Theo thong ke den ngay 4/2014, ndng thdn Viet Nam ed ty le ddn so Im 66,92% ddn so cua ed nude [13] Vi vdy, .t tnen ndng nghiep, ndng ddn vd ndng thdn d t Nam cd vai frd bet site quan fr
Trang 1VAI T R O C U A C O N G TAC X A HOI T R O N G P H A T TRIEN N O N G THON
a VIET N A M HIEN NAY
• Le Thi Hdng Hanh", Pham Hii'u Nghj"
Tom tat
Bdi viit di cgp din khdi niem, nhu cdu, quan diim vd ung dung eua eong tdc xd hoi trong phdt
n nong thdn Tie do gdp phdn cung cdp co sd ly ludn chung ve cdng tdc xd hdi trong phdt trien ndng
1, ldm can cie khoa hgc eho dinh hudng ddo tao vd van dung cdng tdc xa hgi trong linh vuc phdt
n ndng thdn d Viet Nam trong then gian tdi
Tie khoa: Cdng tdc xd hdi, phdt trien nong thdn, Viet Nam
1 Datvande Ngaynay.vdisyraddivaphattnencuanghe
Viet Nam la mdt qudc gia cd nen kinh te chii cdng tdc xd hdi (CTXH), nhung khd khan, thach
dya vdo ndng nghiep Theo thong ke den ngay
4/2014, ndng thdn Viet Nam ed ty le ddn so
Im 66,92% ddn so cua ed nude [13] Vi vdy,
.t tnen ndng nghiep, ndng ddn vd ndng thdn d
t Nam cd vai frd bet site quan frgng doi vdi sy
tiiirc frong qud trinh PTNT d Viet Nam da frd thanh van de va doi tugng eua CTXH Ddnh gia mgt each
cy tiie thi CTXH cd vai frd quan trong frong qua trinh do thi hda d ndng thdn, nham phoi hgp vdi eac chuyen gia phdt trien kinh te vd cde nhd lam
it trien kinh te xa hdi eua ddt nude ndi chung va cdng tdc quy hogch nong tiidn de ddp iing nhu can
z cai thien dieu kien sdng ve kinh te, xd hdi cho ve nha d, viec lam cho ngudi ngheo, ngudi yeu the
ing cu dan vimg ndng thon ndi rieng Nhdn bi§t vd gidi quyet eac van de xa hdi frong nen kinh te
fctam quan frgng dd Dang va Nhd nude ta da hien dai [17] Tuy nhien, ve mat khoa hoc, CTXH
I hdnh nhieu chinh sdch phat tnen ndng nghiep, frong PTNT vdn cdn la mdt ITnh vuc khoa hge kha
mdi me, he tiidng co sd ly ludn vdn ehua dugc dinh
lg thdn nham "cdi frdi vd thuc day" su phat trien
tl te, xa hgi ndng tiidn Chinh sdch "tam ndng"
re cu the hda frong Nghi quyet 26-NQ/TU' cua
1 Chap hanh Trung uong Ddng, ban hdnh ngay
8/2008 la nen tdng quan trong de phdt trien ndng
dep, ndng thdn Sau rtiiimg doi mdi mgnh me,
a nay "xd ndng thdn mdi" cua Viet Nam da dat
IC nhirng thdnh tyu to Idn ve mat kinh te ciing
hinh cy the md mdi chi dugc the hien frong mdt so bai gidng cua edc trudng dgi hgc cd dao tao nganh PTNT Con frong tiiye tien, CTXH cung ehua dugc quan tam nghien eitu va vgn dyng hieu qud
Tit nhirng trinh bay fren, cd the thay rang, tiiyc tiln ddo tgo vd thuc hdnh CTXH dang dat ra yeu cau ve nghien ciiu mdt each cy the, cd he thong
J sd ha tang TLQ' nhien, phdt trien ndng thdn van de CTXH frong PTNT fren co sd tong ket Iy
UT) d Viet Nam vdn cdn ton tai nhieu khd khan
thach thuc, chdng han nhu tinh frang co sd ha
g t h ^ kem; ngheo ddi; khdng day du cac dich
:ham soc siic khde, gido due, nhieu ndng hg vdn
L chua cd nude sach sinh hoat, nhd tara vd nhd xi
»ve sinh; mdi trudng bi d nhiem; dgo due bi bang
li vd xuat hien nhieu te ngn xd hdi [3], [17]
lugn vd thye te nhdm hd fro eho cdng tdc ddo tao nhan vien CTXH, phoi hgp vdi ehuyen gia PTNT tinic day giai quyet cac van de xa hdi tgi cac vimg nong thdn
2 Mot so khai niem 2.1 Nong thon
Ndng thdn la mdt thugt ngu dugc su dyng de img khd khan, tiidch tinic fren da tdc ddng den phan vung lanh tiio ciia cdc quoc gia Hien nay, fren
a qud ciia nhieu ehinh sach PTNT, cdn frd viec
c hien quyen con ngudi va kim ham vi the kinh
<& hdi cua cu dan vung ndng thon, ldm ndy sinh
8u van de xahdi, tham ehi la cd xung dot xahdi
mdng Dai hpc An Giang
^en Nghien ciJru Nha nuac va Phap luat Hoc vien Khoa
till gidi thugt ngii ndng tiidn duoc dinh nghTa theo nhieu quan diem vd tieu chl khdc nhau Cd nhieu each hieu ve ndng thdn duoc xay dung dya fren chi tieu ddn so, mat do dan cu, vimg ehu yeu lam ndng nghi?p va thiet ehe xd hdi Tuy nhien ciing cd each hieu ve ndng thdn dugc xdy dyng dya fren chi tieu ket cau eo sd hg tang, phat trien san xuat hang hda hogc nhimg quan diem kit hop tat cd cac tieu chi fren
Trang 2TRUCtNG DAI HOC DONG THAP ^ _ _ _
Dgi di|n cho tieu chi ve dan so, mgt do dan
cu vd nghe nghiep Id quan diem qudn ly eiia chinh
phu Vi?t Nam Theo Quyet dinh s6 132-HDBT
ngdy 5/5/1990 cua Hdi dong Bg trudng (nay Id
Chinh phu) ve viec phdn logi dd thi va phan cap
qudn ly do thj tiii khu vuc ndng thdn duge hieu la
diabdn dan cu cd so luong dan tgp ttung dudi 4.000
ngudi, mat do dan cu it hon 6.000 ngudi/km- vd
ti le lao dgng phi ndng nghidp dudi 60%, tire Id ti
le lao dgng nong nghiep dat tir 40% frd len Khi
ban ludn ve chuong trinh xay dung ndng thdn, Bg
Ndng nghi#p va PTNT quy dinh "vimg/khu vyc
ndng tiidn la phan lanh tiio khdng thuoc ngi tiianh,
ngi thi cac tiianh phd, tiii xd, thi fran, dugc qudn ly
bdi c ^ hdnh chinh ca sd la tiy ban nhan ddn xa"
(Dllu 1- Thdng tu so 54/IT - Bd Ndng nghi?p va
PTNT ngay 21/8/2009) [12] Cdeh hilu fren dimg
vdi tbyc t l cua Vi?t Nam nhung mdi chu frong den
van dl qudn ly varanh gidi giiia do tin vandng thon
Dgi dien cho ehi tieu kit cau co sd hg tang hay
phat trien san xuat hang hda Id quan ^em cua cdc
tde gid Mai Thartii Ciie, Truong Van Tuyin Theo
dd, ndng thdn Viet Nam dugc hilu Id "viing sirtii
song ciia tgp hgp cu dan, frong dd ed nhieu ndng
ddn Tgp hgp cu ddn ndy tham gia vao cdc boat
dgng kinh tl, vdn hda - xa hgi vd moi trudng trong
mdt the che chinh tri nhat dinh vd chiu dnh hudng
cua cac to chirc khae" [3, tr 11] Vdi each hieu
nay, ndng thdn khdng chi dugc biet din thdng qua
ranh gidi khu vyc ma cdn dugc biet den thdng qua
su tham gia cua con ngudi frong cdc ITnh vyc tao
ra cua edi vdt chat vd tinh than tai noi cu tni, Ti^
nhien, cde quan diem fren vdn chua the hien duoc
trinh do phat tnen vd mite dg tiep can vdi cac dich
vu xa hdi cua cu ddn ndng thdn
Dai dien eho su kit hgp cua nhilu tieu ehi
la quan diem eua tac gid VQ Thi Binh (2006) [1];
Hodng Van Dinh vd Vu Dinh Thdng (2002) [6], Dd
Kim Chung (2009) [5] Theo do, ndng thdn la vimg
khdc vdi do thi bdi d dd cd cgng dong chii yeu la
ndng dan sinh song va lam ndng nghiep, cd mdt do
dan eu thap hon; cd ket edu ha tang kem phdt tnin
hem; cd mirc dg phue lgi xa hdi thua kem hon; cd
trinh do ddn tri, trinh dd tiep can thi trudng va sdn
xuat hdng hda thap hon Ndi mdt cdch khdc tiii ndng
thdn bao gom ca cdc ITnh vye kinh te, xa hgi, mdi
trudng, van hda, tai nguyen tiiien nhien, to chuc
va the che, cdng n ^ e vd ha tang co sd Cach bi
can nay tuong doi todn dien, bdi le cac quan ^e: xem xet ndng thdn vdi nhieu tieu chi quan ttpn dac biet Id bao hdm dugc nhieu van de cua ddi sor
xd hgi d khu vyc ndng thdn hien nay Tdm lgi, ndng thdn Id thudt ngu can dugc hii mgt each bao quat vdi moi mat eiia ddi song kii
t e - x a hdi ke cd dac diem ddn cu, mat do, hg tan mdi trudng - tdi nguyen thien nhien, tinh co k edng dong, phong tye tap quan, tin ngudng tniyi thong va nhung dgc trung rieng biet eua no Tren co sd quan niem ve ndng thdn cua c tdc gid trudc dd, nghien eiiu sit dung khai ni? ndng thdn sau Ndng thdn la khu vuc sinh soi frong don vi ldng xa c^a chu yeu cu ddn lam noi nghi?p, ncri ddy cd tdi nguyen tiiien nhien phoi phli nhung cd sy cdeh biet ve phat trien doi vdi kl vyc thanh thi (cd co sd ha tang kem phdt trien, c dich vy xa hdi hgn chl, trinh do ddn tri vd kha na tiep can thi tiTidng, sdn xuat hang hda tiiap) T hgp cu ddn nay ciing chia se va chiu rang buoc fc nhirng dac diem va lgi ich ehung nhu phong tyc t qudn, vdn hda, tin nguong, tdi ngi^en thien nhi
va mdi trudng song, Hien nay, ndng thdn duoe xay dung tiieo n
md hirtii mdi, ggi tdt la nong thdn mdi Ndng th mdi Id ndng thdn cd ha tang kinh te - xa hpi \ minh hien dai, sdn xuat phat triln ben vihig tli budng kinh te hdng hda, dan tri, ddi song vat cl
va tinh t h ^ cua ngudi ddn dugc ndng cao, an ra duoe ddm bdo nhung van giu dugc net dep triQ thong ciia ndng thdn Viet Nam (gia tri van h mdi trudng sinh thai) (Nghi qi^et so 26 - NQH ngay 5/8/2008 eua Ban chap hdnh Trung uc Ddng khda X)
2.2 Phat trien Phdt triln bao ham nhieu van de rdng Idn phite tap Dieu nay cd nghTa la phdt trien di hieu vdi nhieu ngii nghTa khdc nhau tiiy vao ti ITnh vyc cu thi nhu phdt trien kiitii te, phat ti van hda, phdt triln xa hgi, phat triln chinh tri
PTNT, phat tnen tiii trudng, phdt tnen do till, \
tnen giao due, phdt triln cdng dong, phat trien nhdp, phdt tnen phy nii Ti^ nhien, neu chi > xet phdt trien d mdt gde do hay mdt ITnh vut phdt tnin dd chi la dieu kien can ma chua phi dilu kien du eho sy phdt tnen toan dien cua mc
Trang 3hgi ndi chung hay mgt con ngudi ndi rieng
Xet ve mat lieh su, quan ni?m ve phdt trien
dugc thay doi theo Ihdi gian Theo tdc gidBui Dinh
Thanh, thugt ngir phdt trien ra ddi d My vdi nghia
la "vdn minh" Den nhimg nam 30 cua the ky XX,
tiiuat ngu phat trien dugc gdn vdi kinh te vd den
nhung nam 70 cua the ky XX, phat trien dugc md
rgng them nhieu ITnh vyc khdc nhu phat tnen ndi
sinh, phdt trien cdng dong, phdt tnen hdi nhdp, phdt
triln ve smh tiiai, phat trien xahdi chii nghia Cho
den nhirng nam 80 eua the ky XX, phdt tnen dugc
hieu Id sy phdt trien kinh te gdn vdi sy phat trien
con ngudi [16]
Theo nghTa tong quat nhdt, hien nay tiiudt ngu
phdt trien dugc hieu Id su tang trudng, dac bi^t la
su tang trudng kinh te cimg vdi sy bien chat xa
hgi theo chilu hudng hen bd xa hgi, nghia la theo
hirdng diing hon, tot hon vd dep hon Hay ndi edeh
khac, phat trien cd the dugc hieu Id mgt qud trinh
thay doi lien tyc lam tang trudng miic sdng cua con
ngudi va phan phoi cdng bdng nhimg thdnh qud
tang ttirdng frong xa hgi [1], [16], [10], [3], [11]
Cdn theo nghTa hep, thudt ngir phat trien dugc
gan vdi timg linh vyc cy the nhu phat tnen ndng
nghiep hogc ndng thdn, vdn hda, kinh te Theo
dd phdt trien dugc hieu la sy tdng trudng ve kinh
tl hoac Id hien dai hda hay sy nang cao chat luong
cugc song cua ngudi ddn
Du vdi nghTa rgng hay nghia hep, thudt ngir
phdt trien khdng chi quan tdm din sy tang trudng
kinh te ma cdn cdn phdi ddm bdo ndng cao chat
lugng cugc song ciia con ngudi, tien bd xd hgi va
ben viing ve mdi trudng Neu phat triln ch! chii
frgng den tdng trudng kinh te don thuan thi mdi
the hien dugc mgt phan, mdt yeu to chua day du
cua phat trien [3], [1]
Tdm lai, phdt trien la tgo dieu kien thda man
nhu cau song cho con ngudi, bao gom thda man
ve miic tieu thy hdng hda, ve dich vu xa hdi, ve
chat lugng cugc song, ve van hda tinh than, ve
moi trudng song va cac quyen co ban khdc nhung
khdng ldm t6n hai den mdi trudng sinh thai Phdt
frien mang tinh tiidi gian vd so sdnh
2.3 Phat trien nong thon
Thuat ngir PTNT duge de cgp vdi nhieu quan
diem khdc nhau vd thay doi qua cac thdi ky Ngdn
hdng the gidi da dua ra dinh nghTa (1975) "PTNT
lamgt chiln luge nhdm cdi thien cdc dieu kien song
vl kinh t l va xa hdi cua mgt nhom ngudi cu the
- ngudi ngheo d vung ndng thdn Nd guip nhiing ngudi ngheo nhat frong nhimg ngudi ddn sdng d cac vimg ndng thdn duoc hudng loi ich tit su phdt trien" [ddn theo 3] Ddy la quan dilm ma nhilu to chirc quoc te dang van dung d cdc nude dang phat trien, frong dd cd Viet Nam, Tuy nhien, mgt so quan (iem khdc lai cho rang PTNT khdng chi tap tnmg vao mgt nhdm ngudi ma la phat trien tat ca cac ITnh vyc cho dan cu vung ndng thdn Theo do, cac tac gid ndy eho rdng, PTNT Id phdt trien tong hgp tat
cd cdc van de gan vdi ddi song cua ngudi dan va mdi trudng, khdng gjan song d khu vuc ndng thdn (giao dye, y te, nha ciia, dich vy cdng cdng va co
sd vgt chat, nang lyc lanh dgo vd quan ly, phdt huy gia tri cdc di sdn van hda ciing nhu cdc van de ve kinh te ngdnh ndi rieng) Day la mdt qud trinh da chieu hudng tdi hdi nbiqi ben viing frong tat cd cac ITnh vyc (kinh te, van hda, xa hgi vd mdi trudng) D6ng thdi, PTNT eiing la mgt qud trinh cai thi^n
cd chii y, on dinh va ben viJng vdi nhiing thay doi
kinh tl, xdhdi, vdn hda, mdi tnrdng (hudng tdi hien dai vd su thinh vuong lau dai cua cd cdng dong) [9],[15],[3],[l,frlO]
Hien nay, PTNT phdi dam bdo dugc sy phat tnen ben vung Dieu nay cd nghTa Id qud trinh phdt tnen kmh te - xd hdi ndng thdn phdi phu hop vdi nhu cau ciia con ngudi, ddm bdo sy ton tai ben viing vd sy ttln bg lau ddi frong ndng thdn vd cho
cd quoe gia, Trong dd, nhan manh den boat ddng phdt trien lay ngudi ddn vd cdng dong lam trung tam [4], [3], [15], [9], [5]
Nhu vdy, tuy khac nhau ve each dirtii nghTa, diln dat nhimg cd the nhan thay mdt so dde trung
can bdn ve PTNT nhu sau' Thie nhdt, PTNT la
nhiing thay doi can thiet d timg khu vyc ndng thdn
vd nd la mgt qud trinh, chiln luge cdi thien; Thie hai, PTNT la sy phdt trien tong hop cua cdc van de,
edc linh vyc ciia ddi song kinh te - xa hgi d khu vyc
ndng thdn (tiep can todn dien); Thuba, PTNT phai
ed tinh ben virng; Thu ndm, PTNT phai dya fren
lgi ieh vd sy tham gia cua ngudi ddn va cdng dong ndng thdn, su hgp tdc giira ngudi dan, chinh phu
vd cac td chiic khdc; Thie sdu, PTNT phdi hudng
den hdi nhgp
Tir nhiing khai mem vd phdn tieh fren, cd till
Trang 4TRUCiNG DAI HOC DONG THAP
nhdn tiiay, PTNT la qua trinh tac ddng cd chii y den
tat cd cac ITnh vyc cua ddi sdng kinh tl, xa hdi d khu
vuc ndng thdn nhdm tgo &eu kien thda man nhu
can vd cdi thien vi tiie cua cu dan ndng thdn thdng
qua viee sit dung hi?u qua cac nguon lyc cd san tgi
&a phuong, gdp phan vdo sy bin viing vd hdi nhdp
cua ca khu vue ndng thdn va ciia dat nude Trong
giai doan hien nay, PTNT dugc eu till hda qua cac
chinh sdch, phong frdo xay dyng ndng thdn mdi
2.4 CTXH trong PTNT
CTXH Id mdt mgt nganh khoa hgc, mgt nghi
chuyen mdn dugc cdng nhan d nhieu nude fren
till gidi, frong dd ed Vi^ Nam CTXH tiieo duoi
myc tieu vi hanh phuc cho con ngudi va tten bg xa
hdi CTXH d Met Nam g§n lien vdi sy nghiep doi
mdi, sy phat trien kinh tl, xa hgi va hgi nhdp quoc
t l CTXH cd ba phuong phap thye hdnh chinh, do
la CTXH cd nhan, CTXH nhdm, to ehire va phat
triln cgng dong Vdi moi mdt phuong phap thye
hanh, mdt ITnh vyc tiiyc hiSn, CTXH lai cd nhiing
ky ndng vd ky thudt dae trung Trong do, phat triln
cgng dong vaPTNT deu dya fren nguyen ly lay phdt
tnen con ngudi vd cgng dong lam trung tdm nham
tao ra cde chiQ'en bien xd hgi frong cgng dong giiip
cdng dong ndng thdn tdng ndng luc, tiln tdi ty lyc
ciing nhu gdp phan cai thien ddi song vdt chat, ttnh
than, duy tri cdng bdng xa hgi vd bdo ve tai nguyen
mdi trudng d khu vuc ndng thdn
Tren ca sd nhiing quan mem ve ndng thdn,
phdt triln vaPTNT, nhdm tdc gid dua ra khdi lu^m
CTXH trong PTNT la viee van dung phuong phdp
can thiep ciia CTXH vdo cdc hogt dgngPTNTnhdm
giup cu ddn nong thon gidi quyet cdc vdn di trong
qud trinh phdt triin thong qua viec kit ndi, cung
cdp cde dich vu vd sie dung hieu qud edc ngudn
luc sdn cd tgi cong ddng di thoa mdn nhu cdu, cdi
thien vi thi Trong do, phuang phdp can thiep cua
CTXH trong PTNT dua tren phuang phdp to chiec
vdphdt trien cgng ddng
3 Vai tro cua CTXH trong PTNT Vifit Nam
hien nay
3.1 Dac diem nong thon va vai tro ciia
CTXH trong PTNT Viet Nam
Vi^t Nam la mgt quoc gia cd khu vuc ndng
thdn rgng Idn va ddng ddn nhat, noi cd ty le dan
so chiem 66,92% dan so ciia cd nude (tinh din
1/4/2014) [13] Dacbi^, day ciinglanai da dang vl
thdnh phan tdc ngudi, ve van hda, dong tiidi non thdn Cling la noi bdo ton, luu giir cdc phong tuc, ta qudn Ciia cdng dong Xet mdt each eu the thi non thdn Viet Nam ed mdt so dac diem dac thii sau:
- Ndng tiidn Viet Nam cd mgt lugng tai nguye thien nhien phong phu, dieu kien ty nhien va mi trudng sinh thdi da dang, bao gom tai nguyen da nude, khi hgu, rimg, sdng suoi, ao ho, khoang sSi
he dgng thye vgt
- Cu dan chii yeu la ndng dan va lam non nghi?p, lam nghidp, ngu nghi?p, eac nganh ngh san xuat kinh doanh, dich vu phi nong nghi?] Trong cac ldng xa fruyen thong, san xuat non nghiep la nguon sinh ke chinh ciia dgi bo pha ndng dan, Hien nay, cde viing ndng thon ciia Vii Nam duoc phdt trien theo hudng hi$n dai hoi cdng nghidp hda, do do cu ddn cu frii tiiuc hie nhieu hoat dgng kmh t l khac nhau, gom ca sa xuat ndng nghiep, san xuat cong nghidp, thuon mai vd dieh vy
- Cu ddn ndng thdn cd moi quan h^ hp lpc v gia ^nh chat che vdi nhiing quy dinh cy the Da biet d nhieu viing ndng thdn, tinh eo ket cpng don rat ben chdt
- Vimg nong thdn Viet Nam luu giu vdb^ to nhieu di sdn van hda cua quoc gia nhu cac phoi)
tuc, tap quan ve ddi song, van hda, lich sii, dao
lam thang canh Day chinh la noi ehita dung ldi tang van hda dan tdc, dong thdi Id noi giai tti \
du lich hap ddn
Hien nay, cimg vdi su phdt triln Idn mgnh\ kinh te, ndng thdn vandng ddn Vi$tNam dang phi doi mat vdi nhieu van de frong qua trinh phat tna
Ty le hg ngheo d khu vyc ndng thdn cua Viet Nai chiem khodng 92,29% so vdi tong so hg ngheo c nude [2] Ben canh dd, phan Idn cac vung non thdn d Vi§t Nam cd hg tiing co sd kem, san xui ndng nghidp nhieu nii ro, ddi song ndng dan M khd khan, ngudi ddn nhieu vung ndng thon co I
tudng -^ lai, khdng dya fren ndi lyc va sire mar
ciia cdng dong, ndng lyc sdn xuAt vdn cdn thap [7] Sy each biet giua cac vimg ndng thon va that thi ngay cang nhieu [15] Su suy tiioai nguon t nguyen va d nhiem mdi ttirdng ciing nhu nguy | dartii mat bdn sdc van hda cua cac cgng dong di tdc dang la thdeh tinic cua qua trinh phdt ttien [18 Tinh frgng fren da khiln cho cu ddn ndng tiion Vi
Trang 5un phdi ganh chm nhilu van de v l ngheo ddi,
3c ldm, di cu, 6 nhilm mdi trudng, thilu dat sdn
lat, thilu nude sach, thieu an toan do xuat hien
c te nan xd hdi vd thieu ea co hgi ttep cgn vdi
c dich vy xa hgi so vdi cu dan dd tiii Theo mgt
ldo sat ciia Nguyln Thi Thu Hd nam 2013 ve
)di mdi CTXH frong dieu kien kinh t l thi trudng
, hgi nhap qudc te - ly ludn va tbyc tiln" thi ITnh
tc CTXH vdi xda ddi, gidm ngheo, frong dd ed
la ddi gidm ngheo d khu vue ndng thdn dugc da
cdn bd CTXH cho rdng la ITnh vye dang cd nhu
u cao nhat tai Viet Nam hi?n nay (51,6%) Dong
di, neu so sdnh nhu cau vd ITnh vyc dang hoat
mg manh rtiiat thi CTXH vdi phdt tn en cdng dong
ng frong trudng hgp cung khdng dii cau (35,0%
vdi 44,8%) [8]
D I gidi quyet cac van de frong xa hgi ndng
on ciing nhu tien tdi gidm khoang each phat trien
tia vimg ndng thdn vd do thi, cac ehuong trinh
am ngheo va PTNT da duoe xay dung, triln
lai Cd thi ndi, cac chuong ttinh PTNT Id rtiiung
uong trinh rdng Idn vd phirc tap, lien quan den
inh sdch quoc gia vd cua timg dia phuong Hi^n
,y, cdc chuong trinh PTNT, ma cy the la chuong
nh muc tieu quoc gia xay dung ndng thdn mdi
roe thiet ke theo hudng dya frSn nhu cau vd ndng
c cua chinh cgng dong ndng thdn Tuy nhien de
ng dong ndng thdn khoi day dugc nang iyc ciia
inh, tu tim cde gidi phdp de xay dyng ndng thdn
yi mdt cdch ben viing lai Id dieu khdng don gidn
] Bdi le, fren tbyc te cd nhieu cgng dong ndng
5n da quen song dua vdo su hd frg cua nha nude
gc khdng du kha nang vd co hgi de tiep can vdi
c nguon lyc xa hdi frong viec gidi quyet van de
a minh Nhiing van de fren chinh la doi tugng
n viec ciia ngdnh CTXH Vdi triet ly lay nguon
: ben frong eua edng dong lam ddng lyc ciia su
dt trien, CTXH vdi cgng dong chinh la phuong
dp d ^ img duge yeu cau vl vi?c phat huy hon
a vai frd chii the ciia cu dan ndng thdn ma cac chi
, nghi quyet eua Chinh phu ve PTNT da de cap
Nhu vdy, thuc te fren cho thay Vi et Nam dang
nhu cau ve CTXH frong PTNT Dieu ndy cd
hTa Id chuong trinh PTNT d Viet Nam rat can
It phdi van dung cde phuong phdp can thiep khoa
c cua CTXH frong qua trinh giai quylt van dl
tiiu vyc ndng thdn nhdm dem lgi hi?u qua ben
vung Vd hogt dgng cua CTXH frong PTNT khdng chi gidi hgn d viee hd frg hieu qua cho viec tbyc hien cac chuong trinh xdy dyng ndng thdn md cdn cung vdi can bd PTNT ho frg eu ddn gidi quyet cac van de xa hgi dang ton tai hodc phdng ngiia nhiing van de cd the xdy ra ddi vdi cgng dong ndng thdn Vdi vai frd vd vi tri cua minh, CTXH hien nay dugc coi Id nhan td ndng cdt frong cdc chiln luge giam ngheo vd phdt frien ben viing vimg ndng thdn d Viet Nam
3.2 Quan ffilm ve CTXH trong PTNT &
Viet Nam
Thye tiln cho th%^, phuong phap can thiep eiia CTXH frong PTNT d Viet Nam la phuang phdp phdt trien edng dong va thudng dugc tap tnmg ehii yeu tai nhirng khu vuc ndng thdn ngheo, kem phdt ttien Vi vgy, cd the khang dinh CTXH frong PTNT d Viet Nam da dugc du nhdp tir nhung ndm dau thdp nien 50 cua till ky XX, nhung cho den nay day van la mgt ITnh vyc khd mdi me Dac biet, he thong CO sd ly ludn phdn dnh thye frang cua hoat dgng CTXH frong PTNT van chua dugc dinh hinh Trong thdi ky trudc ddi mdi ddt nude, khi
ma CTXH chua duge ehinh tiiiie thira nhdn nhu mdt nghe chi^en nghiep tai Viet Nam, boat ddng cua phdt trien edng ddng frong PTNT pho bien Id theo hudng tir fren xuong, ttic la dya vdo ndng lyc chiQ'en mdn ciia cdc chuyen gja den tir ben ngodi thay vi dya vdo ndi luc cua cgng dong ndng thdn [11], [14] Vdi quan diem tap tmng gjdi quyet cdc van dl khd khan, nhu can va sy thieu hyt ciia cdng dong cu ddn ndng thdn nen cdc nhd nghien ciiu, hogch dinh chinh sach PTNT thudng tim cde gidi
p h ^ dl bil day? cho nhiing khd khdn ciia cdng ddng Dac biet, tai cdc vung du an, cac nha tai trg thudng chii y vao viec dieu fra nhu cdu, phdn tich hien frang de phat hien nhiing van de cdn ldm cho cu dan ndng thdn vd tbyc bien su menh hay chii fich cua td chiie minh Chinh fieu ndy dd khien ngudi ddn duoc xem nhu la nhung khdch hdng tieu thu sdn pham ciia cdc chuong trinh phdt trien tir chinh phu hodc cdc to chiic phat trien Va cu ddn ndng thdn ton tai tu tudng xem frong cde ho trg tit ben ngoai hon la nguon lyc san cd tii ben frong Dieu nay ddn den su tan ra dan cac moi quan he lien kit cdng dong ciing nhu khdng khai thdc dugc ngi lyc
vd kha nang ndi tai cua ngudi dan d ndng thdn [18]
Trang 6/i vgy, nhieu chuong trinh du an phdt trien cdng
long ndng thdn frong giai doan nay dd that bai do
ly thilu hyt y chl va nd lyc ciia ngudi dan Cdeh
hue hi?n ^ dat ti: fren xuong da khien cho cgng
tdng ndng tiidn dimg ngoai cde chuong ttinh, dy
in va thu dgng tbyc hien cdc hogt dgng da dugc de
a Dang chu y Id cdch tbyc hien ndy cdn khien eho
inh ben viing cua cac hogt dgng khong duoe duy
ri sau khi cdc du an kit thiic vd nit khdi cgng dong
Sau dii mdi (thap men 80 - 90 cua thi ky XX),
;dc nhd nghien cuu va thuc hanh CTXH cgng dong
ihdn thay nhieu diem han ehe frong quan dilm phdt
rien dya vao nhu cdu, dong thdi hg cung dugc kl
hita nhung kiln thiic mdi tir nhiing nhd nghien
;iiu ly ludn vd thye tiln fren the gidi Liic nay, boat
lgng CTXH frong PTNT d Viet Nam da chu frgng
ion den sy tham gia cua ngudi ddn frong tten trinh
a quyet dinh ciing nhu frong viec thye hien cac
;huang triitii phdt triln [18], [14] Vdi quan dilm
lay, ngudi dan ndng thdn cd khd nang tu to chitc,
hdng qua to chirc ciia rieng ho, hg cd kha ndng
cac djnh nhu cdu cua minh, chia se thilt ke, thuc
uen va lugng gid hdnh ddng ciing tham gia (FAO,
1982) Vd cdc cong cy frong phuong p h ^ dieu fra
ldng thdn cd su tham gia (PRA), hdnh dgng - hgc
dp cd sy tiiam gia (PLA) Id cdc cdng eu chinh ciia
luan dilm ttip cgn ndy Quan diem tilp can cd sy
ham gia ciia CTXH cgng dong phii hop vdi quan
Kem cua Dang vd Nhd nude Viet Nam hien nay,
td Id Phdp l?nh thuc hien dan chu d xa, phudng,
hi fran "ddn biet, dan ban, dan ldm va ddn kilm
ra" Tuy nhien, frong qud trinh phdt triln xuat hi§n
ihung nhdm ngudi de hi ton thuong, ma frong do
/an de ngheo ddi Id van de nan gidi d hau hit khu
nic ndng thdn Nguyen nhan goc re cua ddi ngheo
d do cdn cd cac bat edng, ton tai sy phan biet doi
tli Vi vdy, CTXH cgng dong da dp dyng quan dilm
'I qi^ln con ngudi dl phan tieh cac nguyen nhan
;6c rl cua sy ton thuong vd chi ra pham vi frdch
ihigm eua cdc ben lien quan Vdi quan diem nay
;ac chuan muc, nguyen tac, tieu chuan ve quyin
:on ngudi se dugc long ghep vdo ke hoach va qud
rinh cua edng tae phdt triln Trong tdm ciia quan
liem ttep edn dya fren quyin con ngudi la tgp ttimg
'do nhdm de ton thuong va nguyen nhan goc re ciia
'an de, moi quan h? giua co quan cdng quyen va
igudi mang quyin dl tti dd ttao quyen vd ndng eao
ndng lyc cho nhung nhdm ngudi dl bi ton thuong [18], [14]
Din nay (cuoi nhiing nam 90 cua till ky XX
va ddu the ky XXI), CTXH dugc coi frgng, phat trien vd frd thdnh mdt nghe cbinh thitc d Vi^ Nam, quan diem tbyc hien CTXH frong PTNT ciii^ duoc chuyin dich theo hudng tu fren xuong sang tu duoi len Quan dilm nay ed nghTa Id frao quyin tii chij cho cgng dong, cde to chirc ben ngoai cgng dcing ehi ddng vai frd hd frg, tinic day hodc cau noi Va trilt ly ciia quan dilm tiep cgn tir dudi len la 1% dan lam goc, khen dgy tat catiem nang, sy tiiam gia tieh eye va tang cudng quyin luc cua cgng dong ndng thdn frong qua trinh phat tnin Hien nay, quan diem phdt tnen dua vao nguon lyc va cpng dong ty dieu hanh la hai each tiep can hi^n dgi ciia CTXHcdng dong [14], [18] Trong do, bg cdng cy
de nghien ciiu va thuc hanh CTXH cgng dong dya vdo ngi lyc (ABCD: Assets based for communis development) Id cdng cy chinh cua quan tfiem tiep can ndy Quan Aim nay thudng tilp cgn den nguon luc dang ton tgi frong cac moi quan he xa hpi, cac
to chirc hen ket ciing nhiing mgng ludi xa hpi chinh tiiirc vd khdng chinh thuc Dong thdi, quyen luc
se dugc trao cho ngudi dan frong cgng dong qua hinh thiic tgo co bdi cho hg tham gia tich cyc vao qud trinh phat triln chung ciia ca cdng dong [18], Vdi quan dilm ttep can dua vdo nguon lyc va cong
dong ty &eu hdnh thi mgi khia cgnh cua ddi song
xa hgi se duge phat triln dong bg, ngudi dan thaj doi vl nhdn thuc, hanh vi va cdc moi tuong quar frong cgng dong, tit do gdp phan phat trien her vung khu vyc ndng thdn Tuy nhien, nhiing hoai ddng PTNT d nude ta vin chua tiiyc sy tiep car theo phuong phdp phdt triln cdng dong Ngudi dar
cd tham gia hudng img nhung chua mang tinh chi dgng Cac chuong trinh chi tgp ttimg vao nhi?ii
vy vd myc tieu ma it quan tdm den viec xay im
va phat huy nang lyc cho cgng dong Ngudi dai
frong edng dong chua cd khd nang ty xay d\mg i\
dn phdt tnen fren co sd nhu eau vd tiem lire cui dia phuong [18],
Nhu vgy, lich su phat tnen da chiing minh, c( nhieu quan dilm va cdeh tilp cgn ve CTXH cpni
dong frong PTNT Cdc quan dilm va each ttep c^
rat phong phii do duge hinh thanh tti tinh da dan] eiia tiiuc tien vd sy du nhgp tir he tiiong ly tiiuye
Trang 7rXH phat tnen cgng dong d cac nude phat trien
leo tien trinh thdi gian, cdc quan diem ludn dugc
eu chinh de phu hgp vdi boi cdnh tiiyc te cua xd
ii Vd frong mdt ehuong trinh phdt triln cd the dp
mg mgt hay nhieu quan diem khde nhau de dem
i hieu qua vd su phdt trien ben viing eho timg
lu vye dan cu
3.3 Nguyen t3c hoait dong cua CTXH
ong PTNT
De van dung hieu qud cde cdng cy, ky thugt
la phuong p h ^ can thiep CTXH cgng ddng frong
fNT, tdc vien PTNT phai tuan ihu cac nguyen
c chinh sau:
Thie nhdt, thuc hien cdc chuang trinh PTNT
ldi bdt ddu tie nhu cdu, tdi nguyen vd khd ndng
ta chinh ngudi ddn trong cdng ddng E)ieu nay cd
jhiala, cac chuong trinh, dy an PTNT phai nhdm
ip img duge nhu eau cap thilt vd cdn tiiiet ciia cu
in ndng thdn Mdi mdt khu vyc ndng thdn lgi cd
liing nhu cau can duoc tiida man khdc nhau vd nhu
iu nay cd the khac vdi nhu cau cua nhd tdi fro hodc
linh quyen dia phuong Vi vay, hoat ddng phdt
iln tai mdi khu vuc ndng thdn can phdi xuat phdt
: yeu to ngi tgi cua ngudi dan, tir nhung nguon tdi
rayea va nang luc, kinh n ^ e m mangudi ddn cd
hung hd fro ben ngodi nhu chuyen mdn, ky thudt
i tdi chinh rat can thiet nhung chi dugc xem Id
lat xiic tac giiip cu ddn ndng tfadn tiiam gia tich
re vd cd frach nhiem frong qua trinh phat trien
Thie hai, tin tudng vdo ngudi ddn, vdo khd
ing thay doi vd phdt triin cua cgng dong ndng
on Vdi ngi^en tdc nay, tdc vien PTNT phdi ludn
1 rdng cu ddn ndng tiidn dii cd ngheo, khd khan,
inh dg hgn chl thi hg ludn cd kinh nghiem, dc
ng tao, tinh gdn bd, khd nang qudn ly va mong
uon dugc thay doi cugc song edng dong Nhgn
ire duoc nguyen tdc fren, tac vien PTNT vgn dung
TXH frong PTNT mdi khdng lam thay, lam hd
judi dan ma cimg song, cung ldm vdi ngudi dan
i khiQ'en khich hg mgt cdch kip thdi Tit dd, qud
inh phat triln mdi huy dgng dugc siic manh vgt
lat va tinh than ciia cd cdng dong ndng thdn
Thie ba, khuyin khieh ngudi ddn cung tham
a, ddnh quyin tu quyet cho cu ddn ndng thdn
I tham gia la yiu to co ban cua dudng loi CTXH
ing dong Dieu nay nhan manh rdng, cdc chuong
nh dy dn phdt trien muon thdnh cdng vd ben viing
phdi khuyen khieh duoc sy tham gia day du, tich eye eiia ngudi dan vdo cae boat ddng Moi hdnh dgng eiia tac vien PTNT vd lanh dao cdng dong chi duge xuat phdt dua frSn co sd y kien cua ngudi ddn Khi ngudi ddn duoc tham gia thdo ludn, bdn bac, dua ra qi^'et dinh, lya chgn gidi p h ^ thi hg se la ngirdi lam den ciing va cam thay cd frach nhi$m vdi quylt d^nh ciia ban than vd cdng dong Dong thdi, thdng qua nhiing hoat dgng nay, cu ddn ndng thdn duge tdng cudng ndng lyc vd khd ndng doi phd vdi edc tinh huong cd van de
Thie tu, bdt ddu tie nhimg hogt dgng nhd Ddi
tugng cua CTXH frong PTNT la nhirng vdn de ciia cu dan ndng thdn noi ma trinh do phat trien, kien thirc va ky nang cua ngudi dan cdn ban che
so vdi cu dan khu vyc thanh tin Do do, de cu dan ndng thdn cd thi ty tin tham gia vao cac hogt ddng PTNT thi ho can dugc khuyen khich tiiam gia tir nhiing hogt dgng nhd, don gidn Vdi nhung boat dpng nay, ngudi dan se dan dan ty tin frong dilu hanh vd quan ly dl dgt duoc tiianh cdng Ddy ciing
Id ngiQ'en tdc nhdm tang nang lyc cho cgng dong
Thii: ndm, tgo nhieu ca hoi de ngudi ddn hgp tdc, tuang trg lan nhau, dSc biet Id cdc nhdm cu ddn yiu thi trong cgng ddng ndng thdn Khoi ggi
tinh CO kit va tno'ln thong ttrong frg eua cu dan ndng thdn bdng cac boat ddng chung, mang tinh cgng dong, ldng xa nham gjiip cdc thdnh vien ttong cgng dong tdng kha nang hgp tac, phdi hgp cung dgt myc tieu chung Dac biet, frong viec tiiuc hien cac hogt dgng chung can uu tien nhdm cu ddn yeu thi trong cgng dong, khi^en khich hg tham gia vdo cdc boat dgng chung ciing nhu khi^en khich nhirng thanh vien manh frong cgng dong budng dan, hd frg nhiing ngudi yiu the
Thiir sdu, mdrdng cde hinh thiec lien ket trong
vd ngodi cgng dong ndng thdn Xay dyng mgng ludi
lien kit cdc nguon lyc la mgt frong nhung nguyen tdc dem lai hieu qud eho eac chuong trinh PTNT Khi vgn dung dugc ngiQ'en tdc nay frong qud ttinh khien khai cac hoat ddng tai khu vuc ndng thon se tgo them siic manh vd tiing ndi cua cu dan ndng thdn frong viec frao doi, tdn dyng cac nguon lye ciing nhu dl xuat cac gidi p h ^ hodc thdm chi la
cd chinh sdch
Thu bdy, ddm bdo nhimg dgc diem ciia mdi khu vue nong thdn (su khde Met vimg, mien) Mdi
Trang 8TOUCfiSlG DAI HOC PONG THAP
khu vyc ndng tiidn cd nhu cau khac nhay cd dac
diem van hda, truyin tiidng, dan tgc, tdn giao, vi tri
dia ly - kmh t l - xa hdi, ttinh do, tiidi dg vd nguon
lyc khac nhau Viec ca biet hda tting khu vyc ndng
tiidn se giiip cho tdc vien PTNT cd quan diem vd
phuong phap, ky tiiudt can tiii?p dgc tiiii khdc nhau
Tbyc hi^n nguyen tac nay chmh la ddm bao lgi ich
thilt tiiyc ciia timg nhdm cgng ddng, huy ddng dugc
sy tham gia ciia ngudi dan, khdc phuc dugc tinh
bao thu, quan ligu vd ciing nhac frong qud trinh hd
frg cu dan ndng thdn phdt trien
Thie tdm, ddm bdo tinh eong bdng vd ddn chit
trong moi hogt dong phdt triin Chl khi tbyc hien
dugc nguyen tac nay thi hoat dgng phdt tnen mdi
mang lai lgi ich cho cdc thanh vien trong cgng dong
Tir do, su tiiam gia va nang lyc ciia cgng dong cang
dugc nang cao
Thie chin, tudn thu theo tiin trinh Mgi phuong
phap tilp can frong qud trinh PTNT can tuan thu
tiln trinh ciia CTXH NIU khong tiiyc hi$n tiieo
tien trinh da xdy dung trudc dd tin mgi hogt dgng
se frd nen lgn xdn, mat phuong hudng va khd dat
dugc muc tteu de ra
3.4 iTng dung CTXH trong PTNT
CTXH ttong PTNT cung c ^ cho cu ddn vung
ndng tiidn cac dich vu thdng qua hinh tinic tiep can
tong hgp Tilp can tong hgp d ddy cd nghTa Id cung
cap dich vu fren tat cd cac ddi tugng vd cdc ITnh
vyc 0 mdi quoc gia, ndi dung cua CTXH trong
PTNT dugc xac dinh khac nhau tiiy vdo dilu ki^n
tbyc t l Trong boi canh hien nay d Viet Nam, tac
vien PTNT can cimg nhd hoaeh dinh PTNT tbyc
hien itiiung ngi dung chinh sau ddy:
Thu nhdt, cung cae nha hogch dinh PTNT
vd cgng dong ndng thdn xac dinh nhu cau, lgp ke
hoach phdt triln, tgo mdi tnrdng thuan lgi cho cu
dan ndng thdn phdt triln (van ddng chinh sach) va
danh gia qua trinh PTNT
Thie hai, frang bi kien thiic, ky nang, thai dd
cho cgng dong ndng thdn de hanh dgng chung
nham gidi qi^et hoae thuc hien cdc chuong trinh
phdt trien tgi cdng ddng Ndi dung dao tgo cdng
dong ndng thdn cd the lien quan den kinh te, chinh
tri, van hda, xdhgi, mdi trudng, site khde, sinh ke,
xdy dyng co sd hg tang
Thie ba, td ehire xdy dyng cdng ddng ndng
thdn gdn ket vd ben viing Tac vien PTNT sii dung
nhiing cdng cu, ky thugt de to chirc cac hogt d^ frg giup theo mgt tiln trinh cy till nhdm khuj khich sy tiiam gia chu ddng ciia eu ddn ndng tii vdo qua trinh phat triln Tir dd, tdng siie manh t cdng dong ndng tiidn frong vi$c tu quyet dinh ve phdt trien cila minh va sy dinh hinh ciia tucmg
Thie tu, tim kiem va kit noi cdc nguIn tai
phdt tiiln kinh te gia (£nh, sinh kl bin vimg va fro giai quylt van de, dap iing nhu cau phat tri Ket noi cu ddn ndng tiidn vdi edc to chitc tgi phuong, chinh quyin va cdc to chitc cung n nguon lyc tit ben ngodi Dong thdi, hd frg hg j dung mang ludi lien kit dl phdt trien
Thie ndm, ho frg gidi quyet ede vdn de vl v
lam, daiy nghe, gidm ngheo, chuc nang gia di van nan cd nhan vd dap iing cdc nhu eau co 1 ciia cu ddn ndng thdn nhu co sd ha tang, dich
xd hgi ndng thdn, bdo ve mdi tnrdng
Thie sdu, nghien eitu khu vyc ndng thon
kham phd va he thong hda tri tinic, cde mo h ehung lien quan din cac van dl cy tiie vd nhdm; thi nham van dgng, huy dgng, to chirc, cdi th
vd phat triln cdc chirtii sach, chuong trinh va c
vu Dieu nay cd nghia la phat hien nhiing van
lo hong eiia cdc chuang trinh, dich vu xa hgi chinh sach dl de xudt nhiing chinh sach phu h ddp ung nhu cau ciia cdng dong
4 Ket luan PTNT va CTXH cd chung quan dilm v l ' dan lam goc" vacimg van dung cac bg cdng cu nl huy dgng sy tham gja, huy dgng nguon lyc cua c dong Vdi nhung khd khdn vd thdeh thiic cua trinh PTNT, dgc biet la vdi nhung myc tieu, yeu cua chucmg trinh xdy dung ndng thdn mdi eho 1 CTXH cd vai frd vd ciing quan frgng Bdi le
khdng chi giiip cho cu ddn ndng thdn ndng cao i
nang luc vd khd ndng ty luc frong viec giai q van de cua cgng dong, vuot qua khd khdn ti thirc dl hgi nhap vdi khu vyc va quoc te ma thiic day qua trinh PTNT diln ra nhanh chdng, qud va ben virng hon Ndi cdch khdc, CTXH t PTNT chinh la mgt ITnh vyc can thiep eua Cl chuyen nghiep d khu vuc ndng thdn Do dd Nam can cd ca che, chinh sdch ve phat triln C" frong PTNT cung nhu ddo tgo bdi bdn, ehuyei
vl ITnh vyc nay nhdm cung cap nguon nhdi chat luong cho khu vyc ndng thdn Viet Ni
Trang 9Tai lieu tham khao
[1] Vu Thi Bmh, Nguyen Thj Vdng, Do Van Nha (2006), Gido trinh Quy hogch PTNT, NXB Ndng
nghiep, HdNdi
[2] Bdo dien tij Dang cgng sdn Viet Nam (10/2015), "Phe duy^t kit qud dieu tra, rd sodt hg ngheo, hg can ngheo nam 2014", http://dangcongsan.vn/chuong-trinh-135-va-cac-chuong-trinh-du-an-giam-ngheo/ phe-duyet-ket-qua-dieu-tra-ra-soat-ho-ngheo-ho-can-ngheo-nam-2014-350670.html
[3] Mai Thanh Cue, Quyen Dinh Ha, Nguyen Thj Tuyet Lan, Nguyen Trong Dac (2005), Gido trinh PTNT, Trudng Dgi hgc Ndng nghiep, Hd Npi
[4] Hoang Van Cudng (2002), Moi quan he giira cdc bien kinh tivd biin ddn s6 trong phdt triin cdc viing nong thdn Viet Nam, Luan an tten sT Kinh te, Trudng Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan
[5] Do Kim Chung (2009), Vdn de nong ddn, nong nghiep vd nong thdn trong su nghiep cong nghiip hoa vd hiin dai hda hien nay: Quan diem vd nhirng dinh hu&ng chinh sdch, Hgi thdo cdc Trudng Dai hoc
Viet Nam - Tnmg Quoc, Van de Nong ngliiep, ndng dan, ndng thdn, thang 12 nam 2009, Trudng Dgi hgc Nong nghiep H& Ngi
[6] Hodng Van Dmh vd Vu Dinh Thdng (2002), Gido trinh Kmh ti PTNT, NXB Thong ke, Hd Ngi
[7] Trdn Thanh Giang (9/2015), "Quan diem ciia Dang Cdng san Viet Nam vl van de "tam ndng" trong
giai doan hien nay", 5do dien tu Ddng cong sdn Viet Nam,
http.//dangcongsan.vn/tu-Ueu-van-kien/tu-lieu-ve-dang/gioi-tiueu-van-kien-dang/doc-09302015 95 3 0246.html
[8] Nguyen Thi Thu Ha (2013), Ddi mdi CTXH trong diiu tain hnh ti thi trudng vd hgi nhdp quoc
ti - lj> ludn vd thuc tien, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia Ha Ngi
[9] Ho Xudn Hung (Vii Van Phiic chii bien) (20\2),Xdy dung ndng thon m&i Id su nghiip cdch mgng Idu ddi cua Ddng vd Nhdn ddn ta, Xdy dung nong thdn mdi - nhOng vdn di If ludn vd thuc tiin, NXB Chinh
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Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Ngi
SOCIAL WORK ROLE IN VIETNAM'S CURRENT RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Summary This article presents the concept, demand, standpoint and application of social work in mral development, Thereby, it helps provide the theoretical background for social work in rural development, forming the fouudatton for social work education and application in Vietnam's mral development in the coming yedrs Keywords' Social work, mral development, Vietnam
Ngdynhgnbdi: 13/2/2017; Ngdy nhdn lai 17/4/2017; Ngdy duyit ddng: 26/7/2017