Page 1 of 39SCHEDULE OF EVENTS SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 2019 8:00 AM ARRIVAL AND POSTER SETUP Vande Woude Sessions Conference Room and Cook-Hauenstein Hall 8:15 AM RECRUITER ARRIVAL AND
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SCHEDULE OF EVENTS SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 2019
8:00 AM ARRIVAL AND POSTER SETUP Vande Woude Sessions Conference Room and Cook-Hauenstein Hall
8:15 AM RECRUITER ARRIVAL AND SETUP DeVos Lobby
Steve Triezenberg, PhD
Dean, Van Andel Institute Graduate School and WMRUGS Master of Ceremonies
Paloma Vargas, PhD
Assistant Professor of Biology and Director, Hispanic-Serving Institute Initiatives California Lutheran University
“Learning Through Research: Life Lessons from a Latinx Biologist”
10:00 AM POSTER SESSION I Vande Woude Sessions Conference Room and Cook-Hauenstein Hall
Presenters at even-numbered posters
11:25 AM GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH TALK Tomatis Auditorium
Zach DeBruine, PhD Candidate – Van Andel Institute Graduate School
“Frizzled GPCRs initiate and amplify signaling through independent mechanisms”
Svetlana Djirackor, Aquinas College
“Subcloning of zebrafish NOD1 alleles into UAS:P2A-nls-EGFP for investigation of NOD1’s role in hematopoietic stem cell development”
Liam Ferraby, Calvin University
“The Science of Providing Services Spatially for Returning Citizens”
Lunch seating is available in the café, conference rooms 3104 & 3105, the pre-function area outside of conference rooms 3104 & 3105 and Tomatis Auditorium
12:35 PM RECORDED TED TALKS Tomatis Auditorium
Please join us in the auditorium to watch recorded TED Talks
1:10 PM POSTER SESSION II Vande Woude Sessions Conference Room and Cook-Hauenstein Hall
Presenters at odd-numbered posters
2:35 PM UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH TALKS Tomatis Auditorium
Katelyn Brown, Ferris State University – College of Pharmacy
“Metabolic Engineering for Production of Novel Tetracenomycins”
Erin Reasoner, Grand Valley State University
“Dopamine D2 receptor activation regulates aversive effects of methamphetamine”
Alicia Bostwick, Hope College
“Investigating Mechanisms of Regulation of Mitochondrial DNA Transcription”
Mya Gough, Kalamazoo College
“Design and Synthesis of Maleimide-Tryptamine Hybrids as Potential Antibacterial Agents”
Graduate School, medical school, professional master’s program and internship/employment recruiters/representatives are located in the DeVos Lobby
Start and end times for recruiters/representatives will vary A list of recruiters/representatives, their contact information, and their availability is provided on pages 33-39
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WEST MICHIGAN REGIONAL UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE RESEARCH CONFERENCE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Costs for the 2019 West Michigan Regional Undergraduate Science Research Conference are underwritten by our
title sponsor Gentex Corporation, memorial sponsor Generous Gifts Honoring Dr Gordon Van Harn, poster session sponsors Ferris State University’s College of Pharmacy and Grand Valley State University, supporting sponsor
Western Michigan University’s The Graduate College, as well as by the following organizing institutions: Aquinas College, Calvin University, Ferris State University – College of Pharmacy, Grand Valley State University, Hope College, Kalamazoo College, and Van Andel Institute Graduate School
POSTER SESSION SPONSOR
TITLE SPONSOR
MEMORIAL SPONSOR
POSTER SESSION SPONSOR
SUPPORTING SPONSORS
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ADDITIONAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS – COMMITTEE AND SUPPORT STAFF
WMRUGS ORGANIZING INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Elizabeth Jensen, PhD – Aquinas College Keith Grasman, PhD – Calvin University Eric Nybo, PhD – Ferris State University, College of Pharmacy Mark Staves, PhD – Grand Valley State University Kristin Dittenhafer-Reed, PhD – Hope College Dwight Williams, PhD – Kalamazoo College Mary Winn, PhD – Van Andel Institute Graduate School / Van Andel Research Institute
WMRUGS SUPPORT STAFF
Cover images designed by Frank Brenner, VAI Communications & Marketing Associate
Social media administration and support provided by Alex Edema and Zane McMillin, Associates – VAI Communications & Marketing, Caitlin Smith, Senior Administrative Assistant – Communications & Marketing and Kayla Habermehl, Science Communications Specialist – Office of the Chief Scientific Officer
Administrative support provided by Michelle Love, Van Andel Institute Graduate School staff, the
graduate students of Van Andel Institute Graduate School and the post-doctoral fellows from
Van Andel Research Institute Audiovisual services provided by Terry Ballard and Bill Baillod with Van Andel Institute Production Services,
and Tim Sundt with Viking Creative, LLC Catering services provided by Eurest Dining Services
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KEYNOTE SPEAKER 9:15 AM | Tomatis Auditorium
Paloma Vargas, PhD
Assistant Professor of Biology and Director, Hispanic-Serving Institute Initiatives
California Lutheran University
“Learning Through Research: Life Lessons from a Latinx Biologist”
For more information on Dr Vargas, visit:
https://www.callutheran.edu/faculty/profile.html?id=palomav
In this Keynote Address, Dr Paloma Vargas, will discuss the roles of mentoring and research on the success of students from underserved backgrounds Dr Vargas will provide anecdotes from her own lived experiences on the impact of mentoring, being a mentored, and working in research have had on her own career trajectory & how this has influenced her work in diversity and inclusion in higher education Dr Vargas will also share high- impact practices to promote student success Dr Vargas is an Assistant Professor in Biology and the serves as the Director of Hispanic-Serving Institute Initiatives at California Lutheran University in Thousand Oaks, CA
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GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH TALK 11:25 AM – 11:40 AM | Tomatis Auditorium
Zach DeBruine, PhD Candidate – Van Andel Institute Graduate School
Molecular and Cellular Biology
Research Mentor: Karsten Melcher, PhD – Lead Investigator: Structural Biology and
Biochemistry, Van Andel Institute
Scientific Talk Emphasis: Biochemistry
Co-Author(s): Karsten Melcher, PhD
“Frizzled GPCRs initiate and amplify signaling through independent mechanisms”
Membrane receptors are typically thought of as molecular switches which are flipped on
and off upon ligand binding However, the interactome around each of these proteins is exceedingly complex, and sometimes the activity of these receptors are carefully tuned by multiple regulatory pathways and activation mechanisms A few years ago, we made the perplexing observation that Frizzled G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) lacking a ligand-binding domain were still able to signal We investigated how this was possible, and learned that there are two independent mechanisms through which Frizzleds can either initiate, or amplify, signaling This finding changes how we view Wnt pathway regulation and pharmacology
It is also yet another example of how perplexing observations should be explored, not ignored
Student Profile: https://vaigs.vai.org/students-alumni/students/zach-debruine/
Alumnus: Hope College, Bachelor of Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2015
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Scientific Talk Emphasis: Immunology
Co-Author(s): Lucas Topie and L Robert Peters, Jr., PhD
“Subcloning of zebrafish NOD1 alleles into UAS:P2A-nls-EGFP for investigation of NOD1’s role in hematopoietic stem cell development”
Abstract: NOD1 is a dimeric pattern recognition receptor of the innate immune system, encoded by the NOD1 gene This protein
recognizes bacterial pathogens and, upon recognition, it is activated and initiates an immune response NOD1 activation has been implicated in the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) yet the underlying mechanism of this process remains elusive
To further explore the role of NOD1 in HSC development, we used the recombinational cloning system, In-Fusion® (Clontech) Cloning to subclone zebrafish dominant-negative NOD1 alleles (L36Q and K202R) formerly designed by our group and the NOD1 wild type allele (NOD1 WT) into the plasmid UAS:P2A-nls-EGFP Our collaborators will use this plasmid, flanked by Tol2 recognition sites, to integrate the sequence of interest into the zebrafish genome and thus monitor the role of NOD1 in HSC development
Liam Ferraby, Calvin University
Major(s): Environmental Studies Class of 2020
Research Mentor(s): Jason VanHorn, PhD – Assistant Professor and Department Co-Chair, Geology, Geography and Environmental Studies, Calvin University
Scientific Talk Emphasis: Immunology
Co-Author(s): Dr Jason VanHorn, Dr Kevin den Dulk, and Annalane Miller
“The Science of Providing Services Spatially for Returning Citizens”
Abstract: Resources available to returning citizens (released from prison) for locating service provider assistance are often difficult
to use and incapable of providing the necessary support required for a successful reentry back into society This problem generated a need for an improved method of providing returning citizens with the fundamental support vital to the success of the reentry process Over the past three years, our team has developed a GIS based solution to improve the ability of returning citizens to find the service providers that they need The major deliverable has been a web mapping application that functions as
a tool allowing returning citizens, their family, and parole officers to locate service providers which are often needed in reentry Following the success of the web mapping application, the development of a native application was initiated, and is currently underway Because of the application’s success, our team is continuing our research and growing the database of service providers Our team has created an application which allows the user to access an ever-improving database of categorized and geolocated service providers in a user friendly and accessible online application (gis.calvin.edu/rc) The application allows the user
to search through the counties currently covered, filter through service provider categories, search for nearby providers, as well
as easily use several other tools and features
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Scientific Talk Emphasis: Biosynthesis
Co-Author(s): Marlon Coe II and S Eric Nybo PhD
“Metabolic Engineering for Production of Novel Tetracenomycins”
Abstract: Streptomyces olivaceus produces the anthracycline anticancer agent elloramycin, which features an 8-O-glycosidically linked
L-rhamnose sugar Previously, the biosynthetic genes for production of elloramycin were cloned onto cosmid cos16F4 and heterologously expressed in Streptomyces lividans TK24 to produce the aglycone 8-demethyl tetracenomycin C (8-DMTC) Interestingly, cos16F4 lacks the biosynthetic genes to synthesize TDP-L-rhamnose, however, expression of a “sugar plasmid” encoding TDP-L- rhamnose biosynthesis in S lividans (cos16F4) results in production of elloramycin ElmGT has been shown to be a TDP-deoxysugar promiscuous glycosyltransferase responsible for the transfer of >20 different deoxysugar substrates to 8-DMTC, resulting in production
of novel elloramycins with diversified anticancer activities In this work, we optimized a heterologous polyketide glycosylation pathway via balancing of TDP-deoxysugar donor and polyketide acceptor substrates First, we overexpressed the Streptomyces coelicolor acetyl- CoA carboxylase (accA2BE) genes to enhance malonyl-CoA production We hypothesized that this would result in greater carbon flux towards synthesis of 8-DMTC Secondly, we engineered S lividans (cos16F4) with “sugar plasmids” for production of TDP-D-olivose, TDP-L-olivose, and TDP-L-rhamnose to determine production of glycosylated analogues For this purpose, we expressed variant genes encoding TDP-D-glucose synthase and TDP-D-glucose- 4,6-dehydratase (desIII-desIV, mtmD-mtmE, and oleS-oleE) to evaluate their differing in vivo kinetic properties Third, we cloned the optimal gene combinations in high-copy number (e.g pWHM3-oriT) and low- copy number (e.g pENTG1) vectors to determine the effect of gene dosage on polyketide glycosylation This production platform opens the door for glycodiversification of other anthracycline natural products for the synthesis of improved analogs
Erin Reasoner, Grand Valley State University
Major(s): Cell & Molecular Biology and Behavioral Neuroscience Class of 2020
Research Mentor(s): Shkelzen Shabani, PhD – Assistant Professor of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University
Scientific Talk Emphasis: Neuroscience
Co-Author(s): Kalyn Peterson, Leo Gallagher, and Shkelzen Shabani, PhD
“Dopamine D2 receptor activation regulates aversive effects of methamphetamine”
Abstract: Innate avidity for methamphetamine (MA) use is influenced by sensitivity to its rewarding and aversive effects MA induces
these effects through mass release of the neurotransmitter dopamine, stimulating receptors throughout the mesocorticolimbic pathway, including dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) Presently, little is known about the extent to which D2R contributes to MA induced motivational effects and how it may be influenced by other genetic risk factors In this study, we sought to investigate motivational effects of D2R activation by using a genetic mouse model in which mice were selectively bred for low MA drinking (MALDR) and high
MA drinking (MAHDR) Mice were subjected to a condition place preference (CPP) procedure wherein administration of a D2R agonist, quinpirole, at doses of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg was paired with specific contextual cues Subjects were later tested in the presence and absence of the drug for CPP or aversion (CPA) Thermic responses to quinpirole were also measured at the end of the experiment, as
MA has shown opposite thermic effects on MALDR and MAHDR mice In MALDR and MAHDR mice, quinpirole induced significant CPA
in both drug-free and drug present CPP tests Additionally, locomotor sensitization, regardless of dose, was observed in a drug-free CPP test only in MALDR mice Locomotor suppression was identified in both mouse lines across both doses Thermic responses to quinpirole after chronic exposure were negligible This study suggests a that D2R stimulation is robustly aversive in both lines, though, locomotor sensitization is differently affected in the selected lines This suggests that locomotor activation via D2R is influenced by genetic risk factors for MA intake
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Scientific Talk Emphasis: Biochemistry
Co-Author(s): Mackenna Senti, Gonzalo Moya, Julia Wilson, and Alexandra Wyeth
“Investigating Mechanisms of Regulation of Mitochondrial DNA Transcription”
Abstract: Mitochondria produce ATP, the energy currency of cells Mitochondria contain DNA molecules (mtDNA) which encode part of
the protein machinery for ATP production; the remaining proteins are encoded by nuclear genes Coordinating gene expression between the mtDNA and the nucleus is critical for assembling the ATP production machinery and generating ATP However, there lacks an understanding of how mtDNA transcription, an important step in this process, is regulated One potential regulatory mechanism is reversible post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins associated with mtDNA Two of these proteins, POLRMT and TFB2M, comprise part of the core mtDNA transcription machinery We believe PTMs at specific sites may influence these proteins’ interactions with each other and the mtDNA We have shown that TFB2M phosphorylation affects its ability to bind mtDNA and may influence its binding to POLRMT Continued investigation will provide foundational understanding of mitochondrial biochemistry which can be applied in comprehending human disease
Mya Gough, Kalamazoo College
Major(s): Chemistry Class of 2020
Research Mentor(s): Dwight Williams, PhD – Roger F and Harriet G Varney Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Kalamazoo College
Scientific Talk Emphasis: Organic Synthesis
Co-Author(s): Dwight Williams, PhD
“Design and Synthesis of Maleimide-Tryptamine Hybrids as Potential Antibacterial Agents”
Abstract: Antibacterial resistance is developing into a significant health challenge of the 21st century Presently, there is a finite number
of molecular scaffolds displaying antibacterial activity that are FDA approved This limited structural diversity restricts the mechanisms available that can be targeted This study used molecular hybridization as a design strategy to develop a novel molecular scaffold with
a potentially unique mechanism of action Specifically, maleimides, a class of nitrogen containing heterocycles, were hybridized with tryptamine, the biochemical precursor of tryptophan Each scaffold has shown antimicrobial activity through mechanisms of action previously not exploited The desired N-substituted maleimide hybrids could be obtained in yields ranging from 15-81% over a four-step
synthetic route The synthesized compounds were screened against 4 different strains of Proteus vulgaris in Kirby Bauer Disk Assays
Results indicate that some of the hybrid compounds do maintain antibacterial activity but are selective for one strain over the others
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WEST MICHIGAN REGIONAL UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE RESEARCH CONFERENCE
2019 POSTER PRESENTATIONS Poster presentations will take place in the Vande Woude Sessions Conference Room and the Cook-Hauenstein Hall
Presenters with even-numbered posters will present at 10:00 AM
Presenters with odd-numbered posters will present at 1:10 PM.
AUTHORS LIST Pages 11-15 includes a table with a list of principal presenting authors by last name
Co-presenters, co-presenting authors, co-authosr and research mentors are included with the detailed poster information on pages 16-32
List of Principal Presenting Authors
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List of Principal Presenting Authors
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List of Principal Presenting Authors
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List of Principal Presenting Authors
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List of Principal Presenting Authors
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2019 POSTER PRESENTATIONS
1 Faith Hensley, Grand Valley State University Animal Behavior Co-Presenter(s): Caitlin Gerke
Co-Author(s): Jodee Hunt, PhD
“Amur Tigers expand use of enclosure space and features over time following introduction to John Ball Zoo, Grand Rapids, Michigan”
2 Abigail Smith, Grand Valley State University Animal Behavior Co-Presenter(s): Andrew Mayfield
Co-Author(s): Jodee Hunt
“Change in social group influences spatial and activity patterns of an adult female lion at John Ball Zoo”
3 Hailee Cederquist, Grand Valley State University Animal Behavior Co-Presenter(s): Chelsea Clark
Co-Author(s): Jodee Hunt
“Enclosure alterations affect behavior of Canada lynx at John Ball Zoo, GR MI”
4 Hannah Price, Cornerstone University Animal Behavior / Biology Co-Author(s): Dr Sergio da Silva
“Aggression in Ring-Tail Lemurs While in Winter Holding”
5 Carolyn Lammers, Eastern Michigan University Antimicrobial Agents Co-Author(s): Ashley Campbell, Sydney Klausing, Lynne Shetron-Rama
“An Antimicrobial Agent Found in Over-the-Counter Nasal Sprays”
6 Kassidy Vredeveld, Ferris State University Antibody Production Co-Author(s): Cayman Chemical Antibody Core
“Detection and Characterization of Atg5 with a Panel of Monoclonal Antibodies”
7 Amelia Brave, Kalamazoo College Biochemistry Co-Author(s): Regina Stevens-Truss, Dwight Williams, Christopher Vennard
“Assessing the Solubility and Antibiotic Activity of Yanglingmycin/Coumarin Chimeras”
8 Amanda Heino, Indiana Wesleyan University Biochemistry Co-Author(s): Julianna Korns, Megan Kraus, Dr Benjamin Linger
“Characterization of Nutrient Mediated Regulation of Metabolic Enzyme Gene Expression in Tetrahymena thermophila”
9 Sara Knapp, Calvin University Biochemistry Co-Author(s): Dr Rachael Baker, Dr Amy Wilstermann
“Determining the Effectiveness of Drugs Using EC50 and MIC Assays”
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10 Gonzalo Moya, Hope College Biochemistry Co-Presenter(s): Julia Wilson
Co-Author(s): Alicia Bostwick, Mackenna Senti, Kristin Dittenhafer-Reed*
“Determining the Regulatory Role of Phosphorylation of Mitochondrial Transcription Factor B2 (TFB2M)”
11 Sam Schellenberg, Calvin University Biochemistry Co-Author(s): David E Benson
“Expression and Characterization of a Metalloprotein in Bacteroides Fragilis”
12 Sarah Catlin, Calvin University Biochemistry Co-Presenter(s): Kyle Timmer
Co-Author(s): Eric Arnoys
“Searching for Glut-1 Transport Protein Interactions”
13 Kevin McCarty, Kalamazoo College Biochemistry Co-Author(s): Kyle A Furge and Laura Lowe Furge
“Tryptophan-75 is a Potential Gating Residue of Cytochrome P450 2D6 and Operates via a Model of Induced Fit”
14 Kevin Catalfano, Hope College Biochemistry Co-Author(s): Leah Chase
“Use of Site-Directed Mutagenesis to Probe the Cystine Binding Site within System xc-”
15 Molly Vander Werp, Calvin University Biochemistry Co-Presenter(s): Katherine Koning
Co-Author(s): Dr Laura Westrate
“The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Morphology in Protein Trafficking”
16 Isabel Johnson, Calvin University Biochemistry / Genetics Co-Author(s): Rachel Baker, Amy Wilstermann
“Mitochondrial Network Function and Regulation Through the Lens of Rare Disease: Establishing a Novel Function for BCS1L”
17 Amber Park, Davenport University Bioinformatics Co-Author(s): Laura Harris
“Computational analysis reveals an under-expressed gene panel that marks ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa plankton cells and biofilms”
18 Michael Kalinowski, Aquinas College Bioinformatics & Biostatistics Co-Author(s): Robert VanBuren, Jennifer Wei
“Differential Gene Expression between Leaf and Root in Craterostigma plantagineum”
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19 Thomas Almy, Lansing Community College Bioinformatics / Molecular Biology Co-Presenter(s): Michelle Bennett, Teddi Hichman, Danielle Hook, Trinity Smith, Olivia Szilagyi
Co-Author(s): Melinda Wilson
“Using DNA sequencing to Identify Invasive Plant Species in Mid-Michigan”
20 Amanda Lietz, Ferris State University Bioenergy Co-Author(s): Matthew L Reid, Douglas A Landis, Lisa K Tiemann
“Aboveground Herbivory in Switchgrass Alters Soil and Microbial Community Function”
21 Leann Tasma, Grand Valley State University Biology Co-Author(s): Sheila Blackman
“Climate-adapted food systems for West Michigan: the potential of underutilized crops”
22 Sarah Dible, Hope College Biology Co-Author(s): Dr Virginia McDonough
“Cross Regulation of Phospholipid and Unsaturated Fatty Acid”
23 Rachel McKuras, Indiana Wesleyan University Biology Co-Author(s): Alyssa Powell, Hannah Caringal , Brock Goeglein , Michael Gongwer , Thomas Leuschner , Lexi Shepherd,
and Dr Matthew Kreitzer
“Culturing and Recording Extracellular Acidification of Cryopreserved Rat Glial Cells”
24 Noel Sheffer, Muskegon Community College Biology Co-Author(s): Darren Mattone
“Evaluation of lipid-based plant extracts as a treatment for cancer using an in vitro Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell model”
25 Emma Sachteleben, Grand Valley State University Biology Co-Author(s): Dr Michael Lombardo
“Heritability of Reproductive and Morphological Traits in Female Tree Swallows”
26 Anna Gambetta, Kalamazoo College Biology Co-Author(s): Dr Santiago Salinas
“Latitudinal Variation in the Growth of Pimephales promelas”
27 Sara Filippelli, Hope College Biology Co-Author(s): Dr McDonough
“Mutation in arv1 affect OLE1 regulation by unsaturated fatty acids”
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28 Sage Riley, Calvin University Biology Co-Presenter(s): Kelli Laube
Co-Author(s): Drew Van Andel, William L Miller
“Preliminary Design & Evaluation of an eDNA Assay for Wild Rice”
29 Spencer Graham, Aquinas College Biology Co-Author(s): Rebecca P Humphrey, Ph.D
“Relationship between pollen aperture number and germination in the pollen heteromorphic Thalictrum thalictroides (Ranunculaceae)”
30 Lauren Gapp, Grand Valley State University Biology Co-Author(s): L Gapp1; C.J Vinyard2; L.C.O Melo3; M.A.B de Oliveira3; C.L Thompson1 1 Department of Biomedical
Sciences, Grand Valley State University 2 Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University 3 Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiolog
“The effect of nocturnal competitors on common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) exudate feeding behavior”
31 Tyeler Garrett, Muskegon Community College Biology Co-Author(s): Darren Mattone
“The Effectiveness of steam distilled herbal extracts as antimicrobial agents against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli”
32 Micah Hoeksema, Taylor University Biology Co-Presenter(s): Jordan Laing
Co-Author(s): Dr Jessica Vanderploeg, Hannah Burden
“The Fruit Fly Heart as a Model of Cell Specification”
33 Bradley Scholten, Calvin University Biology Co-Presenter(s): Abigail R Olen
Co-Author(s): Margaret E Caulfield and Darren S Proppe
“Unmanned aerial vehicles do not affect tree swallow stress levels”
34 Elle Hazlett, Calvin University Biology / Biochemistry Co-Author(s): Dr Rachael Baker and Dr Amy Wilstermann
“Education for the Rare Majority: Development of RareDiseaseEd”
35 Yutong Zou, Hope College Biology / Chemistry Co-Author(s): Jianhua Li, Kenneth Brown, Brittany Henkin,Thomas Diaz
“Hazelnuts: Genetic Relationships and Secondary Compound for Cancer Treatment”
36 Mathew Holmes-Hackerd, Kalamazoo College Biology / Ecology Co-Author(s): Dr Binney Girdler
“Co-Occurrence Analysis of Invasive Understory Plants in the Lillian Anderson Arboretum”