Khong gian xa hoi cua tre em nong thon trong boi canh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Nguyen Dire Chien*'* Nguyen Thj Thu Hirdngt"* Tdm tat: Trong nhiing thdp ky viia qua, Viet Nam dd cd
Trang 1Khong gian xa hoi cua tre em nong thon
trong boi canh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa
Nguyen Dire Chien*'*
Nguyen Thj Thu Hirdngt"*
Tdm tat: Trong nhiing thdp ky viia qua, Viet Nam dd cd nhiiu nd luc tgo mdi trudng tdt nhdt nhdm phdt triin todn diin vi thi chdt, tinh thdn vd tri tue cho tre em ndi chung vd tre
em ndng thdn ndi rieng Tuy nhien, nhiiu lich chudn xd hdi xdy ra vdi tre em ndng thdn gdn ddy cho thdy khdng gian xd hgi vdn chua ddm bdo an todn, dnh hudng din suphdt triin todn dien cua tre em Thuc ti ndy gdy quan nggi ddi vdi gia dinh, cdng ddng vd chinh quyen edc cdp Dua vdo cdc tdi lieu thic cdp gdn day, bdi viit phdn tich mdt sd khia cgnh lien quan din gid tri, chudn muc tuong tdc trong khdng gian gia dlnh nhd trudng, cdng ddng nai cdc em dang sdng vd hgc tap, tii do ggi md hudng hodn thien chinh sdch tgo dung khdng gian xd hdi an todn, ldnh mgnh cho tre em ndng thdn trong bdi cdnh hiin nay Tit khoa: Khdng gian xa hpi, Tre em ndng tiidn, Cdng nghiep hda, Hien dai hda Abstract: Over the past decades, Vietnam has made great efforts to create the best environment for comprehensive development of physics, mind and intelligence for children
in general and rural children in particular However, various social disparities found in rural areas recently have shown the fact that social space remains unsafe, negatively affecting the comprehensive development of children This has raised deep concerns among families, communities and governments at various levels Based on recent secondary documents, the article analyzes some aspects related to values, standards of interaction in the home, school, and community space where children live and study, thereby providing a suggestion to complete the policy in order to create a safe and healthy social space for rural children in the current context
Keywords: Social space Rural Children, Industrialization, Modernization
1 D ^ t v a n d e Cdng udc ciia Lien Hpp Qudc v l Quyen Viet Nam la qudc gia ^ u tien d chau A tte em, nam 1990 (Xem: https://www
va la nude thii hai tren t h i gidi phe chudn unicef.org/vietnam) Hien thyc hda Cdng
udc quoc t l ve Quyen tre em, trong nhung nam qua Dang vd Nha nude Viet Nam ludn
'•' PGS.TS., Vien Xa hoi hpc, Vien Han lam Khoa , , , + • 1,= tukr,^
hpcxahpiYietNam;Email:xhhchien@yahoocom ^ ^ t^"^' ^^^^ ^^^ng kien toan he thong '"> ThS Vien X3 h6i hpc Vifin Him ISm Khoa hpc P^ap luat, chinh sach ve bdo ve, chain soc
Trang 2ban chu truong, chinh sach quan ttgng da
dugc ban hanh nhu: Chi tiii sd 20-CT/TW
ngay 05/11/2012 cua Bd Chinh tti vl "Tdng
cudng cdng tac cham sdc, gido due va bdo
ve tte em ttong tinh hinh mdi"; Khoan 1
Dieu 37 Hiln phdp nam 2013 quy dinh
"Tre em dugc Nha nude, gia dinh vd xd bdi
bao ve, cham sdc va giao due; dugc tham
gia vao cdc van de ve tte em Nghiem cdm
xdm hai, hanh ha, ngugc ddi, bd mac, lam
dung, bdc lot siic Iao dpng vd nhftng hanh
vi khac vi pham quyen tre em"; Ludt Tre em
nam 2016 da the hien rd quyet tam ciia Viet
Nam ttong giai quyet van de nay va dugc
cu thi hda ttong Dilu 25, 26, 27, 28 Cd till
noi, trong nhftng thdp ky qua, Viet Nam dd
cd nhieu no lyc tao dyng mdi trudng chara
sdc va giao due, bao dam khdng gian tot
nhdt cho tte em d trudng hgc, gia dinh vd
cpng ddng nhdm phdt trien toan dien cho
tte ttong bdi cdnh cdng nghiep boa, hien
dai hda Khdng gian xd hdi - noi tte em
ndng thdn sinh sdng dang dien ra nhu the
nao? Npi dung bai viet gdp phdn lam rd van
de nay qua mdt sd khia canh lien quan den
khdng gian xd hdi ciia tte em d ndng thon'
2 Khong gian xa hoi cho tre em trong gia
dinh ndng thdn
Moi trudng gia dinh la khdng gian xa
hdi dau tien ddi vdi moi con ngudi, khdng
chi chdm sdc the chdt ma cdn truyen dat
cac gia tri, chudn muc giiip tre binh thanh
nhdn each, cu xii dung myc vdi thanh vien
gia dinh va nhung ngudi xung quanh Viec
xay dung khdng gian xa hdi hai hda va an
binh d gia dinh se tao ca hpi cho tte em
' Khong gian x3 hpi ciia tre em nong thon gom
m6i quan he tuong tac giiia cac chii the trong gia
dinh, cac gia tri, chuan muc va thiet che xa hpi van
hanh thong qUa quan he tuong tac cua tre trong moi
phat tiiln ca vl the chdt va tinh tiidn ttttdc khi tham gia vao cac khdng gian xa hdi tiep theo la nha trudng, cdng ding xa hpi- Tuy nhien, qua trinh cdng nghiep hda, bien dpi hda va hdi nhdp qudc te da dnh hudng den hinh thiic ttrong tdc, gid tti, chuan muc yd thilt chl van hanh ttong gia dinh ndng thdn Viet Nara (Vu Tudn Huy, 2006) Hien nay, cdc mdi quan be tuong tac cita tte em trong nhilu gia dinh d ndng thdn dang gap khong it khd khdn do da sd cha rae ban muu sinh hdng ngdy, nhieu cha me
di cu din cac khu dd tbi, khu cdng nghiep, thdm chi ra nude ngoai de lam viec, hoac co nhiing cha me ly hdn/ly than nen tre thieu vdng su tucmg tac giua cha hoac me, thdm chi cd cha vd rae Ket qua nghien ciiu cua Nghiem Thi Thuy (2015) cho tiidy, viec cha
me di Iao ddng d nude ngodi cd anh hudng den sy phdt trien the chat, tinh than va hpc tap cua tre em Theo Vii Manh Lgi va cpng
su (2018), tinh trang ly hdn cua cha me de lai nhieu he qua ddi vdi ddi sdng tinh thdn
va hpc tap cua con cai Cd the ndi, nhiing thay ddi lien quan den cdng viec vd hdn nhan cua cha me da chi phdi cupc song cua tte em, ddc biet la viec cham sdc the chdt
vd huyen thu nhiing gia tti, chudn myc gia dinh cho tre em Theo cac nghien ciiu nay, nhieu tre sdng vdi dng/bd, anh chi em dang gap khd khan trong tucmg tac hang ngdy do thieu vang sy tuong tac va kiem sodt true tiep tu phia cha rae
Ben canh dd, cdc gid tti, chudn myc truyin thdng trong gia dinh nong thdn cung dang cd nhilu thay ddi ttong bdi cdnh hien nay Mot so kit qua nghien cuu gdn ddy cho thay, nhilu gia dinh ndng thdn su dung ti vi kit ndi Intemet bode cha me, anh chi trong gia dinh khi su dung dien thoai thong minh
vd tinh de tre tiep can mot sd chuong trinh/ ttang wed khdng phu hgp vdi liia tuli ciia
Trang 3tte (Nguyen Diic Chien, 2012) Mat khac,
cha me thilu kiln thiic giao due vdn hda,
ky nang sdng va gidi tinh ciing khien tte
bo ngo vdi he gia tri, chudn myc mdi ttong
cu6c sdng Nghien ciiu ciia Dd Thi Binh va
cdng sy (2002), Nguyin Thi Minh Phuong
(2013) khi phan tich mdi quan he tuong tac
gifta cha me va con cai ciing chi ra rdng,
nhieu bac cha me khdng du kien thiic de
day do con cai Gido due ky nang sdng va
gidi tinh cho con cai eiing la mdt vdn de
kha mdi nen nhieu gia dinh cdn Iiing tiing
Cd the ndi, ben canh nhiing tien ich ma
cdng nghe thdng tin, mang Intemet dem lai
cho cdc gia dinh ndng thdn thi cilng tiem dn
khdng it vdn de tieu eye nhu tte em cd thi
truy cap vao cdc kenh thdng tm tten Intemet
chiia npi dung ddc hai anh hudng den nhan
each va ldi sdng ciia cdc em Trong khi dd,
nhieu cha me ban muu sinh, thilu kiln thiic
giao due va thdi gian quan tdm den con cai
ciing nhu khdng kiem soat dugc hanh vi
ciia tte da tao co hgi cho nhieu vdn de tieu
cyc, khdng ldnh raanh thdm thdu dan vao
ldi song cua tre
Tinh trang bao lyc trong gia dinh van
cdn tdn tai d ndng thdn (chu yeu ttong
nhdm gia dinh kinh te khd khan) cd anh
hudng tieu cyc den tinh thdn cua tre em
Nghien ciiu cua UNICEF (2017) cho thay
so lugng Idn tte em - ke ca tre chi mdi 12
thdng tudi - dang bi bao lyc, thudng la bdi
chinh nhung ngudi dugc giao phd cham
sdc cac em Tinh trang cha me vd ngudi Idn
tiling hinh thiic trimg phat than the ddi vdi
tte "van dien ra vi hg cho rdng nhu vdy tre
se tdn ttpng Va vang ldi ban; cung vdi thdi
quen, quan niem truyen thdng nhu "thuong
cho roi cho vgt" khien cho nhieu bdc cha me
coi chuyen danh con cai Id binh thudng va
cho rang do la quyen ciia hp Mot sd nghien
me danh dap dudi nhilu hinh thiic Nhilu
vu tte em hi danh dap da man dugc phanh phui, ttong dd cd khdng it trudng hop do cha me thuc hien hanh vi bao lyc (Theo: Bao An, 2018) Cd the ndi, van nan bao lyc gia dinh cung dang anh hudng din suy nghT
va tinh thdn cua tte em Hon nfta, tinh ttang cha me chua quan tdm, ngugc ddi con cai
It chia se, gdn giii, thieu gidm sat con cai ciing la nguyen nhdn khien tre de trd thanh nan nhdn bi lam dung, bdc lot, bao lyc, dl
a dua theo nhung ldi sdng lech chuan, tham chi pham phap
Nhu vdy, khdng gian gia dinh cua tte dang chiu tac ddng tu nhieu yeu td tiem
dn tieu eye, anh hudng den sy phat trien the chat, tinh than ciia tte Day cung la mot ttong nhftng nguyen nhan cua sy gia tang lech chudn, vi pham phap ludt ciia tre, do
do ddi hdi moi gia dinh ndng thdn cdn quan tam, chudn hi tdt tri thiic, sap xep thdi gian
va each thiie phii hgp ttong chdm sdc va giao due tre em
3 Khdng gian xa hpi cho tre em trong cpng dong ndng thon
Cdng ddng la khdng gian xa hdi thii hai anh hudng den su phdt trien the chat va tinh than cua tte era ndng thdn Cac tuong tdc vdi cde chil the trong ddng hp, hdng xdm lang giSng, td chiic doan the xa hpi, ddc biet la dodn thanh nien co sd giiip tte em hinh thanh suy nghT, ling xu 4ung muc vdi thanh vien trong cdng ddng Viec tao dyng khdng gian cdng ddng an toan, ldnh manh
se tao CO hdi cho tte phdt ttien the chdt, tinh than khi tham gia vao khdng gian trudng hgc va mdi tmdng xa hpi- Tuy nhien, mat ttai cua sy phat trien kinh te - xa hpi nhftng nam qua anh hudng khdng nhd den khdng gian tucmg tac, gia tri, chudn myc cua tte
em trong cdng ddng, nhat la cac cpng ddng
Trang 4Nghien ciiu cua Ha Viet Himg (2010),
Nguyen Diic Chien (2018b) chi ra qua trinh
dd thi hda, cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda
dd dan den khdng gian vui choi, ttd choi
tmyen thdng cua tte ttong cdng ddng gdn
nhu bien mdt Cae td chire chinh tri nhu
doan thanh nien chua phat huy tdt vai ttd
tao ra cdc boat ddng vui choi giai tti tmyen
thing nhdm tiniyln dat nhiing gia tti, chudn
muc tot dep cua cpng ddng cho thi he tte
Theo Do Thi Ngpc Phuang (2015), Nguyin
Dire Chien (2018a), doan thanh nien gap
khd khan ttong viec tap hgp thanh nien, thu
hiit thieu nien tham gia boat dpng d cdng
ddng Nguyin Diic Chien (2018b) ciing
chi ra, nhiing cdng ddng nao cd tinh cd ket,
td chiic chinh t r i - x a hdi hoat ddng manh
thi d dd sai lech xa hdi ciia tte em thdp ban
so vdi cpng ddng cd tinh cd ket xd hpi yeu
Tinh ttang thu hep dan dien tich dat cua
khdng gian cdng cdng, bode tu nhdn hoa
khdng gian, dich vy giai tti cung nhu su suy
gidm vai ttd cua cac td chire dodn the, thiet
che xa hdi d cdng ddng da dan den viec tte
thieu khdng gian vui choi giai tti, khdng
gian tuong tac va anh hudng den sy phat
ttien the chat, tdm sinh ly ciia tre CJ nhieu
dia phuong, tte thudng chpn cac ngd hep
ttong xdm de vui choi, da bdng, ddnh cau
hay den quan Intemet choi game khi ranh
rSi, v.v Trong khi do, nhieu gia tri, chudn
myc mdi cimg tiem dn nhftng yeu td tieu
cue, thieu lanh manh va cdc te nan xd hdi
dang ngdy rapt gia tdng, cimg vdi viec van
hanh cac thiet che xa hdi chua diing mong
dpi ciia cdng ddng da dnh hudng tryc tiep
den cupc sdng ciia tte Theo sd lieu cua Bd
Cdng an, ttong 5 ndra (2011-2015), cd nude
phdt hien tten 8.200 vu xdm hai tre em vdi
gdn 10.000 nan nhdn, tang 258 nan nhdn
so vdi 5 nam tniac dd So vu bi xdm hai
hai tmh dye nam Tmdc day, tt^ hi xdm h^i tiiudng d dp ttioi 13-18, thi nay xudt hi?n nhilu vu viec nan nhan d liia tudi 5-13 tuoi Trong tiiyc t l , nhilu vu, tiiu pham lai chinh
Id ngudi cd chiic cd quyen, hg hdng, nguoi tiidn ttong gia dinh hoac quen biet vdi cac
em Nhilu be gai bi xdm hai noi cdng cgng nhu cdng vien, ngo vdng Nhung hanh
vi bao lyc, xdm hai tte em chl khi cham ngudng hinh su mdi bi phat hien, xu ly cho nen con sd ndi tren chi la phdn ndi ciia tang bdng chim (Xem: Minh Nggc, 2017) Nhu vdy, khdng gian tucmg tac cdng dong dang chiu nhilu anh hudng ciia bdi canh hien nay, tilm dn nhieu tieu eye ddi vdi su phat ttiin the chdt, tmh than ciia tte, ddi hoi moi cdng ddng phdi cd each thiic phil hgp chdm sdc, giao due tte
4 Khong gian xa hgi cho tre em trong trudng hoc ndng thon
Nha trudng ddng vai ttd het siic quan ttpng ttong viec tmyen dat cac tri thiic khoa hpc, gid tri, chuan myc xa hgi cho tte
em ndng thdn Nhiing nam gdn ddy, cdng tac ddm bdo an toan hpc dudng ngay cdng dugc quan tam, co sd phap ly ngay cang dugc hoan thien Ndm 2017, Chinh phu ban hanh Nghi dinh sd 80/20I7/ND-CP ngdy 17/7/2017 quy dinh ve mdi tmdng giao dye an toan, lanh manh, than thien, phdng, chdng bao lyc hpc dudng; Bd Giao due va Dao tao cung ban hdnh Quyet dinh sd 5886/ QD-BGDDT ngdy 28/12/2017 v l Chuang ttinh hdnh dpng phdng, chdng bao lyc hpc dudng ttong cac co sd gido due mam non, gido due phd thdng, gido due thudng xuyen giai doan 2017-2021 va mdt sd van ban quy dinh v l phdng, chdng bao lyc hpc dudng Viec tao dyng mdt khdng gian nha tmdng tdt se giiip tte em phdt ttiin toan dien thi chdt va tinh thdn Sy tuong tdc vdi
Trang 5giao va hgc sinh giiip cac em tiep thu chudn
myc, gia tti, tri thiic khoa hgc va hinh thanh
nhan each diing vdi mong dgi ciia xa hpi
Tuy nhien, sy thilu thdn co sd vdt chdt, vdn
nan bao hanh hpc dudng hi6n nay dang anh
hudng khdng nhd din nhdn each tte em
ndng thdn Nguyen Diic Chien (2018b) chi
ra tinh ttang thilu thdn ttang thiet bi hpc
tap, thyc hanh, sdn luyen tap cac mdn the
tiiao, khu vui chai giai tti cua tte em Ket
qud khao sat ciia Vien Tam ly hpc (2014)
tai mdt sd tmdng phia Bdc va mien Tmng
cho thdy, cd mot ty le dang ke hpc sinh
timg la nan nhdn cua bao lyc hpc dudng,
hpc sinh la thu pham ciia bao luc, vira la
thu pham vua la nan nhan ciia bao lyc hpc
dudng Theo thdng ke gdn day ciia Bd Giao
due va Dao tao, trung binh ttong rapt ndra
hpc, ca nude xdy ra gdn 1.600 vu hpc sinh
danh nhau d ttong hoac ngoai tmdng hpc,
day la con sd cdc vu bao luc hpc dudng da
bi phdt hien (Theo: Thao Anh, 2019)
Nguyen Thi Minh Sao (2015), Phan
Dire Nam (2016) chi ra nan bao luc hpc
dudng van ton tai trong nha trudng vd gid
tti cua hpc sinh d mdi tmdng hpc dudng
hien nay da cd nhiing thay ddi ldn so vdi
tmdc ddy, ddy ciing la ly do gay ra bao lyc
vdi ban be Chi ttong quy 1/2019 cd 310 vy
bao lyc hgc dudng tren toan qudc, chii yeu
la d Ilia tudi tmng hpc co sd va tmng hpc
pho thong (Xem: Nhat Hdng, 2019) Bao
lyc hpc dudng cdn xay ra tir chinh giao
vien bao hanh hpc sinh (Xem: Tiln Thanh,
2018) va hinh thiie bao hdnh thi chdt tii
phia giao vien ddi vdi tre cdn nghiem ttpng
hon d bac giao dye mdm non Hpc sinh
khong ehi hung cbju bao lyc ve the chdt tir
phia giao vien md bao luc ve tinh than cung
kha phd bien
Mdt nghien ciiu do UNICEF thyc hien
nua hpc sinh khdng thich tmdng hpc vi ly
do bao lye, bao gdm xdm hai thi chat va Idi ndi bdi giao vien va ban be Kit qud khao sat 417 hgc sinh cho thdy, 34% dd timg bi giao vien va nhftng ngudi Idn khde
d trudng xiic pham bdng ldi ndi nhilu hon mot Idn, 59% da chiing kien nhftng cdnh tugng nay xdy ra trong trudng hpc ttong vdng 12 thang qua Khi dugc hdi vl trimg phat the chdt, 18% sd hgc sinh tra ldi khao sat cho biet cac em da timg trdi qua hinh thiic ky luat nay nhieu hon mdt ldn va 37% sd hpc sinh cho biet da tung chiing kien viec nay (Lesley Miller, 2018) Ben canh dd, vdn nan lam dyng tinh dye van tiep dien trong nha trudng Ket qua n ^ e n ciiu cua Td chiic Plan qudc te tai Viet Nam cho thdy, trong sd hang nghin tre era dugc hdi cd 31% sd em gdi vi thanh nien timg
bi qudy rdi tinh dye noi cdng cdng (Xem: Minh Nggc, 2017)
Cd the ndi, khdng gian tuang tac hpc tap, vui choi giai tti ciia tre em ttong nhd tmdng thieu thdn, ciing viec dieu tiet, kiem sodt cua thiet che nhd tmdng chua thyc hien tdt chiic ndng da dan den sai lech gia tti, chudn rauc gia tdng trong khdng gian nhd tmdng Thuc te nay dnh hudng khdng nhd din sy phdt trien the chat, tinh than va tti tue cua mli tre em, doi hdi xa hdi phdi sdm cd bien phap khde phuc
5 Mot so nhan xet va ket luan Phan tich tren cho thdy biic tranh ve khdng gian xa hpi cua tte em ndng thdn ttong bdi cdnh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda Mdi gia dinh, cdng ddng va nha tmdng deu quan tdm tao dyng rapt khdng gian an toan, lanh manh dl phat ttien thi chdt, tinh thdn va tri tue tre em, nhung cung khong trdnh khdi nhiing ban chl cung nhu nhftng tac nhan tieu cyc ttong cudc sdng ciia tre
em ndng thdn hien nay
Trang 642 Thong tin Khoa hpc x& hpi so
Cudc sdng muu sinh xa nha ciia nhilu
cha me ciing ban c h l sy tuong tac tryc tilp
vdi con cdi de tmyen thy cac gid tti, chudn
muc tmyen thdng ciia gia dinh, xa hdi
Trong khi do, nhieu cha me gdn gyi con cai
hang ngay nhung lai thilu kiln thiic v l ky
nang sdng vd gidi tinh d l giao dye cho tte
Sy phat trien cdng nghe thdng tin va sy lan
trayen cac gia tti vdn hda ben ngoai, van
nan bao lyc ttong gia dinh cung chi phoi
den sy phat ttien the chdt, tinh thdn vd tti
tue tte em ndng thdn
Mdi trudng, khdng gian nha trudng vdn
cdn tdn tai nhieu bat cap Viec thieu ttang
thiet bi hgc tap, khdng gian luyen tap the
thao, vui choi cho cac era; gido vien chua
dam nhiem tdt vai trd ttuyin dat chudn myc
dao diic xa hdi, tri thiic, ky ndng sdng cho
hpc sinh; vdn nan lam dung tinh due, bao
lyc hpc dudng van tilp diln da dnh hudng
tieu cue d i n boat ddng tuong tac hpc tap
va phdt trien nhdn cdch ciia tte Trong khi
do, khdng gian cdng ddng cho tte em ndng
thon cung dang bi chi phdi Sy thu hep ddn
khdng gian cdng cdng; sy suy yeu cua he
gid tti, chudn myc va kiem soat ciia cac
thiet che tmyen thdng (ddng hp, xdm lang,
cdc td chiic xa hdi) da tao c a hpi cho nhiing
gia ttj, chudn myc tieu cyc thdm thau vao
tte va gia tang sai lech, vi pham phap luat
ciia tte
Cd the ndi, nhiing bdt cap ttong khdng
gian gia dinh, nha ttudng, cdng ddng cd
anh hudng rat Idn den su phat trien the
chat, tinh than, tti tue tte em Viec tao dyng
khdng gian xa hdi lanh manh cho tre em
trong bdi cdnh Viet Nam chuyen ddi la rdt
cap thiet, can phdi cd su quan tdm, phoi
ket hgp giua gia dinh, cdng ddng va nhd
tmdng D I lam dupe dieu do, chiing tdi dua
ra mot sd ggi md nhir sau:
- Ddi vdi gia dinh: Cha me nen ban
chl muu smh xa nha, uu tien lya chpn ho? dpng kinh te tai cac khu cdng nghiep, d6 thi ldn can d l cd dilu kien chdm sdc vd giao due con cdi
- Ddi vdi cpng ddng: Phdt ttiSn kinh
tl, cai tiuen co sd ha tang, dich vu xa hgi ndng thdn d l giam ddn di cu Do tiii hda, cdng nghiep hda nhung khdng lam tiiu hep khong gian cdng cpng Phat huy vai ttd cua thilt c h l xa hdi tiuyin tiidng ttong viec tmyin thu hudng cac em den cdc gia hi, chudn myc t m y i n thdng va hipn dai phh hgp; kilm soat hdnh vi lech chuan, vi pham phap ludt ciia tte em, ndng cao vai trd cua
du ludn xa hpi ttong cdng ddng ddi vdi nhiing hanh vi lech chudn cua cac chu th6 trong cpng ddng ddi vdi tte em
- Ddi vdi nha tmdng: Hoan thien co sd
ha tdng cung vdi hien dai- hda trang thiet
bi hgc tap; nang cao dao diic nghe nghiep ciia giao vien; tao khdng gian xa hpi, khong gian luyen tap vui chai gidi tti cho hgc sinh
d l xdy dyng tmh thdn doan ket, tuong ttg giiip dd ttong hgc sinh, gidm thieu sy khac biet xa hpi va mau thuan gifta cac nhom hgc sinh; kiem soat chat che nhung hanh vi sai lech ttong khdng gian nhd tmdng Tdm lai, khdng gian xa hpi ciia tte em ndng thdn dang bi tac ddng bdi qua ttinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda; sy phat ttien
t h i chdt, tinh thdn va tri tue ciia tte em cd
t h i se khdng di diing hudng mong dgi ciia gia dinh va xa hdi, dieu nay de dpa sy thinh vupng va phdt trien ben viing ddt nude Thyc t l nay ddi hdi sy quan tdm vao cupc ddng bd, ttach nhiem, quylt liet cua ca he thdng chinh tri, nhdt Id nhd tmdng, cac dia phuang va tiing gia dinh nham tao ra khdng gian xa hdi lanh manh va an toan nhdt cho tte em ndng thdn ttong bdi cdnh ddt nude day manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda va hpi nhdp qudc te Q
Trang 7Tai lieu tham khao
1 Bao An (2018), Gdn 70% tre em Viet
Nam bi cha me bao hdnh, http://www
hoinongdan.org.vn/sitepages/news/
1145/723 01
/gan-70-tre-em-viet-nam-bi-cha-me-bao-hanh ttuy cap I0/9/20I9
2 Thao Atih.(20l9), Ngdn chgn td gdc tinh
trgng bao luc hgc dudng,h.ttp:llT)hsitidan
com.vn/chinhtri/item/39791I02-ngan-
chan-tu-goc-tinh-trang-bao-luc-hoc-duong.httnl, ttuy cap 23/5/2019
3 Do Thi Bmh, Le Ngpc Van, Nguyen
Linh Khilu (2002), Gia dinh Viit Nam
vd ngudi phu nir trong gia dinh thdi ky
Ddi mdi, Nxb Khoa hgc xa hdi, Ha Ndi
4 NguyenDiicChien(2012),"Mdtsdvan
dl xa hpi bftc thiet ddi vdi thiet che hdn
nhan va gia dinh Viet Nam hien nay"
Tap chiXa hdi hgc, sd 2
5 Nguyen Diic Chien (2018a), Mang/WOT
xd hgi trong phdt trien kinh te hd gia
dinh ndng thdn ddng bdng song Hdng
thdi ky ddi mdi, Nxb Khoa hpc xa hpi
Ha Npi
6 Nguyen Diic Chien (2018b), "Rao can
va thach thiic ttong phat ttien giao due
phd thdng d vung mien niii Tdy Bac
hien nay" Tap chi Ddn tdc hgc, sd 4
7 I<ihatll6ng(20l9), Bao luc hgc dudng:
Phdi hgp phdng chdng chua theo kip vdi
thuc te,
https://dantri.com.vn/giao-duc-khuyen-hoc/bao-luc-hoc-duong-phoi
-hop-phong-chong-chua-theo-kip-voi-tiiuc-te-201905I9113512129.httn
8 Vu Tudn Huy (2006), "Nhung vdn dl
ciia gia dinh Viet Nam ttong qua trinh
bien ddi xa hdi theo xu hudng cdng
nghiep hda va hien dai hod", Tap c\uXd
hgi hgc, sd 2
9 Ha Viet Himg (2010), "Cdng nghiep
hda, hien dai hda va bien ddi gia dinh"
10 Phan Diic Nam (2016), Niim tin trong
gido due, De tai cap ca sd Vien Xa
hdi hpc
11 Mmh Ngpc (2017), Chung tay tgo mdi
truong an todn cho tre, http:ll'www
hanoimoi.com.vn/Tin-tuc/Doi-song/ 870216/chung-tay-tao-moi-traong-an-toan-cho-tre), tmy cap ngdy 23/5/2019
12 Lesley Miller (2018), Khuyin khich ky
lugt tich cue trong trudng hgc, https://
www.unicef.org/vietnam/vi/th%C3
%B4ng-c%C3%Alo-b%C3%Alo -ch%C3%AD/khuy%El%BA%B Fn-kh%C3%ADch-k%El%BB%B7 -lu%El%BA%ADt-t%C3%ADch-c%EI%BB%Blc-trong-tr%C6%B0% El%BB%9Dng-h%El%BB%8Dc
13 Nguyen Thi Minh Phuang (2013),
"Thdi ky vi thanh nien: mdi quan he gdn ket cha me giua con cai va vai ttd
giao dye cua gia dinh" Tap chi Xd hdi
hgc, sd 4
14 Dd Thi Ngpc Phuang (2015), "Vai trd cua cac td chiic xa hdi tham gia giam sat thyc hien quyen tre em - Mdt vai
khuyin nghi", Tap chi Xd hgi hoc,
sd 2
IS.Nguyen Thi Minh Sao (2015), "Tmh trang bao luc cua gido vien ddi vdi hpc sinh: mdt phdn tt'ch xd hdi hgc" Tap chi
Xd hdi hgc, sd 4
16 Tiln Thanh (2018), Cd gido phgt hgc
sinh 231 cdi tdt" nhdp vien cdp cieu trong tinh trgng khiing hodng, https://
dantri.com.vn/giao-duc-khuyen-hoc/ co-giao-phat-hoc-sinh-231 -cai-tat-nhap -vien-cap-cuu-trong-tinh-ttang-khung-hoang-2018112817205 5126.httn n.Nghiem Thi Thiiy (2015), "Tac ddng cua bd me di Iao dpng d nude ngoai tdi
sy phat ttiin ciia tte em trong gia dinh"