Quy nhdn lap md-^/^jL^Q Cach quy nhdn Ifin r^ua: Mach phdt fl cung phia tdy chay dfin cung phia dflng thi nh£5 hi^fit, huyfit nay bfin trong nhin thiy cfl hai sao Thdi duong cttng chifi
Trang 1TIM HIEU 28 CACH CHON THE DAT TRONG
TAAO CHAN TRUYENDIA LY
NGUYEN QUOC KHANH*
Tdm tdt: Td Ao chdn truyen dia ly la tac pham ciia Td Ao hpi tu day dii cac ylu tfi tir
thien van cho den dja ly ciia nuac Viet Nam Bai vifit buflfc ddu tim hilu, giai thieu vl 28 each chpn the dat mang tinh ca ban trong kham du Thong qua 28 each chpn thl dit nay, bfin cgnh viec tim hieu nguyen ly chgn the dat, tdc pham con phan anh ro net vl phong tue tdp quan, van hoa truyin thfing cua dan toe Viet Nam
Tdkhoa-.TkAo, dja ly, phong thuy, kham du Viet Nam
Abstract: This article aimed at researching and introducing 28 fundamental ways of
choosing the configuration ofthe land following to fengshui science explored in "Td Ao chdn truyen dia ly", one of Ta Ao's works which assembles the astronomical and geographical elements of Viemam With these 28 ways, the work both presents the principle of choosing the land and reflects the Vietnamese traditional customs and culture
Keywords: Ta Ao, geographical, feng shui, Viemamese surplus
j[ d Ao chdn truyin dia ly &.M^
#ifcJE la mgt ttong nhung tdc
phim thugc thfi Ioai kham du cua tdc gid
Ta Ao or Viet Nam Vfi khdi nifim "kham
du", theo y nghTa ctta Trung Hoa cfl dai
thi "kham" Id thien dao Id chfi cao; "du"
la dia dao, la noi thip "Kham du" Id mfii
quan he gitta thifin dao va dia dgo, dac
biet la kifin tiittc vfi dja hinh giua cao vd
thip Nfl Idy tiiuylt httu co, quan nifim ty
nhien Iuc dfl lam nfin tdng, dua cdc ngi
dung vfi thifin vdn, khf hgu, trai dat, tiitty
van, mfli tiirflng sinh thai, v.v vdo
ttong nghfi thudt chgn lya noi tiifi ddt cu
tni, bfi txx xdy dyng moi ttuong Vdy, vai
ttfl ctta "kham du" la phdn dnh ndng lyc
trye giac va kha ndng quan sat thdu ddo,
mOc mac ctta con ngufli dfli vfli tiiifin
nhifin, la eflng eu nghifin cttu vdn hfla dja
ly hgc, kifin tnic quy hoach Ngodi ra, nfl
cfln phdn anh phong tyc tap qudn, vdn
hfla truyen thflng sflng dgng cua cgng dflng cu ddn Xudt phat ttt nhiing hdm nghTa nfli tgi ctta khdi niem kham du, Td
Ao da som cfl mgt each nhin sdu sac, tiep thu chdt Igc kham du ctta Trung Hoa dfi thich hgp voi hoan cdnh dia ly Vi^l Nam
Ta Ao da de Igi nhieu tac phim vfi dja Iy
rat cfl gia tri ttong do co tdc phdm Td Ao
ehdn truyen dia ly
TdAockdn
Nam The nhung, vi khufln khfl bdi vifit, buflc ddu chiing tfli gifli thifiu va tim hifiu vfi 28 each chgn thfi dit dugc vifit ttong
Trang 2tdc phdm Td Ao ckdn truyen dia ly nham
cung cip mfit sfl thflng tin hiiu ieh cho cdc
nhd nghifin cttu quan tdm cung tham khdo
1 V^ van de van ban Td Ao chdn
truyen dia ly va bo cue ngi dung
Hifin nay tgi kho sach Vifin Nghien
cttu Hdn Nom dang luu gitt 5 van ban
Td Ao ckdn truyen dia ly mang cdc ky
hieu VHv.1661; VHv.783; VHv.483;
VHv 1660; A 1270 Cdc van ban nay
dfiu cfl hinh thttc vd bfl cue ngi dung
hodn todn giong nhau Cu thfi nhu sau:
- Cdc vdn ban dfiu o dang khac in,
kich CO 15 x 26 cm, gfim 86 ttang, do
Difin Ty Son Nhdn ^M>hJ^ hieu dinh,
in tgi co sfl NghTa Lgi, phfl Hang Dao,
Ha Ngi nam Khdi Dinh Ki Mtti (1919)
Trong dfl, ngay fl ttang ddu tifin, ghi:
"7a Ao chdn truyin dia ly Diin Tu San
Nhdn hieu chink, pkdt thu lgi Hdng Ddo
pho, Nghta Lgi hieu Khdi Dinh Ky Miii
xudni^m^\%i^m.^mdiK^k^^'%
ri~n¥Lm»i.^'m^^^^^iTd Ao
chdn truyen dia ly do Difin Ty San Nhdn
hifiu dinh, phdt hanh tgi co sfl NghTa Lgi,
phfl Hang Ddo vao mtta xudn nam Ky
Mtti nien hieu Khdi Djnh (1919)"
- Ttt ti^g 2 din trang 51 ghi vfi 28
each chgn the ddt (cfl hinh ve minh hga
kem tiieo), sau moi mgt tiifi dat la mflt
bdi tiio thdt ngfln ttt tuyet vd Ifli chtt gidi
Cy thfi la: Cdeh thtt 1, Thdi cgc chi do i^
^^% (Do hinh thai cyc) Cach thtt 2,
Md tu dd ^ ^ ^ ( D f l hinh con ngua)
Cach thtt 3, Mge tudng tkii tkdnh kim
link Ige Ikuy ^ ^^ "^ ^ ' t 3 %-7"^
(Tuflng dttng gitt thdnh tttc Id ntti hinh
moc fl ngoai Idm thanh, ntti hinh kim
4, Md lu tranh tiin phy tu ke kkdi
nguyin ^ - ^ - ^ ^ K ^ i ^ ^ i G (Ngya
tranh Ifin truflc, each cha con ke tifip
nhau dfl dat) Cach thtt 5, Cdt cdm link
Mink dd-k-^S-^M (Dfl hinh cat cim
tinh) Cach thu 6, Nguu miin chi do ^
aR.iLH(Hinh do t h l trdu ngtt) Cach
thtt 7, Quy nkdn lap ma -^/^2 % (Cdeh quy nhdn Ifin ngya) Cach thtt 8, Quy
scm vuang tuphdl mge nkdn hink cdi Id kodn sinh 4 i i i i = ? = # j K / ^ e i : ? E 3 t ±
(Quy' son hinh chtt vuang sinh mge nhdn, cdeh cdi ttt hodn sinh) Cach thtt 9,
Thu nguyit dn xuyen dd ^Jc H ^P J'l M (Dfl
hinh ttdng thu in ddy nuoc) Cdeh thtt
10, Hd mien ^m (Thfi hfl ngtt) Cdeh thtt W, Hd nkdp ddng ldm cdck M^>^^
# ^ (Cach hfl vdo rimg bfin dong)
Cdeh thtt 12, Long qudy ldy hodi cdeh
^^^']T-^ (The rong cufln nhdp vdo
bfin tdy) Cach thtt 13, Long cung cdm
that -fl "f ^ fiS (Thfi rflng chiu cung
cdm) Cach thtt 14, Hdi long cd td ^ @-t&
^^B- (Long quay diu v l tfl son ma kit
huyfit) Cach thtt 15, Hdi long cd id 13
•tl j ^ E (Long quay ddu vfi tfi son ma kit
huyfit) Cach thtt 16, Ngga tinh diin cdu
hudng nguyit thuy di 6 ^ # ^ ; 4 i ^ ^ ^
vi (The rfing cufln ttong gieng ngtta mat
nhin ddy ttang) Cdeh thtt 17, Ngogi
cdm ngi thu dgi lieu loa tinh ^h-^i^Ift
:^'J^if,M (Thfi huyfit 6c nhfli bao quanh
trong ngoai muflng thu) Cach thtt 18, Td
dan di i ^ 41 (Son uyfin chuyfin, the
cyc ben trdi) Cach thtt 19, Him dan di
^^•^ (Son lai sinh cyc, bfin huu flm
vflng, vai td Idm chttng) Cach thtt 20,
Phil tkuang tga tki Hit rw- g T ^ ^ f ?i]#
(Thfi huyfit nguoi lai bufin ngfli dufii)
Cdeh thtt 21, Tkgck tku cao phi liiu mdn
Trang 3to rgng Id huyfit qu^) Cach thtt 22, Triing
dm tu tuyet i^^ft (Thfi huyet vdo sa
am tuyet ty) Cach thtt 23, Triing duang
tu tuyit $ [^ ^ ^ (Thfi huyet vdo sa
duong tuyfit ty) Cach tiitt 24, Ddu mgch
sdt khi ^ f l / ^ ^ ^ (Thfi huyfit mach ddu
nhau sat khi) Cach thtt 25, Tuyet mink
dd ^-^m (Thfi huyfit menh tiiyfit) Cach
tiitt 26, Sdt mgch dS^5,lkM (Thfi huyfit
vdo mgch sat khi) Cdeh thtt 27, De tkdp
tuyit huyet dd it'M^:^^ (Thfi huyet
mgch di qua thdp thdnh mach chfit) Cach
tiitt 28, Hodnk sdt dd : ^ ^ K T h f i huyet
mach nam ngang pham vdo sdt sa)
- Tu trang 52 tto di Id cdc bdi phu,
ludn, gflm: Tkiin dia tgo son thuy phii
^ ^ ^ d i ^ ^ (71 cau phtt vfi thien
dja), Tam thdn phdn ngfi hdnh phu ~-)p
^ i ^ t ^ (87 cdu phtt vfi ngfl hdnh),
Tam ldi kinh H.:^;^ (151 cdu tho vfi
tam tdi), 7am long gia truyin bdo qude
ngu # - t l ^ # * @ * | - (179 cdu tho lyc
bat ve tdm long) Nam bang dia mack i^
Hi^M- (bai tho thit ngon bat ctt vfi dgi
mgch o nuoc ta), Tdm longpkdp 4 - ^ i i
(72 cdu tho vfi phep tim long), Dd dam
ca ^-^^ (120 cau tho lyc bat vfi da
dam), Bgi cuang kkuyin mien thiin :K
W^^% (133 cdu tho vfi dai cuong),
Tkien tap ^ ^ (54 cdu tho nfli vfi each
nhin ttdi dfi xem thifin van), Dia lap i 4
^ (82 cdu tho nfli vfi each xem dit dfi
tim huyet mach dja Iy), Ludn tkiin vdn
pkgm sdt thi ^ : ^ 5 : ? E ^ # (34 bdi tiia
thdt ngfin ttt tuyet ban vfi thifin van phgm
sat), Lugn thien vdn each gia hudng
Ddng phuang ludn dodn i^^X.^"^^
* ^ i ^ g / f (5 bai tho that ngon ttt tuyet
Iudn dodn vfi thien van chuyfin xem vfi
huflng dfing)
2 Gioi thieu 28 each chon t h l dat Truoc hfit cfl thfi nfli, Td Ao co tim nhin xa ttflng rgng, la ngufli biet chdt Igc nhung kifin thttc tinh tiiy vfi dia Iy Difiu dfl dugc minh chung bang 28 each chgn
thfi ddt vifit trong tdc phdm 7a Ao chdn
truyin dia ly vfli cac hinh dfl chi tilt, cy
thfi nhu sau:
1 Thdi cue chi dd i ; # ^ f f l (Dfl
hinh thai cyc): Ldy mach khi nhap vdo ttong long thi bao lay huyfit ma tgo nen cac kieu huyet nhu: Mai hoa sat Song kim sat, Ddu mach sat, Tdn hung sat Bfin kieu huyet nay ggi Id Ttt sat vi the khflng thfi tang mg dugc
2 Md td dd % - ^ S (Dfl hinh con
ngua): Hidm khi mach
da nhdp vao Iflng huyet, cdn chtt y chgn Idy nhung doan nuflc chdy tinh vi de dinh huyfit tiii dich thi dttng Gid nhu ttflng mach thfl kech, dyng dttng ma nhgp vdo huyet thi cho nfin chgn, neu khong la sat khf thi cung sinh hga khi
3 Mdc ludng tkii thdnh kim tink lgc
thuy ^ ^$ =? : ^ ^ J ^ ^ K (Tuflng dttng
gitt thdnh tttc Id ntti hinh moc fl ngoai lam thdnh, ntti hinh kim ben trong chim duoi nuoc): Mach chay thang nhgp vdo huyfit Vi the, nfin cin nhung dogn thuy ngin nhung tmh vi di thang dfin giup mach nhdp huyfit thi dt se sinh cat Nhung nfiu" mgch ma thing, ddi, tiifl
Trang 4lau nhdp huyet thi khfing thfi tdng dugc,
nfiu tdng tiu se tuyfit ty Vi vdy, can ghi
nho Cuflc dit quy ndy bfln mat dfiu cfl
thuy, ta huu quanh co nhu vflng nggc, tang
phong, tu khi Ddy ggi la Mfic tuong thtt
ihdnh (Tuong mfic gift thdnh), cfl kim tinh
roi vdo thu;^, kifiu ddt nhu vdy rdt dep
Nhung tim dttng huyet thgt tinh rat khfl,
nhung khi thiy chfi phfii hgp chdn long
mach thi dttng Id dit tot Mach nay xudt
ttt ntti tfl tflng lai, thong tha di ngang,
uon khttc roi chgy thdng, cfl thuy hg vfi
mfinh mfing, ntti trttng tning tiep gidp
Khi sip dttng lgi kfit huyfit thi rat tinh vi,
huyfin do, co minh tinh dttng nhin Ay
chinh la chdn huyfit
4 Md td tranh liin pku tu ke khdi
nguyen %•?-#• i t ^ - ^ i^ ^ ^ (Ngya
tranh Ifin truoc, each
cha con ke tifip nhau
dfi dgt): Mgch nay cfl
dang rfing di uyen
chuyin, xuit phat ttt
phia tdy chgy din phia
dfing thi nhdp cue Cfl
thuy quay ddu chgy vfi
phia dang truflc Rflng ban diu chay qua
ho, hfl lai fim Idy rfing nhu mflt thdn
Cho nen cfl thfi ggi ddy la nghmh cue, boi
CO td sa vd huu sa cimg nghinh ^ n Chttng
to dfl la chdn long mgch, chinh huyfit
Phia tiudc, phia td hihi dfiu chdu phue vd
cfl quy sa ttng chifiu Thdy cuflc dit nhu
thfi se bifit dugc phtt quy fl ddu, tit nhien
dfl la each tflt
5 Cat edm tinh kink dSt-^S.^^
(Dfl hinh cat cim tinh^): Huyfit nay cfl
tfi son cao chflt vflt, mgch lfln di din ttt
phia dfing, chay qua phfa tdy ma nhdp
huyet, quay ddu Igi roi chdu phyc Ddu tifin tien den nhu bdi Igy, sau xudt rong ho trimg tning rfli kit huyfit Oa"* o trong dfl Ctt doi theo chdn long mach se gap chinh huyfit Tang fl dfl dfli dfli khoa danh khflng dttt Ddy Id mgt ttong nhiing quy each khfl tim
6 Nguu mien chi dd ^9R,iLB(Hmh
dfl till trdu ngtt): Mgch phat ttt huu kifin (vai ben phdi) rfli di qua td kien (vai ben ttai) vong Igi phdi mgt khoang ngdn ma nhap huyfit
Td hun dfiu quan quyt flm ldy nhau ma cfl qudn tinh hg vfi, hai mat dfiu CO thuy ty Ddy la cugc ddt tflt Tuy nhifin, cugc dit ndy kfit mach ma co hfl dang chan ngay sflng huyet thi khfing dugc tdng (vi thfi nhu trdu bj ho vfi se mat het khf) Bfli huyfit nay khi nhdp cue phdi du khi thi tang moi tot, gittp cho con chdu doi dfli gidu sang
7 Quy nhdn lap md-^/^jL^Q (Cach
quy nhdn Ifin r^ua):
Mach phdt fl cung phia tdy chay dfin cung phia dflng thi nh£5) hi^fit, huyfit nay bfin trong nhin thiy cfl hai sao Thdi duong cttng chifiu, hinh giong nhu ho tranh moi Hai bfin td hflu hoi hodn ttt ttong ra ngodi rfii huong phyc lai vdo ttong Cfl gia bttt vttt cao, dim sdng bfin ngodi chilu vdo, mufin sfing chdu dfin thanh nhifiu dong, cdc nui tu hgi ttong
Trang 5nbu lap huyfit Nhung Ittc ay thi dang
chuih mgch khfing thl tdng dugc
8 Quy san vuang tuphdl mge nhdn
hinh cdi td hodn sink ^ Oi i ^ # J ^ / ^ ^
efc?£.Sti(C3u5' son hinh
chtt vuong sinh mflc
nhan, each cdi ttt hodn
sinh): Mgch bdt ngufln
ttt khoi tfl, ttt bfin ttai
ma den bfin phdi, roi lai
quay vfi phia ttai ma
nh|.p cyc Tdt cd difiu dfl
da tao nfin sy thay dfli to Ifln ma sinh
qu^ cue, dugc cue do thi long mgch phat
nhieu vugng khf Khi thdy rfing, hfi hinh
kim ty khic hinh mflc (kim khac mflc) tiii
rfing (mach rflng) moi chfit Tuy nhifin khi
khong hi khac, rflng hfl sinh fl noi kfit
huyfit tit sfi phat dai gidu sang Nhung
nfiu nhu rfing (mach rflng) cfl thay dfli
thi tdt rflng (mgch rflng) se ehit Chi khi
dugc hg vfi cua ta sa vd httu sa uon lugn
flm i p thi sfi sinh rong 6 the cyc Id cai ttt
hoan sinh Bdi vay moi cfl chuyfin cdi
sflng ddy Itti cai chet
9 Thu nguy$t dn xuyen dd ^A fl ^P ;il
ffl (Dfl htah trang thu m day nuoc): Long
mach khi mfli khfli phat
da ufin lugn, quay Igi
mgt khuc bao Idy bfin
trong long h t ^ Thuy
lanh kfit tu vfli ntti xanh
6 mgt ch5, nhu cfl trdng
sao diifiu sdng Khi dy,
than rfing se bao ldy huflng Ddt nay
danh cho phdt khoa danh, hifin dat vfl
cttng Cfl ngufli Iy gidi mach khoi tii son
nguyfin; tuy nhien, khi rfing (mach rflng)
mfli pbat khfli dd cfl sy bifin dfli nhifiu
nhu thl se thdnh rflng chfit Nhung each
nay ma cfl ho trg ctta td sa va hiiu sa uon lugn bao bgc, lai cfl nuoc ttong cufln khdp, bfin mua khflng can An tifin sang
ma Igi tinh thi du rflng cfl ttt cung bifin thanh huyet hodn sinh, nfiu chgn dugc noi dy ma tdng thi se dai phu, dai quy
10 Hd mien ^SK (Thfi hfl ngtt):
Mach bit ddu khfli ttt bfin phdi di din bfin trdi flu nhap cyc Diu tiai
hfl vao trong, sau rflng lai tifip tyc di lila trong ngoai quanh co, ufln lugn,
td huu khfli phyc, ttong nhu bttc thanh ttfin co nggn tinh phong Sflng «_
ufln lugn qudn quyt, thuy xuat hifin thi cfl ntti cao xudt hifin Ddy qua la mgt each quy, nfiu dugc huyfit ndy, phdt phtte rdt ldu ben, nfin cfl the ggi
la quy cyc Co nhdn ciing Iuan rang: Bfln ben vdch nui dyng dttng, luang thuy hgp vao md tgo ra cdnh quan Rflng hfl ufln lugn, qudn quyt, thuy xudt hifin thi vfi cimg huyfin dieu; hinh thl sinh ra kim fl ben cdnh, the ttong giflng nhu mat hfi, diy Id mflt quy cdeh
\\ Hd nhgp dong ldm ^>^^^^
(Hfl vao rimg ben ^ n g ) : Mgch ttt ben phai quay vong ma nhdp huyet, nguoi ta ggi mach dy la: diu mgch tdn hung nhj sat (tttc mach bi hai sat khf la tan va hung xdm hai) Theo phep dinh mgch thi khong dugc pham phai Tuy nhifin, thdy mgch nay md cfl huu sa (sa ben phdi) bao bgc qua long cung, mgch nhdp vdo ttong huy^t tinh tfi khflng eo gi khac sdt thi each i y rdt tot
Trang 6Tuy nhien, each vi difiu thfi nay it dugc
cdc danh su truyen Igi Khi khdo sdt Ittc
mach dang nhdp vao ttong huyfit ma vi
t l (phdn chia nhfl be) Id ddc each nfin cfl
the tang dugc, tdt se sinh phtt quy Idu
bfin Quy each kfit huyfit nhu vdy, cac
danh su van ggi Id each Hd nkdp ddng
ldm (Hfi vao rimg ben dflng), dugc huyet
ndy thi noi tifip nhau gidu cfl
12 Long qudy ldy hodi cdeh i t ^ ^
'l^^ (Thl rflng cufin nhdp vao bfin tay):
Huyet nay di ttt ben trai
nhdp vao ttong Iflng
huyet, kieu ddt md tien
nhan vdn ggi Id Mai
koa song kim sal, phep
xem ddt khflng dugc
phgm vao cdeh nay Tuy
nhifin, nfiu cuOe dit nay ma tiidy td sa (sa
ben trdi) bao qua ho cung, sau dfl mach
mfli nhdp vac huyfit ttflng tinh vi tW ciing
khfing dugc vgi phgm, phep nay rdt vi difiu
tao ra each tfit Nhung duong ittc dy md
tifing thiy cuOc dit chgy nhu chile khan tiii
cdeh nay mfli cfl the tang mg dugc Nlu
tang dugc vao cugc ddt thl tiii dfli dfli phtt
quy, nfin mfli ggi dfl Id quy each Tyc cfl
van quen ggi la Long qudi ldy kodi
13 Long cung cdm thdt •^'^^
(Thfi rfing chau cung cdm):
Mach khfli ttt long cung,
chuyin dfin httu cung,
roi lai den phia td cung
md nhdp huyfit Long
cung cfl trieu dn la nhiing
sa nfli tifip nhau tiimg diep, Huyen vu la
nhflng nggn nui cao Ion, phia truflc
Minh duong cfl tiitty ty oa huy^t, lai cfl
nhgt nguyet sang stta chifiu vdo ttong
huyfit Dugc huyet nay tM con gdi cyc phtt
quy Nfin con ggi Id Long bdc hodn^
14 Hdi long cd id © i | I A ? I (Long
quay ddu vfi to son ma kit huyfit): Kifiu ddt nay cfl mgch ttt ngdn dam phan
ra chi, cdn ma dfin, td hiiu di thudn hoa, uyen chuyen vd flm Idy huyfit
Son till hfii diu, thuy thi chuyen huflng, ttong ngodi giao ket Nfin dugc ggi Id
Hoi long cd Id va dugc coi Id cugc ddt
quy Huyfit ttfing Igi sdng sua thi dttng Id kifiu dat phtt quy kiem todn, nfin khi thdy mgch nhgp cuoc, nuflc nhgp long, thi ddy chfnh Id cuflc ddt ki la nay, dep Iam
va rit khfl kifim
15 Hdi long cd td ^it^U- (Long
quay ddu vfi tfl son ma kfit huyfit): Hfli Long
CO tfl mgch, ty phdt ttt gfic tfl md Igi, trfin thi phan ra huynh dfi, duoi thi hgp tfi tflng, tang phong tu khf, mgi ngu6n nuoc dfiu ttong xanh, phfa sau cfl nggn nui cao, bfin ngoai dugc chieu bfii cdc tinh, bfin ttong dn tang bfin cai dep, tdng dugc dttng chdn long mach nay thi phat dai phtt quy, nfin ggi Id cai quy ctta each
Hdi Long co Id; Igi dimg chdn long mach
thi tit sinh ra dai phtt, dai quy
16 Ngga tink dien cdu hudng nguyet
thuy di^^^)^^'n^Y
M (Thfi rflng cufln trong
gifing ngtta mat nhin bflng trang): Mgdi nay iS thing tip, khi tugng tho
Trang 7cao dttng vdy, td huu ufln cong nhu canh
cung, dfin phin dogn ddu, van vo cung
ugp Ntt thi quy hifin, dfli xuat anh httng,
ttong dai chgn ngdn thi huyfit tai chfnh
noi dfl
17 Ngogi cdm ndi thit dgi lieu loa
tinh i'h^^m.^'hiis (Thl huyet 6c
nhfli bao quanh tax^ ngodi " 3 f ^ ^ J »
-muong thtt): Son sinh ra ^f^^'*
ttt go hiru (Bach hfl), dfin n^'M "
ben ttai (Thanh Icmg) nhdp
vao noi dit thdt eo thi
ket huyfit Thuy fl phia sau ^ •
chdy vfi ttuflc, trong Minh duflng tu khi,
nguyfit chifiu truorc Minh duflng; rfing,
hfl giao ho, td hihi quin quyt Thiy nhu
the thi dfl chfnh Id chan huyfit, tdt nhien
se smh phtt quy Lgi co ngufli gidi thfch
them ve each nay nhu: Rflng quay diu
lai dfi hfl flm dp, td httu qudn quyt, trong
Minh duflng cfl minh nguyfit, bfin ngoai
cfl but, tdt ca chifiu vao ben ttong huyet
Ddt nhu the thi phtt quy kifim toan
18 Td dan di ^ ^ ^ (Son uyfin
chuyfin, thfi cyc bfin trdi):
Son dfin i ^ ^ chuyen, the
cue chi cfl bfin Irdi, hinh hoa
vdy bfln xung quanh, trraig
ngodi hinh kim uon lugn,
chu tinh chifiu vdo bfin
tiong huyet Son thtty hfii hoan Duong
cue nhu thfi thi dttng la dugc each phat
phtte dai lau, neu nhu dac dia thi thi dgu
khoi nguyfin Lai cfl ngufli nfli rang: Son
dfin ma sinh huyfit, gfl ta hfli hodn, hihi
kifin tac chttng Nhu the ggi la ta don,
cfln lugn la each 7a tiin cung huyet
19 Hihi dem di ^^-^ (Son Igi
sinh cyc, bfin huu flm vflng, vai td Iam
chttng): Son dfin uyen chuyfin, cue thl
chi cfl ben hiiu, bfln bfin nhgn ma sdr^ dep, trong ngoai hinh kim bao bgc, chttng tinh chifiu huyfit, go httu (Bgch hfl) hfli hoan, dugc nhu thfi Id thugng each, dfli dfli phat phue Nfiu nhu dugc ddt nay, vo cfl thfi ndm binh quyfin Ifln Lgi cfl ngufli nfli: Son dfin ma sinh cue,
go hiiu hfli hoan, td kien tac chttng, cho
nen ggi la don dfi, con nfli Id each Hieu
tiin cung kuyil Ludn ra co hai sao
Quan , Difiu ndm fl phuong sinh ttt Truang sinh cung xuit ra Khoi tinh quan dieu, chtt yfiu sinh ra cac bdc quan lfln, ntta dfli at se phat; Mflc dye cung sinh ra Tai lgc quan difiu, chtt ylu xuit ra cdc bgc quan Ifln; Quan doi cung xuit ra Tdi hoa quan dieu, chtt yfiu sinh ra cac bdc quy nhdn; Ldm quan cung sinh ra Chfnh
sy quan dieu, chtt yeu ldm quan hon ngufli; Dfi vugng cung sinh ra Thflng dgt quan dieu, chu vfi Iam quan cttu thifin; Suy cung sinh ra Lien dfli quan dieu, ehtt yeu la lam quan ma khong co lgc; Benh cung sinh ra Chinh chiin quan dieu, chu ylu ldm quan phat luong; Ttt eung sinh ra Vo khf quan difiu, chtt ylu Idm quan nhirng khflng bfin; Mg cung sinh ra Lflc khfl quan difiu, chu ylu sinh
ra cac bdc quan thanh lifim
20 Phu tkuang tga tki Hit tuf^
^ t ?'I *^ (Thfi huyfit ngufli ldi buon ngfli duoi): Long mgch di vl bfin phai, dfin cung phfa trai nhdp vao dogn thdt nttt thi sinh huyfit, son thuy tning tning Bach hfl din truflc, tit se sinh ra bac phtt gia
Trang 8hang ngan nam trfin co so quan sat ty
nhifin va phdt triin xa hgi rfii truyen thy
cho dfin tan ngay nay Hgc gia thfli nay
dl xuit: Phong tiitty thyc tfi la 1^ Iuan qui
hogch thifit kfi xdy dyng cfl dgi mang tfnh
thfing nhit va tfing hgp cdc khoa dja chdt
hgc, sinh thai hgc, cdnh quan hgc, kifin
true hgc, iudn Iy hgc, tdm iy hgc, la tinh
hoa ciia Iy ludn kifin tnic Trung Hoa cfl
dgi, cimg vfli Doanh tgo hge vd Tgo vifin
hgc hgp thdnh 3 cgt try ctta Iy Iudn kifin
trttc cfi dai
- Td Ao dugc mfinh danh Id vj tfl ctta
nfin vdn hfla phong thtty nuoc Vifit
Thdnh tuu ctta fing khfing chi Id nguoi
diu tien dua mfin phong thtty vfi nuflc ta,
ma cfln Id ngudi dfi lai nhifiu tdc phim
phong phtt, nhifiu kiln thttc sdu sdc phtt
hgp vfli hoan cdnh dja Iy nufl^ nha md
cy the Id tdc phim Td Ao chdn Puyin
dia ly Cfl thl nfli, ddy Id mgt ttong
nhttng sach ghi chep diy dtt vfi cac phep
ehgn lanh trdnh dtt, mgt hgc vdn lifin
quan dfin mfii truflng va con ngufli, mfit
thfi tfing hgp giira Iy Iudn va thyc tifin
luu ttuyen din ngdy nay
- Diem co ban ctta iy Iuan hgc
tiiuylt phong tiitty Id thua khi, ty khi,
die khf Ngi dung gom 2 Ioai Ion Id
phong thtty duong trgeh vd phong thtty
dm trgeh, ttong dfl phong thtty dm ttach
cfl dnh huflng ddc bifit quan tixing
Duong trgeh Id chi noi cu tiii ctta
con ngufli Gitta con ngufli va noi hg cu
tni cfl mfli quan he qua iai mat thilt voi
nhau Nfiu mfii quan hfi nay dugc dilu
tifit mgt each hdi hfla vd tflt d?p tiii con
dung cua phong thuy duong trach gflm cfl: chgn dia diem nhd fl, thon xflm, thdnh phfi, khdo sat mfli truflng kien true xung quanh, dia thl cao thdp, hinh dang
va bfl cue bfin ttong nhd fl, chgn ngdy gio khfli cfing vd trinh ty xdy dung, huong mfl cflng cua, kich thuflc cflng ctta, cdc Ioai cay trflng va phuong vj so tgi cfln phdi khdo sat van mgng cua chtt nhd phfli hgp nhd fl tinh thfing nhdt giua nha fl voi cdc cong trinh xdy dyng xung quanh Tuy nhien, bat ke duong ttach hay dm trach cung dfiu cfl hinh phap vd
Iy phdp khac nhau; hinh phdp liy hinh the sflng ntti Idm chfnh, Iy phap thi liy nguyfin Iy suy difin thudt sfl Idm chfnh Hai "phdp" co chfl manh chfl yfiu khdc nhau, nfin vfi sau nguoi ta theo xu thfi kit hgp cd hai
Am trach la chi phdn mfi ctta con ngufli sau khi hg qua doi Theo quan nifim ctta phong thtty, dm ttach (phin mg) se cfl anh huflng fl mfit mttc do nhdt dinh nao dfl dfin sy ra dfli ctta cac nhdn vat thdnh dgt, ciing nhu todn bg sy hung thjnh hay suy vong ctta cd gia tgc Ngi dung ctta phong thtty dm trach bao gfim: khdo sdt hinh dang nui non song nuflc trong mgt phgm vi kha rgng, xdc dinh dja chdt dja mgo, !ya chgn vj trf vd phuong huong cua huyfit mg, cdnh vdt xung quanh, tfnh chdt thfi nhuong, thuflrc tdc huyfit mg, cay cfl tten mat ddt, each thttc va thfli gian mai tang, cdc vdt kifin tnic phy bfin ttfin huyfit mg Ngoai ra con bao gfim ngi dung dttng stte nguai dfi cdi tgo dia hlnh./
Trang 9Chu thich
1- Quy son: La thuat ngff phong thuy,
luon a phia ding sau hfi tflng cho huyet
2 Cach 14 va each 15, tuy ten ggi
giong nhau nhung huy?t vj thi khac nhau
3 cim tinh: La cai sa nay ra fl ben tay
rfing hode tay hfi
4 Oa: Huyet oa con goi la "huyet qugt"
(huyfit 16, huyet hang), "huyet mieng mfl",
"huyet bon", la I trong 4 loai huy?t ca ban
(oa, kiim, nhu, dflt) chi vang sdng vanh
khuyen fl trung tam ddt mp, cfl hinh huyet
mg lom trfln
5 Long bac hodn: La chi khi long mach
di ve phia truflc, khong ngttng biln dfli
Hinh thttc bac hodn Id ngat dean len xufing,
lien rfii dttt dttt r6i lien, hinh nhu bj diit
nhung the lien mach
6 Quan: La cai sa fl ngoai an son dttng
phia truflc huy?t
/ Quy long: The nui himg vT, tinh phong td bat, the di loi Igc, phai ttdi cfl vay canh, cac chi hoat bat ma hucmg tfli truoc Cho nen loai long mach din nay rdt tfit Tai lieu tham khao -i^^!^#iifc3S,VHv 1661
- i i ^ ift # J i a , VHv 1660 -if%i!ftf*JfeS.VHv.783 -iSWft#J4ffi,VHv.483
-Am^niiLSS.,A.\270
- Cao Tmng (1974), Sdeh Td Ao dia ly torn the, Nxb Van hfla, Sai Gon
- Mai Thanh Hat (2004), Tim hiiu tin
ngudng truyin thong Viet Nam, Nxb Van
hoa Thong tin Ha NOi
- Nguyin Qufic Khanh (2016), "Tac gia
Ta Ao va cac tdc pham Kham dd, Tgp chi Hdn
N6m,s64(\3Ti
Trang 10TIM LAI TIEU SC MOT CONG THAN
THCn NGUYEN GIA LONG QUA PHA KY
DINH CONG VI
Tom tdt: Co nhQng cong than mgt thai nhung tieu su mo nhat, stt sdeh ghi chep thieu s6t, tham
chl rit huyin bi nSn cac nha khoa hpc cin khfi cong tim lai Dua vao 2 ban pha ky bang chtt Han la
Dgng toe phd ky S P ^ t f i i do D$ng Httu Hon bifin tdp vao nam 1832 va Dgng tgc gia phd hii
SF:^^I#*£ do Ddng Nggc Odnh kfnh c3n bien chep vdo nam Duy Tdn At Mao(l915) fl thfin Van Lieu, xa Uy Viin (nay Id xa Uy ViSn, huyen Nghi Xuan, tinh Ha Tinh) chung toi da tim hieu duoc tilu stt cua mpt cong thdn khai quoc trieu Nguyen nhu vdy, do la Dang Nhdn Cam
Tu khoa: cong thin triiu Nguyin, Ddng Nhan Cam, Dgng tgc gia phd ky
Abstract: There are feudal courtiers who had been famous for a time in history but their
biographies are not fully noted or noted with a lot of mysteries This acquires a serious research
into the past to clarify important issues There available now two phd ky Ramify stones) written
in Han characters: one h Dgng tgc phd ky fp^ifig written by Dang Hffu Hon in 1832, and the
other is Dgng tgc gia phd ky ^^^t$-i^ written by Dang Ngpc Oanh in the year of Duy Tan At
Mao (1915) inVSn Lieu hamlet, Uy Viin village (now Uy Viin village, Nghi Xudn district Ha Tinh province) Thanks to those materials we have found the biography of Dang Nhdn Cam, a courtier under the Nguyin Dynasty
Key words: Courtiers under Nguyen dynasty, Dgng Nhan Cam, Dang tpe gia pha ky
c /fl nhihig cflng thdn cOa vuang
trifiu Nguyin nhu Do Thanh Nhon, Vo
Tanh, Ngo Tflng Chu, Nguyin Vdn
Thanh, Lfi Vdn Duyet, , tiSu stt ro rang,
stt sach ghi chep rit phong phii Nhung Igi
cfl nhihig cfing thdn thuo iy tilu stt mfl
nhat, stt sach ghi chep thilu sflt Thdng 3
nam 2016, chiing tfli vfi xd Long Hung,
huyen Lap Vo, tinh Dfing Thdp thi thiy
noi day con diy du mg phan cflng thdn
nha Nguyin la Dang Nhdn Cdm va phu
nhdn Dao Thj Hanh Ddn Idng vd dflng hp
Ddng fl day rat ty hdo gpi fing la "Thiiy su
Dfi dfic" Khflng xa noi ong bd an nghi la
noi thfl ty vua Gia Long ciing nhttng diu
tich truyfin thuyfit vfi mgt vimg can ctt dja ciia fing vua ddy nghiep mfl diu vuong trifiu Nguyen ma phd ve sau ggi la "Cham mang trgeh" voi nhttng ao dam, song nuflc, cfl dai hilm trfl The nhung, tilu stt ciia Dang Nhan Cam thl nao, chiin cong ciia fing ra sao thi stt sach ciia nha Nguyfin it ghi chep, hoac chi Id ggi mfl, sinh ra cau
hfli? Chdng hgn, sdeh Hodng Viet Long
hung chi X^^^ik- cho bilt: Sau khi
ldy dugc tiianh Dien Khdnh (At Mao nam 1795) The tfl (chi chua Nguyfin Phiic Anh, sau nay la vua Gia Long) sai Bfi Le ghi ten cac cong than trgn vong vd om chet ttt