ ^ i vdi cfic ngfinh, co quan Chbih phOi vfi tu nhftn
brong cfic Ifnh vvc, nhit Ifi khoa bpc ^ tiii^it
Cvflil:
• Cfic trudng dgi hpc dupc phip I^'hj?p ding nghiSn c i ^ dfii bgn hojic ily thfic Cfic
hpp ding nghifin cdu duin sv tfii Xxtf cfla Cfie
cfing ty tu nhan vfi trfi luong x&ng dfing chd' nhfhig ngudi tham gia
• Ong bfi vigc tiiilt mp cfic t l chiic d p giiy phip efing'nghfi (TLOs), t ^ dilu kign thi4n lpi cho vific chuyin giao cfic kit qufi nghifin cuu tfl tnrdng dgi hpc din cfic cfing ty
tu nhfin, cfic co sd san XH& T L O S Arpc trp
d p , bfio Ifinh vay npr vfi gifim phi bfin (]uy|n Tfnh din nftm 2001 c6 23 TLOs dupctiitoh
Up
• Cai cfich h | ^ahag nhfin sv d trudng
dgi hpc: dl tgo dilu ki|n cho cic gifio su cd thi nfim gitt cfic vj trf Iftnh d^o, tu v ^ qufin
hi, Chfnh phli k h u > ^ Idifch nhfhig ngudi cd nftng lvc dihig ra tiifinh I ^ cfic c&ig ty rifing hogt dfing theo nhftng q«y djnh chung cfla nhfi nudc
Trang 8) * i r ^ lfi phfit ftilB i ^ B g fa| A o ^ i h
d ^ c a i ^ c % oo h ^ bpc t ^ (ren cac ^ 1 i^K
1 ^ i ^ i ^ I n i d i ^ xft bpi, b o ^ d f i ^ Ihl tino
vto hoa vdi cic ddndb sidh nlun |diA trial bf
t f a ^ qom If, ^ag Qndng hpe t | p suit doi d
cic ^ p l m a ^ Iddi Aidi ldm d u hpc ^ sodt
ddi qua cac be ^ i ^ iSOag tin c o ^ ' t ^ t ^ cac
i ^ y h $ bpc ta^ suit ^ btin qufic h ^
lAn, Bfi Gifio dvc ffi O B ^ C ^ cac co b ^
bpc 1 ^ da d a ^ qua viSc ^ dpig cac CO sd lai
cfie ttndi^ t m t ^ hoc b^c cao vft cao ^ i g ifim
C f f s d i ^ v i l e i m c t i l D h p c d p s u l l d d L C ^
tiudBg dgi hpc vft cfic CCF sd bpc t ^ c ^ d&ig
Ufiqg 1^01% tSng Ka: nlu nbu nftm 1999 cd
&2 tmiiae tnmg 06 t n i ^ quSc lgp: 99, cdi^
% : 66, bi^mg tu: 457, Ifal nftm ^X)9 cfic c m
s l t r a % jb% lfi: 773 S6,92 vfi S95
I i f l i ^ b i ^ | A ^ CO bJHi 1 % m ^ d t o t9o
cdng i^hfi Afii^ tin 6 c i c Hodng tilu bpc vft
t n ^ hoc b a o g ^ vific % ^ bp thing mfty vi
tbifa v i n& Bifag bitemet c ^ cftc tnrdng, kit
tKt mgng ^fta cfic t i u d i ^ dfio tgo gifio vien,
F^A triln vft fiA biln nfii dn^g gito dvc c d i ^
B^ tfifiiig ^ vfi |Aft nriln diflc lAig cba
traag & n O A ^ tin gito dpc quic g?a Dli vdi
g ^ ( ^ b$c cao N h ^ Bto Iftng cuCh^ khai
dito nguin d i t o lvc d m cu$c cfich ntang cdng
n ^ di&% tm vft khai tiific diuyto mfin 1^
tfn^ cao qua cto khda bpc 1 ^ q u n d ^ cdng
B^ Aitaig A L Tfi cto t m d i ^ dgi hpc, Nfa^
Bto A n g phfit t i i ^ cto khda bpc lifin quan d ^
cdng ^ ^ Afii^ tm vft < ^ tgo 1$ a r tin hpc
t i M dfi cao, dtvc hifin v i ^ kit nli cto tnidi^
4 i hpc ¥di ( ^ CO sd kbto qua lien Igc vfi tinh,
gifing dgy q m m^ng d l ntog cao vific sii 4fi%
1$ thoit Adng tm trong gito dvc dgi hpc
(S^ Cki trgng ^do ifyc tdiai each vd kit
htfp v6i cdc lot/a hinh g^ifyc
D l tri OD bpc t ^ llhqK: tot, vific t90 ra mdi
trutag dmfii mti lfi hit sue c ^ tiiifiL C ^ ^
phfip Amc dive h i ^ lft: t9o cho tre cd ( ^ ditoi
vni d m * niA hovl md ifii« cto cbucmg trinh
^ o a i khda nhtoi iam d u tre ti%) n i c nhilu bonvdiai5ifrn6og]amg<|uanh, T3b^oidng
g ^ <bic dao ddc, nhto each cua bpc sinh trong cto trudng di dfii vdi Ioai nii cto hito tupng tien cvc v i a ^ tung gty k> 1 ^ cbo dra me ^ hpc siidi rim: 1 ^ nat, (pity pli, Vific nang cao c h ^ hira^ g a o vian la bit sdc qum I i ^ g Nhto manh k ^ h<^ t i t cto logi hinfa gito dpc
OH nha lnm«^ va xft bpi Ounmg trinh gito
<fac dgo due mdi did trpig htm vto vi^; dfinh
^ dwc tai qua cto b o ^ dpog tiiuc tila d l trau
dm dao due mpt cftdi chu ^ag hon dio cto
em Hfi thing lir vto troi^ nhft tnidng ngfiy cai^ ^ p c hoto I h i ^ ^ u p cto em gifti qtiy^ rinb^ v ^ de IRM^ ddi s o ^ t m d i ^ hpc nhu bao lvc riifi tnidi%, bo hpc vft uto nSn idiEhig
l a ^ vi sai l^cfa ve d ^ doc vft nhto cftch ciia
c t o a n
Thu hai th^ hiin cdi cddt qum ly hanh dtttA vd tdi chinh cuaffdotfyc
Hoto dii«a td dnic vft phto djnh id itog didc ntog, riti^ vv, q i ^ hgn eua cto d p
tpma if bftnh chinb vfi tfti dindi gito dpc Etp
gito (M: vft cto CO quan trvc duific Ift dli bi^ig
^ tifin d n phfti cfti ^ Nftm 1998 thfinh lip Cvc diuyen ngfinh v l gjto dpc tiurdng XIQ^I, Vifin quoc gra v l cto vni d l gito c^ic du^c td daic lgi, Cto vifin t i u t e ^ dupc rft sofit Igi ctm: ntog i d i i ^ vv-Chbdi idd kifin qiQ<ilt log!
bd nlAng i n i d i ^ v i ^ ylu ktoi vft h o ^ dfing khfing hieu qua
Phto d p mgnh quto If gito dvc cbo cto d|a
phmmg cung lfi mpt budng uu tifin cua cai
cadL Nhft midc a i baa hftnh nhieu lu|t lfi nhfim
bfi simg vft hoto diifin co so [rfifqi ly cho h o ^
^ n g ^ t o due d c t o dja phuoi% trong dd dtog chu y lfi Lu^ '^Tv trj gjto dvc dja f*mmg" ra ddi vto tiitog 7 ntoi 1999 Vdi Lu^ mdi nfiy cto d i a p b i n ^ c d quyen rfii^ rfti ban Inmg vi|c (pqret ^ ^ cto vln d l gito dvc cua miriu
5 ^ ] ^ CO d u Id cfadc gito ( ^ sao dio f^
h ^ vdi t}^lc t l cua ^ |dnnmg, iang cao thifa
Trang 9sang tao, tir chii cua cac co so giao due Khdng
chi CO sir phan quyin vi mat 16 chiic giao due
ma tai chinh cung la mot noi dung quan trong
eila cai each Tim chung lai la giai quyft thoa
dang quan he giila chinh quyin Trang uong va
ehinh quygn dia phuong vl vi|c thirc hi|n cdc
nguon thu, cae khoan ehi va ho tro tti chinh
Dac bift khuyin khieh dja phuong ting ngu6n
thu va tv ehu mue chi cho phil hop voi thuc tl
3.2 Miring, diiu cblnh va hoan Ihifn cic
dlch Vfiy ti
Thiahil laag kinh phi va ahia lire cha Hnh
vuc yli
Chi phi eiia Chinh phii eho eac chuong Irinh
Cham sde siic khoe da tang Kn nhanh chong:
neu nhu nam 2003 chi phi y t l 14 266.048 ty
yen trong ting s3 842.582 chi phi an sinh xa
hoi (chiem 31,6%) thi nam 2007 cac eon s6
tuong Ung la 289.462 va 914.305 (ehilm
31,7%) Mirc tang cho y tl la 8,8% so viJi miic
tang ehung eiia chi phi an sinh xa h^i 8,5%
Ngay nay Nhjt Ban vin tilp tyc nim Irong s l
cae nuoc phat hiln e6 nin y te tien tiln
Thli hai md rpag chi dp bao hiim y li cho
loaa ddn
Phan ldn chi phi eho djeh vu y t l cCIa Nhjt
Ban la do hf thing bSo hilm y tl cdng cdng
cung cap Nhat BJn da thuc hifn hao hilm y tl
cho toan dan tit nam 1961 vdi nhimg chuong
trinh bao hilm y tl khae nhau nhir; bao hilm
nanh cho ngudi lim cong an luong, bao hilm
cho nhiing ngudi tu kinh doanh, bao hilm
Cham sde dii hsn Nhiing chuong trinh nay
khae nhau vi su ddng gdp, phin tro eip cila
nha nude vi mire lgi ich diroc hudng nhung co
che boi hoan la giong nhau
ft) Chuong iriah baa hiim sic khoe ciia
cons nhaa (63% dan si Iham gia) da„h cho
nhan ven cua eSc cdng ty, cac cd quan Chinh
phu vi cdng nhan 0 cae nha may do cdng ty
hoae mpt nhdm cdng ty td chiic Ngudn tai
chinh ciia chucmg trinh bao hiem nay do ngudi
sd dung lao ddng va ngudi lao ddng ddng gdp (8,5% luong) Nhiing ngudi thu$e chuong trinh bao hilm siic khde cda cdng nhan duoc chi ti^ 70% ehi phi kham chOa bfnh
(ll) Chuang Irinh bio hiim sue khde quic gia danh cho nhiing ngudi nr kinh doanh nhtt
ndng dSn, th(> thd cdng, lujt su, bac sT, k l c4 ngufti thit nghiep Trong chuong trinh bSo hiem quic gia, mdc ddng gdp dua vSo thu nhjlp
ca nhan va tai san, tiln ddng bao hilm cd thi khac nhau giila eac dja phuong Cac quyin 191
ho duoc hirdng tiiy ihu^c vao miic ddng gdp,
tuy nhiln khdng ed quyin \gi trong vifc nudi
ttd va thuong tft COng gilng nhiing ai tham gia chuong trinh tren, nhiing ngudi thuJc chuong trinh bao hilm sdc khde quiic gia cOng duoc chl tra 70% chi phi kham chUa bfnh Nam 2000, cd khoang 3.400 co sd cila bSo hilm siic khoe quic gia d tat ca cSc viing tidng nudc
(III) Chumtg trtah dpc biel danh cha nguil gia: bao hilm cham sdc dai h?n Tnrdc dSy, d
Nhjt Ban da cd m^t chuong trinh chSm sdc cho ngudi gia (tren 70 tudi, hojc td 65 - 69 tudi bj tan tjt) duoc thuc hifn tit nam 1983, nhung do ehl phi y t l cho ngudi gia ngay mft tang nin t i thang 4 nSm 2000 da ed thim chuong trinh bao hiem Cham sde dai hjn tach khdi bao hilm y tl Chi phi cho dich vy ngoai vife khim chQa bfnh
se do 3 d p chinh quyin (tmng uong, tinh, xa) ddng gdp vdi ti If ngang nhau v l tilu chuin
de tham gia chuong trinh bao hilm cham sdc dai hjn: nhiing ngufti trfn 65 lull (loji I) hojc nhdng ngudi tuli tir 40 - 65 (loji 2) nlu cd trfn
1 trong 15 bilu hifn cu thi cila nhdng bfnh vl nao, chdng lii lln cila tudi gia,
Nguin tti chinh n-ong cham sdc dai hjn cd dugc td tiln ddng bao hilm, tiln trg d p eila
nha nude va tiln chi tsd 10% cia ngudi sd
dung djeh vu Khoang 50% chi phi dlch vu Cham sdc dai hjn lly tit cjc cdng ty bao hilm
i
Trang 10i C17%di!lil^lojHv433%d4ih^J(p2i
I 5<''4*«»»c^,c»aChroliphu.aiSihqiqi&i
^ phiong cd the quyft dmh muc phi bao
ht&D cho nhiing ngudt thudc loji 1, udc tmh
khoang 2 900 yen m«t thang trong giai doan
2000 - 2002 Nhltag ngudi thudc loji 2 Ihi phi
%J s« bang 0,95% toong nfu trong chuong
tftih bao hifm do chinh phu quan ly va bang
1^8% nfu do Hifp b}i quan ly Muc cung chi
tffl 10% cSng ihfm mot phan chi phi cho 5n
aSfg nlu nam vtfn hojc o cac CO so cham sdc
•ftudc iKy, cham sdc dJi hjn cho ngufti gij
(tu* cung d p Jheo kilu "dich vu hjnh chli*"
bang d c bifn phap phuc Ijn cdng cdng cda
Chhh phi Nhung khi cd bao hilm cham sdc
dB Ijn thi nhOng ngufti diroc bao hilm mJ da
sl la ngufti gii sl phai ddng phi bao hilm
nhirng bd Iji hu cd thi chdn d|ch vvi ma h? dn
theo hdp ding Dty a sit thay d6i lu phdc lgi
d ^ vio oic bifn phap cda nha nude sang phdc
1^ dta vao hsp ddng Kit ^ua dilu tta cua Bi
Y.l^ phuc I(n, lao d0ng Nhjt Bin vl anh
hudiig cda bio hilm cham sdc dil hjn 4 77 cd
sdb^hilmvilgoo ngufti cho thty phjn hin
t ^ Ifti ia hii ldng vfti cic djch vn do bio hilm
cham sdc dil hjn cung dp, 40% cho iing cie
dich vn niy ai giip giim gSnh njng chim sdc
cll6«hai«»Bij«
, j | 3 | adng gdp cia ngifti gia trong chi phi
khim ehOa bfnh 14 10% dure bit dSu thw hifn
tij iMng Id - 2002 Mli Ich mi Ire em dudi 3
tudi dlisK; hudng IB ting t i 70% lln 80% Diy
li hhh thdc khuyin khich sinh de dl dli phd
v ^ ^ l t s n g s6 trf em dang giim d Nhjt Bin
Ngo4i,^j,^,NhSt Bin cdn th(rc hifn nhilu bifn
pMPjUil.tBacho ngudi gii, Chang hjn 70% chi
my li cho ngufti giitrfn 70 lull iugc liy id
svr adng idp cda tit ci cic chuong Mnh bio
hiSn, n g i M ^ au?b hudng dich vu chSm sdc
sK Hide iihliii!lll& iihung mdc ddng gdp Ii it
m£w!^2m: ASmial Rq»il on Heallh and
Weal&ie of Japan 21X12-2003 p.58
nhiL Hi^ nay do tudi thd ngiy m$t ning cao nen tadi thap nhit cho nhiing ngufti tham gia chuong dinh cham sdc y tl ddi vdi ngudi gia
da nang td 70 16n 75, uu tiln cho nhiing ngufti gia htm 75 mdi Khoang 1/4 bfnh nhln cao tudi
cd thi xuit vifn nlu ho nhjn dupc dich vu chara sdc tat nha tdt hon
Thuba diiu chinh he thing phi dich vu, gH thuic vi chl phiy ti
S Nhjt Ban, khdng cd su phan bif tra iing gida dich vu chlnh vi dich vu phiL Mjc di eic nha cimg d p bi cim khdng dUdc thu nhilu hon
ti If cdng dli Hi IB qiiy djnh cho cac dich vu chtah nhmg hp cd thi thu thim tit cac dich vu phn khdng cd trong danh myc Trong thuc tl khd cd thi phan bift gida 2 loji dd nfn din tfti svr Ijm dmg Cic khoin chi bing tiln mjt khdng chtah thitc thuftng di kim vdi vifc cung
d p djcb vy chtah
3.3.0/c* Vf xd hil dii vil phf nt, Irl em, nguil gii vi eic dil tupng yiu Ihi
Tied qny dinh cia Lujt bi mf trf em hf thdng td chic theo dOi sfte khde cho cic ddi tumig nay audc hinh Ihinh vi hojt ddng td d p
trung nong xudng dia |diuong 0 cip qudc gia
cd Ban y ti tnK thudc die Gia dtah vi hi em
cda B« Y tl vi phdc l(n quifi If Ban niy cd
nhiSm vii xiy dung chiln Iu(ic dii hjn vi ki
hojch hing nam vl quin \} cic chuong trinh Cham sdc sic khoi cho ba mf od em d d p
tlnh duoc giao nhifm vy cdng vdi cac dia phuong noi sd Qi theo ddi tlnh hlnh sic khoi cho cic all tipng niy, Sd theo ddi sdc khde dupc c% cho cic hd, Uong dd ghi Iji diy dd ttoh hlnh sdc khoe cia ngufti mf kl lit khi raang thai cho ain khi sinh dl vi nudi dudng Vdi cic bi mf nhi nudc dinh BP uu tiln ddi vdi cae dieh vp y tl Ut nhi, hpc tjp tji cic duftng va cic chl dd phdc Ipi xa hdi khic Vdi nhdng gia dtah khdng cd cha hojc rap diu dupc nhi nudc vi cpng ding tjo dilu kifn gidp dtt nhu: tup d p tiln nndi dudng hpc tjp, dio