THIfC TRANG N H A N TH0C VA NHU CAU TAP LUYEN THE DUG THE THAO GUA NGirOl CAO TUOI TAI CAU LAG BO SffC KHOE NGOAI T R O I QUANHAIBATliirNGHANOI Vu Thanh Long* Tom tat; Tren co sd ton
Trang 1THIfC TRANG N H A N TH0C VA NHU CAU TAP LUYEN THE DUG THE THAO GUA NGirOl CAO TUOI TAI CAU LAG BO SffC KHOE NGOAI T R O I
QUANHAIBATliirNGHANOI
Vu Thanh Long*
Tom tat;
Tren co sd tong hgp, phan tich tai lieu chuydn mdn v^ kdt q u i phdng van 70 hgi vien ngudi cao tudi (NCT) tai Cau !gc bp (CLB) SiJc khde ngoai trdi Qu§n Hai Ba Trung Ha Ngi da danh gia du-gc thyc trang nhan thuc cua cac hdi vien v4 y nghTa, t^c dung cua t$p luygn TDTT thu-dng xuyen, cung nhu Igi tch cua yoga ddi vdi co the ngu'ai t§p; dong thdi xac djnh du-gc nhu cau tham gia tap luygn lam co sd khoa hgc cho viec lya chgn, i>ng dung giai phap tap luyen duy tri va nang cao stic khde cho NCT
TIP khoa: Thuc trang nhan thuc, nhu cau t§p luydn, NCT, CLB Sue khde ngoai trdi, Ha Ngi
The reality of otd people's awareness and need for doing physical exercises at outside
health club in Hai Ba Trung district, Ha Noi Summary:
Based on synthesizing, analyzing specialized information and interviewing result of 70 old people
at outside health club in Hai Ba Trung district, Ha Noi, the reality of old people's awareness of meaning, effect of frequent physical exercises and benefit of yoga Is assessed, at the same time, the need for doing physical exercises is defined to be used as the scientific foundation for selecting, applying training solutions to remain and promote old people's health
Keywords: The reality of awareness, the need for doing physical exercises, old people, outside
health club Ha Noi , , ,
dinh ddng co, xay dung ke hoach tham gia tap luyen mgt each khoa hgc
Xuat phat tu quan diem tren chung tdi tien
BAT VAN OE
Nhan thurc la su phan anh hien thuc khach
quan trong y thiic cua con ngudi Nhan thiic bao
gdm: Nhan thiic cam tinh va nhan thiic ly tinh,
chung cd mdi quan he bien chiing vdi nhau va co
sd, muc dich, tieu chuan cua nhan thiic la thuc
tien xa hdi Con ngudi tnrde khi lam mgt viec nao
dd da cd nhan thiic, da xac dinh dugc muc dich
hoat ddng Nhu vay, nhan thiic cd vai trd rat quan
trgng ddi vdi cugc sdng va hoat ddng cua con
ngudi Nhan thiic la thanh phan khdng the thieu
trong sir phat trien ciia con ngudi, la so sd de con
ngudi nhan biet va hieu biet the gidi, tir dd cd the
lira chgn bien phap tac ddng phii hgp va mang lai
hieu qua cao nhat Nhd cd nhan thiic ma con
ngudi cd the cai tao dugc the gidi va cao hon nua
la cd the cai tao dugc chinh ban than minh, phuc
vu dugc nhu cau cua chinh minh
Trong hoat ddng tap luyen TDTT thi vai trd
tac dung va lgi ich cua tap luyen, phuang phap
hanh danh gia thuc trang nhan thiic cua cac hdi vien ve vai trd, tac dung cua tap luyen TDTT thudng xuyen, ciing nhu lgi ich ciia yoga ddi vdi
CO the; ddng thdi xac dinh nhu cau tham gia tap luyen lam ca sd khoa hgc cho viec lua chgn, ling dung giai phap duy tri va nang cao sue khde cho NCT sinh hoat tai CLB Siic khde ngoai trdi Quan Hai Ba Trung, Ha Ndi
P H M G PHAP NGHIEN Cifu
Qua trinh nghien ciiu cua chung tdi da su dung cac phuong phap: Tdng hgp va phan tich tai lieu, phuong phap phdng van bang phieu hdi
va toan hgc thdng ke
Ddi tugng khao sat la 70 hdi vien tham gia sinh hoat tai CLB Siic khde ngoai trdi Quan Hai
Ba Tnmg, Ha Ndi Tuy nhien trong thuc tien chi
cd 02 hdi vien NCT la nam gidi, do mau nghien
va phuong tien tap luySn la ddi tugng ciia cihi khdng dam bao dugc tmh dai dien nen trong nhan thiic Nh^n thiic diing dan la ca sd lam qua trinh xu ly d8 tai khdng phan tich dudi gdc
xukt hien nhu cau ben trong va la can cii de xac dp gidi tinh
Trang 2KET QUA NGHIEHI ClTU VA BAN LUAN chon bang x' voi P<0.05 Nhihig hieu qua tac
1 Thirc trang nhan thu'c vk tac dung ciia dpng ehung nhir: Nang cao nang luc van dgng,
tap luyen TDTT thirvng xuyen va Im ich cua Cai thien dac diem hinh thai, Keo dai tuoi tho yoga do! vo'i c c the ngu'd'i t a p da nhan duac su lira chpn gan nhu tuyet d6i;
Co che tac dpng va hieu qua cua tap luyen trong khi eac hieu qua nhu tang cuong sue di
TDTT thucmg xuyen, ciing nhu loi ich cua yoga khang va nang luc thich ung, kha niing cai thiSn doi vol CO thS ngucri tap da dupe nghien eiiu rjt siic khoe tam thin co su lua chon thIp hon ro sau voi nhiSu eong trmh khoa hpc duoc dang tai (71.4% va 62.9%)
hen cac tap chi khoa hpc ehuyen nganh, cac tai Nhu vay, hieu qua tac dpng chung ciia luyen lieu chuyen mon va dupe xem xet, phan tich tap da dupe cac hpi vien nhan thiie ro va dung ducri nhieu goc dp thupc cac linh viic: giai phSu, dSn K& qua thu dupe phii hpp voi qui luSt cua sinh ly, hoa sinh, ly sinh, tam ly, su pham va nhan thiic do nhimg b i i u hien nhan dupe sir
khoa hpc xa hpi Tren co so tdng hop, phan tich d6ng thuan cao chu yiu phan anh nhan thiic cam
tai lieu ehuyen mon, voi mong mu6n kat qua tinh Nhung hieu qua tac dpng con lai phan anh phan anh chinh xac, khach quan nhan thiie ciia nhan thiic ly tinh nen khong phai moi hpi vien
nguoi tham gia tap luyen chiing toi da tdng hpp diu co th6 hilu ro trong bfli canh thuc trang qua
va khai quat hieu qua tac dpng eua viec tap hinh tap luyen khong sii dung va kiSm fra eac
luyen TDTT thuong xuyen va Ipi ich eiia yoga ehi sd (test) y smh n^rc tiSp phan anh nhimg hieu
doi voi CO the nguoi tap dual dang cac tieu ehi, qua nay
phu hop voi dac diam nhan thiic cua d6i hipng 1.2 Thuc trang nhan thirc vi Iffi ich cua tham gia khao sat Ket qua nghien eiiu va ban yoga doi v&i ca the nguM tfp
luan dupe hinh bay dpc lap theo 2 npi dmig Tir kft qua nghien ciiu vi nhu c k tham gia _ 1.L Thuc trgng nhan thice eua cdc hpi vien tap luyen ciia 70 hoi vien NCT tai CLB Sire khoe
ve tac dung cda tap luyen TDTT thtromg xuyen ngoai hoi Quan Hai Ba Trung' Ha Noi da cho
Tren CO so tong hpp, phan tich tai Heu ehuyen thjy co 30 hoi vien (nir) mong mu6n duoc tham mon Chung toi da tong hpp va khai quat hieu qua gia tap yoga theo chuong trinh dudi su huong din tae dpng cua , , p luyen TDTT thucmg xuyen theo cua HLV Nhim mue dich xae dinh ea so eho viec
06 heu chi Ket qua phong van 70 hpi vien NCT xay dung ehuong trinh tap luyen thuc nghiem
dang smh hoat ta CLB Sue khoe ngoa, trai mpt each khoa hpc di tai da^nghien cuu d a ^ g «
S b t l f ' • " ' " ' • '"'' " • * " ^ nhanthuecuaaOhpcviennay v e i p i i e h c t y o g a
• ^ • "J™ ™i CO the ngucri tap Tren eo so t5ng hpp,
phan tich tai lieu ehuyen mon di tai da t6ng hpp
va khai quat Ipi ich cua yoga d6i voi co thi nguoi
tap theo 14 tieu ehi Kft qua phong vSn dupe trinh bay trong bang 2
KSt qua phong v l n cho thiy: Nhan thirc c
Ket qua phong vjn eho thSy:
Nhan thirc ciia cae hpi vien NCT tai CLB
Sire khoe ngoai troi Quan Hai Ba Tnmg eo sir
phan tan thi hien a khac biet dam bao dii dp tin
cay khi sp sanh ty le giiia cac phuong an lua
Bang 1 Thyc tr^ng nhan thu'c v4 tac dung cua tip
luyen TDTT thuong xuyen cua cac hoi viin CLB Sire
khoe ngoai troi Quan Hai B4 Tryng, Ha Noi (n=70)
TT
3
"
NOi dung phong van
Nang cao nang luc van done
Cai thien dac fliem hinh thai
Tang cuong siic de khang
va nang luc thich img
Phong va cnua benh
Cai thien sue kiioe tam than
Keo dai tuoi tho
Ket qua lira chon
va;
70
68
50
56
44
69
%
100 97.1
714
SO
67 9 98.6
t
67.5
P
<0.05
30 hpi vien NCT lira chgn nhung chua tham gia tap luyen yoga co su phan tan, khac biet dam bao du do tin cay khi so sanh ty le giua cac phuang an lira chpn bang tham s6 (P<0.01) Trong do, 06 hieu qua tac dpng gom: Phat trien c a b jp, Bao ve cot s6ng, Giup mau luu thong t6t hon, Giup trai tim khoe m_anh Tang eudmg chirc nang ph6i Lam diu noi dau da nhan dupe sir lira chgn ddng y gin nhu tuyet d6i; Nhom hieu qua ti6p theo g6m: Ngan ngtta thoai hoa khap Tang cudng h |
Trang 3Bang 2 Thirc trang nhan thu'c ve Icri ich cua yoga doi v6i
ccr the ngirffi tap cua hpi vien CLB Si>c khoe ngoai trffi
Quan Hai Ba Tru'ng, Ha Noi (n=30)
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Ndi dung phong van
Phat trien ca bap
Ngan ngira thoai hoa khdp
Bao ve cot song
Lam xuong chae khde
Giup mau luu thong tot hon
Tang cudng he mien dich
Giiip trai tim khoe manh
Giam huyet ap
Giam lupng dudng trong mau
Cai thien he than kinh
Giai phong cang thang
Tang cudng chifc nang phoi
Lam diu noi dau
Hd trp sir hoi phiic
Ket qua lira chon
m,
30
21
27
18
28
20
29
20
17
23
23
30
27
18
%
100
70
90
60 93.3 66.7 96.7 66.7 56.7 76.7 76.7
100
90
60
X'
52.5
P
<0.01
kinh, Giai phdng cang thang cd su lua chgn thap
hon, dat ty 1? tu 66.7% den 76.7% Dac biet, cac
hieu qua: Lam xuong chac khde, Giam lugng
dudng trong mau, Hd trg sy hdi phuc nhan dugc
su lira chgn thap, chi tu 56.7% den 60%
Cung nhu nhan xet d ndi dung tren, nhdm 1
vdi cac bieu hien nhan thiic cam tinh da giiip
NCT cam nhan dugc hieu qua ro net Nhdm 2
va 3 la nhiing bieu hien nhan thiic ly tinh va
trong bdi canh ddi tugng tham gia phdng van
chua tham gia luyen tap da lam han che miic do
nhan thiic cua NCT mac du cd nhu cau tham gia
Nhin chung, day la kk qua tich cue, thuan lgi
cho viec trien khai iing dung cac bien phap tap
luyen duy tri, nang cao siic khde cho ddi tugng
thirc nghiem, tuy nhien trong qua trinh thuc
nghiem can kiem tra bd sung cac chi sd y sinh
de nang cao nhan thiic ciia ngudi tap va lam rd
hon hieu qua cua tap luyen mang lai
2 ThLPC trang nhu cau tham gia tap luyen
duy tri va nang cao sire khoe cua NCT sinh
hoat tai CLB Sire Ithoe ngoai trd'i Quan Hai
Ba Tru'ng, Ha Noi
Nhu cku la mgt hien tugng tam ly cua con
ngudi; la ddi hdi, mong mudn, nguyen vgng ciia
con ngudi ve vat chat va tinh than de tdn tai va
phat triSn Nhu cau la yeu td thiic day con ngudi
hoat ddng Nhu cau cang cap bach thi kha nang chi phdi con ngudi cang cao
De xac dinh ca sd thuc tien cho viec lua chgn ngi dung giai phap, xay dung chuang trinh tap luyen duy tri va nang cao siic khde cho NCT mgt each khoa hgc de tai da lira chgn ndi dung
va tien hanh phdng van 70 hdi vien dang sinh hoat tai CLB Ket qua dugc trinh bay tai bang 3 Ket qua phdng van cho thay: Nhu cau tham gia tap luyen
cua 70 hdi vien CLB NCT d tit
ca cac ngi dung cd sir phan tan, khac biet dam bao dii do tin cay khi so sanh ty le giUa cac phuang an lua chgn bang tham
sd (P<0.05-0.01)
Ve hinh thiic tap luyen: cd
02 hinh thuc dugc da sd lua chgn, chiem tdi 7L1% Day la 2 hinh thiic tap luyen khdng chi phat huy dugc tac dung giai tri, cai thien sue khde tam thSn, ma cdn phu hgp vdi viec td chiic tap luyen dudi hinh thiic cd ngudi hudng dan dugc 78.6% lua chgn, dap iing nhu cau giao liru ciia NCT
Ve ndi dung mong mudn dugc tap luyen (khdng gidi han lua chgn), the due dudng sinh
va yoga la 2 hinh thiic dugc lira chgn cao nhat, phu hgp vdi nhu cau cua NCT hien nay trong xa hdi Di bg siic khde, bdng chuyen hai, bdng ciia ciing nhan dugc kha nhieu lira chgn, cd the do day la cac mdn the thao de td chiic, chi phi thap,
va 2 mdn bdng la cac mdn dang dugc td chiic tap luyen tai CLB
Thdi gian tap luyen cd sir lua chgn kha tap trung, tucmg iing la 92.8%) vdi 4-5 budi/tuan va 60-90 phiit tap luyen mdi budi chiem 82.9% Thdi diem tap luyen trong ngay, khoang tii 15h-18h, dugc 87.1% lira chgn
Nhu vay cd the thay, nhu cau tap luyen ciia NCT tai CLB Siic khde ngoai trdi Quan Hai Ba Tnmg, Ha Ndi kha ddng nhat Day la co sd thuc tien va la dieu kien thuan lgi cho viec lira chgn bien phap va td chiic tap luyen nhSm duy tri va nang cao siic khde cho NCT tai CLB
Trang 4Bang 3 Thipc trang nhu cau tham gia t?p luyei
cua NCT tai CLB Su'c khoe ngoai trffl Qu?n
in duy tri va nSng cao su'c khoe Hai Ba Tru'ng, Ha Noi (n=70)
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
Noi dung
Ong (ba) mong mudn
hmh thuc tap luyen nao
sau day?
Ong (ba) mong mudn
hmh thiie to chirc tap
luyen nao sau day?
Ong (ba) mong mudn
tap luyen mdn TT nao
sau day?
Thdi gian tap luyen
/man?
Thdi gian tap luyen moi
budi?
Thdi diem tap luyen
trong ngay?
TD budi sang Nhom CLB
T u t a p Hinh thire khae
Cd hudng dan Khdng cd hudng dan Ket hop
Thg due duong sinh Yoga
Di bd sue khde
Vd dudng sinh Bong chuyen hoi Bdng cifa Boi Idi
Cd vua Khac
1 budi 2-3 budi 4-5 budi Nhieu hon 45-60 phut 60-90 phiit 90-120 phiit 5-h-7h 15h-18h Sau 18h
K§t qua phong van
m i
4
22
32
12
0
55
0
15
32
30
19
3
16
18
8
1
0
0
2
65
3
12
58
0
9
61
0
%
5.7
31.4 45.7 17.2
0
78.6
0
21.4 45.7 42.9 27.1
4.3
22.9 25.7 11.4 1.4
0
0
2.9 92.8
4.3
17.1 82.9
0
12.9 87.1
0
So sanh
X'
45.2
77.5
46.3
87.5
74.8
48.4
P
<0.05
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
KET LUAN
Hpi vien CLB Sire khde ngoai trdi Quan Hai
Ba Tnmg, Ha Ngi ed nhan thire dung va tich cue
ve y nghia tac dung eiia tap luyen TDTT thudng
xuyen, cimg nhu loi ich ciia yoga ddi vdi ca thi,
tuy nhien d nhirng tieu chi danh gia hieu qua tac
dgng mang tinh ly tinh con han chi, ckn bd sung
eac chi s6 (test) hong kiem tra di nang cao nhan
thirc eho ngudi tap
Nhu ciu tham gia tap luyen kha ddng nhdt d
cac ngi dung lira chpn, la ea sd thuc tiln va diSu
kien thuan lgi cho viec lua chgn bien phap va t&
chirc tap luyen nhSm duy tri va nang cao sire
khde cho NCT tai CLB
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1 Hoang Cdng Dan (2002), "Di bp va chay
dudng sinh", Kyyeu Hpi thdoKHve Van dpng
vd dinh duang cho nguai cao tuoi, Benh vien Lao khpa TU- WHO, Bd Y ta, tr.70- 79
2 Le Quy Phupng, Dang Qudc Bao (2002),
Ca sa y sinh hpc cua luyen tap TDTT vi site khde, Nxb TDTT, Ha Ndi
3 Minh Quang, Thanh Chau (2017), Ypga,
tinh thdn vd thi chdt, Nxb Hdng Dire va Nha
sach Van Lang
4 Nguyin Quang Thai (2000), 7am ly nguai
cao tuoi vd nhiing bien phdp thich nghi, Nxb
Tdng hop Ddng Nai