Đôi nét về văn bia có nội dung khuyến học của nghệ an

Npi dung khuyin hpc dugc till hifn fl vifc xay dung, trung tu van tu, van chi, vo miiu, ghi danh ngufli dfl dgt khoa trucmg, ghi tilu sft danh nhan, hoat dpng cua hfli Tu van, Tu vo tgi

DOI NET VE VAN BIA CO NOI DUNG KHUYEN HQC CUA NGHE AN

LE THi THU HUOfNG'**

Tom tdl: Tu lieu van bia Han Nom co npi dung khuygn hpc cua Nghf An hien thfing ke dupe

102 van bia, bao gfim van bia dl danh Tiln sTtai Van miiu Thang Long, Van miiu Hui ghi danh cac vi dfi Dgi khoa que Nghe An va van bia do dia phuang tao dung trai khdp tren dia ban tinh Npi dung khuyin hpc dugc till hifn fl vifc xay dung, trung tu van tu, van chi, vo miiu, ghi danh ngufli dfl dgt khoa trucmg, ghi tilu sft danh nhan, hoat dpng cua hfli Tu van, Tu vo tgi dia phucmg Day dugc coi la nguon tu lieu co gia tri dl nghien cftu vl khuyin hpc ciia viing que giau truyin thong hilu hpc va khoa bang hang dau ca nu6€, tft do nit ra nhffng bai hpc kinh nghifm qui^ bau cho hogt dpng khuyen hpc, khuyen tai ttong giai dogn hien nay

Tu khoa: khuyen hpc, bia khuyen hpc, Nghf An

Abstract: Sino-Nom literature on the promotion of education in Nghe An is currently

listed 102 epitaphs, including Ph.D epitaphs in the Temple of Literature Thang Long and Hue which are credited to Nghf An candidates of Dgi khoa, and the local epitaphs installed

in the province The spirit of study encouragement is realized by the building, and restoration

of Vin tu Van chi (literature), Vo mieu (martial arts), the notification successful candidates, the biographies of renowned people, and the operation cf Tu van and Tu vo associations This is an invaluable material for the study cf traditional learning encouragement throughout the country and enables us to draw useful lessons for the learning promotion at present

Keywords: Learning promotion Learning encouragement inscriptions, Nghe An

1 Nguctn tir Ufiu wong, dia phuong, bia ghi vific xay dyng

"Bia khuyfin hoc la mflt trong nhftng ^ ^ ^ ^ " ' ^ ^ *=^' ' ' ^ * ™ ^'^ ^^"^ *^"' thl tai cua van bia Viet Nam bao him npi "^'^ ^^" '"^ ^ ^ " ^ ^ ' ^^ P*'^ ''°"S

ho-dung de cao Nho giio, bifiu duong nhin '^ghe An la mgt tinh Ion nim o phia tii, neu guong ngufli tflt vifc tfit ttong lihh Bic mifin Trung, nfii tifing la dit hgc vuc hgc tip cflng nhu khoa cft, ttfin co so Noi diy d i sin sinh nhifiu danh nhin

ay dgng vifin, khich lfi mgi nguoi phin Uch sft, nhi khoa bing, nhi khoa hgc, diu vuon Ifin ttong hgc tip"' Van bia " ^ i vin hfla nfli tifing, gop cflng Ifln khuyfin hoc dugc tap trung chft yfiu fl trong sy nghiep dung nuflfc va gift nuoc nhflm v i n b i a dfi danh Tiln sT cdp trung **'ThS Vifn Nghien cuu Han Nfim

•Chinh vimg dit dfl, ttii theo chifiu dai

lich sft lufln diy len phong ttio khuyfin

hgc tft khap cac thfin, xflm dfin tfing,

huyfin Van bia khuyfin hgc la mflt

minh chftng cho difiu dfl Hifin a Vifn

Nghien cuu Han Nom va tgi cic dia

phuong cfta tinh Nghe An cfln luu gift

102 thac ban van bia cfl npi dung

khuyen hpc Chung tap trung o hai

nhflm: do tiha nuflfC tgo dung v i do dia

phuang Imn ra

Vin bia do n h i nuflc tao dung: 24/82

bia V i n mifiu Thing Long'; 23/34 bia

Van mifiu Hufi' khac tfin ngufli Nghe An

do dat

Vin bia do dia phuong Iam ra; thac

ban bia do Vifin Vien dflng Bic cfi va \^f n

Nghifin cftu Han Nflm suu tdm 35 bia; bia

tgi dia phucmg dugc gifli thieu trong cufin

Vdn bia Ngki An 20 bia (tap trung o myc

bia van tft, tft vu, nhi thinh, nhflng van

bia trich trong sach nay hoac khong co ky

hifu, hoac khong cfl chft Han^)

Tfing cgng tft 4 ngufln trfin chftng ta

cfl 102 vin bia (47 van bia do nhi nuoc

tao dung, 55 van bia do dia phuong lim

ra) cfl npi dung khuyfin hgc Diy l i

ngufin tu lieu cfl g i i tti dfi nghifin cftu ve

khuyfin hgc cfta Nghf An ttong qui khft

Bai vifit n i y xin t i p trung tim hieu vio

nhom van bia do dia phuong lam ra

2.Thurc t r ^ n g van bia co noi dung

khuyin hoc cua Nghe An

2.1 Phdn bd theo khdng gian

Theo thong kfi cua chftng tfli bia

khuyfin hgc do dia phucmg lam ra nam rai

ric ttong 10 huyfin cfta tinh: Luong Son (6

bia), Anh Son (1 bia), Dfing Thanh (8

bia), Yfin Thinh (8 bia), Nghi Lgc (4 bia)

Quynh Luu (8 bia), Hung Nguyfin (1 bia), Nam Dan (8 bia), Difin Chiu (5 bia), Thanh Chuong (6 bia)^ Sfl lifu trfin cho thdy, 4 huyfn Dfing Thanh, Quynh Luu, Yfin Thanh v i Nam Dan diu cfl (8 bia) chifim 14,5%, cac huyfn it bia nhdt la huyfin Anh Son va Hung Nguyfin (1 bia) Tror^ sfl nhihig van bia khuyfin hgc tgi tinh Nghe An, phdn Ion moi thfln, xa, moi

di tich chi cfl 1, 2 bia nhu: Van chi thfln

An Thinh xa Dfi Lucmg (I bia), vin chi thfln Ly Nhan xa Tifin Ly tfing Ly Trai huyfin Dflng Thinh (1 bia), dfin thfl Cucmg Quflc Cflng Nguyfin Xi (Ibia), thfin Van Tip xa Quy X i huyfn Dong Thanh (2 bia) Van chi xa Dien Thg huyfin Difin Chiu (2 bia) nhung cung cfl cKa

phucmg, di tich cfl nhifiu bia khuyin hpc

nhu nha Thanh tong Xuin Lifiu (3 bia), xa Quynh Dfii (4 bia), dinh xa Vo Lift (6 bia):

Lick dgi dgi khoa bi ky B.'KX^^it Li triiu Huang cdng bi chi ^^^^[^i^

Le trieu Hieu sinh Sink do bi cki^^^

i i - S : - * ^ ^ , Hodng triiu Cu nhdn bi ki

J 4 ^ ^ A ^ i e , Hodng Piiu Tu tdi bi cki

1 1 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ , Hodng Piiu Tii tdi bi ky

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ i t Dfl la nhung dia phuong

cfl truyfin thfing khuyfin hgc, hifiu hpc va khoa cft hing diu ciia Nghf An

2.2 Phdn bo theo tkdi gian

Trong so cac tiiac ban vin bia khuyin hgc cua Nghe An do dia phuong lam ra hifin luu tru tai Vien Nghifin cftu Han Nfim chftng tfii ghi nhan van bia cfl nifin

dai sflfm nhat la Tkdi su Cuang Qude cdng

bi ky ii^H'^-'Si^it sogn vao nim

Quang Thuan thft 8 (1467) dyng lai vio nam 1928 Tifip do la nhung van bia dugc dung vio thfli Lfi Trung hung v i thflfi Nguyfin Tuy nhifin, cfl kha nhifiu nifin

T/^F CHI HAN NOM SO 4 (143) - 2017

dai trfin thie b i n van bia bi lam gia,

can x i c dinh lai mOt cich chinh xaQrdo

la nhung t h i e b i n bi lam gia nifin dai

t i p tnmg fl nhflm van bia do Vifn Vifin

dflng bac cfi Phap suu tdm Dua tten kfit

qua nghien cuu cfta Nguyfin Van Nguyen

tkdc bdn vdn bio^ chftng toi d i tiiong kfi

dugc cfl 21 thac ban bia cfl su ngyy tgo vfi nifin dai Sfl nien dai dugc ngyy tgo nhifiu nhit la nifin dai Cinh Hung (11 van bia) nien dgi uoc doin cfta cic van bia niy dfiu

stt

]

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

TSn bia

Le nham d90 trai Nguyen

tiin sinh thp tang ^ ^ i l ^

Srm £>ucmg tien sinh tu boc

thp ttne a < t j t 4 il h ^U

Thuan Trung tong van chi bi

Thuan Trung xa bi lu *fe,^

Truing Ml xa bi ki/ ST hoi

ddng bi lii -fel^^i-J^il/i

Bai khoa li4t vi/Hieu sinh

TU tai lift vi:kfi»ii.lit±

Hoang Xd xa v3n hgi bi ki

Being Xd tong tuvUbi ki ^

Hgi Tdm thdn vdn hgi/Vdn

chi bi kl • # • • ( • # * • # • / A i l

Thugng thu Thieu bdo Due

Qudn cdng Hd Tudng cdng

tic dudng bi ki ^'$•1''^^

An sdt Hd Trgng Tudn bi ki/

Tien tir Phgm cung nhdn ISy

vdn « « « # i » # K / i t ) 8

Ki hi|u N°2638-39

N°2655-56 N°2653-54 N°2657-58

N " 2 6 7 1 - 7 2

>ft411-2114

N°2394-97 N"2374

N " 2 6 2 8 - 2 9

N"2818-21

N°2826-27

NiSn a^i trgn thdc bdn Cdnh Hung thir 5 (1744) Canh Himg thir

33 (1772) Cdnh Hung thii 9 (1748) Canh Hung thii 34(1773) Cdnh Hung thir 16(1755) Canh Hung thii 15(1754) Canh Hung thtr 15(1754) Canh Himg thii 16(1755) Canh Hung Dinh Silu C4nh Hung thir 7 (1746)

Cdnh Hung thii 9 (1748)

Ni§n d^i ud'c dodn Thanh Thdi thii 5, Qui Ti (1893)

Tu Diic thii 22 (1880) Thanh Thdi thii 9 (1897) TuDtte thii 34 (1881) TuDucftii 16(1863)

D6iNguyln> ndm

1828 Ddi Nguyin > ndm

1861 Thi?uTiithu6(1846) Dcri NguySn > nSm

1855 TuDiiclliii7(1854)

TirDiii:thu9(1856)

Sau nien d^i Cdnh Hung, 07 thac ban

thoi Nguyin dugc ngudi suu t§m nguy tao

thanh nien d^i Vuih Thinh, trong do

Nguyen Van Nguy6n u6c doan 6/7 nien

d?ii thuQC nien liieu Tvt Diic, voi nam thii tuong d u o n g ' vi du: Vmh Thinh thu 13 uoc doin Tv Due thil 13, VMi Thinh thii

30 uoc doan la Tu Diic thii 30 Cu the;

Stt

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Ten bia

£>d Lircmg tdng bi kU

Bd Luang tdng td dien

bi chl ifXA'^H./tf

f^dn Tap thdn nho tien

I^dn Tdp vdn chi bi ki

Ly Nhdn vdn hgi bi M

Lirang Son huyen bi ki

An Ldng xd vdn chi bi ki/

An Idng xd Vdn hdi bi ki

K6 miiu bi ki ^0sl^it

Kl hifu N°2661-62

N°239S-2401 N"2423/24

N " 2 3 9 2 / 2 4 2 5

N"2659-60

N ° 2 6 6 7 - 7 0

N"2830-31

Nien dai trSn thdc ban VTnh Thinh thiH3(1717)

VTnh Thinh thu 16(1720) Vinh Thjnh thil 3 1 ' VTnh Thinh th(r3(1707)

VTnh Thjnhlhii9(1713) VTnh Thjnh thii 3 0 '

VTnh Thjnh Canh T h i n '

Nien d^i ird'C dodn

Tu Diic thu 13 (1860)

Tu Duclhil 16 (1863)

Tu Ducthu31 (1S78) Thcri Nguyln,>nam

1868

Tu Due thii 9 (1856)

Tu Dliclhll30 (18T7)

Tu Diic Canh Thin (1880)

Co 2 thac ban ngyy tao nifin dai Bao

Hung: Quynk Luu huyin triing lu Id vii

bi ki ^ ^ m ^ n - m ^ ^ i t ki hifiu

N°2823 nguy tao I i Bio Hung tiift 1,

uflfc doan l i Thanh Thai thft 1; Triing tu

tu vU bi ki/ Trirng tu tie vii quyin ciing bi

ki ^i^n^^-'^i-tf^m^m^^-^ ^

hieu N " 2 8 3 2 - 3 3 nguy tao la Bio Hung

thft 5, uoc doin la Thieu Tri thft 5

Trong sfi 20 tiiac ban van bia chftng tfii

tiiam khio v i ttich ra tft cufin Vdn bia Nghe

An CO 9/20 vin bia khflng ^ nifin d^,

11^0 bia con lai deu cfl nifin dgi thuflc trifiu Nguyfin: Thanh Thm (4 bia), Ty Dftc (3 bia), E)flng Khinh (1 bia), Bao Dai (3 bia) Nifin dai cfta 102 van bia dugc chftng tfli thfing kfi nhu sau:

Nien dai

Le T r u n g h u n g

Trieu N g u y e n

Khong ghi nien dai

T o n e cpng

So bia

5

38

12

5 5

Ty le %

9.09% 69.0%

2 1 9 %

1 0 0 %

2.3 Ngudi soan bia: Nhflm van bia

do dia phuong lam ra cfl 18 van bia

khong ghi tfin soan gia, 2 bia Hgi Tu vin,

1 bia Hgi Tu vo, 2 bia ghi hgc trfl (Pho

bang, Tft tai, Cft nhin) sogn, 1 soan gii

la Trgng nguyfin, 13 Tifin sT, 1 Pho bang,

7 Cft nhan v i 2 Tft tii Cy thfi:

S c a n gia

C o soan gia

Khong CO soan gia

T^ng cdng

S6 bia

38

17

5 5

T y le %

6 9 %

3 1 %

1 0 0 %

S t t

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

2 1

22

23

So

5 4 2 % ;

H g t g n

Van D d c Giai x l t t t "

N g u y i n Dilc D^lt ^ ^ i i

N g u y i n T r a n g Tinh K.& 4 '

Cao Song T h i e ti9.^

Tran Dinh Phong F*Jii|ft

H 6 C h u C 4 t i ^ ; S I #

D6 Quang " * t *

Nguyen Trgng Tuu [Sc'fl'^

N g u y i n Thanh R JiS,"

NguySn Dang Duong P t ^ ^

Le Huy Toan # * ¥ « »

Pham N h u X u o n g is.-itfi§i

Nguyin Hitu Chinh fft^S^

D u o n g Thuc Hap ^ ^ ' ^

Bili Ducmg Lich ^i^M

N g u y i n Ngoe R.ii

Nguyen True P t i ^

Pham Dinh Toai HM.'^

Nguyen Trang Quan K.,^-"^

L e B a H o a n j ? # i a

N g o Tri Khuong ^ ^ ^

N g u y i n Huy Chi i S c i ^ S

Nguyen Thdc Dinh M.^^

m gia bia khuydn hpc ciia tinh N g h e

C i i n h a n la 2 9 % :

H Q C vi

Trang nguyen

Tien sT

Pho bang

Cii nhan

T u t a i

T o n g c$ng

So 111

H o c vi c a o n h a t Tien sT Tien sT Cii nhfin Tii tdi TiSn sT Tii tii Tien sT

CH nhan Tien sT

C u nhan Cil nhan Tien sT Tien sT Tien sT Tien sT Tien sT Trang NguySn

Cd nhan Cil nhan Tien sT

C u nhan Tien sT Pho bang

K i hieu t h a c b a n va sach sao c h e p

2832 -33; 2848 - 49;

2 8 1 8 - 2 8 2 1

2 3 9 8 - 2 4 0 1 ; 2 6 6 1 - 6 2

2423 -2424

2 4 2 3 - 2 4 2 4 2430-31 2628-29 2659-60 2653-54 2657-58 2671-72 2394-97 VHv.277 2375/2383

2823 VHv.277 VHv.277

47636 VHv.277

Van bia Ngh? An Van bia Nghe An Van bia Nghe An Vim bia Nghe An Van bia Nghe An

An d a s 5 c6 h g c vj c a o trong x a hoi Tien sT la

rong

1

12

1

7

2

2 3

T y l 6

4 3 %

5 2 1 %

4 3 %

3 0 5 % 8.7%

1 0 0 %

Qua trgn thiy dirge vai tto, uy tin cua moi soan vin bia luu truyfin cho hiu t h l cac nha khoa bang, hg dugc tin nhiem Chinh hg la nhftng tim guong sang ve

tinh thin hieu hgc ciing nhu hogt dgng

khuyfin hgc dfii vcd nguoi din Nghe An

3 N$i dung phan anh tren bia

khuyin hgc tmh Ngh? An:

Bia khuyfin hgc cfta Nghe An tap

tnmg chft yfiu o miy ngi dung sau:

3.] Ghi lgi viec xdy dung triing tu

vdn miiu, vdn chi

Ngoii 24 van bia Vin mieu Thing

Long ghi danh 30 vi TS va 23 vin bia

Vin mifiu Hufi ghi danh 41 vi TS que

Nghe An do dgi khoa qua tft trifiu Le dfin

Nguyfin, chftng tei thong ke dugc 18 van

bia dung tgi vo mieu, van tu, vin chi, tu

vu tft cip huyfin, tflng, xa, thfln Cy thfi

vfl mifiu (1 bia); van tft cip huy?n (7

bia): huyen Luang Son, Dong Thanh,

Yen Thinh, Quynh Luu, Nam Dan,

Nghi Lgc; cap tong (4 bia): tfing Thuin

Tnmg, Do Luong, Dang Xa, Phft Hiu;

van chi xa (4 bia): xa Li Trai, Cfl Chu,

An Lang, Dien Ky; vin chi thon (2 bia):

thfln Vin Tip, Quynh Dfli Ngi dung cfta

nhiing tim bia nay noi vfi vific xay dung,

triing tu di tt'eh dfi lam noi tho phyng cic

vi Tifin hifin, Tien nho: " ^ ^ - ^ ^ ^ ^ X

/Hai huyen Dong Yfin ta '^ Van mifiu d i

cfl tft liu- Sau nam Binh Tuit bi chifin

ttanh tan pha, mfta dfing nim Dinh Hgi trftng tu lgi, chinh vu, bai duflng dfiu 5 gian, hai nha t i hftu dfiu 3 gian Go, gach, gfli, cfing thg, mgi kinh phi dfiu do than hao hai huyfin sai thu, din cfta 9 tfing gflp, cung cac khoin tifin quyen gflp, tifin vgng Phu dich thi tfty vific ma liy nguoi fl gin cho thuan tifin Viec trft tinh do hing thin hao cftng ttfing coi vific m sfta, nguyfin Huin dgo Lfi quin Sat Trai ttg giup, cfln vific quyen gflp, sai khien vifin Phft thft Nguyin quin Trftc Hifin cung het long viy Viec xiy dyng ttii qua 6 thing mfli xong Qua 3 nam flng Pham quin nguoi Phugng Xuyfin ban bgc voi tinh vfi vific quyen gop tien cua dfi xiy nha giai vu ben trii Qua 4 nam huyfin dung nha giai vu bfin phii, quy mo rflng rii, sing sfta, giflng

nhu mfli vay"[ N ' ' 2 4 3 0 - 3 1 ] Hay bia

Triing tu tu vu nifin dgi Bao Hung thft 5 [uflc doan nifin dai Thieu Tri dnx 5

(1845)] fl thfln Quynh Doi, huyfin

Quynh Luu: ''4-^.^t^^^'^^Si^

R ^ ^ ^ 4 t ^ l £ i J t ^ ^ ^ ( ) J-Xr/f>& i4.^-i^#^-#-?^ijh-t^/Huyfin ta cfl Tft

vu tft xua, tuong truyen l i tft Hoing Mai dfli dfin Quynh Lam the chfi khflng cfln tra cftu dugc Nay cho phia Tiy khu din

cu thon Qu^nh Dfii la dat cfta Giam sinh Hoin Hai Tft thai Le cu ( ) sau lam nfin van chi cua van hgi thfln fl diy vay" [ N ' ' 2 8 3 2 - 3 3 ] Theo quan nifim cfta ngufli din noi diy vific xay dyng trftng tu van chi, van tu giftp cho nghifip khoa cft dia

phuong ngay thfim chin phat: Luang San kuyin bi ky ^ O ^ ^ - R ^ i e [ N ' ' 2 6 5 9 - 6 0 ] , Trudng Mi xd bi ki/ Si kdi ddng bi ki ki hifiu ^^^^mtl^^^mt ^ 2 6 7 1

-72], An Ldng xa vdn chi bi ki ^ i ^ ^ ^

A!ta^ie.[N°2670] dfiu phan anh difiu dfl

/Nam Quy Mao (1843) Han lam vifin

Trye hgc st Hfle Lu hg Nguyfin hgp cac

than hao cua huyfin chgn dat dfi lip ra

dan Tifiu Son, noi cftng tfi rifing bat diu

cfl tft khi do Tft do su nghifip khoa cft tto

nen hung chin, nhu hg Nguyfin or Van

Truflng, hg Nguyen fl Dfl Luang nfli tifip

dfi Tifin sT, nguoi do Cft nhin, Tft tii cic

khoa ngiy cang tang, nfin mfli ban tinh

dfli din tilinh Van tft nhu sach ciia huyfin

truorc day vay)" [N*'2659-60] Ngoai vific

ghi lai vific trftng txx van chi, van tu, bia

con khac hg tfin nguoi dfi dgt cfta vimg

dit dfl, nhu mgt hinh thftc luu danh, bifiu

duong tinh thin hifiu hgc, khuyfin khich

sT khi nho phong; Liin Tri gidp vdn tu bi

ky ^ i i t T x ? ^ « ^ t & , Vdn Tap vdn chi bi

kd f ^ ^ i ± 4 « e [N°2423-24], Vd di

[N°2848-49]

3.2 Lieu danh nhdng ngudi do dgt

ciia dia phuang

Van bia ghi ten nhiing-nguoi dfi tft

dai khoa (Tien si), trung khoa (Huong

cflng, Cft nhin) dfin tifiu khoa (Sinh do,

Tft tai), Hifiu sinh, Khfla sinh thuflng cfl

ten ggi nhu Dgi kkoa liet vi, Lich dgi dgi

khoa bi ky, Le Piiu Huang cdng bi ky,

Hodng triiu Tu tdi bi chi, Tiin triiu kkoa

bi Theo thfing kfi, hifin cfl 12 bia cfl nfli

dung vifit dufli dang ding khoa lyc Nfli

dung cua cic tim bia nay gifing nhu cac

sach ding khoa lyc, l i ghi danh cic tri

thuc Nho hgc trong pham vi mflt dia

phuong Theo ghi nhin cua chung toi cfl

01 bia Dang khoa cfta don vi cip thfin:

Vdn Tap thdn nho tien bi ki t^Hi^^

a^ie.[N°2398-24ai] ghi tfin cac vi dfl dat ttong thfin gfim 1 vi dai khoa, 5 vi Huong

giai, 12 vi Huong tuong: "^'K:k.^^'\'i^

'^•aS-^l'lM^^^JCac vi tirflng cflng

dfi Dai khoa ttii cac dfli thi Hgi trung tam truong Nguyfin Trung Thft, tu l i Thifin Hanh, con ttai thft 3 Thien Thuit tien sinh- Trftng Giim sinh trifiu Lfi, khoa Quy Mui nifin hifiu Cinh Hung (1723), trftng thi Hgi, lam quan dfin Tri huyfin huyfin Tmng Thuin)" [N'^2400]; hay " ^

^.PilM3^ac vi tifin sinh dfi Huong giai ttii cac doi: Giam sinh Nguyen Trgng Muu

tu Thien Ke, con ttai thft hai Thien Thuit tifin sinh, thi do vao trifiu Le, iam quan dfin chfte Tri huyfin huyen Chin Phftc)" [ N^2398] 01 bia dang khoa lyc cip xa,

dfl l i Dgi khoa liet vi/Hiiu sinh Tu ldi li$t

vi ^¥tms.m^^^mfL,

[N''24II-2114] khic tfin cic vi dfl dat cua x i Hoang Xa huyfin Dfing Thanh, phan ra 3

vi dai khoa, 36 vi Tft tii v i sip xfip theo 5 tiion ttong xa: ":^#?ij-f5.^ = f [Slifttt

^ i = r ^ # ' l i ^ ^ o # / D g tam giap Dfing Tifin sT Hoang tuflng cfing ( hfty ia Nhae, ngufli thon Nggc Lam, dftng thft 13 khoa Nhim Tuat nien hifiu Cinh Thflng trifiu Lfi (1502), gift chfte Giam sit Ngu sft, cft

di sft Hgi thi trung tam truong hg Vuong, tfin Tfi Dinh thon H i Cat, lam quan dfin

ehftc Tri huyfin)" [ N°2411]; hay " ; } t i ^

;^-t*^^ia:fi#H#( ) ;-^§*ti

( )/Hifiu sinh thfln Nggc Lim: Hoing

Cflng Mifin ( con quan Tifin si), Lfi Ba

Thuc, Hoing Lifim Binh, Lfi Min Dftc,

Hoing Vifit Hgc ( ) Hifiu sinh thon Ha

Cat: Vuong Tuin Due; Hieu sinh thon

Viiih Bmh: Hoang True Dao, Hfl Trgng

Hy, Lfi Thifin Due" [N''2412] Sfl cfln lai

chft yeu l i dang khoa lyc hing tflng nhu

tfing Nam Kim, Vo Liet, Xuan Lilu Cy

thfi la bia Nho tien luc 6/ Ay •fiS ^ -fS- «^ i t ,

Nam Kim long tu vu hgu tu: ghi vfi tifiu

sft 6 vi do dai khoa va 17 vi dfi trung

khoa cfta tflng Nam Kim/^'u, sau dfii l i

tflng Trung Can hay Tiin ttiiu khoa bi

ghi tfin, chfte quan cua 16 vi Huong cflng;

46 vi Sinh dfl, hifiu sinh, nho sinh la

ngufli teng Xuan Lifiu, huyfin Nam Dan;

Kim trieu khoa bi ghi tfin v i chfte quan

cfta 3 vi dfl thi Hgi (1 Tifin sT, 2 Phfl bang)

ciing 16 vi dgu Huong cfing, Cft nhin, 45

vi dgu Sinh do, Tu tai vao trifiu Nguyen

nguoi tfing Xuin Lieu, huyfin Nam Dan

Khic voi cic sach dang khoa lyc

thuong soan rifing cho ngufli dfl dai khoa

vi trung khoa, cac bia dang khoa lyc nay

thuflng ghi chung, theo thft tu ngudi dfl

dgi khoa ghi truoc, rfli dfin trung khoa,

trong phin trung khoa Huong cfing

truorc, Sinh dfl, Cft nhin rfli dfin Tu tii

Co bia ghi chung fl trifiu Lfi va Nguyfin,

cfl bia tach rieng ngufli do dat ciia hai

triiu dai niy Ding chft y hon c i la cym

bia dang khoa tai dinh x i Vo Liet huyen

Thanh Chuong Noi day gflm 06 tim bia

Dang khoa lyc: Lich dgi dgi khoa bi ky,

Le triiu Huang cdng bi cki, Li triiu

Huang cdng bi cki, Hoang Piiu Cu nhdn

bi ki, 02 bia Hodng Piiu Tii tdi bi cki ghi

chep ve 2 vi Tifin si, 3 vi Phfl bing, 63 vi Cft nhan v i 377 vi Tu tai trai qua cac trifiu tft Lfi dfin Nguyen cfta tfing VS Liet, huyfin Thanh Chuong, Nghe An xua

Van bia Lich dgi dgi kkoa bi ky co ghi

"Phan Nhan Tuflng qufi xa Hoang Xa diu Dflng Tifin si chfi khoa nam Nguyfin Hfla thu 14 trifiu Lfi (1546) lam quan fl Vifin Tri phien hinh dugc phong sic Phftc thin nhifiu lin Phan ST Thuc que

x i Vo Liet diu Tft tai khoa Canh Ty trifiu vua Thieu Tri (1841), dgu Cft nhin khoa Binh Ngg trifiu vua Tu Dftc (1846), diu Dfi tam giap Dfing Tien sT xuit than khoa

Ky DEIU (1849) Lam chanh sft nhi Thanh, lin lugt lam Tham tri hai bfi (Bg Binh, Bg Lgi) ( ) Phan ST Bang que xa

Vo Lifit, diu Cft nhan khoa Nhim Ty trifiu vua Duy Tin (1912), diu Phfl bing khoa Qu;^ Sftu trifiu vua Duy Tan (1913) thing Han lim vign Thi dgc, Dflc giio Han tu truflng Quflc hgc'^ Diy dugc coi

l i tai lieu dang khoa vfl cftng co gia tri va hifim cfl cfta mgt vimg dat giau truyfin thflng hieu hgc va khoa bang Vi?c ghi danh nhftng nguoi dfl dgt o dia phuong cfl tic dyng khuyfin khich tinh thin hifiu hgc o lang xa Trong khi khong cfl tii li^u dang khoa chinh thflng nao ghi lai tieu sft cac vi dfl Trung khoa tft Lfi Trung hung trfl ve truoc thi tu lieu dang khoa trong cic vin bia fl dia phuong se gflp phan tim hifiu, bo sung nhieu thfing tin hfln ich vfi cic nhi khoa bang niy

3.3 Hogt dgng cua koi Tuvdn, Tuvd

Hgi Tu van la mgt ttong nhung to ehftc quin chftng dflng vai ttfl quan trgng trong hoat dgng ling xa Nhung nguoi tham gia ttong Hgi Tu vin phii l i nhung nguoi bifit chft Han, chft Nom,

cao hon la nhung ngufli do dgt khoa

truang Mflt ttong nhftng vai ttfl cfta Hgi

tai cic thfln x i dfl l i tfi ehftc xiy dung,

triing tu Van tft, Vin chi lam noi tho tu

Khflng Tft v i cic vi Tifin hifin, myc dich

l i duy trt, chin hung Nho giio, nfiu cao

tinh than khuyen hgc cho ngufli dan dia

phuang Hifin tai Nghfi An co 04 vin bia

cfta Hgi Tu vin, 02 hfii Tu van cip thfln:

Ly Nkdn vdn hdi bi S i=- X-^ ^

[N"2392/2425], Hgi Tdm thon vdn hdi

t-^^Hyat [N°2629]; 02 hfli Tu van

cip x i la Hodng Xd xd van hgi bi ki #

^?i:^-t s^i& [N''2394r97], An ldng xd

Vdn hgi bi ki ^ fk i^ X-f ^ i t

[N 2669] Ngi dung cua van bia cfta hgi

chft yfiu nfli vfi vific xay dung, trftng tu

van chi, vin tft: " : ^ ^ - f - : ^ - # - ^ : ^ y o ^

- ^ " E ^ S i t - ^ ^ m h i^-fa^J^iL;fe-/Van

hgi thfin Ly nhin ta da cfl tft liu, tft fing

Tri phft Phgm cfing xiy Van chi a bfin

trii Tien Son, sau chuyfin vfi phia tiy xft

Ngam Ly, dugc vai nam lai di chuyfin

tfli bfin phii Tifin Son " [N*'2392-2425]

Thfli Gia Long v i n chi cua thon Hfli

Tam dugc xiy dyng a xft Dfing Cfta

Tiep sau Hao truflng ttong thfln gflp lai

tifin cfta sfta sang lai thinh tfla nha lgp

ngfli, thflr phyng tifin hifin: "#i*] ^ • ^ S

-t^i^lti^i^^i^^^^/CAc vi Hao

truflng ttong thfln dfiu quyfin gflp, bo

tifin cfta cfta gia dinh dfi sfta sang, xiy

dung tu du6ng,trfin lgi lgp ngfli, thfim cfl

mao, dufli nha miy n h | n ' ' cung tuflng

thflng sufit, cao rao sing sfta v§y"

[N*'2629]

Ghi tfin nguoi dfl dgt cua dia

phuang, chft yfiu ngufli dfl ttung khoa va

tifiu khoa "Huong cong trftng thi khoa Dinh Dgu trifiu Lfi cu Thai Doin Man tifin sinh, thon Yen Lang; Hifiu sinh, Sinh dfi ttifiu Le cu Thai Nhu Lfi tifin sinh, Phan Do Tifin sinh, Phan Tifin tifin sinh Thai Dinh Tuin tifin sinh Thai Dinh Tgo tifin sinh, Thii Phftc VTnh tifin sinh, dfiu la nhung ngufli thon Yfin Ling Tft tai khoa Giap Ngg Thii Vin Truflng tien sinh, Tft tai khoa Giap Ngg, At Mio Thii Van Khufi tien sinh, ngufli thfln

Yen Lai " [ N ' ' 2 6 6 9 ] Bia HodngXdxd vdn hgi bi ki [N°2394-97] khic danh

sach Giim sinh, Cft nhan cfta xa " | S : i

^#titdbt#i^A^*^i=r^=H-( )

^'s:^^i^n%H^^^n- ( )^/vR

i^ X ^ /Giim sinh Hoang Vin Bin ngufli thfin Phft Difin, Tri huyfin; Hoing Cflng San ngufli thfln Nggc Lam, trftng Tien sT nam Nhim Ty, chau cfta quan; Vuong Tfl Hoing nguoi thon H i Cit ( ); Nguyfin Phftc Hoing ngufli tiifin

Ha Cat Iam quan dfin Tri huyen; Cft nhan Nguyen Van Lifim"

Hay ghi lgi cac difiu lfi cfta hfii: " i ^

n: -r^:=~n^^n%^ji~^->^t

^ " # # ^ ^ + # - t + ^f,^;-§/(Lfi tfi

Dinh chinh tfi vio ngay r i m tiling Hai, thing Tim, nguoi mufin vao HOi phii la nguoi thuc hgc moi dugc (tifin quan Cftng ttiu rugu) Rugng tfi cho phep canh tic, han 3 nim thay ngufli nhin canh tic Cam chi chai co bgc nhan ngiy hfli Mftng ngufli dfl dgt, mftng thg ngufli trfin 60, 70 tufli gflm ciu dfli, ttau, rugu" [ N°2425]

Vo cft l i mgt bfl phgn khflng thfi tach dfli cfta khoa cft Bfin canh ngufln vin bia cfta Hgi Tu vin, Hgi Tu vo cua

Nghfi An CO 03 t i m bia cfta rieng Hgi

Bia Vd hgi ti diin bi ky ghi vfi vific xiy

dyng nha Thanh cfta Vo hgi xa Tnmg

Cin v i o n i m Nhim Ty nien hifiu Tu

Dftc thft 5 (1852) "CJuan vifin, hao myc,

din binh ban dinh tifin hanh bien te, xiy

dyng chinh duflng nha Thinh hgi Vo vfi

phia dong cua xa, dit rugng tfi v i mua

sam te khi" va dat ra quy dinh ve tfi lfi

cfta hgi Vo "Hang nam Xuin Thu lfi tifit,

tfi tu lien sau Van hfli tu nay vfi sau

nen tifip tyc tu sfta de khoi hoang phfi"

Bia van khoa cfta lang Lifin Tri xa Lifin

Thanh huyfin Yfin Thinh vfin d i cfl tft

liu, vo giai khong co bia sao dugc "Lang

gap rut suu t i m ghi chep hg tfin, su

nghifip cfta cic cy ttong gia phi, t i t thiy

deu ghi chep dfi dfli sau khong quen",

danh sach gfim 82 vi vo giai ttii cac

trifiu cfta Iang Vdn vo quan bi x.^'^f^

ghi tfin va chfte quan cfta 6 quan vin v i

14 quan vo ngufli tflng Xuan Lifiu,

huyfin Nam Dan nhiing vin bia nay cfl

gii tri khuyen khich tinh thin "ttgng vo"

cua ngufli dan Nghfi An

3.4 Ghi lgi tiiu su dank nkdn biiu

duang ngudi tdt Pong tap, kkoa cu

Hi$n 6 Nghe An co 09 t i m bia co

nfli dung ghi lai tifiu sft danh nhin, ngufli

do dgt Lo£d bia niy chft yfiu dugc dung fl

tft duong dflng hg, tren bia co the ghi tifiu

sft 01 ngucri hay nhieu ngufli ciing dfi dat

khoa bang cua dflng hg, ghi ve ngufli thiy

dgy minh Soan gii nhiing tim bia nay la

nhiing ngufli do dgt khoa danh nhu Trgng

nguyen Nguyen True soan Thdi su Cuang

Qudc cdng bi ki (NguyinXi) j^tf^mit:

i^-ie.[N"47636], Tifin sT Van Dftc Giai

soan Thugng thu Thiiu bdo Dui Qudn

cdng Nd Tudng cong tu dudng bi ki ^

t 'p- i^^1k^ "^ ^n =f8 'A' ^ ^ 4 ie

[N°2818- 2] Hoac hgc ttfl la Pho b ^ g , Cft nhan, Tft tii ciing ghi lai vfi nguoi

thiy cua mlnh: Li nham dgo trai Nguyin liin sink tkg tdng : i t ^ J t ^ l f t , ^ i # ^ [N"2638-39], San Dudng tien sink tu bdc tkg tdng O t ^ ^ i g h # ^

[N°2655-56] Sau khi Thii su Cuong Qufic cflng Nguyin Xi mit nam 1465, vua Le Thanh Tflng cho dung dfin tho fing tgi que nha dfing thfli lenh cho Trang nguyfin Nguyen Trye soan bii van bia dfi khac vao da Tifiu sft, hinh ttgng cfta Nguyen Xi dugc Nguyen True ghi lai mgt cich day dft nhat Dfl chinh la tam guong sang ve y chi, tii nang cfta mgt vi vo tuong qufi huong Nghe An:

" - i : ^ - M R * * I ^ S - ^ ^ # ^ : ^ - t | : " - # - J [ i t

^ ^ • f f F - ^ # ^ : ^ / 6 n g la nguoi hg Nguyin, dugc ban Quflc tinh hg Lfi, hfty

la Xi Cha hfty la Hfli, me hg Vo hfty Hach Miy dfli sfing a xa Thugng Xa, huy?n Chan Phftc dit Hoan Chiu Cufii doi n h i Hfi gap buoi binh bifin luu ly, ben den song fl Lam Kinh khi dfl moi 9 tafli Lfln Ifin ong theo Thii Tfl Cao hoang dfi khfli nghTa, da cftng anh la Bifin, vugt nfti bing sfing, mu ram tfin

da, lip nfin cflng lfln ( ) Ong cfln dugc gia phong ia Hun tuflrng quflc Thii phfl Cuong Quflc cong Bflng lgc, c i p bac, pham ttit, deu dgt tfli dot dinh vinh